See тьма on Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "světŭ",
"word": "свѣтъ"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*tьma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *tьma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*timāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *timāˀ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*temH-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *temH-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *tьma, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *timāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *temH-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tĭma",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cu-decl-noun-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "тьма",
"roman": "tĭma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѣ",
"roman": "tĭmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмꙑ",
"roman": "tĭmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмꙑ",
"roman": "tĭmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмоу",
"roman": "tĭmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмъ",
"roman": "tĭmŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѣ",
"roman": "tĭmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмама",
"roman": "tĭmama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмамъ",
"roman": "tĭmamŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѫ",
"roman": "tĭmǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѣ",
"roman": "tĭmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмꙑ",
"roman": "tĭmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмоѭ",
"roman": "tĭmojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмама",
"roman": "tĭmama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмами",
"roman": "tĭmami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѣ",
"roman": "tĭmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмоу",
"roman": "tĭmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмахъ",
"roman": "tĭmaxŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмо",
"roman": "tĭmo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѣ",
"roman": "tĭmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмꙑ",
"roman": "tĭmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sc": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "тьма • (tĭma) f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "тьма • (tĭma) f",
"name": "cu-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ть",
"2": "м"
},
"name": "cu-decl-noun-a"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "тьма",
"10": "тьмама",
"11": "тьмѣ",
"12": "тьмама",
"13": "тьмоу",
"14": "тьмѣ",
"15": "тьмꙑ",
"16": "тьмъ",
"17": "тьмамъ",
"18": "тьмꙑ",
"19": "тьмами",
"2": "тьмꙑ",
"20": "тьмахъ",
"21": "тьмꙑ",
"3": "тьмѣ",
"4": "тьмѫ",
"5": "тьмоѭ",
"6": "тьмѣ",
"7": "тьмо",
"8": "тьмѣ",
"9": "тьмоу",
"type": "hard a-stem"
},
"name": "cu-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 36 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Church Slavonic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "otĭmĭniti",
"word": "отьмьнити"
},
{
"roman": "otĭmĭněti",
"word": "отьмьнѣти"
},
{
"roman": "tĭmĭnica",
"word": "тьмьница"
},
{
"roman": "tĭmĭnŭ",
"word": "тьмьнъ"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "For God, who commanded the light to shine out of darkness, hath shined in our hearts.",
"ref": "2 Коринт. 4:6-15 from Син. евх.",
"text": "б҃ъ рекъі и҅с тъмъі свѣтоу въсиꙗ҅ти· ꙇ҅же въсиꙗ҅ въ ср҃цихъ вашихъ·\nb:ŭ rekhy is tŭmy světu vŭsijhathi· iže vŭsijha vŭ sr:cixŭ vašixŭ·",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"darkness"
],
"id": "en-тьма-cu-noun-FCcr02HJ",
"links": [
[
"darkness",
"darkness"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "tĭma",
"tags": [
"Glagolitic"
],
"word": "ⱅⱐⰿⰰ"
}
],
"word": "тьма"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "түм"
},
"expansion": "Mongolian түм (tüm)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from an ancestor of Mongolian түм (tüm).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tĭma",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sc": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "тьма • (tĭma) f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "тьма • (tĭma) f",
"name": "cu-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 36 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Church Slavonic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "from Slavonic Josephus, kniga 4, 432б",
"roman": "idęxu bo po nemŭ kromě oružnikŭ, četyri tmy.",
"text": "идѧхоу бо по немъ кромѣ ѡроужникъ, четꙑри тмꙑ.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ten thousand; a myriad"
],
"id": "en-тьма-cu-noun-Zf2~lyBz",
"links": [
[
"ten thousand",
"ten thousand"
],
[
"myriad",
"myriad"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 36 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Church Slavonic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a large number or multitude (of specified things)"
],
"id": "en-тьма-cu-noun-7IgB3QuY"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "tĭma",
"tags": [
"Glagolitic"
],
"word": "ⱅⱐⰿⰰ"
}
],
"word": "тьма"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "light",
"roman": "světŭ",
"word": "свѣтъ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "тьма"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: тьма (tʹma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: тьма (tʹma)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "цьма"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: цьма (cʹma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: цьма (cʹma)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "тьма"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: тьма (tʹma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: тьма (tʹma)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "тьма"
},
"expansion": "Russian: тьма (tʹma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: тьма (tʹma)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*tьma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *tьma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "тьма"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic тьма (tĭma)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "ćma"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish ćma",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *tьma. Cognates include Old Church Slavonic тьма (tĭma) and Old Polish ćma.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tĭma",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "orv-decl-noun-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "тьма",
"roman": "tĭma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѣ",
"roman": "tĭmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмꙑ",
"roman": "tĭmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмꙑ",
"roman": "tĭmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьму",
"roman": "tĭmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмъ",
"roman": "tĭmŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѣ",
"roman": "tĭmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмама",
