See 鞏 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSONL data for 鞏 meaning in 漢語 (8.1kB)
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "上古漢語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "中古漢語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "吳語動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "吳語專有名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "吳語形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "吳語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "官話動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "官話專有名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "官話形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "官話詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "形聲漢字",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有國際音標的漢語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "泉漳話動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "泉漳話專有名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "泉漳話形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "泉漳話詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "漢字",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "漢語動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "漢語專有名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "漢語形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "漢語漢字",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "漢語紅鏈",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "漢語紅鏈/m",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "漢語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "粵語動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "粵語專有名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "粵語形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "粵語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_text": "同聲符字（工 (鄭張尚芳 (2003)) )\n形聲漢字（OC *koŋʔ）：聲符 巩 (OC *koŋʔ) + 意符 革 。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "巩",
"tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "𩊳"
},
{
"form": "𠔣"
}
],
"lang": "漢語",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "soft-redirect",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"以皮革綑束東西"
],
"id": "zh-鞏-zh-soft-redirect-AAgL-~th"
},
{
"glosses": [
"牢固"
],
"id": "zh-鞏-zh-soft-redirect-56HA5Ish"
},
{
"glosses": [
"堅固，穩固"
],
"id": "zh-鞏-zh-soft-redirect-uarD18je"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "泉漳漢語",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"以水泥或磚頭砌磚、砌牆等"
],
"id": "zh-鞏-zh-soft-redirect-QAqJoe4Z",
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "栱"
}
],
"glosses": [
"^† 栱 (“支柱”)的另一種寫法"
],
"id": "zh-鞏-zh-soft-redirect-hd1wuXVo",
"tags": [
"alt-of"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "恐"
}
],
"glosses": [
"^† 恐的另一種寫法"
],
"id": "zh-鞏-zh-soft-redirect-B7U2UXCc",
"tags": [
"alt-of"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有歷史詞義的漢語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"(～國) 巩国 （中國歷史上春秋時期的一個小諸侯國，位於現今河南省鞏義市孝義鎮康店村）"
],
"id": "zh-鞏-zh-soft-redirect-ReA0PdVn",
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有歷史詞義的漢語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"(～縣) 鞏縣 （位於現今河南省鄭州市鞏義市）"
],
"id": "zh-鞏-zh-soft-redirect-K2rBaUj2",
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有歷史詞義的漢語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"(～州) 唐朝設置的羈縻州 （位於現今四川省珙縣南）"
],
"id": "zh-鞏-zh-soft-redirect-VUe0~zYf",
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有歷史詞義的漢語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"(～州) 北宋到金朝設置的州 （位於現今甘肅省隴西縣）"
],
"id": "zh-鞏-zh-soft-redirect-zypY1LVp",
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有使用例的官話詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "漢語姓氏",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"roman": "Gǒng Lì",
"tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"text": "鞏俐"
},
{
"roman": "Gǒng Lì",
"tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"text": "巩俐"
}
],
"glosses": [
"姓氏"
],
"id": "zh-鞏-zh-soft-redirect-uF8m3xJp"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "gǒng (gong³)"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"注音"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄍㄨㄥˇ"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"粵語",
"粵拼"
],
"zh_pron": "gung²"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話，白話字"
],
"zh_pron": "khióng / kióng / khōng"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"吳語",
"上海，吳語學堂拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "⁵kon"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"現代標準漢語",
"拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "gǒng"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"現代標準漢語",
"注音"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄍㄨㄥˇ"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"現代標準漢語",
