"arbiter" meaning in Latin

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "álvidro"
          },
          "expansion": "Portuguese: álvidro",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Portuguese: álvidro"
    },
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [],
      "text": ""
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ca",
            "2": "àrbitre",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Catalan: àrbitre",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Catalan: àrbitre"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "arbiter",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: arbiter",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: arbiter"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "arbitre",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ French: arbitre\n→ Russian: арбитр (arbitr)\n→ Georgian: არბიტრი (arbiṭri)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ French: arbitre\n→ Russian: арбитр (arbitr)\n→ Georgian: არბიტრი (arbiṭri)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "arbitro",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Italian: arbitro",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Italian: arbitro"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "árbitro",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Portuguese: árbitro",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Portuguese: árbitro"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "arbitru",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Romanian: arbitru",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Romanian: arbitru"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "scn",
            "2": "àrbitru",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Sicilian: àrbitru",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Sicilian: àrbitru"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "árbitro",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Spanish: árbitro",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Spanish: árbitro"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xum",
        "2": "ařputrati",
        "3": "",
        "4": "according to the judgement",
        "pos": "abl.sg."
      },
      "expansion": "Umbrian ařputrati (“according to the judgement”, abl.sg.)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "arbitrātū"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin arbitrātū",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain, but probably cognate to Umbrian ařputrati (“according to the judgement”, abl.sg.), corresponding to Latin arbitrātū. Possibly from ad- + baetō, with sporadic d > r as in arvorsum, arfuise, thus originally meaning \"one that goes to something in order to see or hear it\". However, that verb has no certain etymology, and the Umbrian pu remains unexplained. De Vaan suggests a derivation from putō to explain the Umbrian pu, however that is still morphologically difficult since the latter is based on an adjective. The voiced b would have to be exceptional or explained by some peculiarity of the řp sequence in Umbrian.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "arbitrī",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arbitra",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arbiter",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arbitrī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arbitrī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arbitrōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arbitrō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arbitrīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arbitrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arbitrōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arbitrō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arbitrīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arbiter",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arbitrī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "arbiter/arbitr<2>",
        "f": "arbitra"
      },
      "expansion": "arbiter m (genitive arbitrī, feminine arbitra); second declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "arbiter/arbitr<2>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "arbitrātus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "arbitrium"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "arbitror"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "43 6 10 41",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 20 23 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "witness, spectator, onlooker"
      ],
      "id": "en-arbiter-la-noun-~I66Cw1P",
      "links": [
        [
          "witness",
          "witness"
        ],
        [
          "spectator",
          "spectator"
        ],
        [
          "onlooker",
          "onlooker"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "testis"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Law",
          "orig": "la:Law",
          "parents": [
            "Justice",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "arbitrator, arbiter (having a wider power than a iūdex)"
      ],
      "id": "en-arbiter-la-noun-SQMuGi6h",
      "links": [
        [
          "law",
          "law#English"
        ],
        [
          "arbitrator",
          "arbitrator"
        ],
        [
          "arbiter",
          "arbiter#English"
        ],
        [
          "iūdex",
          "iudex"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(law) arbitrator, arbiter (having a wider power than a iūdex)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "law"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "43 6 10 41",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "(The poet is addressing Mercury (mythology).)",
          "ref": "8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 5.665–666",
          "text": "pācis et armōrum superīs īmīsque deōrum\narbiter, ālātō quī pede carpis iter\nIn peace and war, [you] arbiter of the gods – for [those both] above and below – you who navigate the journey with winged foot, …."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "judge, umpire, arbitrator, arbiter"
      ],
      "id": "en-arbiter-la-noun-y4qMiqLn",
      "links": [
        [
          "judge",
          "judge"
        ],
        [
          "umpire",
          "umpire"
        ],
        [
          "arbitrator",
          "arbitrator"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "transferred sense",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transferred sense) judge, umpire, arbitrator, arbiter"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "iūdex"
        },
        {
          "word": "disceptātor"
        },
        {
          "word": "spectātor"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "43 6 10 41",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "overseer, controller, ruler"
      ],
      "id": "en-arbiter-la-noun-POLKPVHF",
      "links": [
        [
          "overseer",
          "overseer"
        ],
        [
          "controller",
          "controller"
        ],
        [
          "ruler",
          "ruler"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "erus"
        },
        {
          "word": "domnus"
        },
        {
          "word": "dominus"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈar.bi.ter/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈärbɪt̪ɛr]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈar.bi.ter/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈärbit̪er]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "arbiter"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 3-syllable words",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin masculine nouns",
    "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
    "Latin noun forms",
    "Latin nouns",
    "Latin second declension nouns",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Latin terms with unknown etymologies",
    "Pages with 5 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "pl:Occupations",
    "pl:People"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "álvidro"
          },
          "expansion": "Portuguese: álvidro",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Portuguese: álvidro"
    },
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [],
      "text": ""
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ca",
            "2": "àrbitre",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Catalan: àrbitre",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Catalan: àrbitre"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "arbiter",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: arbiter",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: arbiter"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "arbitre",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ French: arbitre\n→ Russian: арбитр (arbitr)\n→ Georgian: არბიტრი (arbiṭri)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ French: arbitre\n→ Russian: арбитр (arbitr)\n→ Georgian: არბიტრი (arbiṭri)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "arbitro",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Italian: arbitro",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Italian: arbitro"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "árbitro",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Portuguese: árbitro",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Portuguese: árbitro"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "arbitru",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Romanian: arbitru",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Romanian: arbitru"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "scn",
            "2": "àrbitru",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Sicilian: àrbitru",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Sicilian: àrbitru"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "árbitro",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Spanish: árbitro",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Spanish: árbitro"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xum",
        "2": "ařputrati",
        "3": "",
        "4": "according to the judgement",
        "pos": "abl.sg."
      },
      "expansion": "Umbrian ařputrati (“according to the judgement”, abl.sg.)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "arbitrātū"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin arbitrātū",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain, but probably cognate to Umbrian ařputrati (“according to the judgement”, abl.sg.), corresponding to Latin arbitrātū. Possibly from ad- + baetō, with sporadic d > r as in arvorsum, arfuise, thus originally meaning \"one that goes to something in order to see or hear it\". However, that verb has no certain etymology, and the Umbrian pu remains unexplained. De Vaan suggests a derivation from putō to explain the Umbrian pu, however that is still morphologically difficult since the latter is based on an adjective. The voiced b would have to be exceptional or explained by some peculiarity of the řp sequence in Umbrian.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "arbitrī",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arbitra",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arbiter",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arbitrī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arbitrī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arbitrōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arbitrō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arbitrīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arbitrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arbitrōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arbitrō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arbitrīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arbiter",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arbitrī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "arbiter/arbitr<2>",
        "f": "arbitra"
      },
      "expansion": "arbiter m (genitive arbitrī, feminine arbitra); second declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "arbiter/arbitr<2>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "arbitrātus"
    },
    {
      "word": "arbitrium"
    },
    {
      "word": "arbitror"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "witness, spectator, onlooker"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "witness",
          "witness"
        ],
        [
          "spectator",
          "spectator"
        ],
        [
          "onlooker",
          "onlooker"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "testis"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "la:Law"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "arbitrator, arbiter (having a wider power than a iūdex)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "law",
          "law#English"
        ],
        [
          "arbitrator",
          "arbitrator"
        ],
        [
          "arbiter",
          "arbiter#English"
        ],
        [
          "iūdex",
          "iudex"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(law) arbitrator, arbiter (having a wider power than a iūdex)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "law"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin terms with quotations",
        "Latin terms with transferred senses"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "(The poet is addressing Mercury (mythology).)",
          "ref": "8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 5.665–666",
          "text": "pācis et armōrum superīs īmīsque deōrum\narbiter, ālātō quī pede carpis iter\nIn peace and war, [you] arbiter of the gods – for [those both] above and below – you who navigate the journey with winged foot, …."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "judge, umpire, arbitrator, arbiter"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "judge",
          "judge"
        ],
        [
          "umpire",
          "umpire"
        ],
        [
          "arbitrator",
          "arbitrator"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "transferred sense",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transferred sense) judge, umpire, arbitrator, arbiter"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "iūdex"
        },
        {
          "word": "disceptātor"
        },
        {
          "word": "spectātor"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "overseer, controller, ruler"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "overseer",
          "overseer"
        ],
        [
          "controller",
          "controller"
        ],
        [
          "ruler",
          "ruler"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "erus"
        },
        {
          "word": "domnus"
        },
        {
          "word": "dominus"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈar.bi.ter/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈärbɪt̪ɛr]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈar.bi.ter/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈärbit̪er]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "arbiter"
}