"roman": "tĭmama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмамъ",
"roman": "tĭmamŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѫ",
"roman": "tĭmǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѣ",
"roman": "tĭmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмꙑ",
"roman": "tĭmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмоѭ",
"roman": "tĭmojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмама",
"roman": "tĭmama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмами",
"roman": "tĭmami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѣ",
"roman": "tĭmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьму",
"roman": "tĭmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмахъ",
"roman": "tĭmaxŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмо",
"roman": "tĭmo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѣ",
"roman": "tĭmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмꙑ",
"roman": "tĭmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sc": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "тьма (tĭma) f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "тьма (tĭma) f",
"name": "orv-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ть‧ма"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ть",
"2": "м"
},
"name": "orv-decl-noun-a"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "тьма",
"10": "тьмама",
"11": "тьмѣ",
"12": "тьмама",
"13": "тьму",
"14": "тьмѣ",
"15": "тьмꙑ",
"16": "тьмъ",
"17": "тьмамъ",
"18": "тьмꙑ",
"19": "тьмами",
"2": "тьмꙑ",
"20": "тьмахъ",
"21": "тьмꙑ",
"3": "тьмѣ",
"4": "тьмѫ",
"5": "тьмоѭ",
"6": "тьмѣ",
"7": "тьмо",
"8": "тьмѣ",
"9": "тьму",
"type": "hard a-stem"
},
"name": "orv-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"darkness"
],
"id": "en-тьма-orv-noun-FCcr02HJ",
"links": [
[
"darkness",
"darkness"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tɪˈmɑ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʲɪˈma/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtʲma/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɪˈmɑ/",
"note": "ca. 9ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʲɪˈma/",
"note": "ca. 11ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtʲma/",
"note": "ca. 13ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "tma",
"word": "тма"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "tŭma",
"word": "тъма"
}
],
"word": "тьма"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "тьма"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: тьма (tʹma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: тьма (tʹma)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "тьма"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: тьма (tʹma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: тьма (tʹma)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "тьма"
},
"expansion": "Russian: тьма (tʹma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: тьма (tʹma)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "xgn",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Mongolic",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "түм"
},
"expansion": "Mongolian түм (tüm)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "тьма"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic тьма (tĭma)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from a Mongolic language (compare Mongolian түм (tüm)). Cognate with Old Church Slavonic тьма (tĭma).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tĭma",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "orv-decl-noun-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "тьма",
"roman": "tĭma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѣ",
"roman": "tĭmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмꙑ",
"roman": "tĭmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмꙑ",
"roman": "tĭmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьму",
"roman": "tĭmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмъ",
"roman": "tĭmŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѣ",
"roman": "tĭmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмама",
"roman": "tĭmama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмамъ",
"roman": "tĭmamŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѫ",
"roman": "tĭmǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѣ",
"roman": "tĭmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмꙑ",
"roman": "tĭmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмоѭ",
"roman": "tĭmojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмама",
"roman": "tĭmama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмами",
"roman": "tĭmami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѣ",
"roman": "tĭmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьму",
"roman": "tĭmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмахъ",
"roman": "tĭmaxŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмо",
"roman": "tĭmo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѣ",
"roman": "tĭmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмꙑ",
"roman": "tĭmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sc": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "тьма (tĭma) f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "тьма (tĭma) f",
"name": "orv-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ть‧ма"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ть",
"2": "м"
},
"name": "orv-decl-noun-a"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "тьма",
"10": "тьмама",
"11": "тьмѣ",
"12": "тьмама",
"13": "тьму",
"14": "тьмѣ",
"15": "тьмꙑ",
"16": "тьмъ",
"17": "тьмамъ",
"18": "тьмꙑ",
"19": "тьмами",
"2": "тьмꙑ",
"20": "тьмахъ",
"21": "тьмꙑ",
"3": "тьмѣ",
"4": "тьмѫ",
"5": "тьмоѭ",
"6": "тьмѣ",
"7": "тьмо",
"8": "тьмѣ",
"9": "тьму",
"type": "hard a-stem"
},
"name": "orv-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 86 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old East Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"myriad (10.000)"
],
"id": "en-тьма-orv-noun-vqqO9Md-",
"links": [
[
"myriad",
"myriad"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"multitude (large amount)"
],
"id": "en-тьма-orv-noun-bKGZ-eiu",
"links": [
[
"multitude",
"multitude"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tɪˈmɑ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʲɪˈma/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtʲma/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɪˈmɑ/",
"note": "ca. 9ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʲɪˈma/",
"note": "ca. 11ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtʲma/",
"note": "ca. 13ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "tma",
"word": "тма"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "tŭma",
"word": "тъма"
}
],
