"hoá" meaning in All languages combined

See hoá on Wiktionary

Affix [Vietnamese]

IPA: [hwaː˧˦] [Hà-Nội], [hwaː˨˩˦] [Huế], [waː˦˥] [Hồ-Chí-Minh-City] Audio: LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-hoá.wav [Hà-Nội]
Etymology: Sino-Vietnamese word from 貨. Etymology templates: {{m|vi|貨|t=}} 貨, {{categorize|vi|Sino-Vietnamese words}}, {{vi-etym-sino|貨}} Sino-Vietnamese word from 貨 Head templates: {{head|vi|affix}} hoá
  1. merchandise; goods Derived forms: hàng hoá, hoá đơn, tạp hoá
    Sense id: en-hoá-vi-affix-Wlknrsr5 Categories (other): Sino-Vietnamese words, Vietnamese affixes Disambiguation of Sino-Vietnamese words: 52 35 13 0 Disambiguation of Vietnamese affixes: 47 42 6 5
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: hóa
Etymology number: 2

Noun [Vietnamese]

IPA: [hwaː˧˦] [Hà-Nội], [hwaː˨˩˦] [Huế], [waː˦˥] [Hồ-Chí-Minh-City] Audio: LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-hoá.wav [Hà-Nội]
Etymology: Sino-Vietnamese word from 化. Etymology templates: {{m|vi|化|t=}} 化, {{categorize|vi|Sino-Vietnamese words}}, {{vi-etym-sino|化}} Sino-Vietnamese word from 化 Head templates: {{head|vi|noun|||head=|tr=}} hoá, {{vi-noun}} hoá
  1. (colloquial, education) Clipping of hoá học (“chemistry”). Tags: abbreviation, alt-of, clipping, colloquial Alternative form of: hoá học (extra: chemistry) Categories (topical): Education Related terms: địa (english: geo), (english: phys), sử [history, human-sciences, sciences], văn [literature, publishing, media]
    Sense id: en-hoá-vi-noun-lqfKg4T6 Categories (other): Vietnamese affixes, Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header, Vietnamese nouns without classifiers Disambiguation of Vietnamese affixes: 47 42 6 5 Disambiguation of Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header: 31 62 4 4 Disambiguation of Vietnamese nouns without classifiers: 74 0 26 Topics: education
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: hóa
Etymology number: 1

Suffix [Vietnamese]

IPA: [hwaː˧˦] [Hà-Nội], [hwaː˨˩˦] [Huế], [waː˦˥] [Hồ-Chí-Minh-City] Audio: LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-hoá.wav [Hà-Nội]
Etymology: Sino-Vietnamese word from 化. Etymology templates: {{m|vi|化|t=}} 化, {{categorize|vi|Sino-Vietnamese words}}, {{vi-etym-sino|化}} Sino-Vietnamese word from 化 Head templates: {{head|vi|suffix|head=}} hoá, {{vi-suffix}} hoá
  1. -ize; -ise Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-hoá-vi-suffix-z8avj43Z
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: hóa
Etymology number: 1

Verb [Vietnamese]

IPA: [hwaː˧˦] [Hà-Nội], [hwaː˨˩˦] [Huế], [waː˦˥] [Hồ-Chí-Minh-City] Audio: LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-hoá.wav [Hà-Nội]
Etymology: Sino-Vietnamese word from 化. Etymology templates: {{m|vi|化|t=}} 化, {{categorize|vi|Sino-Vietnamese words}}, {{vi-etym-sino|化}} Sino-Vietnamese word from 化 Head templates: {{head|vi|verb|||head=|tr=}} hoá, {{vi-verb}} hoá
  1. to turn (into)
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: hóa
Etymology number: 1

Download JSON data for hoá meaning in All languages combined (8.9kB)

