See -jь in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "-и"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: -и (-i)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: -и (-i)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "-и",
"3": "-й"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: -и (-i), -й (-j)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: -и (-i), -й (-j)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "-й"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: -й (-j)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: -й (-j)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "-й"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: -й (-j)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: -й (-j)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-й"
},
"expansion": "Russian: -й (-j)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: -й (-j)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-и"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: -и (-i)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic: -и (-i)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "with palatalization of the preceding phoneme"
},
"expansion": "(with palatalization of the preceding phoneme)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: -ʲ(0/a/e) (with palatalization of the preceding phoneme)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Macedonian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-i",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: -i",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: -i"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-и",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: -и",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: -и"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "-í"
},
"expansion": "Czech: -í",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: -í"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "-i",
"3": "-y"
},
"expansion": "Polish: -i, -y",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: -i, -y"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "-í"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: -í",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: -í"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "-i",
"3": "-y"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: -i, -y",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: -i, -y"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-yós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-yós",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-yos",
"4": "*-yos ~ *-is"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-yos ~ *-is",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*siňь"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *siňь",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "-ỹs"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian -ỹs",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "under stress"
},
"expansion": "(under stress)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "-ias"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian -ias",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "elsewhere"
},
"expansion": "(elsewhere)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "-̧s, -̧š"
},
"expansion": "Latvian -̧s, -̧š",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Continues Proto-Indo-European *-yós and partially the marginal elative Caland suffix Proto-Indo-European *-yos ~ *-is. In some cases, e.g. Proto-Slavic *siňь, the jo-stem may have spread from the comparative *-jьš-.\nOver time, some yo-stem adjectives were fossilized into nouns and some kinetic i-stems were leveled out into jo-stems, giving rise to Slavic jo-stem nouns. Another source of jo-stem nouns is from Illič-Svityč's law , which transformed neutral ap B nouns (including jo-stems) into masculine.\nCognate with Lithuanian -ỹs (under stress), -is (genitive -io), Lithuanian -ias/-jas (elsewhere), Latvian -̧s, -̧š.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-adj-soft",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-jь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-je",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-je",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jemь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jejǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jemь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"locative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-je",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-je",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "-jema",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"indefinite",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "-jama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"feminine",
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "-jema",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"indefinite",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "-ja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"indefinite",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"feminine",
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"indefinite",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "-jema",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "-jama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-jema",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indefinite",
"locative",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indefinite",
"locative",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "-ja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jemъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jemъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jixъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"locative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jixъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"locative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-adj-soft",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-jьjь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jeje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jajego",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ję̇ję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jajego",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jujemu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jiji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jujemu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jьjь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jǫjǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jeje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijimь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jǫjǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijimь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijemь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jiji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijemь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"locative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jьjь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-jeje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"masculine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-jiji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"feminine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-jiji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"neuter",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-juju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"genitive",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "-juju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"feminine",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-juju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"genitive",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"dual",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"dual",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"dual",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "-jiji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "-jiji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"dual",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"instrumental",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"feminine",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"instrumental",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "-juju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"locative",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "-juju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"feminine",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-juju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"locative",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"masculine",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-jiji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"feminine",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-jiji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"neuter",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-jiji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ję̇ję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jьjixъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jьjixъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jьjixъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijimъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijimъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijimъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ję̇ję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ję̇ję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijimi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijimi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijimi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijixъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"locative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijixъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijixъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"locative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jiji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ję̇ję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "j"
},
"name": "sla-decl-adj-soft"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-jь",
"10": "-ję̇",
"11": "-ji",
"12": "-ji",
"13": "-jejǫ",
"14": "-je",
"15": "-je",
"16": "-je",
"17": "-ja",
"18": "-ji",
"19": "-ju",
"2": "-jь",
"20": "-jemь",
"21": "-je",
"22": "-ja",
"23": "-ja",
"24": "-ju",
"25": "-ju",
"26": "-jema",
"27": "-jema",
"28": "-ja",
"29": "-ji",
"3": "-ja",
"30": "-ji",
"31": "-ju",
"32": "-ju",
"33": "-jama",
"34": "-jama",
"35": "-ji",
"36": "-ji",
"37": "-ji",
"38": "-ju",
"39": "-ju",
"4": "-ji",
"40": "-jema",
"41": "-jema",
"42": "-ji",
"43": "-ji",
"44": "-ję̇",
"45": "-jь",
"46": "-jixъ",
"47": "-jemъ",
"48": "-ji",
"49": "-ji",
"5": "-ju",
"50": "-ję̇",
"51": "-ję̇",
"52": "-jь",
"53": "-jaxъ",
"54": "-jamъ",
"55": "-jami",
"56": "-ję̇",
"57": "-ja",
"58": "-ja",
"59": "-jь",
"6": "-jemь",
"60": "-jixъ",
"61": "-jemъ",
"62": "-ji",
"63": "-ja",
"7": "-ju",
"8": "-ja",
"9": "-jǫ",
"title": "Indefinite declension of *-jь (soft)"
},
"name": "sla-decl-adj-table"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-jьjь",
"10": "-ję̇ję̇",
"11": "-jiji",
"12": "-jiji",
"13": "-jǫjǫ",
"14": "-jaja",
"15": "-jeje",
"16": "-jeje",
"17": "-jajego",
"18": "-jijemь",
"19": "-jujemu",
"2": "-jьjь",
"20": "-jijimь",
"21": "-jeje",
"22": "-jaja",
"23": "-jaja",
"24": "-juju",
"25": "-juju",
"26": "-jijima",
"27": "-jijima",
"28": "-jaja",
"29": "-jiji",
"3": "-jajego",
"30": "-jiji",
"31": "-juju",
"32": "-juju",
"33": "-jijima",
"34": "-jijima",
"35": "-jiji",
"36": "-jiji",
"37": "-jiji",
"38": "-juju",
"39": "-juju",
"4": "-jijemь",
"40": "-jijima",
"41": "-jijima",
"42": "-jiji",
"43": "-jiji",
"44": "-ję̇ję̇",
"45": "-jьjixъ",
"46": "-jijixъ",
"47": "-jijimъ",
"48": "-jijimi",
"49": "-jiji",
"5": "-jujemu",
"50": "-ję̇ję̇",
"51": "-ję̇ję̇",
"52": "-jьjixъ",
"53": "-jijixъ",
"54": "-jijimъ",
"55": "-jijimi",
"56": "-ję̇ję̇",
"57": "-jaja",
"58": "-jaja",
"59": "-jьjixъ",
"6": "-jijimь",
"60": "-jijixъ",
"61": "-jijimъ",
"62": "-jijimi",
"63": "-jaja",
"7": "-jьjь",
"8": "-jaja",
"9": "-jǫjǫ",
"title": "Definite declension of *-jь (soft)"
},
"name": "sla-decl-adj-table"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-jь",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "dobľь (“honest”)"
},
{
"text": "ryďь (“ruddy, ginger”)"
},
{
"text": "siňь (“glaucos blue/gray”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Adjectival inherited from the Caland roots, usually with exceptional or magnifying meaning"
],
"id": "en--jь-sla-pro-suffix-xp9x~Pyt",
"raw_glosses": [
"Adjectival inherited from the Caland roots, usually with exceptional or magnifying meaning:"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "lošь (“bad”)"
},
{
"text": "dužь (“strong”)"
},
{
"text": "bujь (“aggressive, fierce”)"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "secondary origin"
},
{
"word": "attached to o-grade roots"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Adjectival of secondary origin, attached to o-grade roots"
],
"id": "en--jь-sla-pro-suffix-3-0B5qRS",
"raw_glosses": [
"Adjectival of secondary origin, attached to o-grade roots:"
],
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-jь"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-yós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-yós",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-yos",