"word": "тьма"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "тьма",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic тьма (tĭma)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "тьма"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old East Slavic тьма (tĭma)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*tьma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *tьma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*timāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *timāˀ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*temH-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *temH-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old East Slavic тьма (tĭma), from Proto-Slavic *tьma, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *timāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *temH-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tʹma",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмы",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмы",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тем",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-b",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "тьма́",
"roman": "tʹmá",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмы́",
"roman": "tʹmý",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмы́",
"roman": "tʹmý",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "те́м",
"roman": "tém",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"irregular",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьме́",
"roman": "tʹmé",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьма́м",
"roman": "tʹmám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьму́",
"roman": "tʹmú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмы́",
"roman": "tʹmý",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмо́й",
"roman": "tʹmój",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмо́ю",
"roman": "tʹmóju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьма́ми",
"roman": "tʹmámi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьме́",
"roman": "tʹmé",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьма́х",
"roman": "tʹmáx",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-b",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "тьма́",
"roman": "tʹmá",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмы́",
"roman": "tʹmý",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмы́",
"roman": "tʹmý",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "те́мъ",
"roman": "tém",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"genitive",
"irregular",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѣ́",
"roman": "tʹmě́",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьма́мъ",
"roman": "tʹmám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьму́",
"roman": "tʹmú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dated",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмы́",
"roman": "tʹmý",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dated",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмо́й",
"roman": "tʹmój",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмо́ю",
"roman": "tʹmóju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьма́ми",
"roman": "tʹmámi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѣ́",
"roman": "tʹmě́",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьма́хъ",
"roman": "tʹmáx",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "*",
"gen_pl": "тем"
},
"expansion": "тьма • (tʹma) f inan (genitive тьмы, nominative plural тьмы, genitive plural тем)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "свет"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern b",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with reducible stem",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Maxim Gorky",
"ref": "1924, Максим Горький [Maxim Gorky], Рассказ о герое; English translation from (Please provide a date or year):",
"roman": "Mne vsegdá xotélosʹ poščúpatʹ tʹmú, ja protjágival rúku v neosveščónnyje uglý i, ostoróžno sžimája pálʹcy v kulák, oščuščál kóžeju ladóni neprijátnyj, vlážnyj xolodók.",
"text": "Мне всегда́ хоте́лось пощу́пать тьму́, я протя́гивал ру́ку в неосвещённые углы́ и, осторо́жно сжима́я па́льцы в кула́к, ощуща́л ко́жею ладо́ни неприя́тный, вла́жный холодо́к.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dark, darkness"
],
"id": "en-тьма-ru-noun-ozoSA7vt",
"links": [
[
"dark",
"dark"
],
[
"darkness",
"darkness"
]
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "vpotʹmáx",
"word": "впотьма́х"
},
{
"roman": "tjómnyj",
"word": "тёмный"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "темнота́"
},
{
"word": "те́мень"
},
{
"word": "потёмки"
},
{
"word": "мгла"
},
{
"word": "мрак"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tʲma]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-тьма.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/Ru-%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B0.ogg/Ru-%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B0.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/95/Ru-%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B0.ogg"
}
],
"word": "тьма"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "тьма",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic тьма (tĭma)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "тьма"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old East Slavic тьма (tĭma)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "xgn",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Mongolic",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old East Slavic тьма (tĭma), borrowed from a Mongolic language.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tʹma",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмы",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмы",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тем",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-b",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "тьма́",
"roman": "tʹmá",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмы́",
"roman": "tʹmý",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмы́",
"roman": "tʹmý",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "те́м",
"roman": "tém",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"irregular",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьме́",
"roman": "tʹmé",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьма́м",
"roman": "tʹmám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьму́",
"roman": "tʹmú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмы́",
"roman": "tʹmý",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмо́й",
"roman": "tʹmój",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмо́ю",
"roman": "tʹmóju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьма́ми",
"roman": "tʹmámi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьме́",
"roman": "tʹmé",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьма́х",
"roman": "tʹmáx",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "*",
"gen_pl": "тем"
},
"expansion": "тьма • (tʹma) f inan (genitive тьмы, nominative plural тьмы, genitive plural тем)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 97",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 96",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern b",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with irregular genitive plural",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with reducible stem",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"thousands, a multitude, a host, lots of"
],
"id": "en-тьма-ru-noun-BYGER8AI",
"links": [
[
