"acer" meaning in Latin

See acer in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: [ˈaː.kɛr] [Classical-Latin], [ˈaː.t͡ʃer] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: From Proto-Italic *akris, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱrós (“sharp”). The change from o-stem to i-stem declension is irregular and not fully explained. Likewise, Latin has irregular lengthening of the vowel. Cognate with Ancient Greek ἄκρος (ákros). Etymology templates: {{etymon|la|:inh|itc-pro:*akris}}, {{root|la|ine-pro|*h₂eḱ-}}, {{inh|la|itc-pro|*akris}} Proto-Italic *akris, {{der|la|ine-pro|*h₂eḱrós||sharp}} Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱrós (“sharp”), {{cog|grc|ἄκρος}} Ancient Greek ἄκρος (ákros) Head templates: {{la-adj|ācer<3+>|adv=ācriter|comp=ācrior|sup=ācerrimus}} ācer (feminine ācris, neuter ācre, comparative ācrior, superlative ācerrimus, adverb ācriter); third-declension three-termination adjective Inflection templates: {{la-adecl|ācer<3+>|acc_pl_f=ācrēs/ācrīs|acc_pl_m=ācrēs/ācrīs}} Forms: ācer [canonical], ācris [feminine], ācre [neuter], ācrior [comparative], ācerrimus [superlative], ācriter [adverb], no-table-tags [table-tags], ācer [masculine, nominative, singular], ācris [feminine, nominative, singular], ācre [neuter, nominative, singular], ācrēs [feminine, masculine, nominative, plural], ācria [neuter, nominative, plural], ācris [feminine, genitive, masculine, neuter, singular], ācrium [feminine, genitive, masculine, neuter, plural], ācrī [dative, feminine, masculine, neuter, singular], ācribus [dative, feminine, masculine, neuter, plural], ācrem [accusative, feminine, masculine, singular], ācre [accusative, neuter, singular], ācrēs [accusative, feminine, masculine, plural], ācrīs [accusative, feminine, masculine, plural], ācria [accusative, neuter, plural], ācrī [ablative, feminine, masculine, neuter, singular], ācribus [ablative, feminine, masculine, neuter, plural], ācer [masculine, singular, vocative], ācris [feminine, singular, vocative], ācre [neuter, singular, vocative], ācrēs [feminine, masculine, plural, vocative], ācria [neuter, plural, vocative], ācrus [alternative]
  1. sharp, sour, bitter, pungent Tags: declension-3, three-termination Synonyms: asper, acerbus, frāctus
    Sense id: en-acer-la-adj--6hC54eL Categories (other): Taste Disambiguation of Taste: 16 15 4 15 2 14 17 18
  2. keen, sharp, acute, sagacious Tags: declension-3, three-termination
    Sense id: en-acer-la-adj-P1QAVExc Categories (other): Latin neuter nouns in the third declension, Pages using etymon with no ID, Smell, Taste Disambiguation of Latin neuter nouns in the third declension: 10 11 17 16 2 14 12 18 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 5 17 21 21 0 15 20 Disambiguation of Smell: 8 16 8 21 0 14 18 14 Disambiguation of Taste: 16 15 4 15 2 14 17 18
  3. energetic, active, vigorous Tags: declension-3, three-termination Synonyms: strēnuus, impiger, vīvus, alacer, fortis
    Sense id: en-acer-la-adj-z7xELxD1 Categories (other): Latin neuter nouns in the third declension, Latin third declension adjectives of three terminations, Pages using etymon with no ID Disambiguation of Latin neuter nouns in the third declension: 10 11 17 16 2 14 12 18 Disambiguation of Latin third declension adjectives of three terminations: 10 15 21 17 8 14 16 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 5 17 21 21 0 15 20
  4. eager, zealous, spirited Tags: declension-3, three-termination Synonyms: dēsīderōsus, studiōsus, sēdulus, intentus, libēns, cupidus, impiger, aspīrāns
    Sense id: en-acer-la-adj-n6OHcXlV Categories (other): Latin neuter nouns in the third declension, Pages using etymon with no ID, Smell, Taste Disambiguation of Latin neuter nouns in the third declension: 10 11 17 16 2 14 12 18 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 5 17 21 21 0 15 20 Disambiguation of Smell: 8 16 8 21 0 14 18 14 Disambiguation of Taste: 16 15 4 15 2 14 17 18
  5. subtle Tags: declension-3, three-termination
    Sense id: en-acer-la-adj-IpjCrmxv
  6. severe, violent, cruel, hot Tags: declension-3, three-termination Synonyms: violēns, trux, ferōx, immānis, efferus, ferus, crūdēlis, sevērus, acerbus
    Sense id: en-acer-la-adj-U2~iYEc1 Categories (other): Latin neuter nouns in the third declension, Pages using etymon with no ID, Smell, Taste Disambiguation of Latin neuter nouns in the third declension: 10 11 17 16 2 14 12 18 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 5 17 21 21 0 15 20 Disambiguation of Smell: 8 16 8 21 0 14 18 14 Disambiguation of Taste: 16 15 4 15 2 14 17 18
  7. penetrating, piercing Tags: declension-3, three-termination
    Sense id: en-acer-la-adj-kW6VZ3HO Categories (other): Latin neuter nouns in the third declension, Pages using etymon with no ID, Smell, Taste Disambiguation of Latin neuter nouns in the third declension: 10 11 17 16 2 14 12 18 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 5 17 21 21 0 15 20 Disambiguation of Smell: 8 16 8 21 0 14 18 14 Disambiguation of Taste: 16 15 4 15 2 14 17 18
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: ācriculus, ācrimōnia, ācritās, ācriter, ācritūdō, perācer Related terms: acerbus, acervus
Etymology number: 1 Categories (other): Personality, Sound Disambiguation of Personality: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Disambiguation of Sound: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Noun

IPA: [ˈa.kɛr] [Classical-Latin], [ˈaː.t͡ʃer] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: Same as Etymology 1, with reference to multi-pointed leaves. Head templates: {{la-noun|acer/acer<3.N>}} acer n (genitive aceris); third declension Inflection templates: {{la-ndecl|acer/acer<3.N>}} Forms: aceris [genitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], acer [nominative, singular], acera [nominative, plural], aceris [genitive, singular], acerum [genitive, plural], acerī [dative, singular], aceribus [dative, plural], acer [accusative, singular], acera [accusative, plural], acere [ablative, singular], aceribus [ablative, plural], acer [singular, vocative], acera [plural, vocative]
  1. maple tree Tags: declension-3, neuter Derived forms: acernus
    Sense id: en-acer-la-noun-zi0kyP8I Categories (other): Pages with 6 entries, Pages with entries, Latin entries with incorrect language header, Latin neuter nouns in the third declension, Smell, Taste, Trees Disambiguation of Pages with 6 entries: 24 3 1 4 1 4 0 4 5 54 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 23 2 1 2 1 3 0 2 3 65 Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 3 4 3 13 1 4 5 67 Disambiguation of Latin neuter nouns in the third declension: 10 11 17 16 2 14 12 18 Disambiguation of Smell: 8 16 8 21 0 14 18 14 Disambiguation of Taste: 16 15 4 15 2 14 17 18 Disambiguation of Trees: 5 12 2 8 0 7 9 58