"4": "*-yos ~ *-is"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-yos ~ *-is",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*siňь"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *siňь",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "-ỹs"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian -ỹs",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "under stress"
},
"expansion": "(under stress)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "-ias"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian -ias",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "elsewhere"
},
"expansion": "(elsewhere)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "-̧s, -̧š"
},
"expansion": "Latvian -̧s, -̧š",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Continues Proto-Indo-European *-yós and partially the marginal elative Caland suffix Proto-Indo-European *-yos ~ *-is. In some cases, e.g. Proto-Slavic *siňь, the jo-stem may have spread from the comparative *-jьš-.\nOver time, some yo-stem adjectives were fossilized into nouns and some kinetic i-stems were leveled out into jo-stems, giving rise to Slavic jo-stem nouns. Another source of jo-stem nouns is from Illič-Svityč's law , which transformed neutral ap B nouns (including jo-stems) into masculine.\nCognate with Lithuanian -ỹs (under stress), -is (genitive -io), Lithuanian -ias/-jas (elsewhere), Latvian -̧s, -̧š.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-jь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-jь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jema",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-jemъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jьmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jemь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jema",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-jixъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"stem": "o"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-jь",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 26 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:R:gem:PIEPG",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 18 13 13 10 11 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 7 19 13 13 10 11 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 18 17 17 12 14 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "mǫžь (“man”)"
},
{
"text": "moľь (“moth”)"
},
{
"text": "koňь (“horse”)"
},
{
"text": "ǫ̃žь (“snake”) (from a leveled PIE proterokinetic i-stem)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Nominal inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic, e.g."
],
"id": "en--jь-sla-pro-suffix-w7KeLEmu",
"raw_glosses": [
"Nominal inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic, e.g.:"
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "i-stem",
"word": "-ь"
},
{
"english": "noun-forming, usually denoting manner or location as well as the standard ending for deverbial action nouns",
"sense": "*-ьjь",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "-ьje"
},
{
"english": "noun-forming, denoting collectiveness",
"sense": "*-ьjь",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ьja"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-jь"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*-jeti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-jeti",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*-ъ"
},
"expansion": "*-ъ",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "-ỹs"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian -ỹs",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From verbal stems inflecting (explicitly or implicitly) with Proto-Slavic *-jeti + *-ъ.\nCognate with Lithuanian -ỹs.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-jь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-jь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jema",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-jemъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jьmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jemь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jema",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-jixъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"stem": "o"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-jь",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 8 18 13 13 10 11 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 7 19 13 13 10 11 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 18 17 17 12 14 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 27 20 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ъ",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "kyjь (“hammer”) ← *kuti (“to hew”)"
},
{
"text": "pьňь (“stump”) ←*pęti (“to stretch”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Deverbal from root-emphatic verbs inflecting in original Proto-Slavic *-jeti, creates agent/instrument nouns"
],
"id": "en--jь-sla-pro-suffix-3Qgsst3L",
"links": [
[
"Proto-Slavic",
"w:Proto-Slavic language"
],
[
"*-jeti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-jeti#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Deverbal from root-emphatic verbs inflecting in original Proto-Slavic *-jeti, creates agent/instrument nouns:"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 8 18 13 13 10 11 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 7 19 13 13 10 11 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 18 17 17 12 14 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 27 20 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ъ",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "voďь (“leader”) ← *voditi (“to lead”)"
},
{
"text": "lučь (“ray”) ← *lučiti (“to pinpoint, to target”)"
},
{
"text": "nožь (“knife”) ← *noziti (“to skewer”)"
},
{
"text": "gojь (“fest, abundance”) ← *gojiti (“to feed”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Deverbal from causative/iterative verbs inflecting in Proto-Slavic *-iti, creates agent/instrument nouns"
],
"id": "en--jь-sla-pro-suffix-fitJLpD4",
"links": [
[
"Proto-Slavic",
"w:Proto-Slavic language"
],
[
"*-iti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-iti#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Deverbal from causative/iterative verbs inflecting in Proto-Slavic *-iti, creates agent/instrument nouns:"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 8 18 13 13 10 11 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 18 17 17 12 14 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 27 20 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ъ",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Deverbal from stative/essive verbs inflecting in *-ěti/*-jati, yielding Proto-Slavic *-ějь."