"通用拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "gǒng"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"現代標準漢語",
"威妥瑪拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "kung³"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"現代標準漢語",
"耶魯官話拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "gǔng"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"現代標準漢語",
"國語羅馬字"
],
"zh_pron": "goong"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"現代標準漢語",
"西里爾字母轉寫"
],
"zh_pron": "гун (gun)"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʊŋ²¹⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"現代標準漢語",
"漢語國際音標"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"粵語",
"標準粵語，廣州–香港話",
"粵拼"
],
"zh_pron": "gung²"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"粵語",
"標準粵語，廣州–香港話",
"耶魯粵拼"
],
"zh_pron": "gúng"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"粵語",
"標準粵語，廣州–香港話",
"廣州話拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "gung²"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"粵語",
"標準粵語，廣州–香港話",
"廣東拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "gung²"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʊŋ³⁵/",
"raw_tags": [
"粵語",
"標準粵語，廣州–香港話",
"國際音標"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：廈門、泉州、漳州",
"白話字"
],
"zh_pron": "khióng"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：廈門、泉州、漳州",
"臺羅"
],
"zh_pron": "khióng"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：廈門、泉州、漳州",
"普實台文"
],
"zh_pron": "qiorng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɔŋ⁵³/",
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：廈門、泉州、漳州",
"國際音標 (廈門, 漳州"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：廈門、泉州、漳州",
"國際音標 (泉州"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：臺灣話（常用）",
"白話字"
],
"zh_pron": "kióng"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：臺灣話（常用）",
"臺羅"
],
"zh_pron": "kióng"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：臺灣話（常用）",
"普實台文"
],
"zh_pron": "kiorng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁵³/",
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：臺灣話（常用）",
"國際音標 (臺北"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁴¹/",
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：臺灣話（常用）",
"國際音標 (高雄"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：臺灣話（常用）",
"白話字"
],
"zh_pron": "khōng"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：臺灣話（常用）",
"臺羅"
],
"zh_pron": "khōng"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：臺灣話（常用）",
"普實台文"
],
"zh_pron": "qong"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔŋ³³/",
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：臺灣話（常用）",
"國際音標 (臺北, 高雄"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"吳語",
"太湖片：上海",
"吳語學堂拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "⁵kon"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"吳語",
"太湖片：上海",
"吳音小字典"
],
"zh_pron": "kon^去"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"吳語",
"太湖片：上海",
"維基詞典羅馬化 (上海話"
],
"zh_pron": "²kon"
},
{
"ipa": "/koŋ³⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"吳語",
"太湖片：上海",
"國際音標 (上海"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"中古漢語"
],
"zh_pron": "kjowngX"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"上古",
"白–沙"
],
"zh_pron": "/*k(r)oŋʔ/"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"上古",
"鄭張"
],
"zh_pron": "/*koŋʔ/"
}
],
"word": "鞏"
}
{
"categories": [
"上古漢語詞元",
"中古漢語詞元",
"吳語動詞",
"吳語專有名詞",
"吳語形容詞",
"吳語詞元",
"官話動詞",
"官話專有名詞",
"官話形容詞",
"官話詞元",
"形聲漢字",
"有國際音標的漢語詞",
"泉漳話動詞",
"泉漳話專有名詞",
"泉漳話形容詞",
"泉漳話詞元",
"漢字",
"漢語動詞",
"漢語專有名詞",
"漢語形容詞",
"漢語漢字",
"漢語紅鏈",
"漢語紅鏈/m",
"漢語詞元",
"粵語動詞",
"粵語專有名詞",
"粵語形容詞",
"粵語詞元"
],
"etymology_text": "同聲符字（工 (鄭張尚芳 (2003)) )\n形聲漢字（OC *koŋʔ）：聲符 巩 (OC *koŋʔ) + 意符 革 。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "巩",
"tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "𩊳"
},
{
"form": "𠔣"
}
],
"lang": "漢語",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "soft-redirect",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"以皮革綑束東西"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"牢固"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"堅固，穩固"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"泉漳漢語"
],
"glosses": [
"以水泥或磚頭砌磚、砌牆等"
],
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "栱"
}
],
"glosses": [
"^† 栱 (“支柱”)的另一種寫法"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "恐"
}
],
"glosses": [
"^† 恐的另一種寫法"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"有歷史詞義的漢語詞"
],
"glosses": [
"(～國) 巩国 （中國歷史上春秋時期的一個小諸侯國，位於現今河南省鞏義市孝義鎮康店村）"
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"有歷史詞義的漢語詞"
],
"glosses": [
"(～縣) 鞏縣 （位於現今河南省鄭州市鞏義市）"
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"有歷史詞義的漢語詞"
],
"glosses": [
"(～州) 唐朝設置的羈縻州 （位於現今四川省珙縣南）"
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"有歷史詞義的漢語詞"
