"er" meaning in Latin

See er in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /eːr/ [Classical], [eːr] [Classical], /er/ (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [ɛr] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: From Proto-Italic *hēr, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰḗr (“hedgehog”) (whence also Ancient Greek χήρ (khḗr, “hedgehog”)), a root noun from *ǵʰer- (“to be excited, be bristly”), whence also Ancient Greek χοῖρος (khoîros, “young pig”) and Albanian derr (“pig”) from *ǵʰór-yos. Etymology templates: {{inh|la|itc-pro|*hēr}} Proto-Italic *hēr, {{inh|la|ine-pro|*ǵʰḗr||hedgehog}} Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰḗr (“hedgehog”), {{cog|grc|χήρ||hedgehog}} Ancient Greek χήρ (khḗr, “hedgehog”), {{m|ine-pro|*ǵʰer-||to be excited, be bristly}} *ǵʰer- (“to be excited, be bristly”), {{cog|grc|χοῖρος||young pig}} Ancient Greek χοῖρος (khoîros, “young pig”), {{cog|sq|derr||pig}} Albanian derr (“pig”), {{m|ine-pro|*ǵʰóryos|*ǵʰór-yos}} *ǵʰór-yos Head templates: {{la-noun|ēr<3>|g=m}} ēr m (genitive ēris); third declension Inflection templates: {{la-ndecl|ēr<3>}} Forms: ēr [canonical, masculine], ēris [genitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], ēr [nominative, singular], ērēs [nominative, plural], ēris [genitive, singular], ērum [genitive, plural], ērī [dative, singular], ēribus [dative, plural], ērem [accusative, singular], ērēs [accusative, plural], ēre [ablative, singular], ēribus [ablative, plural], ēr [singular, vocative], ērēs [plural, vocative]
  1. hedgehog Tags: declension-3 Related terms: ēricius (english: hedgehog; picket)
    Sense id: en-er-la-noun-BkpDgytP Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header, Latin entries with topic categories using raw markup, Latin masculine nouns in the third declension Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 83 17 Disambiguation of Latin entries with topic categories using raw markup: 97 3
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: /er/ [Classical], [ɛr] [Classical], /er/ (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [ɛr] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Head templates: {{la-noun|er|g=f|indecl=y}} er f (indeclinable)
  1. The name of the letter R. Tags: feminine, indeclinable Categories (topical): Latin letter names
    Sense id: en-er-la-noun-~rL5ldlM Disambiguation of Latin letter names: 33 67 Coordinate_terms: littera [Latin, letter-name], ā [Latin, letter-name], bē [Latin, letter-name], cē [Latin, letter-name], dē [Latin, letter-name], ē [Latin, letter-name], ef [Latin, letter-name], gē [Latin, letter-name], hā [Latin, letter-name], *acca [Latin, letter-name], ī [Latin, letter-name], kā [Latin, letter-name], el [Latin, letter-name], em [Latin, letter-name], en [Latin, letter-name], ō [Latin, letter-name], pē [Latin, letter-name], kū [Latin, letter-name], es [Latin, letter-name], tē [Latin, letter-name], ū [Latin, letter-name], ix [Latin, letter-name], īx [Latin, letter-name], ex [Latin, letter-name], ȳ [Latin, letter-name], ī graeca [Latin, letter-name], ȳpsīlon [Latin, letter-name], zēta [Latin, letter-name]
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Download JSON data for er meaning in Latin (6.0kB)

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*hēr"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *hēr",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵʰḗr",
        "4": "",
        "5": "hedgehog"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰḗr (“hedgehog”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "χήρ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "hedgehog"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek χήρ (khḗr, “hedgehog”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*ǵʰer-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to be excited, be bristly"
      },
      "expansion": "*ǵʰer- (“to be excited, be bristly”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "χοῖρος",
        "3": "",
        "4": "young pig"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek χοῖρος (khoîros, “young pig”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "derr",
        "3": "",
        "4": "pig"
      },
      "expansion": "Albanian derr (“pig”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*ǵʰóryos",
        "3": "*ǵʰór-yos"
      },
      "expansion": "*ǵʰór-yos",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *hēr, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰḗr (“hedgehog”) (whence also Ancient Greek χήρ (khḗr, “hedgehog”)), a root noun from *ǵʰer- (“to be excited, be bristly”), whence also Ancient Greek χοῖρος (khoîros, “young pig”) and Albanian derr (“pig”) from *ǵʰór-yos.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ēr",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēris",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēr",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ērēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēris",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ērum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ērī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēribus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ērem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ērēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēribus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēr",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ērēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ēr<3>",
        "g": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "ēr m (genitive ēris); third declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ēr<3>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "83 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "97 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hedgehog"
      ],
      "id": "en-er-la-noun-BkpDgytP",
      "links": [
        [
          "hedgehog",
          "hedgehog"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "english": "hedgehog; picket",
          "word": "ēricius"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/eːr/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[eːr]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/er/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɛr]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "er"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "er",
        "g": "f",
        "indecl": "y"
      },
      "expansion": "er f (indeclinable)",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "33 67",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Latin letter names",
          "orig": "la:Latin letter names",
          "parents": [
            "Letter names",
            "Letters, symbols, and punctuation",
            "Names",
            "Orthography",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Writing",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Language",
            "Lemmas",
            "Human",
            "Communication"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "coordinate_terms": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "letter-name"
          ],
          "word": "littera"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "letter-name"
          ],
          "word": "ā"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "letter-name"
          ],
          "word": "bē"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "letter-name"
          ],
          "word": "cē"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "letter-name"
          ],
          "word": "dē"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "letter-name"
          ],
          "word": "ē"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "letter-name"
          ],
          "word": "ef"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "letter-name"
          ],
          "word": "gē"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "letter-name"
          ],
          "word": "hā"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "letter-name"
          ],
          "word": "*acca"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "letter-name"
          ],
          "word": "ī"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "letter-name"
          ],
          "word": "kā"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "letter-name"
          ],
          "word": "el"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "letter-name"
          ],
          "word": "em"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "letter-name"
          ],
          "word": "en"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "letter-name"
          ],
          "word": "ō"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "letter-name"
          ],
          "word": "pē"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "letter-name"
          ],
          "word": "kū"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "letter-name"
          ],
          "word": "es"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "letter-name"
          ],
          "word": "tē"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "letter-name"
          ],
          "word": "ū"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "letter-name"
          ],
          "word": "ix"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "letter-name"
          ],
          "word": "īx"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "letter-name"
          ],
          "word": "ex"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "letter-name"
          ],
          "word": "ȳ"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "letter-name"
          ],
          "word": "ī graeca"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "letter-name"
          ],
          "word": "ȳpsīlon"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "letter-name"
          ],
          "word": "zēta"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The name of the letter R."