],
"id": "en--jь-sla-pro-suffix-pNS33CsO",
"links": [
[
"*-ěti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ěti#English"
],
[
"*-jati",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-jati#English"
],
[
"Proto-Slavic",
"w:Proto-Slavic language"
],
[
"*-ějь",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ějь#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0",
"english": "functionally",
"word": "-ьjь"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 8 18 13 13 10 11 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 7 19 13 13 10 11 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 18 17 17 12 14 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 27 20 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ъ",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Deverbal from factive verbs inflecting in *-ati, yielding Proto-Slavic *-ajь."
],
"id": "en--jь-sla-pro-suffix-2TGbEI3O",
"links": [
[
"*-ati",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ati#English"
],
[
"Proto-Slavic",
"w:Proto-Slavic language"
],
[
"*-ajь",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ajь#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-jь"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-yós",
"t": "belonging to"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-yós (“belonging to”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *-yós (“belonging to”).",
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-jь",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 8 18 13 13 10 11 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 7 19 13 13 10 11 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 18 17 17 12 14 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "mojь (“mine”) ← *mi (“me”) (dative)"
},
{
"text": "tvojь (“ray”) ← *ti (“thee”) (dative)"
},
{
"text": "svojь (“own”) ← *si (“self”) (dative)"
},
{
"text": "našь (“our”) ← *nàsъ (“ours”) (genitive)"
},
{
"text": "vašь (“your”) ← *vàsъ (“yours”) (genitive)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Pronominal ending, attached to o-grade root, forming possessive pronouns"
],
"id": "en--jь-sla-pro-suffix-ZTsUFsD6",
"raw_glosses": [
"Pronominal ending, attached to o-grade root, forming possessive pronouns:"
],
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"particle",
"relative"
],
"word": "jь"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-jь"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:R:gem:PIEPG",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic adjective-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic masculine suffixes",
"Proto-Slavic noun-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic soft adjectives",
"Proto-Slavic soft masculine o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic soft o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic suffixes",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "-и"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: -и (-i)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: -и (-i)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "-и",
"3": "-й"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: -и (-i), -й (-j)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: -и (-i), -й (-j)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "-й"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: -й (-j)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: -й (-j)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "-й"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: -й (-j)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: -й (-j)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-й"
},
"expansion": "Russian: -й (-j)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: -й (-j)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-и"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: -и (-i)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic: -и (-i)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "with palatalization of the preceding phoneme"
},
"expansion": "(with palatalization of the preceding phoneme)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: -ʲ(0/a/e) (with palatalization of the preceding phoneme)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Macedonian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-i",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: -i",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: -i"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-и",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: -и",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: -и"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "-í"
},
"expansion": "Czech: -í",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: -í"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "-i",
"3": "-y"
},
"expansion": "Polish: -i, -y",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: -i, -y"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "-í"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: -í",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: -í"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "-i",
"3": "-y"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: -i, -y",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: -i, -y"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-yós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-yós",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-yos",
"4": "*-yos ~ *-is"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-yos ~ *-is",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*siňь"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *siňь",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "-ỹs"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian -ỹs",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "under stress"
},
"expansion": "(under stress)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "-ias"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian -ias",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "elsewhere"
},
"expansion": "(elsewhere)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "-̧s, -̧š"
},