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "化",
        "t": ""
      },
      "expansion": "化",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "categorize"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "化"
      },
      "expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 化",
      "name": "vi-etym-sino"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 化.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "hoá",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "hoá",
      "name": "vi-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "bình thường hoá"
        },
        {
          "word": "chuyển hoá"
        },
        {
          "word": "công nghiệp hoá"
        },
        {
          "word": "cường hoá"
        },
        {
          "word": "dân chủ hoá"
        },
        {
          "word": "địa hoá học"
        },
        {
          "word": "điện hoá"
        },
        {
          "word": "hoá học"
        },
        {
          "word": "hoá ra"
        },
        {
          "word": "hoá sinh học"
        },
        {
          "word": "hoá tệ học"
        },
        {
          "word": "hoá thạch"
        },
        {
          "word": "hoá trị"
        },
        {
          "word": "hoang mạc hoá"
        },
        {
          "word": "hợp pháp hoá"
        },
        {
          "word": "hủ hoá"
        },
        {
          "word": "ion hoá"
        },
        {
          "word": "khai hoá"
        },
        {
          "word": "mã hoá"
        },
        {
          "word": "nhân hoá"
        },
        {
          "word": "quốc hữu hoá"
        },
        {
          "word": "sa mạc hoá"
        },
        {
          "word": "tạo hoá"
        },
        {
          "word": "thần thánh hoá"
        },
        {
          "word": "thoái hoá"
        },
        {
          "word": "thuần hoá"
        },
        {
          "word": "thực dân hoá"
        },
        {
          "word": "tiêu chuẩn hoá"
        },
        {
          "word": "tiêu hoá"
        },
        {
          "word": "toàn cầu hoá"
        },
        {
          "word": "Trung Quốc hoá"
        },
        {
          "word": "tự động hoá"
        },
        {
          "word": "văn hoá"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to turn into",
          "text": "hoá thành",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to be (literally) petrified; to turn into stone",
          "text": "hoá đá",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "The petrified woman\nWaited for her husband for a thousand years, but that man never came back\nAnd so she lived forever widowed.\nThe petrified woman\nRemained faithful till the bitter end\nAnd her story will always live on.",
          "ref": "(Can we date this quote?), Trần Lập (lyrics and music), “Người đàn bà hoá đá [The Petrified Woman]”",
          "roman": "Câu chuyện đó sẽ mãi lưu truyền đến mai sau.",
          "text": "Người đàn bà hoá đá\nChờ chồng nghìn năm, nhưng người đó đã không quay về\nĐể nàng sống góa thân mỏi mòn.\nNgười đàn bà hóa đá\nVì lòng thủy chung còn sắt son",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to turn (into)"
      ],
      "id": "en-hoá-vi-verb--672M~aM",
      "links": [
        [
          "turn",
          "turn"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[hwaː˧˦]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[hwaː˨˩˦]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[waː˦˥]",
      "tags": [
        "Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-hoá.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav.mp3",
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      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Hà Nội)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "hóa"
    }
  ],
  "word": "hoá"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "化",
        "t": ""
      },
      "expansion": "化",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "categorize"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "化"
      },
      "expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 化",
      "name": "vi-etym-sino"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 化.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "suffix",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "hoá",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "hoá",
      "name": "vi-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "chuẩn hoá ― to standardize",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "Việt hoá ― to Vietnamize",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "Latinh hoá ― to romanize",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "mũi hoá ― to nasalize",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "-ize; -ise"
      ],
      "id": "en-hoá-vi-suffix-z8avj43Z",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ize",
          "-ize#English"
        ],
        [
          "-ise",
          "-ise#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[hwaː˧˦]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[hwaː˨˩˦]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[waː˦˥]",
      "tags": [
        "Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-hoá.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Hà Nội)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "hóa"
    }
  ],
  "word": "hoá"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
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      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "化",
        "t": ""
      },
      "expansion": "化",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "categorize"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "化"
      },
      "expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 化",
      "name": "vi-etym-sino"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 化.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "hoá",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "hoá",
      "name": "vi-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "chemistry",
          "word": "hoá học"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "vi",
          "name": "Education",
          "orig": "vi:Education",
          "parents": [
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 42 6 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese affixes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 62 4 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "74 0 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese nouns without classifiers",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Clipping of hoá học (“chemistry”)."