"thousands",
"thousands"
],
[
"multitude",
"multitude"
],
[
"host",
"host"
],
[
"lots",
"lots"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) thousands, a multitude, a host, lots of"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tʲma]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-тьма.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/Ru-%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B0.ogg/Ru-%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B0.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/95/Ru-%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B0.ogg"
}
],
"word": "тьма"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "orv",
"3": "тьма",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic тьма (tĭma)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "orv",
"3": "тьма"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old East Slavic тьма (tĭma)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*tьma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *tьma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*timāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *timāˀ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*temH-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *temH-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old East Slavic тьма (tĭma), from Proto-Slavic *tьma, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *timāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *temH-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tʹma",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "тьми",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "uk-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-d",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "тьма",
"roman": "tʹma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьми",
"roman": "tʹmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмі",
"roman": "tʹmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьму",
"roman": "tʹmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмо́ю",
"roman": "tʹmóju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмі",
"roman": "tʹmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмо",
"roman": "tʹmo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "тьма<sg>"
},
"expansion": "тьма • (tʹma) f inan (genitive тьми, uncountable)",
"name": "uk-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "тьма<sg>"
},
"name": "uk-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"darkness"
],
"id": "en-тьма-uk-noun-FCcr02HJ",
"links": [
[
"darkness",
"darkness"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "те́мрява"
},
{
"word": "те́мінь"
},
{
"word": "темно́та́"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 6 6 2 12 3 2 22 2 32 2 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 4 1 14 2 1 25 1 38 1 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 91 2 2 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 35 16 14 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian nouns with accent pattern d",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 35 16 14 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian nouns with reducible stem",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"uneducatedness"
],
"id": "en-тьма-uk-noun-tQT43JOD",
"links": [
[
"uneducatedness",
"uneducatedness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) uneducatedness"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "неосві́ченість"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"wickedness (something vile and evil)"
],
"id": "en-тьма-uk-noun-vaH8mbtj",
"links": [
[
"wickedness",
"wickedness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) wickedness (something vile and evil)"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tʲma]"
},
{
"audio": "Uk-тьма.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/71/Uk-%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B0.ogg/Uk-%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B0.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/71/Uk-%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B0.ogg"
}
],
"word": "тьма"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "orv",
"3": "тьма",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic тьма (tĭma)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "orv",
"3": "тьма"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old East Slavic тьма (tĭma)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*tьma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *tьma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*timāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *timāˀ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*temH-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *temH-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old East Slavic тьма (tĭma), from Proto-Slavic *tьma, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *timāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *temH-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tʹma",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "тьми",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "тьми",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тем",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "uk-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-d",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "тьма",
"roman": "tʹma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьми",
"roman": "tʹmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьми",
"roman": "tʹmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тем",
"roman": "tem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмі",
"roman": "tʹmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмам",
"roman": "tʹmam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьму",
"roman": "tʹmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьми",
"roman": "tʹmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмо́ю",
"roman": "tʹmóju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьма́ми",
"roman": "tʹmámy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмі",
"roman": "tʹmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмах",
"roman": "tʹmax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмо",
"roman": "tʹmo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "тьми",
"roman": "tʹmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "тьма<*>"
},
"expansion": "тьма • (tʹma) f inan (genitive тьми, nominative plural тьми, genitive plural тем)",
"name": "uk-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "тьма<*>"
},
"name": "uk-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"ten thousand"
],
"id": "en-тьма-uk-noun-ZbNgJlVq",
"links": [
[
"ten thousand",
"ten thousand"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical, countable) ten thousand"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"ton (large amount of something)"
],
"id": "en-тьма-uk-noun-9LBhf~5Y",
"links": [
[
"ton",
"ton"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively, colloquial, uncountable) ton (large amount of something)"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"figuratively",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tʲma]"
