See testis in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "testor"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "teste",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: teste (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: teste (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*tɨst",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Brythonic: *tɨst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Brythonic: *tɨst"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "tyst"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: tyst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: tyst"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "tyst"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: tyst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: tyst"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*steh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*tristos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *tristos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*tristh₂s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tristh₂s",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osc",
"2": "trstus",
"3": "",
"4": "witnesses",
"pos": "nominative plural"
},
"expansion": "Oscan trstus (“witnesses”, nominative plural)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "For *terstis, from Proto-Italic *tristos, from Proto-Indo-European *tristh₂s (\"a third party standing\", after the two parties to a contract or dispute), from *tréyes (“three”) and *steh₂- (“to stand”). Compare Oscan trstus (“witnesses”, nominative plural).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "testis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "testis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "testēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "testis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "testium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "testī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "testibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "testem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "testēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "testīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "teste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "testibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "testis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "testēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "testis<3>",
"g": "m",
"g2": "f"
},
"expansion": "testis m or f (genitive testis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "testis<3>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "testātiō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "testātus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "testificātiō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "testificor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "testimōnium"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "People",
"orig": "la:People",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "61 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 27 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"witness"
],
"id": "en-testis-la-noun-la:witness",
"links": [
[
"witness",
"witness"
]
],
"senseid": [
"la:witness"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "arbiter"
},
{
"word": "auctor"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "la:Law",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "22 17 8 25 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 17 4 26 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 27 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"one who testifies or attests"
],
"id": "en-testis-la-noun-KIa~XXOB",
"links": [
[
"testifies",
"testify"
],
[
"attest",
"attest"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈtɛs.tɪs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈt̪ɛs.t̪is]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "testis"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "testis",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: testis (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: testis (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "testis",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Indonesian: testis (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Indonesian: testis (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "teste",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: teste (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: teste (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Serbo-Croatian: (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Serbo-Croatian: (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "тестис",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: тестис",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: тестис"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "tȅstis",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: tȅstis",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: tȅstis"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "testis",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Turkish: testis (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Turkish: testis (learned)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "disputed"
},
"expansion": "disputed",
"name": "unk"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Of disputed origin. Perhaps either:\n* From some particular use of testis (“witness”), as in \"bearing witness to the sex act\", or\n* Related to testa (“pot, shell”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "testis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "testis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "testēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "testis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "testium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "testī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "testibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "testem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "testēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "testīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "teste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "testibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "testis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "testēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "testis<3>",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "testis m (genitive testis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "testis<3>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Organs",
"orig": "la:Organs",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "22 17 8 25 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 17 4 26 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 34 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 27 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "testiculus"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "If, after this time, I catch you here again, you will be missing your testicles.",
"ref": "c. 206 BCE, Plautus, Miles Gloriosus 1426",
"text": "Si posthac prehendero ego te hīc, carebis testibus."
}
],
"glosses": [
"testicle"
],
"id": "en-testis-la-noun-la:testicle",
"links": [
[
"testicle",
"testicle"
]
],
"senseid": [
"la:testicle"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "testis"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the third declension",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin nouns with multiple genders",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *steh₂-",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin terms with unknown etymologies",
"Latin third declension nouns",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "testor"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "teste",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: teste (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: teste (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*tɨst",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Brythonic: *tɨst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Brythonic: *tɨst"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "tyst"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: tyst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: tyst"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "tyst"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: tyst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: tyst"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*steh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*tristos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *tristos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*tristh₂s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tristh₂s",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osc",
"2": "trstus",
"3": "",
"4": "witnesses",
"pos": "nominative plural"
},
"expansion": "Oscan trstus (“witnesses”, nominative plural)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "For *terstis, from Proto-Italic *tristos, from Proto-Indo-European *tristh₂s (\"a third party standing\", after the two parties to a contract or dispute), from *tréyes (“three”) and *steh₂- (“to stand”). Compare Oscan trstus (“witnesses”, nominative plural).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "testis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "testis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "testēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "testis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "testium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "testī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "testibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "testem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "testēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "testīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "teste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "testibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "testis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "testēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "testis<3>",
"g": "m",
"g2": "f"
},
"expansion": "testis m or f (genitive testis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "testis<3>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "testātiō"
},
{
"word": "testātus"
},
{
"word": "testificātiō"
},
{
"word": "testificor"
},
{
"word": "testimōnium"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"la:People"
],
"glosses": [
"witness"
],
"links": [
[
"witness",
"witness"
]
],
"senseid": [
"la:witness"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "arbiter"
},
{
"word": "auctor"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"la:Law"
],
"glosses": [
"one who testifies or attests"
],
"links": [
[
"testifies",
"testify"
],
[
"attest",
"attest"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈtɛs.tɪs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈt̪ɛs.t̪is]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "testis"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms with unknown etymologies",
"Latin third declension nouns",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "testiculus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "testis",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: testis (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: testis (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "testis",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Indonesian: testis (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Indonesian: testis (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "teste",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: teste (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: teste (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Serbo-Croatian: (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Serbo-Croatian: (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "тестис",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: тестис",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: тестис"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "tȅstis",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: tȅstis",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: tȅstis"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "testis",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Turkish: testis (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Turkish: testis (learned)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "disputed"
},
"expansion": "disputed",
"name": "unk"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Of disputed origin. Perhaps either:\n* From some particular use of testis (“witness”), as in \"bearing witness to the sex act\", or\n* Related to testa (“pot, shell”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "testis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "testis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "testēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "testis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "testium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "testī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "testibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "testem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "testēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "testīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "teste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "testibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "testis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "testēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "testis<3>",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "testis m (genitive testis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "testis<3>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations",
"la:Organs"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "If, after this time, I catch you here again, you will be missing your testicles.",
"ref": "c. 206 BCE, Plautus, Miles Gloriosus 1426",
"text": "Si posthac prehendero ego te hīc, carebis testibus."
}
],
"glosses": [
"testicle"
],
"links": [
[
"testicle",
"testicle"
]
],
"senseid": [
"la:testicle"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "testis"
}
Download raw JSONL data for testis meaning in Latin (8.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.