"-ьje" meaning in Proto-Slavic

See -ьje in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

Etymology: From the neuter form of *-ьjь (See Etymology 2), from *-ь + *-jь. Akin to deverbal suffixes *-nьje and *-tьje. However, comparison with other Indo-European languages indicates archaicity of denominal formations, which are most likely substantivized adjectives. Compare * Ancient Greek ὕπνος (húpnos, “dream”) → ἐνύπνιον (enúpnion, “dreaming”) = Common Slavic *sъnъ → *sъnьje * Latin ōs, ōris (“mouth”) → ōstium (“estuary, river mouth”) = Common Slavic *usta → *ustьje Etymology templates: {{suf|sla-pro|*-ь|*-jь}} *-ь + *-jь Inflection templates: {{sla-decl-noun}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], -ьje [nominative, singular], -ьji [dual, nominative], -ьja [nominative, plural], -ьja [genitive, singular], -ьju [dual, genitive], -ьjь [genitive, plural], -ьju [dative, singular], -ьjema [dative, dual], -ьjemъ [dative, plural], -ьje [accusative, singular], -ьji [accusative, dual], -ьja [accusative, plural], -ьjьmь [instrumental, singular], -ьjemь [instrumental, singular], -ьjema [dual, instrumental], -ьji [instrumental, plural], -ьji [locative, singular], -ьju [dual, locative], -ьjixъ [locative, plural], -ьje [singular, vocative], -ьji [dual, vocative], -ьja [plural, vocative]
  1. Denominal, forming collective nouns Tags: morpheme, neuter, reconstruction
    Sense id: en--ьje-sla-pro-suffix-gtruuEQH Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-jь Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 38 23 11 7 10 10 Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header: 37 23 12 8 10 10 Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-jь: 40 17 12 8 11 11
  2. Deverbal (from past participle), forming action nouns Tags: morpheme, neuter, reconstruction
    Sense id: en--ьje-sla-pro-suffix-OraFQaYV
  3. Denominal, forming nouns denoting various concepts Tags: morpheme, neuter, reconstruction
    Sense id: en--ьje-sla-pro-suffix-fYuEedCo
  4. Structural formant, without a base noun to synchronically derive from Tags: morpheme, neuter, reconstruction
    Sense id: en--ьje-sla-pro-suffix-nW9m9FvA
  5. Deadjectival, forming nouns denoting a property, state or condition Tags: morpheme, neuter, reconstruction
    Sense id: en--ьje-sla-pro-suffix-k29ruWaH
  6. Denominal, forming nouns denoting location or time Tags: morpheme, neuter, reconstruction
    Sense id: en--ьje-sla-pro-suffix-aiji9oAf
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: -nьje (english: deverbal, with a *-n- suffix taken from past passive participle), -tьje (english: deverbal, with a *-t- suffix taken from past passive participle) Related terms: -ja, -tva (english: from a-extension of supine), -ьba, -ьda, -ežь
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "deverbal, with a *-n- suffix taken from past passive participle",
      "word": "-nьje"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "deverbal, with a *-t- suffix taken from past passive participle",
      "word": "-tьje"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "-ие"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: -ие (-ije)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: -ие (-ije)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "-е",
            "3": "-а"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: -е (-je), -а (-a)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: -е (-je), -а (-a)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rue",
            "2": "-а",
            "3": "-я"
          },
          "expansion": "Carpathian Rusyn: -а (-a), -я (-ja)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Carpathian Rusyn: -а (-a), -я (-ja)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "-ьё",
            "3": "-ие",
            "4": "-ье"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: -ьё (-ʹjó), -ие (-ije), -ье (-ʹje)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: -ьё (-ʹjó), -ие (-ije), -ье (-ʹje)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "-я"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: -я (-ja)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: -я (-ja)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Cyrillic: -ьѥ (-ĭje), -иѥ (-ije)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Glagolitic: -ⱐⰵ (-ĭe), -ⰻⰵ (-ie)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "-ие",
            "3": "-је"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: -ие (-ie), -је (-je)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: -ие (-ie), -је (-je)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-је",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: -је",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: -је; allomorphic: -ће (<* -t-ьje), -шће (<* -st-ьje) -ње (< *-n-ьje), -ље (< *-l-ьje)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Latin: -je; allomorphic: -će (<* -t-ьje), -šće (<* -st-ьje) -nje (< *-n-ьje), -lje (< *-l-ьje)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "-je"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: -je",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: -je"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "-ie"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: -ie",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: -ie"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "-í"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: -í",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: -í"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "csb",
            "2": "-ié"
          },
          "expansion": "Kashubian: -ié",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kashubian: -ié"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "-e",
            "3": "-ė",
            "4": "-ie"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: -e, -ė, -ie",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: -e, -ė, -ie"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "-ie"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: -ie",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: -ie"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-slv",
            "2": "-é"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovincian: -é",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovincian: -é"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*-ь",
        "3": "*-jь"
      },
      "expansion": "*-ь + *-jь",
      "name": "suf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From the neuter form of *-ьjь (See Etymology 2), from *-ь + *-jь.\nAkin to deverbal suffixes *-nьje and *-tьje. However, comparison with other Indo-European languages indicates archaicity of denominal formations, which are most likely substantivized adjectives. Compare\n* Ancient Greek ὕπνος (húpnos, “dream”) → ἐνύπνιον (enúpnion, “dreaming”) = Common Slavic *sъnъ → *sъnьje\n* Latin ōs, ōris (“mouth”) → ōstium (“estuary, river mouth”) = Common Slavic *usta → *ustьje",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьje",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьji",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьja",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьja",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьju",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьjь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьju",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьjema",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьjemъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьje",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьji",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьja",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьjьmь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьjemь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьjema",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьji",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьji",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьju",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьjixъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьje",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьji",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьja",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ьje",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "-ja"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "from a-extension of supine",
