See -ja in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*-jāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *-jāˀ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-yeh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-yeh₂",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "-ia"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian -ia",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *-jāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *-yeh₂. Cognate with Lithuanian -ia and -ja.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-ja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-jь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-jamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jejǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-jami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-jasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-je",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ja",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-ělь"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-ědь"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"suffix"
],
"word": "-jь \\ *-ьjь"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 11 12 13 13 13 13 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 11 15 15 15 15 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 20 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "sěťi (“to cut, mow, chop”) → *sěča (“chopping, cutting”)"
},
{
"text": "žędati (“to be thirsty”) → *žęďa (“thirst”)"
},
{
"text": "pręsti (“to spin”) → *pręďa (“yarn”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix creating feminine action nouns, usually concretized in nomina instrumenti and nomina acti.",
"Deverbal, from the present stem."
],
"id": "en--ja-sla-pro-suffix-Vg6dkp2i",
"links": [
[
"action noun",
"action noun#English"
],
[
"nomina instrumenti",
"nomen instrumenti#English"
],
[
"nomina acti",
"nomen acti#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*-ělь"
},
{
"word": "*-ъkъ"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 11 12 13 13 13 13 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 11 15 15 15 15 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 20 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "loviti → *lovľa"
},
{
"text": "grabiti → *grabľa"
},
{
"text": "gorditi → *gorďa"
},
{
"text": "xoditi → *xoďa"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix creating feminine action nouns, usually concretized in nomina instrumenti and nomina acti.",
"Deverbal, from -i- verbs."
],
"id": "en--ja-sla-pro-suffix-hN3TLyHs",
"links": [
[
"action noun",
"action noun#English"
],
[
"nomina instrumenti",
"nomen instrumenti#English"
],
[
"nomina acti",
"nomen acti#English"
],
[
"-i-",
"Category:Proto-Slavic_verbs_ending_in_-i-"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 11 12 13 13 13 13 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 11 15 15 15 15 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 20 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "suxъ (“dry”) → *suša (“drought”)"
},
{
"text": "gǫstъ (“dense”) → *gǫšča (“thicket; slurry, sludge; something dense or densely arranged”)"
},
{
"text": "mok- (“wet”) → *moča (“wetness”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix creating feminine action nouns, usually concretized in nomina instrumenti and nomina acti.",
"Deadjectival."
],
"id": "en--ja-sla-pro-suffix-ADQFQVkv",
"links": [
[
"action noun",
"action noun#English"
],
[
"nomina instrumenti",
"nomen instrumenti#English"
],
[
"nomina acti",
"nomen acti#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*-ědь"
},
{
"word": "*-ina"
},
{
"word": "*-yni"
},
{
"word": "*-ota"
},
{
"word": "*-ostь"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 11 12 13 13 13 13 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 11 15 15 15 15 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 20 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "světъ (“light, brightness”) → *svěťa (“candle”)"
},
{
"text": "koza (“goat”) → *koža (“skin, leather”)"
},
{
"text": "duxъ (“spirit”) → *duša (“soul”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix creating feminine action nouns, usually concretized in nomina instrumenti and nomina acti.",
"Denominal."
],
"id": "en--ja-sla-pro-suffix-WHrJrcvr",
"links": [
[
"action noun",
"action noun#English"
],
[
"nomina instrumenti",
"nomen instrumenti#English"
],
[
"nomina acti",
"nomen acti#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 11 12 13 13 13 13 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 11 15 15 15 15 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 20 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "tьstь (“father in law”) → *tьšča (“mother in law”)"
},
{
"text": "gospodь (“lord, master”) → *gospoďa (“lady, mistress”)"
},
{
"text": "zemь → *zemľa"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix creating feminine action nouns, usually concretized in nomina instrumenti and nomina acti.",
"Denominal, from i-stem."
