"kümüĺ" meaning in Proto-Turkic

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Oghur:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cv",
            "2": "кӗмӗл"
          },
          "expansion": "Chuvash: кӗмӗл (kĕmĕl)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Chuvash: кӗмӗл (kĕmĕl)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Common Turkic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Oghuz:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Oghuz:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "trk-oat",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Anatolian Turkish:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "az",
            "2": "gümüş"
          },
          "expansion": "Azerbaijani: gümüş",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Azerbaijani: gümüş"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ota",
            "2": "كومش",
            "tr": "gümüş"
          },
          "expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: كومش (gümüş)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ottoman Turkish: كومش (gümüş)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gag",
            "2": "gümüş"
          },
          "expansion": "Gagauz: gümüş",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gagauz: gümüş"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tr",
            "2": "gümüş"
          },
          "expansion": "Turkish: gümüş",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Turkish: gümüş"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Oghuz:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "slr",
            "2": "gumuş"
          },
          "expansion": "Salar: gumuş",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Salar: gumuş"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tk",
            "2": "kümüş"
          },
          "expansion": "Turkmen: kümüş",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Turkmen: kümüş"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Karluk:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xqa",
            "2": "كُمُشْ",
            "tr": "kümüš"
          },
          "expansion": "Karakhanid: كُمُشْ (kümüš)\nChagatai:\nUzbek: kumush\nUyghur: كۈمۈش (kümüsh)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karakhanid: كُمُشْ (kümüš)\nChagatai:\nUzbek: kumush\nUyghur: كۈمۈش (kümüsh)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ba",
            "2": "көмөш"
          },
          "expansion": "Bashkir: көмөш (kömöş)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bashkir: көмөш (kömöş)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tt",
            "2": "көмеш"
          },
          "expansion": "Tatar: көмеш (kömeş)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tatar: көмеш (kömeş)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "crh",
            "2": "kümüş"
          },
          "expansion": "Crimean Tatar: kümüş",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Crimean Tatar: kümüş"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "krc",
            "2": "кюмюш",
            "tr": "kümüş"
          },
          "expansion": "Karachay-Balkar: кюмюш (kümüş)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karachay-Balkar: кюмюш (kümüş)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kum",
            "2": "гюмюш",
            "tr": "gümüş"
          },
          "expansion": "Kumyk: гюмюш (gümüş)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kumyk: гюмюш (gümüş)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Caspian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kaa",
            "2": "gúmis"
          },
          "expansion": "Karakalpak: gúmis",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karakalpak: gúmis"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kk",
            "2": "күміс"
          },
          "expansion": "Kazakh: күміс (kümıs)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kazakh: күміс (kümıs)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nog",
            "2": "куьмис"
          },
          "expansion": "Nogai: куьмис (kümis)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Nogai: куьмис (kümis)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ky",
            "2": "күмүш"
          },
          "expansion": "Kyrgyz: күмүш (kümüş)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kyrgyz: күмүш (kümüş)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "alt",
            "2": "кӱмӱш"
          },
          "expansion": "Southern Altai: кӱмӱш (kümüš)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Southern Altai: кӱмӱш (kümüš)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Siberian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Siberian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sah",
            "2": "көмүс"
          },
          "expansion": "Yakut: көмүс (kömüs)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Yakut: көмүс (kömüs)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Siberian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Old Turkic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "otk",
            "2": "𐰚𐰇𐰢𐱁",
            "ts": "kümüš"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Turkic: 𐰚𐰇𐰢𐱁 (kümš /⁠kümüš⁠/)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Turkic: 𐰚𐰇𐰢𐱁 (kümš /⁠kümüš⁠/)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "oui",
            "tr": "kwymwš",
            "ts": "kümüš"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (kwymwš /⁠kümüš⁠/)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (kwymwš /⁠kümüš⁠/)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Yenisei Turkic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kjh",