      "word": "-tva"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "-ьba"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "-ьda"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "-ežь"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "38 23 11 7 10 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 23 12 8 10 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "40 17 12 8 11 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-jь",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ostrovъ (“island”) → *ostrovьje (“archipelago”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "jedla (“spruce, fir”) → *jedlьje (“fir forest”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "dǫbъ (“oak”) → *dǫbьje (“oaks”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "kamy, *kamene- (“stone”) → *kamenьje (“stones, rocks”)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Denominal, forming collective nouns"
      ],
      "id": "en--ьje-sla-pro-suffix-gtruuEQH",
      "links": [
        [
          "collective noun",
          "collective noun#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "neuter",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "dati → *datъ / *danъ → *datьje / *danьje"
        },
        {
          "text": "(*obrětti >) *obrěsti → *obrětenъ → *obrětenьje"
        },
        {
          "text": "kovati → *kovanъ → *kovanьje"
        },
        {
          "text": "kъrmiti → *kъrmljenъ → *kъrmljenьje"
        },
        {
          "text": "(*ostojěti >) *ostojati → *ostojanъ → *ostojanьje"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Deverbal (from past participle), forming action nouns"
      ],
      "id": "en--ьje-sla-pro-suffix-OraFQaYV",
      "links": [
        [
          "action noun",
          "action noun#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "neuter",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "usta (“mouth”) → *ustьje (“mouth”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "sъnъ (“sleep”) → *sъnьje (“dream”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "na- + *rěčь (“speech”) → *narěčьje (“adverb”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "na- + *sila (“force”) → *nasilьje (“violence”)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Denominal, forming nouns denoting various concepts"
      ],
      "id": "en--ьje-sla-pro-suffix-fYuEedCo",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "neuter",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "zna-mę, *zna-men- (“sign, signal, mark”) → *znamenьje (“signs, signals, marks”)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Structural formant, without a base noun to synchronically derive from"
      ],
      "id": "en--ьje-sla-pro-suffix-nW9m9FvA",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "neuter",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "obilъ (“abundant”) → *obilьje (“abundance”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "sъdorvъ (“healthy”) → *sъdorvьje (“health”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "veselъ (“happy”) → *veselьje (“joy, happiness”)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Deadjectival, forming nouns denoting a property, state or condition"
      ],
      "id": "en--ьje-sla-pro-suffix-k29ruWaH",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "neuter",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "po- + *rěka (“river”) → *porěčьje (“region near, along a river”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "za- + *gora (“forest, mountain”) → *zagorьje (“region nearby a mountain”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "krajь- + *bergъ (“coast”) → *krajьberžьje (“coastline”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "nadъ- + *věsъ (“screen, curtain”) → *nadъvěsьje (“arch, dome, sth hanging over”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "bez- + *vermę (“time”) → *bezvermьje (“timelessness”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "na- + *večerъ (“eve”) → *navečerьje (“evening, time before dawn”)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Denominal, forming nouns denoting location or time"
      ],
      "id": "en--ьje-sla-pro-suffix-aiji9oAf",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "neuter",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ьje"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Slavic lemmas",
    "Proto-Slavic neuter suffixes",
    "Proto-Slavic noun-forming suffixes",
    "Proto-Slavic soft neuter o-stem nouns",
    "Proto-Slavic soft o-stem nouns",
    "Proto-Slavic suffixes",
    "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-jь"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "deverbal, with a *-n- suffix taken from past passive participle",
      "word": "-nьje"
    },
    {
      "english": "deverbal, with a *-t- suffix taken from past passive participle",
      "word": "-tьje"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "-ие"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: -ие (-ije)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: -ие (-ije)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "-е",
            "3": "-а"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: -е (-je), -а (-a)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: -е (-je), -а (-a)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rue",
            "2": "-а",
            "3": "-я"
          },
          "expansion": "Carpathian Rusyn: -а (-a), -я (-ja)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Carpathian Rusyn: -а (-a), -я (-ja)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "-ьё",
            "3": "-ие",
            "4": "-ье"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: -ьё (-ʹjó), -ие (-ije), -ье (-ʹje)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: -ьё (-ʹjó), -ие (-ije), -ье (-ʹje)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "-я"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: -я (-ja)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: -я (-ja)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Cyrillic: -ьѥ (-ĭje), -иѥ (-ije)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Glagolitic: -ⱐⰵ (-ĭe), -ⰻⰵ (-ie)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "-ие",