},
{
"audio": "Uk-тьма.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/71/Uk-%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B0.ogg/Uk-%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B0.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/71/Uk-%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B0.ogg"
}
],
"word": "тьма"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "světŭ",
"word": "свѣтъ"
}
],
"categories": [
"Old Church Slavonic entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Church Slavonic feminine nouns",
"Old Church Slavonic hard a-stem nouns",
"Old Church Slavonic hard feminine a-stem nouns",
"Old Church Slavonic lemmas",
"Old Church Slavonic nouns",
"Old Church Slavonic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Old Church Slavonic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Church Slavonic terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Church Slavonic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Old Church Slavonic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Church Slavonic terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "otĭmĭniti",
"word": "отьмьнити"
},
{
"roman": "otĭmĭněti",
"word": "отьмьнѣти"
},
{
"roman": "tĭmĭnica",
"word": "тьмьница"
},
{
"roman": "tĭmĭnŭ",
"word": "тьмьнъ"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*tьma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *tьma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*timāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *timāˀ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*temH-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *temH-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *tьma, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *timāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *temH-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tĭma",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cu-decl-noun-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "тьма",
"roman": "tĭma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѣ",
"roman": "tĭmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмꙑ",
"roman": "tĭmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмꙑ",
"roman": "tĭmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмоу",
"roman": "tĭmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмъ",
"roman": "tĭmŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѣ",
"roman": "tĭmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмама",
"roman": "tĭmama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмамъ",
"roman": "tĭmamŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѫ",
"roman": "tĭmǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѣ",
"roman": "tĭmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмꙑ",
"roman": "tĭmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмоѭ",
"roman": "tĭmojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмама",
"roman": "tĭmama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмами",
"roman": "tĭmami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѣ",
"roman": "tĭmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмоу",
"roman": "tĭmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмахъ",
"roman": "tĭmaxŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмо",
"roman": "tĭmo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѣ",
"roman": "tĭmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмꙑ",
"roman": "tĭmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sc": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "тьма • (tĭma) f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "тьма • (tĭma) f",
"name": "cu-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ть",
"2": "м"
},
"name": "cu-decl-noun-a"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "тьма",
"10": "тьмама",
"11": "тьмѣ",
"12": "тьмама",
"13": "тьмоу",
"14": "тьмѣ",
"15": "тьмꙑ",
"16": "тьмъ",
"17": "тьмамъ",
"18": "тьмꙑ",
"19": "тьмами",
"2": "тьмꙑ",
"20": "тьмахъ",
"21": "тьмꙑ",
"3": "тьмѣ",
"4": "тьмѫ",
"5": "тьмоѭ",
"6": "тьмѣ",
"7": "тьмо",
"8": "тьмѣ",
"9": "тьмоу",
"type": "hard a-stem"
},
"name": "cu-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Church Slavonic terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "For God, who commanded the light to shine out of darkness, hath shined in our hearts.",
"ref": "2 Коринт. 4:6-15 from Син. евх.",
"text": "б҃ъ рекъі и҅с тъмъі свѣтоу въсиꙗ҅ти· ꙇ҅же въсиꙗ҅ въ ср҃цихъ вашихъ·\nb:ŭ rekhy is tŭmy světu vŭsijhathi· iže vŭsijha vŭ sr:cixŭ vašixŭ·",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"darkness"
],
"links": [
[
"darkness",
"darkness"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "tĭma",
"tags": [
"Glagolitic"
],
"word": "ⱅⱐⰿⰰ"
}
],
"word": "тьма"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Church Slavonic entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Church Slavonic feminine nouns",
"Old Church Slavonic lemmas",
"Old Church Slavonic nouns",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "түм"
},
"expansion": "Mongolian түм (tüm)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from an ancestor of Mongolian түм (tüm).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tĭma",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sc": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "тьма • (tĭma) f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "тьма • (tĭma) f",
"name": "cu-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Church Slavonic terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Old Church Slavonic quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "from Slavonic Josephus, kniga 4, 432б",
"roman": "idęxu bo po nemŭ kromě oružnikŭ, četyri tmy.",
"text": "идѧхоу бо по немъ кромѣ ѡроужникъ, четꙑри тмꙑ.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ten thousand; a myriad"
],
"links": [
[
"ten thousand",
"ten thousand"
],
[
"myriad",
"myriad"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a large number or multitude (of specified things)"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "tĭma",
"tags": [
"Glagolitic"
],
"word": "ⱅⱐⰿⰰ"
}
],
"word": "тьма"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "light",
"roman": "světŭ",
"word": "свѣтъ"
}
],
"categories": [
"Old East Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Old East Slavic feminine nouns",
"Old East Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
"Old East Slavic lemmas",
"Old East Slavic nouns",
"Old East Slavic terms borrowed from Mongolic languages",
"Old East Slavic terms derived from Mongolic languages",
"Old East Slavic terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old East Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old East Slavic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "тьма"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: тьма (tʹma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: тьма (tʹma)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "цьма"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: цьма (cʹma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: цьма (cʹma)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "тьма"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: тьма (tʹma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: тьма (tʹma)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "тьма"