      ],
      "id": "en-hoá-vi-noun-lqfKg4T6",
      "links": [
        [
          "education",
          "education"
        ],
        [
          "hoá học",
          "hoá học#Vietnamese"
        ],
        [
          "chemistry",
          "chemistry"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial, education) Clipping of hoá học (“chemistry”)."
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "english": "geo",
          "word": "địa"
        },
        {
          "english": "phys",
          "word": "lí"
        },
        {
          "topics": [
            "history",
            "human-sciences",
            "sciences"
          ],
          "word": "sử"
        },
        {
          "topics": [
            "literature",
            "publishing",
            "media"
          ],
          "word": "văn"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of",
        "clipping",
        "colloquial"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "education"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[hwaː˧˦]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[hwaː˨˩˦]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[waː˦˥]",
      "tags": [
        "Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-hoá.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav.mp3",
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      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Hà Nội)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "hóa"
    }
  ],
  "word": "hoá"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
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        "2": "貨",
        "t": ""
      },
      "expansion": "貨",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "categorize"
    },
    {
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        "1": "貨"
      },
      "expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 貨",
      "name": "vi-etym-sino"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 貨.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "affix"
      },
      "expansion": "hoá",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "affix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "52 35 13 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sino-Vietnamese words",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 42 6 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese affixes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "hàng hoá"
        },
        {
          "word": "hoá đơn"
        },
        {
          "word": "tạp hoá"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "merchandise; goods"
      ],
      "id": "en-hoá-vi-affix-Wlknrsr5",
      "links": [
        [
          "merchandise",
          "merchandise"
        ],
        [
          "goods",
          "goods"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[hwaː˧˦]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[hwaː˨˩˦]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[waː˦˥]",
      "tags": [
        "Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-hoá.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Hà Nội)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "hóa"
    }
  ],
  "word": "hoá"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Sino-Vietnamese words",
    "Vietnamese affixes",
    "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Vietnamese lemmas",
    "Vietnamese nouns",
    "Vietnamese nouns without classifiers",
    "Vietnamese suffixes",
    "Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Vietnamese terms with audio links",
    "Vietnamese verbs"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "bình thường hoá"
    },
    {
      "word": "chuyển hoá"
    },
    {
      "word": "công nghiệp hoá"
    },
    {
      "word": "cường hoá"
    },
    {
      "word": "dân chủ hoá"
    },
    {
      "word": "địa hoá học"
    },
    {
      "word": "điện hoá"
    },
    {
      "word": "hoá học"
    },
    {
      "word": "hoá ra"
    },
    {
      "word": "hoá sinh học"
    },
    {
      "word": "hoá tệ học"
    },
    {
      "word": "hoá thạch"
    },
    {
      "word": "hoá trị"
    },
    {
      "word": "hoang mạc hoá"
    },
    {
      "word": "hợp pháp hoá"
    },
    {
      "word": "hủ hoá"
    },
    {
      "word": "ion hoá"
    },
    {
      "word": "khai hoá"
    },
    {
      "word": "mã hoá"
    },
    {
      "word": "nhân hoá"
    },
    {
      "word": "quốc hữu hoá"
    },
    {
      "word": "sa mạc hoá"
    },
    {
      "word": "tạo hoá"
    },
    {
      "word": "thần thánh hoá"
    },
    {
      "word": "thoái hoá"
    },
    {
      "word": "thuần hoá"
    },
    {
      "word": "thực dân hoá"
    },
    {
      "word": "tiêu chuẩn hoá"
    },
    {
      "word": "tiêu hoá"
    },
    {
      "word": "toàn cầu hoá"
    },
    {
      "word": "Trung Quốc hoá"
    },
    {
      "word": "tự động hoá"
    },
    {
      "word": "văn hoá"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "化",
        "t": ""
      },
      "expansion": "化",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "categorize"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "化"
      },
      "expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 化",
      "name": "vi-etym-sino"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 化.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "hoá",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "hoá",
      "name": "vi-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Requests for date",
        "Vietnamese terms with quotations",
        "Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to turn into",
          "text": "hoá thành",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to be (literally) petrified; to turn into stone",
          "text": "hoá đá",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "The petrified woman\nWaited for her husband for a thousand years, but that man never came back\nAnd so she lived forever widowed.\nThe petrified woman\nRemained faithful till the bitter end\nAnd her story will always live on.",
          "ref": "(Can we date this quote?), Trần Lập (lyrics and music), “Người đàn bà hoá đá [The Petrified Woman]”",
          "roman": "Câu chuyện đó sẽ mãi lưu truyền đến mai sau.",
          "text": "Người đàn bà hoá đá\nChờ chồng nghìn năm, nhưng người đó đã không quay về\nĐể nàng sống góa thân mỏi mòn.\nNgười đàn bà hóa đá\nVì lòng thủy chung còn sắt son",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to turn (into)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "turn",