            "3": "-је"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: -ие (-ie), -је (-je)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: -ие (-ie), -је (-je)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-је",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: -је",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: -је; allomorphic: -ће (<* -t-ьje), -шће (<* -st-ьje) -ње (< *-n-ьje), -ље (< *-l-ьje)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Latin: -je; allomorphic: -će (<* -t-ьje), -šće (<* -st-ьje) -nje (< *-n-ьje), -lje (< *-l-ьje)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "-je"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: -je",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: -je"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "-ie"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: -ie",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: -ie"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "-í"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: -í",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: -í"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "csb",
            "2": "-ié"
          },
          "expansion": "Kashubian: -ié",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kashubian: -ié"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "-e",
            "3": "-ė",
            "4": "-ie"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: -e, -ė, -ie",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: -e, -ė, -ie"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "-ie"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: -ie",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: -ie"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-slv",
            "2": "-é"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovincian: -é",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovincian: -é"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*-ь",
        "3": "*-jь"
      },
      "expansion": "*-ь + *-jь",
      "name": "suf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From the neuter form of *-ьjь (See Etymology 2), from *-ь + *-jь.\nAkin to deverbal suffixes *-nьje and *-tьje. However, comparison with other Indo-European languages indicates archaicity of denominal formations, which are most likely substantivized adjectives. Compare\n* Ancient Greek ὕπνος (húpnos, “dream”) → ἐνύπνιον (enúpnion, “dreaming”) = Common Slavic *sъnъ → *sъnьje\n* Latin ōs, ōris (“mouth”) → ōstium (“estuary, river mouth”) = Common Slavic *usta → *ustьje",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьje",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьji",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьja",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьja",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьju",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьjь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьju",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьjema",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьjemъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьje",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьji",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьja",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьjьmь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьjemь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьjema",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьji",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьji",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьju",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьjixъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьje",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьji",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьja",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ьje",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "-ja"
    },
    {
      "english": "from a-extension of supine",
      "word": "-tva"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ьba"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ьda"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ežь"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ostrovъ (“island”) → *ostrovьje (“archipelago”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "jedla (“spruce, fir”) → *jedlьje (“fir forest”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "dǫbъ (“oak”) → *dǫbьje (“oaks”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "kamy, *kamene- (“stone”) → *kamenьje (“stones, rocks”)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Denominal, forming collective nouns"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "collective noun",
          "collective noun#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "neuter",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "dati → *datъ / *danъ → *datьje / *danьje"
        },
        {
          "text": "(*obrětti >) *obrěsti → *obrětenъ → *obrětenьje"
        },
        {
          "text": "kovati → *kovanъ → *kovanьje"
        },
        {
          "text": "kъrmiti → *kъrmljenъ → *kъrmljenьje"
        },
        {
          "text": "(*ostojěti >) *ostojati → *ostojanъ → *ostojanьje"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Deverbal (from past participle), forming action nouns"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "action noun",
          "action noun#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "neuter",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "usta (“mouth”) → *ustьje (“mouth”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "sъnъ (“sleep”) → *sъnьje (“dream”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "na- + *rěčь (“speech”) → *narěčьje (“adverb”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "na- + *sila (“force”) → *nasilьje (“violence”)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Denominal, forming nouns denoting various concepts"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "neuter",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "zna-mę, *zna-men- (“sign, signal, mark”) → *znamenьje (“signs, signals, marks”)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Structural formant, without a base noun to synchronically derive from"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "neuter",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "obilъ (“abundant”) → *obilьje (“abundance”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "sъdorvъ (“healthy”) → *sъdorvьje (“health”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "veselъ (“happy”) → *veselьje (“joy, happiness”)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Deadjectival, forming nouns denoting a property, state or condition"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "neuter",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "po- + *rěka (“river”) → *porěčьje (“region near, along a river”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "za- + *gora (“forest, mountain”) → *zagorьje (“region nearby a mountain”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "krajь- + *bergъ (“coast”) → *krajьberžьje (“coastline”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "nadъ- + *věsъ (“screen, curtain”) → *nadъvěsьje (“arch, dome, sth hanging over”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "bez- + *vermę (“time”) → *bezvermьje (“timelessness”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "na- + *večerъ (“eve”) → *navečerьje (“evening, time before dawn”)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Denominal, forming nouns denoting location or time"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "neuter",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ьje"
}

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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-09-20 using wiktextract (af5c55c and 66545a6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.