"expansion": "Latvian -̧s, -̧š",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Continues Proto-Indo-European *-yós and partially the marginal elative Caland suffix Proto-Indo-European *-yos ~ *-is. In some cases, e.g. Proto-Slavic *siňь, the jo-stem may have spread from the comparative *-jьš-.\nOver time, some yo-stem adjectives were fossilized into nouns and some kinetic i-stems were leveled out into jo-stems, giving rise to Slavic jo-stem nouns. Another source of jo-stem nouns is from Illič-Svityč's law , which transformed neutral ap B nouns (including jo-stems) into masculine.\nCognate with Lithuanian -ỹs (under stress), -is (genitive -io), Lithuanian -ias/-jas (elsewhere), Latvian -̧s, -̧š.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-adj-soft",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-jь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-je",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-je",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jemь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jejǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jemь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"locative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-je",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-je",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "-jema",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"indefinite",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "-jama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"feminine",
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "-jema",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"indefinite",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "-ja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"indefinite",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"feminine",
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"indefinite",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "-jema",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "-jama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-jema",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indefinite",
"locative",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indefinite",
"locative",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "-ja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jemъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jemъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jixъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"locative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jixъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"locative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-adj-soft",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-jьjь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jeje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jajego",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ję̇ję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jajego",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jujemu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jiji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jujemu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jьjь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jǫjǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jeje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijimь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jǫjǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijimь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijemь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jiji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijemь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"locative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jьjь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-jeje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"masculine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-jiji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"feminine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-jiji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"neuter",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-juju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"genitive",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "-juju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"feminine",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-juju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"genitive",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"dual",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"dual",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"dual",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "-jiji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "-jiji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"dual",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"instrumental",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"feminine",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"instrumental",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "-juju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"locative",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "-juju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"feminine",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-juju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"locative",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"masculine",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-jiji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"feminine",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-jiji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"neuter",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-jiji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ję̇ję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jьjixъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jьjixъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jьjixъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijimъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijimъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijimъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ję̇ję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ję̇ję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijimi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijimi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijimi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijixъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"locative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijixъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jijixъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"locative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jiji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ję̇ję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "j"