            "2": "кӱмӱс"
          },
          "expansion": "Khakas: кӱмӱс (kümüs)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Khakas: кӱмӱс (kümüs)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cjs",
            "2": "кӱмӱш",
            "tr": "kümüş"
          },
          "expansion": "Shor: кӱмӱш (kümüş)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Shor: кӱмӱш (kümüş)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "К этимологии названий металлов и их сплавов в алтайских языках. Исследования в области этимологии алтайских языков"
      },
      "expansion": "K etimologii nazvanij metallov i ix splavov v altajskix jazykax. Issledovanija v oblasti etimologii altajskix jazykov",
      "name": "xlit"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "Лингвистические контакты ранних тюрков: лексический фонд: пратюркский период"
      },
      "expansion": "Lingvističeskije kontakty rannix tjurkov: leksičeskij fond: pratjurkskij period",
      "name": "xlit"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mkh-pal-pro",
        "2": "*kmuul"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Palaungic *kmuul",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kjg",
        "tr": "kmuːl"
      },
      "expansion": "Khmu [script needed] (kmuːl)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bo",
        "2": "དངུལ"
      },
      "expansion": "Tibetan དངུལ (dngul)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "trk-pro",
        "2": "*kün",
        "t": "day, sun"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Turkic *kün (“day, sun”)",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Likely an ancient Wanderwort believed to have spread from an unknown source to Turkic, Sino-Tibetan and Austroasiatic languages.\nAccording to several sources, ultimately of Chinese origin, most likely Early Middle Chinese 金 (kˠiɪm), possibly from an unattested Chinese nominal compound *金鐐 (kˠiɪmleu). However, this hypothetic compound would yield Proto-Turkic *kemle or *kümlü rather than *kümül, which prompts Antonov and Jacques (2011) to reject this hypothesis and instead connect the word to Proto-Palaungic *kmuul, modern Khmu [script needed] (kmuːl). They also connect it to a large number of cognates in Sino-Tibetan languages, such as Tibetan དངུལ (dngul). The direction of the borrowing is unclear, as \"the etymon for ‘silver’ is not derivable in a straightforward manner from any known verbal or nominal root in either Turkic, Sino-Tibetan or Austroasiatic\".\nAn internal Turkic etymology featuring a nominal derivation from Proto-Turkic *kün (“day, sun”) with a subsequent shift of the intevocalic /n/ to /m/ has been proposed too; compare the semantic extension in Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥ǵn̥tóm (“silver”), derived from *h₂erǵ- (“white; glittering”), although Antonov and Jacques find such a derivation improbable on semantic grounds.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trk-pro-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kümüĺ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kümüĺni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kümüĺüg",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kümüĺnig",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kümüĺniŋ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kümüĺke",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kümüĺte",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kümüĺten",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kümüĺgerü",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kümüĺün",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kümüĺče",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "equative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kümüĺleyü",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kümüĺlügü",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "trk-pro",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "*kümüĺ",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ö"
      },
      "name": "trk-pro-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Turkic",
  "lang_code": "trk-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kümüĺ",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Karachay-Balkar terms with redundant transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Kumyk terms with redundant transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Chinese terms with redundant transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Turkic entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Turkic terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "silver (metal)"
      ],
      "id": "en-kümüĺ-trk-pro-noun-UAYLVKeJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "silver",
          "silver"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "topics": [
            "stone",
            "masonry",
            "construction",
            "manufacturing",
            "business"
          ],
          "word": "tiāĺ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "iron",
          "word": "temür"
        },
        {
          "sense": "silver",
          "word": "kümüĺ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "gold",
          "word": "altun"
        },
        {
          "sense": "copper",
          "word": "bakïr"
        },
        {
          "sense": "chalk or earth",
          "word": "bōr"
        },
        {
          "sense": "coal",
          "word": "kömür"
        },
        {
          "sense": "salt",
          "word": "tūŕ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "lead",
          "word": "korguĺčïn"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Early Middle Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kümüĺ"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Oghur:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cv",