},
"expansion": "Russian: тьма (tʹma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: тьма (tʹma)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*tьma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *tьma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "тьма"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic тьма (tĭma)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "ćma"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish ćma",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *tьma. Cognates include Old Church Slavonic тьма (tĭma) and Old Polish ćma.",
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{
"form": "tĭma",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "orv-decl-noun-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "тьма",
"roman": "tĭma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѣ",
"roman": "tĭmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмꙑ",
"roman": "tĭmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмꙑ",
"roman": "tĭmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьму",
"roman": "tĭmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмъ",
"roman": "tĭmŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѣ",
"roman": "tĭmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмама",
"roman": "tĭmama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмамъ",
"roman": "tĭmamŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѫ",
"roman": "tĭmǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѣ",
"roman": "tĭmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмꙑ",
"roman": "tĭmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмоѭ",
"roman": "tĭmojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмама",
"roman": "tĭmama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмами",
"roman": "tĭmami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѣ",
"roman": "tĭmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьму",
"roman": "tĭmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмахъ",
"roman": "tĭmaxŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмо",
"roman": "tĭmo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѣ",
"roman": "tĭmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмꙑ",
"roman": "tĭmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sc": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "тьма (tĭma) f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "тьма (tĭma) f",
"name": "orv-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ть‧ма"
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "ть",
"2": "м"
},
"name": "orv-decl-noun-a"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "тьма",
"10": "тьмама",
"11": "тьмѣ",
"12": "тьмама",
"13": "тьму",
"14": "тьмѣ",
"15": "тьмꙑ",
"16": "тьмъ",
"17": "тьмамъ",
"18": "тьмꙑ",
"19": "тьмами",
"2": "тьмꙑ",
"20": "тьмахъ",
"21": "тьмꙑ",
"3": "тьмѣ",
"4": "тьмѫ",
"5": "тьмоѭ",
"6": "тьмѣ",
"7": "тьмо",
"8": "тьмѣ",
"9": "тьму",
"type": "hard a-stem"
},
"name": "orv-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"darkness"
],
"links": [
[
"darkness",
"darkness"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tɪˈmɑ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʲɪˈma/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtʲma/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɪˈmɑ/",
"note": "ca. 9ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʲɪˈma/",
"note": "ca. 11ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtʲma/",
"note": "ca. 13ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "tma",
"word": "тма"
},
{
"roman": "tŭma",
"word": "тъма"
}
],
"word": "тьма"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old East Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Old East Slavic feminine nouns",
"Old East Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
"Old East Slavic lemmas",
"Old East Slavic nouns",
"Old East Slavic terms borrowed from Mongolic languages",
"Old East Slavic terms derived from Mongolic languages",
"Old East Slavic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "тьма"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: тьма (tʹma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: тьма (tʹma)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "тьма"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: тьма (tʹma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: тьма (tʹma)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "тьма"
},
"expansion": "Russian: тьма (tʹma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: тьма (tʹma)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "xgn",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Mongolic",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "түм"
},
"expansion": "Mongolian түм (tüm)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "тьма"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic тьма (tĭma)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from a Mongolic language (compare Mongolian түм (tüm)). Cognate with Old Church Slavonic тьма (tĭma).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tĭma",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "orv-decl-noun-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "тьма",
"roman": "tĭma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѣ",
"roman": "tĭmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмꙑ",
"roman": "tĭmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмꙑ",
"roman": "tĭmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьму",
"roman": "tĭmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмъ",
"roman": "tĭmŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѣ",
"roman": "tĭmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмама",
"roman": "tĭmama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмамъ",
"roman": "tĭmamŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѫ",
"roman": "tĭmǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѣ",
"roman": "tĭmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмꙑ",
"roman": "tĭmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмоѭ",
"roman": "tĭmojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмама",
"roman": "tĭmama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмами",
"roman": "tĭmami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѣ",
"roman": "tĭmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьму",
"roman": "tĭmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмахъ",
"roman": "tĭmaxŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмо",
"roman": "tĭmo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѣ",
"roman": "tĭmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмꙑ",
"roman": "tĭmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sc": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "тьма (tĭma) f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "тьма (tĭma) f",
"name": "orv-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ть‧ма"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ть",
"2": "м"
},
"name": "orv-decl-noun-a"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "тьма",