},
"name": "sla-decl-adj-soft"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-jь",
"10": "-ję̇",
"11": "-ji",
"12": "-ji",
"13": "-jejǫ",
"14": "-je",
"15": "-je",
"16": "-je",
"17": "-ja",
"18": "-ji",
"19": "-ju",
"2": "-jь",
"20": "-jemь",
"21": "-je",
"22": "-ja",
"23": "-ja",
"24": "-ju",
"25": "-ju",
"26": "-jema",
"27": "-jema",
"28": "-ja",
"29": "-ji",
"3": "-ja",
"30": "-ji",
"31": "-ju",
"32": "-ju",
"33": "-jama",
"34": "-jama",
"35": "-ji",
"36": "-ji",
"37": "-ji",
"38": "-ju",
"39": "-ju",
"4": "-ji",
"40": "-jema",
"41": "-jema",
"42": "-ji",
"43": "-ji",
"44": "-ję̇",
"45": "-jь",
"46": "-jixъ",
"47": "-jemъ",
"48": "-ji",
"49": "-ji",
"5": "-ju",
"50": "-ję̇",
"51": "-ję̇",
"52": "-jь",
"53": "-jaxъ",
"54": "-jamъ",
"55": "-jami",
"56": "-ję̇",
"57": "-ja",
"58": "-ja",
"59": "-jь",
"6": "-jemь",
"60": "-jixъ",
"61": "-jemъ",
"62": "-ji",
"63": "-ja",
"7": "-ju",
"8": "-ja",
"9": "-jǫ",
"title": "Indefinite declension of *-jь (soft)"
},
"name": "sla-decl-adj-table"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-jьjь",
"10": "-ję̇ję̇",
"11": "-jiji",
"12": "-jiji",
"13": "-jǫjǫ",
"14": "-jaja",
"15": "-jeje",
"16": "-jeje",
"17": "-jajego",
"18": "-jijemь",
"19": "-jujemu",
"2": "-jьjь",
"20": "-jijimь",
"21": "-jeje",
"22": "-jaja",
"23": "-jaja",
"24": "-juju",
"25": "-juju",
"26": "-jijima",
"27": "-jijima",
"28": "-jaja",
"29": "-jiji",
"3": "-jajego",
"30": "-jiji",
"31": "-juju",
"32": "-juju",
"33": "-jijima",
"34": "-jijima",
"35": "-jiji",
"36": "-jiji",
"37": "-jiji",
"38": "-juju",
"39": "-juju",
"4": "-jijemь",
"40": "-jijima",
"41": "-jijima",
"42": "-jiji",
"43": "-jiji",
"44": "-ję̇ję̇",
"45": "-jьjixъ",
"46": "-jijixъ",
"47": "-jijimъ",
"48": "-jijimi",
"49": "-jiji",
"5": "-jujemu",
"50": "-ję̇ję̇",
"51": "-ję̇ję̇",
"52": "-jьjixъ",
"53": "-jijixъ",
"54": "-jijimъ",
"55": "-jijimi",
"56": "-ję̇ję̇",
"57": "-jaja",
"58": "-jaja",
"59": "-jьjixъ",
"6": "-jijimь",
"60": "-jijixъ",
"61": "-jijimъ",
"62": "-jijimi",
"63": "-jaja",
"7": "-jьjь",
"8": "-jaja",
"9": "-jǫjǫ",
"title": "Definite declension of *-jь (soft)"
},
"name": "sla-decl-adj-table"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-jь",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "dobľь (“honest”)"
},
{
"text": "ryďь (“ruddy, ginger”)"
},
{
"text": "siňь (“glaucos blue/gray”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Adjectival inherited from the Caland roots, usually with exceptional or magnifying meaning"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Adjectival inherited from the Caland roots, usually with exceptional or magnifying meaning:"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "lošь (“bad”)"
},
{
"text": "dužь (“strong”)"
},
{
"text": "bujь (“aggressive, fierce”)"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "secondary origin"
},
{
"word": "attached to o-grade roots"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Adjectival of secondary origin, attached to o-grade roots"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Adjectival of secondary origin, attached to o-grade roots:"
],
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "functionally",
"word": "-ьjь"
}
],
"word": "-jь"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:R:gem:PIEPG",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic adjective-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic masculine suffixes",
"Proto-Slavic noun-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic soft adjectives",
"Proto-Slavic soft masculine o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic soft o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic suffixes",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-yós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-yós",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-yos",
"4": "*-yos ~ *-is"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-yos ~ *-is",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*siňь"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *siňь",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "-ỹs"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian -ỹs",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "under stress"
},
"expansion": "(under stress)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "-ias"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian -ias",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "elsewhere"
},
"expansion": "(elsewhere)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "-̧s, -̧š"
},
"expansion": "Latvian -̧s, -̧š",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Continues Proto-Indo-European *-yós and partially the marginal elative Caland suffix Proto-Indo-European *-yos ~ *-is. In some cases, e.g. Proto-Slavic *siňь, the jo-stem may have spread from the comparative *-jьš-.\nOver time, some yo-stem adjectives were fossilized into nouns and some kinetic i-stems were leveled out into jo-stems, giving rise to Slavic jo-stem nouns. Another source of jo-stem nouns is from Illič-Svityč's law , which transformed neutral ap B nouns (including jo-stems) into masculine.\nCognate with Lithuanian -ỹs (under stress), -is (genitive -io), Lithuanian -ias/-jas (elsewhere), Latvian -̧s, -̧š.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-jь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-jь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jema",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-jemъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jьmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jemь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jema",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-jixъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"stem": "o"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-jь",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"roman": "i-stem",
