See -ьba in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "-ьба"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: -ьба (-ĭba)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: -ьба (-ĭba)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "-ба"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: -ба (-ba)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: -ба (-ba)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-ьба",
"3": "-ба"
},
"expansion": "Russian: -ьба (-ʹba), -ба (-ba)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: -ьба (-ʹba), -ба (-ba)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "-ьба",
"3": "-ба"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: -ьба (-ʹba), -ба (-ba)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: -ьба (-ʹba), -ба (-ba)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-ьба",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: -ьба (-ĭba)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: -ьба (-ĭba)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-ⱐⰱⰰ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Glagolitic script: -ⱐⰱⰰ (-ĭba)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic script: -ⱐⰱⰰ (-ĭba)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "-ба"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: -ба (-ba)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: -ба (-ba)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "-ба"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: -ба (-ba)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: -ба (-ba)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-ба",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: -ба",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: -ба"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-ba",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: -ba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: -ba"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "-ba"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: -ba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: -ba"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "-ba"
},
"expansion": "Czech: -ba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: -ba"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "-ba"
},
"expansion": "Polish: -ba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: -ba"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "-ba"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: -ba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: -ba"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "-ba"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: -ba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: -ba"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "-ba"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: -ba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: -ba"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*-ba"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ba",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-bʰo-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-bʰo-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "-ýba"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian -ýba",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "-ība"
},
"expansion": "Latvian -ība",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Originally the suffix proper is *-ba, with *-ь and *-o abstracted from i- and o-stem basewords, respectively. Sometimes the original abstract noun in *-ь is still preserved, e.g.\n* *bornь (“defense; fight; dispute”) → *bornьba\n* *rězь (“cut, cutting”) → *rězьba\nFurther, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ba, from Proto-Indo-European *-bʰo-, *-bʰeh₂ found in nouns and adjectives.\nCognate with Lithuanian -ýba, -ỹbė and Latvian -ība.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьba",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьbě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьbu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьbъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьbě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьbama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьbamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьbǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьbě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьbojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьbǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьbama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьbami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьbě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьbu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьbasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьbaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьbo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьbě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ьba",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "družьba (“company”) ⇐ *družiti sę (“to socialize, get together”) ⇐ *drugъ"
},
{
"text": "služьba (“service, serving”) ⇐ *služiti (“to serve”) ⇐ *sluga"
},
{
"text": "gǫdьba (“band”) ⇐ *gǫsti (“to play a string instrument”) < *gǫdti"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms action nouns from verbs."
],
"id": "en--ьba-sla-pro-suffix-grqUOYY9",
"links": [
[
"action noun",
"action noun#English"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "-tva"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-oba?"
},
{
"alt": "in *pravьda; *prěmьda, *krivьda, *voržьda, *bajьda",
"word": "-ьda"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-ьba"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "-ьба"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: -ьба (-ĭba)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: -ьба (-ĭba)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "-ба"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: -ба (-ba)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: -ба (-ba)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-ьба",
"3": "-ба"
},
"expansion": "Russian: -ьба (-ʹba), -ба (-ba)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: -ьба (-ʹba), -ба (-ba)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "-ьба",
"3": "-ба"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: -ьба (-ʹba), -ба (-ba)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: -ьба (-ʹba), -ба (-ba)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-ьба",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: -ьба (-ĭba)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: -ьба (-ĭba)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-ⱐⰱⰰ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Glagolitic script: -ⱐⰱⰰ (-ĭba)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic script: -ⱐⰱⰰ (-ĭba)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "-ба"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: -ба (-ba)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: -ба (-ba)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "-ба"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: -ба (-ba)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: -ба (-ba)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-ба",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: -ба",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: -ба"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-ba",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: -ba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: -ba"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "-ba"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: -ba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: -ba"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "-ba"
},
"expansion": "Czech: -ba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: -ba"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "-ba"
},
"expansion": "Polish: -ba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: -ba"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "-ba"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: -ba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: -ba"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "-ba"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: -ba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: -ba"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "-ba"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: -ba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: -ba"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*-ba"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ba",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-bʰo-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-bʰo-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "-ýba"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian -ýba",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "-ība"
},
"expansion": "Latvian -ība",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Originally the suffix proper is *-ba, with *-ь and *-o abstracted from i- and o-stem basewords, respectively. Sometimes the original abstract noun in *-ь is still preserved, e.g.\n* *bornь (“defense; fight; dispute”) → *bornьba\n* *rězь (“cut, cutting”) → *rězьba\nFurther, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ba, from Proto-Indo-European *-bʰo-, *-bʰeh₂ found in nouns and adjectives.\nCognate with Lithuanian -ýba, -ỹbė and Latvian -ība.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьba",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьbě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьbu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьbъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьbě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьbama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьbamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьbǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьbě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьbojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьbǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьbama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьbami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьbě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьbu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьbasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьbaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьbo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьbě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ьba",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-tva"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine suffixes",
"Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic noun-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Slavic suffixes",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "družьba (“company”) ⇐ *družiti sę (“to socialize, get together”) ⇐ *drugъ"
},
{
"text": "služьba (“service, serving”) ⇐ *služiti (“to serve”) ⇐ *sluga"
},
{
"text": "gǫdьba (“band”) ⇐ *gǫsti (“to play a string instrument”) < *gǫdti"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms action nouns from verbs."
],
"links": [
[
"action noun",
"action noun#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-oba?"
},
{
"alt": "in *pravьda; *prěmьda, *krivьda, *voržьda, *bajьda",
"word": "-ьda"
}
],
"word": "-ьba"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ьba meaning in Proto-Slavic (7.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (95d2be1 and 64224ec). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.