"10": "тьмама",
"11": "тьмѣ",
"12": "тьмама",
"13": "тьму",
"14": "тьмѣ",
"15": "тьмꙑ",
"16": "тьмъ",
"17": "тьмамъ",
"18": "тьмꙑ",
"19": "тьмами",
"2": "тьмꙑ",
"20": "тьмахъ",
"21": "тьмꙑ",
"3": "тьмѣ",
"4": "тьмѫ",
"5": "тьмоѭ",
"6": "тьмѣ",
"7": "тьмо",
"8": "тьмѣ",
"9": "тьму",
"type": "hard a-stem"
},
"name": "orv-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"myriad (10.000)"
],
"links": [
[
"myriad",
"myriad"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"multitude (large amount)"
],
"links": [
[
"multitude",
"multitude"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tɪˈmɑ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʲɪˈma/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtʲma/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɪˈmɑ/",
"note": "ca. 9ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʲɪˈma/",
"note": "ca. 11ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtʲma/",
"note": "ca. 13ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "tma",
"word": "тма"
},
{
"roman": "tŭma",
"word": "тъма"
}
],
"word": "тьма"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Pages with entries",
"Russian 1-syllable words",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian feminine nouns",
"Russian hard-stem feminine-form accent-b nouns",
"Russian hard-stem feminine-form nouns",
"Russian inanimate nouns",
"Russian irregular nouns",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"Russian nouns",
"Russian nouns with accent pattern b",
"Russian nouns with irregular genitive plural",
"Russian nouns with reducible stem",
"Russian terms derived from Mongolic languages",
"Russian terms derived from Old East Slavic",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms inherited from Old East Slavic",
"Russian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Russian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Russian terms with redundant head parameter"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "тьма",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic тьма (tĭma)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "тьма"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old East Slavic тьма (tĭma)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*tьma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *tьma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*timāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *timāˀ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*temH-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *temH-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old East Slavic тьма (tĭma), from Proto-Slavic *tьma, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *timāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *temH-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tʹma",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмы",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмы",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тем",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-b",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "тьма́",
"roman": "tʹmá",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмы́",
"roman": "tʹmý",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмы́",
"roman": "tʹmý",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "те́м",
"roman": "tém",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"irregular",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьме́",
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"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьма́м",
"roman": "tʹmám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
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]
},
{
"form": "тьму́",
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"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "тьмы́",
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"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмо́й",
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"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмо́ю",
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"tags": [
"instrumental",
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},
{
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]
},
{
"form": "тьме́",
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"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьма́х",
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"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
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"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
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},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "accent-b",
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"tags": [
"class"
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},
{
"form": "тьма́",
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"dated",
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]
},
{
"form": "тьмы́",
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},
{
"form": "тьмы́",
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},
{
"form": "те́мъ",
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"dated",
"genitive",
"irregular",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмѣ́",
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"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьма́мъ",
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"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьму́",
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"dated",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмы́",
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"accusative",
"dated",
"plural"
]
},
{
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"dated",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмо́ю",
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},
{
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},
{
"form": "тьмѣ́",
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"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьма́хъ",
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]
}
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{
"word": "свет"
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"roman": "Mne vsegdá xotélosʹ poščúpatʹ tʹmú, ja protjágival rúku v neosveščónnyje uglý i, ostoróžno sžimája pálʹcy v kulák, oščuščál kóžeju ladóni neprijátnyj, vlážnyj xolodók.",
"text": "Мне всегда́ хоте́лось пощу́пать тьму́, я протя́гивал ру́ку в неосвещённые углы́ и, осторо́жно сжима́я па́льцы в кула́к, ощуща́л ко́жею ладо́ни неприя́тный, вла́жный холодо́к.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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],
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"dark",
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],
[
"darkness",
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]
],
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{
"word": "темнота́"
},
{
"word": "те́мень"
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{
"word": "потёмки"
},
{
"word": "мгла"
},
{
"word": "мрак"
}
]
}
],