],
"glosses": [
"(～州) 北宋到金朝設置的州 （位於現今甘肅省隴西縣）"
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"有使用例的官話詞",
"漢語姓氏"
],
"examples": [
{
"roman": "Gǒng Lì",
"tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"text": "鞏俐"
},
{
"roman": "Gǒng Lì",
"tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"text": "巩俐"
}
],
"glosses": [
"姓氏"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "gǒng (gong³)"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"注音"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄍㄨㄥˇ"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"粵語",
"粵拼"
],
"zh_pron": "gung²"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話，白話字"
],
"zh_pron": "khióng / kióng / khōng"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"吳語",
"上海，吳語學堂拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "⁵kon"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"現代標準漢語",
"拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "gǒng"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"現代標準漢語",
"注音"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄍㄨㄥˇ"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"現代標準漢語",
"通用拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "gǒng"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"現代標準漢語",
"威妥瑪拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "kung³"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"現代標準漢語",
"耶魯官話拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "gǔng"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"現代標準漢語",
"國語羅馬字"
],
"zh_pron": "goong"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"現代標準漢語",
"西里爾字母轉寫"
],
"zh_pron": "гун (gun)"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʊŋ²¹⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"現代標準漢語",
"漢語國際音標"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"粵語",
"標準粵語，廣州–香港話",
"粵拼"
],
"zh_pron": "gung²"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"粵語",
"標準粵語，廣州–香港話",
"耶魯粵拼"
],
"zh_pron": "gúng"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"粵語",
"標準粵語，廣州–香港話",
"廣州話拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "gung²"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"粵語",
"標準粵語，廣州–香港話",
"廣東拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "gung²"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʊŋ³⁵/",
"raw_tags": [
"粵語",
"標準粵語，廣州–香港話",
"國際音標"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：廈門、泉州、漳州",
"白話字"
],
"zh_pron": "khióng"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：廈門、泉州、漳州",
"臺羅"
],
"zh_pron": "khióng"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：廈門、泉州、漳州",
"普實台文"
],
"zh_pron": "qiorng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɔŋ⁵³/",
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：廈門、泉州、漳州",
"國際音標 (廈門, 漳州"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：廈門、泉州、漳州",
"國際音標 (泉州"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：臺灣話（常用）",
"白話字"
],
"zh_pron": "kióng"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：臺灣話（常用）",
"臺羅"
],
"zh_pron": "kióng"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：臺灣話（常用）",
"普實台文"
],
"zh_pron": "kiorng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁵³/",
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：臺灣話（常用）",
"國際音標 (臺北"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁴¹/",
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：臺灣話（常用）",
"國際音標 (高雄"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：臺灣話（常用）",
"白話字"
],
"zh_pron": "khōng"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：臺灣話（常用）",
"臺羅"
],
"zh_pron": "khōng"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：臺灣話（常用）",
"普實台文"
],
"zh_pron": "qong"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔŋ³³/",
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：臺灣話（常用）",
"國際音標 (臺北, 高雄"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"吳語",
"太湖片：上海",
"吳語學堂拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "⁵kon"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"吳語",
"太湖片：上海",
"吳音小字典"
],
"zh_pron": "kon^去"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"吳語",
"太湖片：上海",
"維基詞典羅馬化 (上海話"
],
"zh_pron": "²kon"
},
{
"ipa": "/koŋ³⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"吳語",
"太湖片：上海",
"國際音標 (上海"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"中古漢語"
],
"zh_pron": "kjowngX"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"上古",
"白–沙"
],
"zh_pron": "/*k(r)oŋʔ/"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"上古",
"鄭張"
],
"zh_pron": "/*koŋʔ/"
}
],
"word": "鞏"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable 漢語 dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-08-17 from the zhwiktionary dump dated 2024-08-01 using wiktextract (c0bb286 and c9bbad3). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.