],
"id": "en--ja-sla-pro-suffix-SiRcwWfl",
"links": [
[
"action noun",
"action noun#English"
],
[
"nomina instrumenti",
"nomen instrumenti#English"
],
[
"nomina acti",
"nomen acti#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*-i"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "verbs ending in -V-",
"word": "-ťa"
}
],
"word": "-ja"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine suffixes",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic noun-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Slavic soft a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic suffixes",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*-jāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *-jāˀ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-yeh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-yeh₂",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "-ia"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian -ia",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *-jāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *-yeh₂. Cognate with Lithuanian -ia and -ja.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-ja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-jь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-jamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jejǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-jami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-jasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-je",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ja",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-ělь"
},
{
"word": "-ědь"
},
{
"tags": [
"possessive",
"suffix"
],
"word": "-jь \\ *-ьjь"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "sěťi (“to cut, mow, chop”) → *sěča (“chopping, cutting”)"
},
{
"text": "žędati (“to be thirsty”) → *žęďa (“thirst”)"
},
{
"text": "pręsti (“to spin”) → *pręďa (“yarn”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix creating feminine action nouns, usually concretized in nomina instrumenti and nomina acti.",
"Deverbal, from the present stem."
],
"links": [
[
"action noun",
"action noun#English"
],
[
"nomina instrumenti",
"nomen instrumenti#English"
],
[
"nomina acti",
"nomen acti#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*-ělь"
},
{
"word": "*-ъkъ"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "loviti → *lovľa"
},
{
"text": "grabiti → *grabľa"
},
{
"text": "gorditi → *gorďa"
},
{
"text": "xoditi → *xoďa"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix creating feminine action nouns, usually concretized in nomina instrumenti and nomina acti.",
"Deverbal, from -i- verbs."
],
"links": [
[
"action noun",
"action noun#English"
],
[
"nomina instrumenti",
"nomen instrumenti#English"
],
[
"nomina acti",
"nomen acti#English"
],
[
"-i-",
"Category:Proto-Slavic_verbs_ending_in_-i-"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "suxъ (“dry”) → *suša (“drought”)"
},
{
"text": "gǫstъ (“dense”) → *gǫšča (“thicket; slurry, sludge; something dense or densely arranged”)"
},
{
"text": "mok- (“wet”) → *moča (“wetness”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix creating feminine action nouns, usually concretized in nomina instrumenti and nomina acti.",
"Deadjectival."
],
"links": [
[
"action noun",
"action noun#English"
],
[
"nomina instrumenti",
"nomen instrumenti#English"
],
[
"nomina acti",
"nomen acti#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*-ědь"
},
{
"word": "*-ina"
},
{
"word": "*-yni"
},
{
"word": "*-ota"
},
{
"word": "*-ostь"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "světъ (“light, brightness”) → *svěťa (“candle”)"
},
{
"text": "koza (“goat”) → *koža (“skin, leather”)"
},
{
"text": "duxъ (“spirit”) → *duša (“soul”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix creating feminine action nouns, usually concretized in nomina instrumenti and nomina acti.",
"Denominal."
],
"links": [
[
"action noun",
"action noun#English"
],
[
"nomina instrumenti",
"nomen instrumenti#English"
],
[
"nomina acti",
"nomen acti#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "tьstь (“father in law”) → *tьšča (“mother in law”)"
},
{
"text": "gospodь (“lord, master”) → *gospoďa (“lady, mistress”)"
},
{
"text": "zemь → *zemľa"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix creating feminine action nouns, usually concretized in nomina instrumenti and nomina acti.",
"Denominal, from i-stem."
],
"links": [
[
"action noun",
"action noun#English"
],
[
"nomina instrumenti",
"nomen instrumenti#English"
],
[
"nomina acti",
"nomen acti#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*-i"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "verbs ending in -V-",
"word": "-ťa"
}
],
"word": "-ja"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ja meaning in Proto-Slavic (6.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (4ba5975 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.