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{
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}
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"Russian terms derived from Mongolic languages",
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},
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},
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},
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},
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},
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},
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},
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},
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},
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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],
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"categories": [
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],
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],
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[
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[
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],
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],
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]
}
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}
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"Ukrainian nouns",
"Ukrainian nouns with accent pattern d",
"Ukrainian nouns with reducible stem",
"Ukrainian terms derived from Old East Slavic",
"Ukrainian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Ukrainian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ukrainian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Ukrainian terms inherited from Old East Slavic",
"Ukrainian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Ukrainian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ukrainian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Ukrainian terms with IPA pronunciation",
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],
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"forms": [
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"form": "tʹma",
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},
{
"form": "тьми",
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},
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"form": "no-table-tags",
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},
{
"form": "uk-ndecl",
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]
},
{
"form": "accent-d",
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},
{
"form": "тьма",
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},
{
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},
{
"form": "тьмі",
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]
},
{
"form": "тьму",
"roman": "tʹmu",
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]
},
{
"form": "тьмо́ю",
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"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
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]
},
{
"form": "тьмі",
"roman": "tʹmi",
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"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмо",
"roman": "tʹmo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
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],
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{
"args": {
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],
"lang": "Ukrainian",
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{
"glosses": [
"darkness"
],
"links": [
[
"darkness",
"darkness"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "те́мрява"
},
{
"word": "те́мінь"
},
{
"word": "темно́та́"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"uneducatedness"
],
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[
"uneducatedness",
"uneducatedness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) uneducatedness"
],
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{
"word": "неосві́ченість"
}
],
"tags": [
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"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
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],
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"wickedness",
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]
],
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"(figuratively) wickedness (something vile and evil)"
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]
}
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}
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},
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},
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"form": "тьма",
"roman": "tʹma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьми",
"roman": "tʹmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьми",
"roman": "tʹmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тем",
"roman": "tem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмі",
"roman": "tʹmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмам",
"roman": "tʹmam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьму",
"roman": "tʹmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьми",
"roman": "tʹmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмо́ю",
"roman": "tʹmóju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьма́ми",
"roman": "tʹmámy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмі",
"roman": "tʹmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмах",
"roman": "tʹmax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тьмо",
"roman": "tʹmo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "тьми",
"roman": "tʹmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "тьма<*>"
},
"expansion": "тьма • (tʹma) f inan (genitive тьми, nominative plural тьми, genitive plural тем)",
"name": "uk-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "тьма<*>"
},
"name": "uk-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ukrainian countable nouns",
"Ukrainian terms with historical senses"
],
"glosses": [
"ten thousand"
],
"links": [
[
"ten thousand",
"ten thousand"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical, countable) ten thousand"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ukrainian colloquialisms",
"Ukrainian uncountable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"ton (large amount of something)"
],
"links": [
[
"ton",
"ton"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively, colloquial, uncountable) ton (large amount of something)"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"figuratively",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tʲma]"
},
{
"audio": "Uk-тьма.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/71/Uk-%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B0.ogg/Uk-%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B0.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/71/Uk-%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B0.ogg"
}
],
"word": "тьма"
}
Download raw JSONL data for тьма meaning in All languages combined (37.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (bcd5c38 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.