See 誰 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 誰 meaning in Japanese (19.5kB)
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "“Jōyō” kanji",
"tags": [
"common"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Common kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "suika",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"すい"
],
[
"何",
"か"
]
],
"word": "誰何"
}
],
"id": "en-誰-ja-character-47DEQpj8",
"tags": [
"kanji",
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "誰"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "誰誰"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "何れ",
"3": "",
"4": "which one",
"tr": "dore"
},
"expansion": "何れ (dore, “which one”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "何処",
"3": "",
"4": "where",
"tr": "doko"
},
"expansion": "何処 (doko, “where”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/tare/ → /dare/\nFrom earlier tare.\nThe dare form appears from around the Edo period. The voicing of the initial /t-/ to /d-/ is likely by analogy with other interrogative demonstratives 何れ (dore, “which one”), 何処 (doko, “where”).\nNow the primary form, replacing earlier tare.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "誰",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"だれ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "dare",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pronoun",
"2": "だれ"
},
"expansion": "誰(だれ) • (dare)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 17 41 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 34 33 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese interrogative pronouns",
"parents": [
"Interrogative pronouns",
"Interrogative pro-forms",
"Pronouns",
"Pro-forms",
"Lemmas",
"Terms by semantic function"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 34 33 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 34 33 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 31 34 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "daredare",
"word": "誰々"
},
{
"english": "dare ka",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"だれ"
]
],
"word": "誰か"
},
{
"english": "dare kare",
"ruby": [
[
"誰彼",
"だれかれ"
]
],
"word": "誰彼"
},
{
"english": "dare shiranu",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"だれ"
],
[
"知",
"し"
]
],
"word": "誰知らぬ"
},
{
"english": "dare sore",
"ruby": [
[
"誰某",
"だれそれ"
]
],
"word": "誰某"
},
{
"english": "dare hitori",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"だれ"
],
[
"一人",
"ひとり"
]
],
"word": "誰一人"
},
{
"english": "dare mo",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"だれ"
]
],
"word": "誰も"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Who made who?",
"roman": "dare ga dare o tsukutta no ka",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"だれ"
],
[
"誰",
"だれ"
],
[
"作",
"つく"
]
],
"text": "誰が誰を作ったのか"
},
{
"english": "Who… are you? Why did I come here? To see her… I came to see her. I came to save her. I wanted her to live. Who was it? Who? Who did I come to see? Someone dear to me, someone I don't wanna forget, someone I must not forget! Who was it? Who was it? Who was it… Who⁉ What's your name⁉",
"ref": "2016, Makoto Shinkai, director, 君の名は。 [your name.], spoken by Taki Tachibana (Ryūnosuke Kamiki), Toho",
"roman": "O-mae wa… dare da? Ore wa dōshite koko ni kita? Aitsu ni… Aitsu ni au tame ni kita. Tasukeru tame ni kita. Ikite ite hoshikatta. Dare da? Dare da? Dare ni ai ni kita? Daiji na hito, wasuretakunai hito, wasurecha dame na hito! Dare da? Dare da? Dare da… Dare da⁉ Namae wa⁉",
"text": "お前は…誰だ？俺は どうしてここに来た？あいつに…あいつに会うために来た。助けるために来た。生きていてほしかった。誰だ？誰？誰に会いに来た？大事な人、忘れたくない人、忘れちゃダメな人！誰だ？誰だ？誰だ…誰だ⁉名前は⁉",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "Who was it? Who? Who was he? Someone I hold dear, someone I must not forget, someone I did not want to forget! Who was he? Who? Who are you? What is your name⁉",
"ref": "2016, Makoto Shinkai, director, 君の名は。 [your name.], spoken by Mitsuha Miyamizu (Mone Kamishiraishi), Toho",
"roman": "Dare? Dare? Ano hito wa dare? Daiji na hito, wasurecha dame na hito, wasuretakunakatta hito! Dare? Dare? Kimi wa dare? Kimi no namae wa⁉",
"text": "誰？誰？あの人は誰？大事な人、忘れちゃダメな人、忘れたくなかった人！誰？誰？君は誰？君の名前は⁉",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"interrogative personal pronoun: who, whom"
],
"id": "en-誰-ja-pron-mq8DrFwq",
"links": [
[
"interrogative",
"interrogative"
],
[
"personal pronoun",
"personal pronoun"
],
[
"who",
"who"
],
[
"whom",
"whom"
]
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "dare iu to naku",
"ruby": [
[
"誰言",
"だれい"
]
],
"word": "誰言うとなく"
},
{
"roman": "dare to hanashi ni",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"だれ"
]
],
"word": "誰とはなしに"
},
{
"roman": "dare no me ni mo",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"だれ"
],
[
"目",
"め"
]
],
"word": "誰の目にも"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "だれ"
},
{
"ipa": "[da̠ɾe̞]"
},
{
"audio": "Ja-dare.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/65/Ja-dare.ogg/Ja-dare.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Ja-dare.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijisen",