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2 Categories (other): Personality, Sound Disambiguation of Personality: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Disambiguation of Sound: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Inflected forms

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "langcode": "la",
      "name": "Personality",
      "orig": "la:Personality",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    },
    {
      "_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "langcode": "la",
      "name": "Sound",
      "orig": "la:Sound",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "ācriculus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "ācrimōnia"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "ācritās"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "ācriter"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "ācritūdō"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "perācer"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "itc-pro:*akris"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂eḱ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*akris"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *akris",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂eḱrós",
        "4": "",
        "5": "sharp"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱrós (“sharp”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἄκρος"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἄκρος (ákros)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *akris, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱrós (“sharp”). The change from o-stem to i-stem declension is irregular and not fully explained. Likewise, Latin has irregular lengthening of the vowel. Cognate with Ancient Greek ἄκρος (ákros).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ācer",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācris",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācre",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācrior",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācerrimus",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācriter",
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācer",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācris",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācrēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācria",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācris",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācrium",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācrī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācribus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācrem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācrēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācrīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācria",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācrī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācribus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācer",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācris",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācrēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācria",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācrus",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ācer<3+>",
        "adv": "ācriter",
        "comp": "ācrior",
        "sup": "ācerrimus"
      },
      "expansion": "ācer (feminine ācris, neuter ācre, comparative ācrior, superlative ācerrimus, adverb ācriter); third-declension three-termination adjective",
      "name": "la-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ācer<3+>",
        "acc_pl_f": "ācrēs/ācrīs",
        "acc_pl_m": "ācrēs/ācrīs"
      },
      "name": "la-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "acerbus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "acervus"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "16 15 4 15 2 14 17 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Taste",
          "orig": "la:Taste",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "sharp, sour, bitter, pungent"
      ],
      "id": "en-acer-la-adj--6hC54eL",
      "links": [
        [
          "sharp",
          "sharp"
        ],
        [
          "sour",
          "sour"
        ],
        [
          "bitter",
          "bitter"
        ],
        [
          "pungent",
          "pungent"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "asper"
        },
        {
          "word": "acerbus"
        },
        {
          "word": "frāctus"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "three-termination"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "10 11 17 16 2 14 12 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin neuter nouns in the third declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 17 21 21 0 15 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 16 8 21 0 14 18 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Smell",
          "orig": "la:Smell",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 15 4 15 2 14 17 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Taste",
          "orig": "la:Taste",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "keen, sharp, acute, sagacious"
      ],
      "id": "en-acer-la-adj-P1QAVExc",
      "links": [
        [
          "keen",
          "keen"
        ],
        [
          "sharp",
          "sharp"
        ],
        [
          "acute",
          "acute"
        ],
        [
          "sagacious",
          "sagacious"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "three-termination"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "sēgnis"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "10 11 17 16 2 14 12 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin neuter nouns in the third declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 15 21 17 8 14 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin third declension adjectives of three terminations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 17 21 21 0 15 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "energetic, active, vigorous"
      ],