          "turn"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[hwaː˧˦]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[hwaː˨˩˦]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[waː˦˥]",
      "tags": [
        "Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-hoá.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Hà Nội)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "hóa"
    }
  ],
  "word": "hoá"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Sino-Vietnamese words",
    "Vietnamese affixes",
    "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Vietnamese lemmas",
    "Vietnamese nouns",
    "Vietnamese nouns without classifiers",
    "Vietnamese suffixes",
    "Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Vietnamese terms with audio links",
    "Vietnamese verbs"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "化",
        "t": ""
      },
      "expansion": "化",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "categorize"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "化"
      },
      "expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 化",
      "name": "vi-etym-sino"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 化.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "suffix",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "hoá",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "hoá",
      "name": "vi-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "chuẩn hoá ― to standardize",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "Việt hoá ― to Vietnamize",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "Latinh hoá ― to romanize",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "mũi hoá ― to nasalize",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "-ize; -ise"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "-ize",
          "-ize#English"
        ],
        [
          "-ise",
          "-ise#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[hwaː˧˦]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[hwaː˨˩˦]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[waː˦˥]",
      "tags": [
        "Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-hoá.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Hà Nội)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "hóa"
    }
  ],
  "word": "hoá"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Sino-Vietnamese words",
    "Vietnamese affixes",
    "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Vietnamese lemmas",
    "Vietnamese nouns",
    "Vietnamese nouns without classifiers",
    "Vietnamese suffixes",
    "Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Vietnamese terms with audio links",
    "Vietnamese verbs"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "化",
        "t": ""
      },
      "expansion": "化",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "categorize"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "化"
      },
      "expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 化",
      "name": "vi-etym-sino"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 化.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "hoá",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "hoá",
      "name": "vi-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "geo",
      "word": "địa"
    },
    {
      "english": "phys",
      "word": "lí"
    },
    {
      "topics": [
        "history",
        "human-sciences",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "word": "sử"
    },
    {
      "topics": [
        "literature",
        "publishing",
        "media"
      ],
      "word": "văn"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "chemistry",
          "word": "hoá học"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Vietnamese clippings",
        "Vietnamese colloquialisms",
        "vi:Education"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Clipping of hoá học (“chemistry”)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "education",
          "education"
        ],
        [
          "hoá học",
          "hoá học#Vietnamese"
        ],
        [
          "chemistry",
          "chemistry"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial, education) Clipping of hoá học (“chemistry”)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of",
        "clipping",
        "colloquial"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "education"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[hwaː˧˦]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[hwaː˨˩˦]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[waː˦˥]",
      "tags": [
        "Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-hoá.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Hà Nội)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "hóa"
    }
  ],
  "word": "hoá"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Sino-Vietnamese words",
    "Vietnamese affixes",
    "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Vietnamese lemmas",
    "Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Vietnamese terms with audio links"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "hàng hoá"
    },
    {
      "word": "hoá đơn"
    },
    {
      "word": "tạp hoá"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "貨",
        "t": ""
      },
      "expansion": "貨",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "categorize"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "貨"
      },
      "expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 貨",
      "name": "vi-etym-sino"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 貨.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "affix"
      },
      "expansion": "hoá",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "affix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "merchandise; goods"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "merchandise",
          "merchandise"
        ],
        [
          "goods",
          "goods"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[hwaː˧˦]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[hwaː˨˩˦]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[waː˦˥]",
      "tags": [
        "Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-hoá.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ho%C3%A1.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Hà Nội)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "hóa"
    }
  ],
  "word": "hoá"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.