            "2": "кӗмӗл"
          },
          "expansion": "Chuvash: кӗмӗл (kĕmĕl)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Chuvash: кӗмӗл (kĕmĕl)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Common Turkic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Oghuz:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Oghuz:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "trk-oat",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Anatolian Turkish:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "az",
            "2": "gümüş"
          },
          "expansion": "Azerbaijani: gümüş",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Azerbaijani: gümüş"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ota",
            "2": "كومش",
            "tr": "gümüş"
          },
          "expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: كومش (gümüş)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ottoman Turkish: كومش (gümüş)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gag",
            "2": "gümüş"
          },
          "expansion": "Gagauz: gümüş",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gagauz: gümüş"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tr",
            "2": "gümüş"
          },
          "expansion": "Turkish: gümüş",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Turkish: gümüş"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Oghuz:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "slr",
            "2": "gumuş"
          },
          "expansion": "Salar: gumuş",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Salar: gumuş"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tk",
            "2": "kümüş"
          },
          "expansion": "Turkmen: kümüş",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Turkmen: kümüş"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Karluk:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xqa",
            "2": "كُمُشْ",
            "tr": "kümüš"
          },
          "expansion": "Karakhanid: كُمُشْ (kümüš)\nChagatai:\nUzbek: kumush\nUyghur: كۈمۈش (kümüsh)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karakhanid: كُمُشْ (kümüš)\nChagatai:\nUzbek: kumush\nUyghur: كۈمۈش (kümüsh)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ba",
            "2": "көмөш"
          },
          "expansion": "Bashkir: көмөш (kömöş)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bashkir: көмөш (kömöş)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tt",
            "2": "көмеш"
          },
          "expansion": "Tatar: көмеш (kömeş)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tatar: көмеш (kömeş)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "crh",
            "2": "kümüş"
          },
          "expansion": "Crimean Tatar: kümüş",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Crimean Tatar: kümüş"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "krc",
            "2": "кюмюш",
            "tr": "kümüş"
          },
          "expansion": "Karachay-Balkar: кюмюш (kümüş)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karachay-Balkar: кюмюш (kümüş)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kum",
            "2": "гюмюш",
            "tr": "gümüş"
          },
          "expansion": "Kumyk: гюмюш (gümüş)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kumyk: гюмюш (gümüş)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Caspian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kaa",
            "2": "gúmis"
          },
          "expansion": "Karakalpak: gúmis",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karakalpak: gúmis"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kk",
            "2": "күміс"
          },
          "expansion": "Kazakh: күміс (kümıs)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kazakh: күміс (kümıs)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nog",
            "2": "куьмис"
          },
          "expansion": "Nogai: куьмис (kümis)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Nogai: куьмис (kümis)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ky",
            "2": "күмүш"
          },
          "expansion": "Kyrgyz: күмүш (kümüş)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kyrgyz: күмүш (kümüş)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "alt",
            "2": "кӱмӱш"
          },
          "expansion": "Southern Altai: кӱмӱш (kümüš)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Southern Altai: кӱмӱш (kümüš)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Siberian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Siberian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sah",
            "2": "көмүс"
          },
          "expansion": "Yakut: көмүс (kömüs)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Yakut: көмүс (kömüs)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Siberian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Old Turkic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "otk",
            "2": "𐰚𐰇𐰢𐱁",
            "ts": "kümüš"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Turkic: 𐰚𐰇𐰢𐱁 (kümš /⁠kümüš⁠/)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Turkic: 𐰚𐰇𐰢𐱁 (kümš /⁠kümüš⁠/)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "oui",
            "tr": "kwymwš",
            "ts": "kümüš"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (kwymwš /⁠kümüš⁠/)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (kwymwš /⁠kümüš⁠/)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Yenisei Turkic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kjh",
            "2": "кӱмӱс"
          },
