See hoá in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "hoá ra"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "hoá tệ học"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "hoá thạch"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "văn hoá"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
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"2": "化"
},
"expansion": "",
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},
{
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},
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"name": "vi-etym-sino"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 化.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hóa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
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"tr": ""
},
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"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "hoá",
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}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 16 14 24 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sino-Vietnamese words",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "to turn into",
"text": "hoá thành",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
3,
12
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "to be petrified",
"literal_meaning": "to turn into stone",
"text": "hoá đá",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
9,
13
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
16
]
],
"english": "The petrified woman / Waited for her husband for a thousand years, but that man never came back / And so she lived forever widowed.",
"ref": "(Can we date this quote?), Trần Lập, “Người đàn bà hoá đá [The Petrified Woman]”:",
"text": "Người đàn bà hoá đá / Chờ chồng nghìn năm, nhưng người đó đã không quay về / Để nàng sống góa thân mỏi mòn.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to turn (into)"
],
"id": "en-hoá-vi-verb--672M~aM",
"links": [
[
"turn",
"turn"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
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"parents": [],
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}
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[
25,
29
],
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85,
92
]
],
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24,
27
],
[
72,
75
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],
"english": "[…] both of them finally died in Kim Đường […]. A point of note is the date of their passing: the 11th day of the third month in the Chinese calendar, […]",
"ref": "1999, Đinh Văn Nhật, chapter 11, in Đối thoại sử học, NXB Thanh Niên, page 210:",
"text": "[…] sau cùng hai vị đều hoá ở đất Kim Đường[…]. Điểm đáng chú ý là ngày hoá: 11 tháng ba âm lịch,[…]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to bodily die and become a divinity (saint, Buddha…)"
],
"id": "en-hoá-vi-verb-~i~XSAKI",
"links": [
[
"die",
"die"
],
[
"divinity",
"divinity"
],
[
"saint",
"saint"
],
[
"Buddha",
"Buddha"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 15 5 6 67",
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
"_dis": "8 13 14 0 3 61",
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"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
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},
{
"_dis": "4 26 8 0 7 56",
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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{
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[
3,
7
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "to burn joss paper",
"text": "hóa vàng mã",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to burn"
],
"id": "en-hoá-vi-verb-rR54mkCl",
"links": [
[
"burn",
"burn"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[hwaː˧˦]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[hwaː˨˩˦]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[waː˦˥]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
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],
"word": "hoá"
}
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"alternative"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "suffix",
"head": ""
},
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},
{
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"expansion": "hoá",
"name": "vi-suffix"
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],
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"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 16 14 24 26",
"kind": "other",
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}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "chuyển hoá"
},
{
"word": "hủ hoá"
},
{
"word": "khai hoá"
},
{
"word": "tạo hoá"
},
{
"word": "thần thánh hoá"
},
{
"word": "tiêu hoá"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
9
]
],
"english": "to standardize",
"text": "chuẩn hoá",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
8
]
],
"english": "to Vietnamize",
"text": "Việt hoá",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
10
]
],
"english": "to romanize",
"text": "Latinh hoá",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
7
]
],
"english": "to nasalize",
"text": "mũi hoá",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-ize; -ise"
],
"id": "en-hoá-vi-suffix-z8avj43Z",
"links": [
[
"-ize",
"-ize#English"
],
[
"-ise",
"-ise#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[hwaː˧˦]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[hwaː˨˩˦]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[waː˦˥]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
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],
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},
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},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "hoá",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "chemistry",
"word": "hoá học"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Education",
"orig": "vi:Education",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
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},
{
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "địa hoá học"
},
{
"word": "điện hoá"
},
{
"word": "hoá học"
},
{
"word": "hoá sinh"
},
{
"word": "hoá sinh học"
},
{
"word": "hoá trị"
},
{
"word": "sinh hoá"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Clipping of hoá học (“chemistry”)."
],
"id": "en-hoá-vi-noun-lqfKg4T6",
"links": [
[
"education",
"education"
],
[
"hoá học",
"hoá học#Vietnamese"
],
[
"chemistry",
"chemistry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, education) Clipping of hoá học (“chemistry”)."
],
"related": [
{
"english": "geo",
"word": "địa"
},
{
"english": "phys",
"word": "lí"
},
{
"topics": [
"history",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
],
"word": "sử"
},
{
"topics": [
"literature",
"publishing",
"media"
],
"word": "văn"
}
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"clipping",
"colloquial"
],
"topics": [
"education"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[hwaː˧˦]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[hwaː˨˩˦]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[waː˦˥]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
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],
"word": "hoá"
}
{
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}
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"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sino-Vietnamese readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "hàng hoá"
},
{
"word": "hoá đơn"
},
{
"word": "tạp hoá"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Sino-Vietnamese reading of 貨 (“merchandise, goods”)."