"word": "-ь"
},
{
"english": "noun-forming, usually denoting manner or location as well as the standard ending for deverbial action nouns",
"sense": "*-ьjь",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "-ьje"
},
{
"english": "noun-forming, denoting collectiveness",
"sense": "*-ьjь",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ьja"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "mǫžь (“man”)"
},
{
"text": "moľь (“moth”)"
},
{
"text": "koňь (“horse”)"
},
{
"text": "ǫ̃žь (“snake”) (from a leveled PIE proterokinetic i-stem)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Nominal inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic, e.g."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Nominal inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic, e.g.:"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "functionally",
"word": "-ьjь"
}
],
"word": "-jь"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic masculine suffixes",
"Proto-Slavic noun-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic soft masculine o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic soft o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic suffixes",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ъ"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*-jeti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-jeti",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*-ъ"
},
"expansion": "*-ъ",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "-ỹs"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian -ỹs",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From verbal stems inflecting (explicitly or implicitly) with Proto-Slavic *-jeti + *-ъ.\nCognate with Lithuanian -ỹs.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-jь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-jь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jema",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-jemъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jьmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jemь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jema",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-jixъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"stem": "o"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-jь",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "kyjь (“hammer”) ← *kuti (“to hew”)"
},
{
"text": "pьňь (“stump”) ←*pęti (“to stretch”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Deverbal from root-emphatic verbs inflecting in original Proto-Slavic *-jeti, creates agent/instrument nouns"
],
"links": [
[
"Proto-Slavic",
"w:Proto-Slavic language"
],
[
"*-jeti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-jeti#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Deverbal from root-emphatic verbs inflecting in original Proto-Slavic *-jeti, creates agent/instrument nouns:"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "voďь (“leader”) ← *voditi (“to lead”)"
},
{
"text": "lučь (“ray”) ← *lučiti (“to pinpoint, to target”)"
},
{
"text": "nožь (“knife”) ← *noziti (“to skewer”)"
},
{
"text": "gojь (“fest, abundance”) ← *gojiti (“to feed”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Deverbal from causative/iterative verbs inflecting in Proto-Slavic *-iti, creates agent/instrument nouns"
],
"links": [
[
"Proto-Slavic",
"w:Proto-Slavic language"
],
[
"*-iti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-iti#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Deverbal from causative/iterative verbs inflecting in Proto-Slavic *-iti, creates agent/instrument nouns:"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Deverbal from stative/essive verbs inflecting in *-ěti/*-jati, yielding Proto-Slavic *-ějь."
],
"links": [
[
"*-ěti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ěti#English"
],
[
"*-jati",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-jati#English"
],
[
"Proto-Slavic",
"w:Proto-Slavic language"
],
[
"*-ějь",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ějь#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Deverbal from factive verbs inflecting in *-ati, yielding Proto-Slavic *-ajь."
],
"links": [
[
"*-ati",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ati#English"
],
[
"Proto-Slavic",
"w:Proto-Slavic language"
],
[
"*-ajь",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ajь#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "functionally",
"word": "-ьjь"
}
],
"word": "-jь"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-yós",
"t": "belonging to"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-yós (“belonging to”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *-yós (“belonging to”).",
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-jь",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"particle",
"relative"
],
"word": "jь"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "mojь (“mine”) ← *mi (“me”) (dative)"
},
{
"text": "tvojь (“ray”) ← *ti (“thee”) (dative)"
},
{
"text": "svojь (“own”) ← *si (“self”) (dative)"
},
{
"text": "našь (“our”) ← *nàsъ (“ours”) (genitive)"
},
{
"text": "vašь (“your”) ← *vàsъ (“yours”) (genitive)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Pronominal ending, attached to o-grade root, forming possessive pronouns"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Pronominal ending, attached to o-grade root, forming possessive pronouns:"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "functionally",
"word": "-ьjь"
}
],
"word": "-jь"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -jь meaning in Proto-Slavic (31.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.