      "id": "en-acer-la-adj-z7xELxD1",
      "links": [
        [
          "energetic",
          "energetic"
        ],
        [
          "active",
          "active"
        ],
        [
          "vigorous",
          "vigorous"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "strēnuus"
        },
        {
          "word": "impiger"
        },
        {
          "word": "vīvus"
        },
        {
          "word": "alacer"
        },
        {
          "word": "fortis"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "three-termination"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "10 11 17 16 2 14 12 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin neuter nouns in the third declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 17 21 21 0 15 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 16 8 21 0 14 18 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Smell",
          "orig": "la:Smell",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 15 4 15 2 14 17 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Taste",
          "orig": "la:Taste",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "eager, zealous, spirited"
      ],
      "id": "en-acer-la-adj-n6OHcXlV",
      "links": [
        [
          "eager",
          "eager"
        ],
        [
          "zealous",
          "zealous"
        ],
        [
          "spirited",
          "spirited"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "dēsīderōsus"
        },
        {
          "word": "studiōsus"
        },
        {
          "word": "sēdulus"
        },
        {
          "word": "intentus"
        },
        {
          "word": "libēns"
        },
        {
          "word": "cupidus"
        },
        {
          "word": "impiger"
        },
        {
          "word": "aspīrāns"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "three-termination"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "subtle"
      ],
      "id": "en-acer-la-adj-IpjCrmxv",
      "links": [
        [
          "subtle",
          "subtle"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "three-termination"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "misericors"
        },
        {
          "word": "mītis"
        },
        {
          "word": "tranquillus"
        },
        {
          "word": "placidus"
        },
        {
          "word": "quiētus"
        },
        {
          "word": "clēmēns"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "10 11 17 16 2 14 12 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin neuter nouns in the third declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 17 21 21 0 15 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 16 8 21 0 14 18 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Smell",
          "orig": "la:Smell",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 15 4 15 2 14 17 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Taste",
          "orig": "la:Taste",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "severe, violent, cruel, hot"
      ],
      "id": "en-acer-la-adj-U2~iYEc1",
      "links": [
        [
          "severe",
          "severe"
        ],
        [
          "violent",
          "violent"
        ],
        [
          "cruel",
          "cruel"
        ],
        [
          "hot",
          "hot"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "violēns"
        },
        {
          "word": "trux"
        },
        {
          "word": "ferōx"
        },
        {
          "word": "immānis"
        },
        {
          "word": "efferus"
        },
        {
          "word": "ferus"
        },
        {
          "word": "crūdēlis"
        },
        {
          "word": "sevērus"
        },
        {
          "word": "acerbus"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "three-termination"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "10 11 17 16 2 14 12 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin neuter nouns in the third declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 17 21 21 0 15 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 16 8 21 0 14 18 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Smell",
          "orig": "la:Smell",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 15 4 15 2 14 17 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Taste",
          "orig": "la:Taste",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "penetrating, piercing"
      ],
      "id": "en-acer-la-adj-kW6VZ3HO",
      "links": [
        [
          "penetrating",
          "penetrating"
        ],
        [
          "piercing",
          "piercing"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "three-termination"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈaː.kɛr]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈaː.t͡ʃer]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "acer"
}

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "langcode": "la",
      "name": "Personality",
      "orig": "la:Personality",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    },
    {
      "_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "langcode": "la",
      "name": "Sound",
      "orig": "la:Sound",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "word": "auró"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "word": "acero"
    },
    {
      "lang": "French",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "word": "érable"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Italian",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "word": "acero"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "word": "ácer"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "lang_code": "ro",
      "word": "arțar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "word": "ácere"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "word": "arce"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Translingual",
      "lang_code": "mul",