"Edo period",
"Shogakukan",
"Tōkyō",
"ja:大辞泉",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "誰"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "誰誰"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "たれ"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "",
"3": "誰",
"4": "who",
"tr": "ta"
},
"expansion": "誰 (ta, “who”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "れ",
"3": "",
"4": "thing",
"pos": "demonstrative nominalizer ending",
"tr": "re"
},
"expansion": "れ (re, “thing”, demonstrative nominalizer ending)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "これ",
"gloss": "this"
},
"expansion": "これ (kore, “this”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "此",
"3": "",
"4": "this",
"tr": "ko"
},
"expansion": "此 (ko, “this”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "れ"
},
"expansion": "れ",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "れ",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "れ",
"name": "ja-l/helper"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "れ",
"tr": "re"
},
"expansion": "れ",
"name": "ja-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "彼",
"3": "",
"4": "that one, that person",
"tr": "kare"
},
"expansion": "彼 (kare, “that one, that person”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "彼",
"3": "",
"4": "that",
"tr": "ka"
},
"expansion": "彼 (ka, “that”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "れ"
},
"expansion": "れ",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "re",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "re",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "れ",
"3": "re"
},
"expansion": "れ (re)",
"name": "ja-l/helper"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "れ",
"3": "re"
},
"expansion": "れ (re)",
"name": "ja-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese, first attested in the Kojiki (712 CE) alongside its older form ta (see below).\nDerived from older 誰 (ta, “who”) + れ (re, “thing”, demonstrative nominalizer ending). Compare the formation of これ (kore, “this”) from 此 (ko, “this”) + れ, 彼 (kare, “that one, that person”) from 彼 (ka, “that”) + れ (re), etc.\nSuperseded by dare above starting from around the Edo period. The tare form does not appear to be used anymore outside of poetry or intentionally archaic text.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "誰",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"たれ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tare",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pronoun",
"2": "たれ"
},
"expansion": "誰(たれ) • (tare)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "pron",
"proverbs": [
{
"roman": "tare ka karasu no shiyū o shiran",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"たれ"
],
[
"烏",
"からす"
],
[
"雌",
"し"
],
[
"雄",
"ゆう"
],
[
"知",
"し"
]
],
"word": "誰か烏の雌雄を知らん"
}
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "are; ware",
"roman": "maro",
"word": "ああれわわれまろ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kimi",
"word": "ななれなんぢましいましみましきみ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kore",
"word": "ここれ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "so; sore",
"word": "そそれ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "are",
"roman": "kare",
"word": "ああれかかれ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "tare",
"roman": "nanigashi",
"word": "たたれなにがし"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "onore",
"word": "おのおのれ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "nani",
"word": "いづれなに"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "koko",
"word": "ここ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "soko",
"word": "そこ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kashiko",
"word": "あしこかしこ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "doko",
"word": "いづくいづこいどこどこ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "konata",
"word": "こちこなた"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "sonata",
"roman": "sochi",
"word": "そちそなた"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kanata",
"word": "あちあなたかなた"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "izukata",
"word": "いづちいづらいづかた"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kō",
"word": "かかくかくてかう"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shika",
"word": "ささてしか"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "ika",
"word": "いか"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "itsu",
"word": "いつ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 17 41 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 34 33 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese interrogative pronouns",
"parents": [
"Interrogative pronouns",
"Interrogative pro-forms",
"Pronouns",
"Pro-forms",
"Lemmas",
"Terms by semantic function"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 34 33 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 34 33 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 31 34 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "taretare",
"word": "誰々"
},
{
"roman": "taregashi",
"ruby": [
[
"誰某",
"たれがし"
]
],
"word": "誰某"
},
