See swart in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "sweart"
},
"expansion": "Old English: sweart, swart, swært\nMiddle English: swart\nEnglish: swart, swarth\nScots: swart",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: sweart, swart, swært\nMiddle English: swart\nEnglish: swart, swarth\nScots: swart"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "swart",
"3": "swert"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: swart, swert",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: swart, swert"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "suart",
"3": "suurt"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian: suart, suurt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Frisian: suart, suurt"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "swot",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: swot, swoot",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: swot, swoot"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "swart"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: swart",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: swart"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "swart"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: swart\nMiddle Low German: swart\nLow German:\nGerman Low German: swart, schwart\nHamburgisch: swatt\nWestphalian:\nMünsterländisch: swatt\nPaderbornisch: schwart\nLippisch: schwart\nRavensbergisch: swārt, swat\nSauerländisch: schwart, schwatt, schwuat, schwoart, schwuart, schwoert\nWestmünsterländisch: schwatt, schwott, schwart\n→ German: schwatt\nPlautdietsch: schwoat\n→ Danish: sværte (“black dye”)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: swart\nMiddle Low German: swart\nLow German:\nGerman Low German: swart, schwart\nHamburgisch: swatt\nWestphalian:\nMünsterländisch: swatt\nPaderbornisch: schwart\nLippisch: schwart\nRavensbergisch: swārt, swat\nSauerländisch: schwart, schwatt, schwuat, schwoart, schwuart, schwoert\nWestmünsterländisch: schwatt, schwott, schwart\n→ German: schwatt\nPlautdietsch: schwoat\n→ Danish: sværte (“black dye”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*swart"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *swart",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *swart"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "swart"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: swart\nDutch: zwart\nAfrikaans: swart\nLimburgish: zwart\nWest Flemish: zwort",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: swart\nDutch: zwart\nAfrikaans: swart\nLimburgish: zwart\nWest Flemish: zwort"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "swarz"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: swarz\nMiddle High German: swarz\nAlemannic German:\nAlsatian: schwàrz\nSwabian: schwardds\nBavarian: schwoarz\nCimbrian: sbartz\nMòcheno: schbòrz\nCentral Franconian: schwatz, zjwats\nHunsrik: schwarz\nGerman: schwarz\nLuxembourgish: schwaarz\nRhine Franconian:\nHessian: schwoaz\nPennsylvania German: schwatz\nVilamovian: świöc\nYiddish: שוואַרץ (shvarts)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: swarz\nMiddle High German: swarz\nAlemannic German:\nAlsatian: schwàrz\nSwabian: schwardds\nBavarian: schwoarz\nCimbrian: sbartz\nMòcheno: schbòrz\nCentral Franconian: schwatz, zjwats\nHunsrik: schwarz\nGerman: schwarz\nLuxembourgish: schwaarz\nRhine Franconian:\nHessian: schwoaz\nPennsylvania German: schwatz\nVilamovian: świöc\nYiddish: שוואַרץ (shvarts)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*swartaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *swartaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *swartaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "swart",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swartu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swart",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swartanā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swartā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swart",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swartas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swarteʀā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swartas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swartumē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swarteʀē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swartumē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swartu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swarteʀu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swartu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swartē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swartō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swartu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swartā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swartā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swartu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swarteʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swarteʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swarteʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swartēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swartum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swartēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swartum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swartēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swartum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swartēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swartum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swartēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swartum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swartēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swartum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "*swart",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/swart",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "swartēn"
},
{
"word": "swartijan"
},
{
"word": "swartōn"
}
],
"glosses": [
"black"
],
"id": "en-swart-gmw-pro-adj-wAbH46sU",
"links": [
[
"black",
"black"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "blaik"
},
{
"word": "blank"
},
{
"word": "hwīt"
},
{
"word": "blas"
},
{
"word": "falu"
},
{
"word": "grāu"
},
{
"word": "hasu"
},
{
"word": "grīs"
},
{
"word": "hair"
},
{
"word": "blak"
},
{
"word": "swart"
},
{
"word": "raud"
},
{
"word": "brūn"
},
{
"word": "erp"
},
{
"word": "dunn"
},
{
"word": "dusn"
},
{
"word": "gelu"
},
{
"word": "grōnī"
},
{
"word": "blāu"
},
{
"word": "purpurā"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "swart"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "swartēn"
},
{
"word": "swartijan"
},
{
"word": "swartōn"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "sweart"