      ],
      "id": "en-er-la-noun-~rL5ldlM",
      "links": [
        [
          "R",
          "R#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indeclinable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/er/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɛr]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/er/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɛr]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "er"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 1-syllable words",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "Latin feminine indeclinable nouns",
    "Latin feminine nouns",
    "Latin indeclinable nouns",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin masculine nouns",
    "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
    "Latin nouns",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Latin third declension nouns",
    "la:Latin letter names"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*hēr"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *hēr",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵʰḗr",
        "4": "",
        "5": "hedgehog"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰḗr (“hedgehog”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "χήρ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "hedgehog"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek χήρ (khḗr, “hedgehog”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*ǵʰer-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to be excited, be bristly"
      },
      "expansion": "*ǵʰer- (“to be excited, be bristly”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "χοῖρος",
        "3": "",
        "4": "young pig"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek χοῖρος (khoîros, “young pig”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "derr",
        "3": "",
        "4": "pig"
      },
      "expansion": "Albanian derr (“pig”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*ǵʰóryos",
        "3": "*ǵʰór-yos"
      },
      "expansion": "*ǵʰór-yos",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *hēr, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰḗr (“hedgehog”) (whence also Ancient Greek χήρ (khḗr, “hedgehog”)), a root noun from *ǵʰer- (“to be excited, be bristly”), whence also Ancient Greek χοῖρος (khoîros, “young pig”) and Albanian derr (“pig”) from *ǵʰór-yos.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ēr",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēris",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēr",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ērēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēris",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ērum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ērī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēribus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ērem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ērēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēribus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēr",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ērēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ēr<3>",
        "g": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "ēr m (genitive ēris); third declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ēr<3>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "hedgehog; picket",
      "word": "ēricius"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "hedgehog"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hedgehog",
          "hedgehog"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/eːr/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[eːr]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/er/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɛr]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "er"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 1-syllable words",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "Latin feminine indeclinable nouns",
    "Latin feminine nouns",
    "Latin indeclinable nouns",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin nouns",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "la:Latin letter names"
  ],
  "coordinate_terms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "letter-name"
      ],
      "word": "littera"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "letter-name"
      ],
      "word": "ā"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "letter-name"
      ],
      "word": "bē"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "letter-name"
      ],
      "word": "cē"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "letter-name"
      ],
      "word": "dē"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "letter-name"
      ],
      "word": "ē"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "letter-name"
      ],
      "word": "ef"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "letter-name"
      ],
      "word": "gē"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "letter-name"
      ],
      "word": "hā"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "letter-name"
      ],
      "word": "*acca"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "letter-name"
      ],
      "word": "ī"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "letter-name"
      ],
      "word": "kā"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "letter-name"
      ],
      "word": "el"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "letter-name"
      ],
      "word": "em"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "letter-name"
      ],
      "word": "en"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "letter-name"
      ],
      "word": "ō"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "letter-name"
      ],
      "word": "pē"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "letter-name"
      ],
      "word": "kū"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "letter-name"
      ],
      "word": "es"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "letter-name"
      ],
      "word": "tē"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "letter-name"
      ],
      "word": "ū"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "letter-name"
      ],
      "word": "ix"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "letter-name"
      ],
      "word": "īx"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "letter-name"
      ],
      "word": "ex"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "letter-name"
      ],
      "word": "ȳ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "letter-name"
      ],
      "word": "ī graeca"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "letter-name"
      ],
      "word": "ȳpsīlon"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "letter-name"
      ],
      "word": "zēta"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "er",
        "g": "f",
        "indecl": "y"
      },
      "expansion": "er f (indeclinable)",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The name of the letter R."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "R",
          "R#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indeclinable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/er/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɛr]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/er/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɛr]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "er"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.