      "word": "Acer"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_text": "Same as Etymology 1, with reference to multi-pointed leaves.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "aceris",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "acer",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "acera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aceris",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "acerum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "acerī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aceribus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "acer",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "acera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "acere",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aceribus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "acer",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "acera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "acer/acer<3.N>"
      },
      "expansion": "acer n (genitive aceris); third declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "acer/acer<3.N>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "24 3 1 4 1 4 0 4 5 54",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 6 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 2 1 2 1 3 0 2 3 65",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 4 3 13 1 4 5 67",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 11 17 16 2 14 12 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin neuter nouns in the third declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 16 8 21 0 14 18 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Smell",
          "orig": "la:Smell",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 15 4 15 2 14 17 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Taste",
          "orig": "la:Taste",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 12 2 8 0 7 9 58",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Trees",
          "orig": "la:Trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "acernus"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "maple tree"
      ],
      "id": "en-acer-la-noun-zi0kyP8I",
      "links": [
        [
          "maple",
          "maple"
        ],
        [
          "tree",
          "tree"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈa.kɛr]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈaː.t͡ʃer]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "acer"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 2-syllable words",
    "Latin adjectives",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin neuter nouns",
    "Latin neuter nouns in the third declension",
    "Latin noun forms",
    "Latin nouns",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂eḱ-",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Latin third declension adjectives",
    "Latin third declension adjectives of three terminations",
    "Latin third declension nouns",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "la:Personality",
    "la:Smell",
    "la:Sound",
    "la:Taste",
    "la:Trees"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "ācriculus"
    },
    {
      "word": "ācrimōnia"
    },
    {
      "word": "ācritās"
    },
    {
      "word": "ācriter"
    },
    {
      "word": "ācritūdō"
    },
    {
      "word": "perācer"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "itc-pro:*akris"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂eḱ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*akris"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *akris",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂eḱrós",
        "4": "",
        "5": "sharp"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱrós (“sharp”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἄκρος"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἄκρος (ákros)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *akris, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱrós (“sharp”). The change from o-stem to i-stem declension is irregular and not fully explained. Likewise, Latin has irregular lengthening of the vowel. Cognate with Ancient Greek ἄκρος (ákros).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ācer",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācris",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācre",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācrior",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācerrimus",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācriter",
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācer",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācris",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācrēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācria",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācris",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācrium",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācrī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācribus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācrem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācrēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācrīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācria",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācrī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācribus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācer",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācris",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācrēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācria",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ācrus",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ācer<3+>",
        "adv": "ācriter",
        "comp": "ācrior",
        "sup": "ācerrimus"
      },
      "expansion": "ācer (feminine ācris, neuter ācre, comparative ācrior, superlative ācerrimus, adverb ācriter); third-declension three-termination adjective",
      "name": "la-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ācer<3+>",
        "acc_pl_f": "ācrēs/ācrīs",
        "acc_pl_m": "ācrēs/ācrīs"
      },
      "name": "la-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "acerbus"
    },
    {
      "word": "acervus"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "sharp, sour, bitter, pungent"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sharp",
          "sharp"
        ],
        [
          "sour",
          "sour"
        ],
        [
          "bitter",
          "bitter"
        ],
        [
          "pungent",
          "pungent"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "asper"
        },
        {
          "word": "acerbus"
        },
        {
          "word": "frāctus"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "three-termination"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "keen, sharp, acute, sagacious"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "keen",