},
"expansion": "Old English: sweart, swart, swært\nMiddle English: swart\nEnglish: swart, swarth\nScots: swart",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: sweart, swart, swært\nMiddle English: swart\nEnglish: swart, swarth\nScots: swart"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "swart",
"3": "swert"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: swart, swert",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: swart, swert"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "suart",
"3": "suurt"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian: suart, suurt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Frisian: suart, suurt"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "swot",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: swot, swoot",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: swot, swoot"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "swart"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: swart",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: swart"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "swart"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: swart\nMiddle Low German: swart\nLow German:\nGerman Low German: swart, schwart\nHamburgisch: swatt\nWestphalian:\nMünsterländisch: swatt\nPaderbornisch: schwart\nLippisch: schwart\nRavensbergisch: swārt, swat\nSauerländisch: schwart, schwatt, schwuat, schwoart, schwuart, schwoert\nWestmünsterländisch: schwatt, schwott, schwart\n→ German: schwatt\nPlautdietsch: schwoat\n→ Danish: sværte (“black dye”)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: swart\nMiddle Low German: swart\nLow German:\nGerman Low German: swart, schwart\nHamburgisch: swatt\nWestphalian:\nMünsterländisch: swatt\nPaderbornisch: schwart\nLippisch: schwart\nRavensbergisch: swārt, swat\nSauerländisch: schwart, schwatt, schwuat, schwoart, schwuart, schwoert\nWestmünsterländisch: schwatt, schwott, schwart\n→ German: schwatt\nPlautdietsch: schwoat\n→ Danish: sværte (“black dye”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*swart"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *swart",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *swart"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "swart"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: swart\nDutch: zwart\nAfrikaans: swart\nLimburgish: zwart\nWest Flemish: zwort",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: swart\nDutch: zwart\nAfrikaans: swart\nLimburgish: zwart\nWest Flemish: zwort"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "swarz"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: swarz\nMiddle High German: swarz\nAlemannic German:\nAlsatian: schwàrz\nSwabian: schwardds\nBavarian: schwoarz\nCimbrian: sbartz\nMòcheno: schbòrz\nCentral Franconian: schwatz, zjwats\nHunsrik: schwarz\nGerman: schwarz\nLuxembourgish: schwaarz\nRhine Franconian:\nHessian: schwoaz\nPennsylvania German: schwatz\nVilamovian: świöc\nYiddish: שוואַרץ (shvarts)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: swarz\nMiddle High German: swarz\nAlemannic German:\nAlsatian: schwàrz\nSwabian: schwardds\nBavarian: schwoarz\nCimbrian: sbartz\nMòcheno: schbòrz\nCentral Franconian: schwatz, zjwats\nHunsrik: schwarz\nGerman: schwarz\nLuxembourgish: schwaarz\nRhine Franconian:\nHessian: schwoaz\nPennsylvania German: schwatz\nVilamovian: świöc\nYiddish: שוואַרץ (shvarts)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*swartaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *swartaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *swartaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "swart",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swartu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swart",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swartanā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swartā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swart",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swartas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swarteʀā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swartas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swartumē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swarteʀē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swartumē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swartu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swarteʀu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swartu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swartē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swartō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swartu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swartā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swartā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swartu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swarteʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swarteʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swarteʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swartēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swartum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swartēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swartum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swartēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swartum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swartēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swartum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swartēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swartum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swartēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swartum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "*swart",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/swart",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "blaik"
},
{
"word": "blank"
},
{
"word": "hwīt"
},
{
"word": "blas"
},
{
"word": "falu"
},
{
"word": "grāu"
},
{
"word": "hasu"
},
{
"word": "grīs"
},
{
"word": "hair"
},
{
"word": "blak"
},
{
"word": "swart"
},
{
"word": "raud"
},
{
"word": "brūn"
},
{
"word": "erp"
},
{
"word": "dunn"
},
{
"word": "dusn"
},
{
"word": "gelu"
},
{
"word": "grōnī"
},
{
"word": "blāu"
},
{
"word": "purpurā"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic a-stem adjectives",
"Proto-West Germanic adjectives",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"gmw-pro:Colors"
],
"glosses": [
"black"
],
"links": [
[
"black",
"black"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "swart"
}
Download raw JSONL data for swart meaning in Proto-West Germanic (8.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (65a6e81 and 0dbea76). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.