{
"english": "tare kare",
"ruby": [
[
"誰彼",
"たれかれ"
]
],
"word": "誰彼"
},
{
"english": "tare sore",
"word": "誰某"
},
{
"roman": "tarebō",
"word": "誰某"
},
{
"roman": "taredoki",
"ruby": [
[
"誰時",
"たれどき"
]
],
"word": "誰時"
},
{
"english": "tare no hito",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"たれ"
],
[
"人",
"ひと"
]
],
"word": "誰の人"
},
{
"roman": "tarebito",
"ruby": [
[
"誰人",
"たれびと"
]
],
"word": "誰人"
},
{
"english": "tare mo",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"たれ"
]
],
"word": "誰も"
},
{
"roman": "tare ya shi hito",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"たれ"
],
[
"人",
"ひと"
]
],
"word": "誰やし人"
},
{
"english": "tare ya no mono",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"たれ"
],
[
"者",
"もの"
]
],
"word": "誰やの者"
},
{
"roman": "tareyuesō",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"タレ"
],
[
"故",
"ユエ"
],
[
"草",
"ソウ"
]
],
"word": "誰故草"
},
{
"roman": "are wa taredoki",
"ruby": [
[
"彼",
"あれ"
],
[
"誰",
"たれ"
],
[
"時",
"どき"
]
],
"word": "彼は誰時"
},
{
"roman": "kawataredoki",
"ruby": [
[
"彼",
"か"
],
[
"誰",
"たれ"
],
[
"時",
"どき"
]
],
"word": "彼は誰時"
},
{
"roman": "kawatareboshi",
"ruby": [
[
"彼",
"か"
],
[
"誰",
"たれ"
],
[
"星",
"ぼし"
]
],
"word": "彼は誰星"
}
],
"glosses": [
"interrogative personal pronoun: who, whom"
],
"id": "en-誰-ja-pron-mq8DrFwq1",
"links": [
[
"interrogative",
"interrogative"
],
[
"personal pronoun",
"personal pronoun"
],
[
"who",
"who"
],
[
"whom",
"whom"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) interrogative personal pronoun: who, whom"
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "tare ka aru",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"たれ"
]
],
"word": "誰かある"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "たれ"
},
{
"ipa": "[ta̠ɾe̞]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Edo period",
"Kojiki"
],
"word": "誰"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "た"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese, first attested in the Kojiki, completed roughly 712 CE.\nAppears to be the oldest form.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "誰",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"た"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ta",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pronoun",
"2": "た"
},
"expansion": "誰(た) • (ta)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "are; ware",
"roman": "maro",
"word": "ああれわわれまろ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kimi",
"word": "ななれなんぢましいましみましきみ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kore",
"word": "ここれ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "so; sore",
"word": "そそれ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "are",
"roman": "kare",
"word": "ああれかかれ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "tare",
"roman": "nanigashi",
"word": "たたれなにがし"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "onore",
"word": "おのおのれ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "nani",
"word": "いづれなに"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "koko",
"word": "ここ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "soko",
"word": "そこ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kashiko",
"word": "あしこかしこ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "doko",
"word": "いづくいづこいどこどこ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "konata",
"word": "こちこなた"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "sonata",
"roman": "sochi",
"word": "そちそなた"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kanata",
"word": "あちあなたかなた"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "izukata",
"word": "いづちいづらいづかた"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kō",
"word": "かかくかくてかう"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shika",
"word": "ささてしか"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "ika",
"word": "いか"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "itsu",
"word": "いつ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 17 41 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 34 33 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese interrogative pronouns",
"parents": [
"Interrogative pronouns",
"Interrogative pro-forms",
"Pronouns",
"Pro-forms",
"Lemmas",
"Terms by semantic function"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 34 33 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 34 33 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 31 34 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "ta ga",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"た"
]
],
"word": "誰が"
},
{
"roman": "ta so",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"た"
]
],
"word": "誰そ"
},
{
"roman": "tasogare",
"ruby": [
[
"黄昏",
"たそがれ"
]
],
"word": "黄昏"
},
{
"roman": "tasoya andon",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"た"
],
[
"哉",
"そや"
],
[
"行灯",
"あんどん"
]
],
"word": "誰哉行灯"
}
],
"glosses": [
"interrogative personal pronoun: who, whom"
],
"id": "en-誰-ja-pron-mq8DrFwq1",
"links": [
[
"interrogative",
"interrogative"
],
[
"personal pronoun",
"personal pronoun"
],
[
"who",
"who"
],
[
"whom",
"whom"
]
],