          "keen"
        ],
        [
          "sharp",
          "sharp"
        ],
        [
          "acute",
          "acute"
        ],
        [
          "sagacious",
          "sagacious"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "three-termination"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "sēgnis"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "energetic, active, vigorous"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "energetic",
          "energetic"
        ],
        [
          "active",
          "active"
        ],
        [
          "vigorous",
          "vigorous"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "strēnuus"
        },
        {
          "word": "impiger"
        },
        {
          "word": "vīvus"
        },
        {
          "word": "alacer"
        },
        {
          "word": "fortis"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "three-termination"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "eager, zealous, spirited"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "eager",
          "eager"
        ],
        [
          "zealous",
          "zealous"
        ],
        [
          "spirited",
          "spirited"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "dēsīderōsus"
        },
        {
          "word": "studiōsus"
        },
        {
          "word": "sēdulus"
        },
        {
          "word": "intentus"
        },
        {
          "word": "libēns"
        },
        {
          "word": "cupidus"
        },
        {
          "word": "impiger"
        },
        {
          "word": "aspīrāns"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "three-termination"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "subtle"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "subtle",
          "subtle"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "three-termination"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "misericors"
        },
        {
          "word": "mītis"
        },
        {
          "word": "tranquillus"
        },
        {
          "word": "placidus"
        },
        {
          "word": "quiētus"
        },
        {
          "word": "clēmēns"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "severe, violent, cruel, hot"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "severe",
          "severe"
        ],
        [
          "violent",
          "violent"
        ],
        [
          "cruel",
          "cruel"
        ],
        [
          "hot",
          "hot"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "violēns"
        },
        {
          "word": "trux"
        },
        {
          "word": "ferōx"
        },
        {
          "word": "immānis"
        },
        {
          "word": "efferus"
        },
        {
          "word": "ferus"
        },
        {
          "word": "crūdēlis"
        },
        {
          "word": "sevērus"
        },
        {
          "word": "acerbus"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "three-termination"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "penetrating, piercing"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "penetrating",
          "penetrating"
        ],
        [
          "piercing",
          "piercing"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "three-termination"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈaː.kɛr]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈaː.t͡ʃer]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "acer"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 2-syllable words",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin neuter nouns",
    "Latin neuter nouns in the third declension",
    "Latin noun forms",
    "Latin nouns",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Latin third declension nouns",
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "la:Personality",
    "la:Smell",
    "la:Sound",
    "la:Taste",
    "la:Trees"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "acernus"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "word": "auró"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "word": "acero"
    },
    {
      "lang": "French",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "word": "érable"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Italian",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "word": "acero"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "word": "ácer"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "lang_code": "ro",
      "word": "arțar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "word": "ácere"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "word": "arce"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Translingual",
      "lang_code": "mul",
      "word": "Acer"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_text": "Same as Etymology 1, with reference to multi-pointed leaves.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "aceris",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "acer",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "acera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aceris",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "acerum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "acerī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aceribus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "acer",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "acera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "acere",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aceribus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "acer",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "acera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "acer/acer<3.N>"
      },
      "expansion": "acer n (genitive aceris); third declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "acer/acer<3.N>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "maple tree"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "maple",
          "maple"
        ],
        [
          "tree",
          "tree"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈa.kɛr]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈaː.t͡ʃer]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "acer"
}

Download raw JSONL data for acer meaning in Latin (9.6kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-02-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.