See winnen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for winnen meaning in Middle English (7.9kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "win"
},
"expansion": "English: win",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: win"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "win"
},
"expansion": "Scots: win",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: win"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "winnan",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English winnan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "winnan"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English winnan",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*winnan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *winnan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*winnaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to labor; to win, gain; to fight, strive"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *winnaną (“to labor; to win, gain; to fight, strive”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English winnan, from Proto-West Germanic *winnan, from Proto-Germanic *winnaną (“to labor; to win, gain; to fight, strive”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "winneth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "winnende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wan",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wonnen",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "3",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "winnen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to winnen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "winne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "winne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "won",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "winnest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wonne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wanne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "won",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "winneth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "won",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "winne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "wonne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "wanne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "winne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "winnen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "winne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wonnen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wonne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wannen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wanne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "winneth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "winne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "winnynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "winnende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wonnen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "wonne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ywonnen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ywonne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "winnen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "winneth",
"2": "winnende",
"3": "wan",
"4": "wonnen"
},
"expansion": "winnen (third-person singular simple present winneth, present participle winnende, first-/third-person singular past indicative wan, past participle wonnen)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "winn",
"2": "wan",
"2a": "won",
"3": "wonn",
"3a": "wann",
"4": "wonn",
"c": "3"
},
"name": "enm-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "awinnen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "biwinnen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "iwinnen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wynnere"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wynnyng"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to exert effort, strive for"
],
"id": "en-winnen-enm-verb-MhE9CKa5",
"links": [
[
"effort",
"effort"
],
[
"strive",
"strive"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 26 5 15 7 8 14 8 9",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "War",
"orig": "enm:War",
"parents": [
"Conflict",
"Military",
"Violence",
"Human behaviour",
"Society",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to fight against, war against"
],
"id": "en-winnen-enm-verb-n0erkJ4Q"
},
{
"glosses": [
"to suffer"
],
"id": "en-winnen-enm-verb-Crk7pLfN",
"links": [
[
"suffer",
"suffer"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to gain (territory, wisdom, success, a cow, a prize, etc.)"
],
"id": "en-winnen-enm-verb-PeHCQ0~F",
"links": [
[
"gain",
"gain"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 12 60 4 5 3 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Money",
"orig": "enm:Money",
"parents": [
"Business",
"Economics",
"Society",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to make profit, a living, earn a salary"
],
"id": "en-winnen-enm-verb-vBFlfb4G",
"links": [
[
"profit",
"profit"
],
[
"living",
"living"
],
[
"salary",
"salary"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to beget"
],
"id": "en-winnen-enm-verb-zJOa2b-U",
"links": [
[
"beget",
"beget"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to defeat, triumph over, subjugate"
],
"id": "en-winnen-enm-verb-~uFz3E-c",
"links": [
[
"defeat",
"defeat"
],
[
"triumph",
"triumph"
],
[
"subjugate",
"subjugate"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to proceed, go"
],
"id": "en-winnen-enm-verb-1aotOc9s",
"links": [
[
"proceed",
"proceed"
],
[
"go",
"go"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to take, remove"
],
"id": "en-winnen-enm-verb-9wbtFw5y",
"links": [
[
"take",
"take"
],
[
"remove",
"remove"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈwinən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "win"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "winne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wine"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "when"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wynnen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wyn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wynne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wyne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wene"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "whin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Northern"
],
"word": "whyn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "winnie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "winnien"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wunnen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wynnye"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Southwestern"
],
"word": "wynnyen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "southwest Midlands",
"word": "wynnyen"
}
],
"word": "winnen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English class 3 strong verbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle English verbs",
"enm:Money",
"enm:War"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "win"
},
"expansion": "English: win",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: win"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "win"
},
"expansion": "Scots: win",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: win"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "winnan",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English winnan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "winnan"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English winnan",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*winnan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *winnan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*winnaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to labor; to win, gain; to fight, strive"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *winnaną (“to labor; to win, gain; to fight, strive”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English winnan, from Proto-West Germanic *winnan, from Proto-Germanic *winnaną (“to labor; to win, gain; to fight, strive”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "winneth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "winnende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wan",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wonnen",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "3",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "winnen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to winnen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "winne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "winne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "won",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "winnest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wonne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wanne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "won",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "winneth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "won",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "winne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "wonne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "wanne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "winne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "winnen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "winne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wonnen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wonne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wannen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wanne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "winneth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "winne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "winnynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "winnende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wonnen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "wonne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ywonnen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ywonne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "winnen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "winneth",
"2": "winnende",
"3": "wan",
"4": "wonnen"
},
"expansion": "winnen (third-person singular simple present winneth, present participle winnende, first-/third-person singular past indicative wan, past participle wonnen)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "winn",
"2": "wan",
"2a": "won",
"3": "wonn",
"3a": "wann",
"4": "wonn",
"c": "3"
},
"name": "enm-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "awinnen"
},
{
"word": "biwinnen"
},
{
"word": "iwinnen"
},
{
"word": "wynnere"
},
{
"word": "wynnyng"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to exert effort, strive for"
],
"links": [
[
"effort",
"effort"
],
[
"strive",
"strive"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to fight against, war against"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to suffer"
],
"links": [
[
"suffer",
"suffer"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to gain (territory, wisdom, success, a cow, a prize, etc.)"
],
"links": [
[
"gain",
"gain"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to make profit, a living, earn a salary"
],
"links": [
[
"profit",
"profit"
],
[
"living",
"living"
],
[
"salary",
"salary"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to beget"
],
"links": [
[
"beget",
"beget"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to defeat, triumph over, subjugate"
],
"links": [
[
"defeat",
"defeat"
],
[
"triumph",
"triumph"
],
[
"subjugate",
"subjugate"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to proceed, go"
],
"links": [
[
"proceed",
"proceed"
],
[
"go",
"go"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to take, remove"
],
"links": [
[
"take",
"take"
],
[
"remove",
"remove"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈwinən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "win"
},
{
"word": "winne"
},
{
"word": "wine"
},
{
"word": "when"
},
{
"word": "wynnen"
},
{
"word": "wyn"
},
{
"word": "wynne"
},
{
"word": "wyne"
},
{
"word": "wen"
},
{
"word": "wene"
},
{
"word": "whin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern"
],
"word": "whyn"
},
{
"word": "winnie"
},
{
"word": "winnien"
},
{
"word": "wunnen"
},
{
"word": "wynnye"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern"
],
"word": "wynnyen"
},
{
"english": "southwest Midlands",
"word": "wynnyen"
}
],
"word": "winnen"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.