          "expansion": "Khakas: кӱмӱс (kümüs)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Khakas: кӱмӱс (kümüs)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cjs",
            "2": "кӱмӱш",
            "tr": "kümüş"
          },
          "expansion": "Shor: кӱмӱш (kümüş)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Shor: кӱмӱш (kümüş)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "К этимологии названий металлов и их сплавов в алтайских языках. Исследования в области этимологии алтайских языков"
      },
      "expansion": "K etimologii nazvanij metallov i ix splavov v altajskix jazykax. Issledovanija v oblasti etimologii altajskix jazykov",
      "name": "xlit"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "Лингвистические контакты ранних тюрков: лексический фонд: пратюркский период"
      },
      "expansion": "Lingvističeskije kontakty rannix tjurkov: leksičeskij fond: pratjurkskij period",
      "name": "xlit"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mkh-pal-pro",
        "2": "*kmuul"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Palaungic *kmuul",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kjg",
        "tr": "kmuːl"
      },
      "expansion": "Khmu [script needed] (kmuːl)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bo",
        "2": "དངུལ"
      },
      "expansion": "Tibetan དངུལ (dngul)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "trk-pro",
        "2": "*kün",
        "t": "day, sun"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Turkic *kün (“day, sun”)",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Likely an ancient Wanderwort believed to have spread from an unknown source to Turkic, Sino-Tibetan and Austroasiatic languages.\nAccording to several sources, ultimately of Chinese origin, most likely Early Middle Chinese 金 (kˠiɪm), possibly from an unattested Chinese nominal compound *金鐐 (kˠiɪmleu). However, this hypothetic compound would yield Proto-Turkic *kemle or *kümlü rather than *kümül, which prompts Antonov and Jacques (2011) to reject this hypothesis and instead connect the word to Proto-Palaungic *kmuul, modern Khmu [script needed] (kmuːl). They also connect it to a large number of cognates in Sino-Tibetan languages, such as Tibetan དངུལ (dngul). The direction of the borrowing is unclear, as \"the etymon for ‘silver’ is not derivable in a straightforward manner from any known verbal or nominal root in either Turkic, Sino-Tibetan or Austroasiatic\".\nAn internal Turkic etymology featuring a nominal derivation from Proto-Turkic *kün (“day, sun”) with a subsequent shift of the intevocalic /n/ to /m/ has been proposed too; compare the semantic extension in Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥ǵn̥tóm (“silver”), derived from *h₂erǵ- (“white; glittering”), although Antonov and Jacques find such a derivation improbable on semantic grounds.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trk-pro-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kümüĺ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kümüĺni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kümüĺüg",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kümüĺnig",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kümüĺniŋ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kümüĺke",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kümüĺte",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kümüĺten",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kümüĺgerü",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kümüĺün",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kümüĺče",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "equative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kümüĺleyü",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kümüĺlügü",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "trk-pro",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "*kümüĺ",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ö"
      },
      "name": "trk-pro-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Turkic",
  "lang_code": "trk-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kümüĺ",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "topics": [
        "stone",
        "masonry",
        "construction",
        "manufacturing",
        "business"
      ],
      "word": "tiāĺ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "iron",
      "word": "temür"
    },
    {
      "sense": "silver",
      "word": "kümüĺ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "gold",
      "word": "altun"
    },
    {
      "sense": "copper",
      "word": "bakïr"
    },
    {
      "sense": "chalk or earth",
      "word": "bōr"
    },
    {
      "sense": "coal",
      "word": "kömür"
    },
    {
      "sense": "salt",
      "word": "tūŕ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "lead",
      "word": "korguĺčïn"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Karachay-Balkar terms with redundant transliterations",
        "Kumyk terms with redundant transliterations",
        "Middle Chinese terms with redundant transliterations",
        "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Turkic entries with topic categories using raw markup",
        "Proto-Turkic lemmas",
        "Proto-Turkic nouns",
        "Proto-Turkic terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Requests for native script for Khmu terms",
        "Requests for native script for Old Uyghur terms",
        "trk-pro:Chemical elements",
        "trk-pro:Metals"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "silver (metal)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "silver",
          "silver"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Early Middle Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kümüĺ"
}