],
"id": "en-hoá-vi-romanization-W3lWf-Xz",
"links": [
[
"Sino-Vietnamese",
"Sino-Vietnamese"
],
[
"貨",
"貨#Vietnamese"
]
],
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"romanization"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[hwaː˧˦]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[hwaː˨˩˦]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[waː˦˥]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
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],
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}
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"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese non-lemma forms",
"Vietnamese nouns",
"Vietnamese romanizations",
"Vietnamese suffixes",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Vietnamese verbs"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "hoá ra"
},
{
"word": "hoá tệ học"
},
{
"word": "hoá thạch"
},
{
"word": "văn hoá"
}
],
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}
],
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"forms": [
{
"form": "hóa",
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]
}
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},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "hoá",
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}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Requests for date",
"Vietnamese terms with quotations",
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "to turn into",
"text": "hoá thành",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
3,
12
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "to be petrified",
"literal_meaning": "to turn into stone",
"text": "hoá đá",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
9,
13
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
16
]
],
"english": "The petrified woman / Waited for her husband for a thousand years, but that man never came back / And so she lived forever widowed.",
"ref": "(Can we date this quote?), Trần Lập, “Người đàn bà hoá đá [The Petrified Woman]”:",
"text": "Người đàn bà hoá đá / Chờ chồng nghìn năm, nhưng người đó đã không quay về / Để nàng sống góa thân mỏi mòn.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to turn (into)"
],
"links": [
[
"turn",
"turn"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese terms with quotations"
],
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{
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25,
29
],
[
85,
92
]
],
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24,
27
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[
72,
75
]
],
"english": "[…] both of them finally died in Kim Đường […]. A point of note is the date of their passing: the 11th day of the third month in the Chinese calendar, […]",
"ref": "1999, Đinh Văn Nhật, chapter 11, in Đối thoại sử học, NXB Thanh Niên, page 210:",
"text": "[…] sau cùng hai vị đều hoá ở đất Kim Đường[…]. Điểm đáng chú ý là ngày hoá: 11 tháng ba âm lịch,[…]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to bodily die and become a divinity (saint, Buddha…)"
],
"links": [
[
"die",
"die"
],
[
"divinity",
"divinity"
],
[
"saint",
"saint"
],
[
"Buddha",
"Buddha"
]
]
},
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],
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{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
3,
7
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
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0,
3
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],
"english": "to burn joss paper",
"text": "hóa vàng mã",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to burn"
],
"links": [
[
"burn",
"burn"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[hwaː˧˦]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[hwaː˨˩˦]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[waː˦˥]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
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}
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"Vietnamese non-lemma forms",
"Vietnamese nouns",
"Vietnamese romanizations",
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"Vietnamese verbs"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "chuyển hoá"
},
{
"word": "hủ hoá"
},
{
"word": "khai hoá"
},
{
"word": "tạo hoá"
},
{
"word": "thần thánh hoá"
},
{
"word": "tiêu hoá"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "化"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "化"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 化",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 化.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hóa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "suffix",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "hoá",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "hoá",
"name": "vi-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
9
]
],
"english": "to standardize",
"text": "chuẩn hoá",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
8
]
],
"english": "to Vietnamize",
"text": "Việt hoá",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
10
]
],
"english": "to romanize",
"text": "Latinh hoá",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
7
]
],
"english": "to nasalize",
"text": "mũi hoá",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-ize; -ise"
],
"links": [
[
"-ize",
"-ize#English"
],
[
"-ise",
"-ise#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[hwaː˧˦]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[hwaː˨˩˦]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[waː˦˥]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-hoá.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "hoá"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Sino-Vietnamese words",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese non-lemma forms",
"Vietnamese nouns",
"Vietnamese romanizations",
"Vietnamese suffixes",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Vietnamese verbs"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "địa hoá học"
},
{
"word": "điện hoá"
},
{
"word": "hoá học"
},
{
"word": "hoá sinh"
},
{
"word": "hoá sinh học"
},
{
"word": "hoá trị"
},
{
"word": "sinh hoá"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "化"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "化"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 化",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 化.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hóa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "hoá",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "hoá",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "geo",
"word": "địa"
},
{
"english": "phys",
"word": "lí"
},
{
"topics": [
"history",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
],
"word": "sử"
},
{
"topics": [
"literature",
"publishing",
"media"
],
"word": "văn"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "chemistry",
"word": "hoá học"
}
],
"categories": [
"Vietnamese clippings",
"Vietnamese colloquialisms",
"vi:Education"
],
"glosses": [
"Clipping of hoá học (“chemistry”)."
],
"links": [
[
"education",
"education"
],
[
"hoá học",
"hoá học#Vietnamese"
],
[
"chemistry",
"chemistry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, education) Clipping of hoá học (“chemistry”)."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"clipping",
"colloquial"
],
"topics": [
"education"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[hwaː˧˦]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[hwaː˨˩˦]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[waː˦˥]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-hoá.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "hoá"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese non-lemma forms",
"Vietnamese romanizations",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "hàng hoá"
},
{
"word": "hoá đơn"
},
{
"word": "tạp hoá"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "hóa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "romanization"
},
"expansion": "hoá",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Sino-Vietnamese readings"
],
"glosses": [
"Sino-Vietnamese reading of 貨 (“merchandise, goods”)."
],
"links": [
[
"Sino-Vietnamese",
"Sino-Vietnamese"
],
[
"貨",
"貨#Vietnamese"
]
],
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[hwaː˧˦]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[hwaː˨˩˦]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[waː˦˥]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-hoá.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "hoá"
}
Download raw JSONL data for hoá meaning in Vietnamese (9.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Vietnamese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (aeaf2a1 and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.