"qualifier": "persists in some fossilized expressions",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, persists in some fossilized expressions) interrogative personal pronoun: who, whom"
],
"related": [
{
"english": "who",
"roman": "donata",
"ruby": [
[
"何方",
"どなた"
]
],
"tags": [
"honorific"
],
"word": "何方"
},
{
"roman": "dore",
"word": "何れ"
},
{
"english": "which",
"roman": "izure",
"word": "何れ"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ta̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Kojiki"
],
"word": "誰"
}
{
"categories": [
"Common kanji",
"Japanese Han characters",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Japanese interrogative pronouns",
"Japanese kanji with goon reading ずい",
"Japanese kanji with kan'on reading すい",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading た",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading たれ",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading だれ",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese pronouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 誰",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "suika",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"すい"
],
[
"何",
"か"
]
],
"word": "誰何"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "“Jōyō” kanji",
"tags": [
"common"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"tags": [
"kanji",
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "誰"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Japanese interrogative pronouns",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese pronouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 誰",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with audio links",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "誰誰"
},
{
"roman": "daredare",
"word": "誰々"
},
{
"english": "dare ka",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"だれ"
]
],
"word": "誰か"
},
{
"english": "dare kare",
"ruby": [
[
"誰彼",
"だれかれ"
]
],
"word": "誰彼"
},
{
"english": "dare shiranu",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"だれ"
],
[
"知",
"し"
]
],
"word": "誰知らぬ"
},
{
"english": "dare sore",
"ruby": [
[
"誰某",
"だれそれ"
]
],
"word": "誰某"
},
{
"english": "dare hitori",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"だれ"
],
[
"一人",
"ひとり"
]
],
"word": "誰一人"
},
{
"english": "dare mo",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"だれ"
]
],
"word": "誰も"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "何れ",
"3": "",
"4": "which one",
"tr": "dore"
},
"expansion": "何れ (dore, “which one”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "何処",
"3": "",
"4": "where",
"tr": "doko"
},
"expansion": "何処 (doko, “where”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/tare/ → /dare/\nFrom earlier tare.\nThe dare form appears from around the Edo period. The voicing of the initial /t-/ to /d-/ is likely by analogy with other interrogative demonstratives 何れ (dore, “which one”), 何処 (doko, “where”).\nNow the primary form, replacing earlier tare.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "誰",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"だれ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "dare",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pronoun",
"2": "だれ"
},
"expansion": "誰(だれ) • (dare)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"roman": "dare iu to naku",
"ruby": [
[
"誰言",
"だれい"
]
],
"word": "誰言うとなく"
},
{
"roman": "dare to hanashi ni",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"だれ"
]
],
"word": "誰とはなしに"
},
{
"roman": "dare no me ni mo",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"だれ"
],
[
"目",
"め"
]
],
"word": "誰の目にも"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with quotations",
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Who made who?",
"roman": "dare ga dare o tsukutta no ka",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"だれ"
],
[
"誰",
"だれ"
],
[
"作",
"つく"
]
],
"text": "誰が誰を作ったのか"
},
{
"english": "Who… are you? Why did I come here? To see her… I came to see her. I came to save her. I wanted her to live. Who was it? Who? Who did I come to see? Someone dear to me, someone I don't wanna forget, someone I must not forget! Who was it? Who was it? Who was it… Who⁉ What's your name⁉",
"ref": "2016, Makoto Shinkai, director, 君の名は。 [your name.], spoken by Taki Tachibana (Ryūnosuke Kamiki), Toho",
"roman": "O-mae wa… dare da? Ore wa dōshite koko ni kita? Aitsu ni… Aitsu ni au tame ni kita. Tasukeru tame ni kita. Ikite ite hoshikatta. Dare da? Dare da? Dare ni ai ni kita? Daiji na hito, wasuretakunai hito, wasurecha dame na hito! Dare da? Dare da? Dare da… Dare da⁉ Namae wa⁉",
"text": "お前は…誰だ？俺は どうしてここに来た？あいつに…あいつに会うために来た。助けるために来た。生きていてほしかった。誰だ？誰？誰に会いに来た？大事な人、忘れたくない人、忘れちゃダメな人！誰だ？誰だ？誰だ…誰だ⁉名前は⁉",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "Who was it? Who? Who was he? Someone I hold dear, someone I must not forget, someone I did not want to forget! Who was he? Who? Who are you? What is your name⁉",
"ref": "2016, Makoto Shinkai, director, 君の名は。 [your name.], spoken by Mitsuha Miyamizu (Mone Kamishiraishi), Toho",
"roman": "Dare? Dare? Ano hito wa dare? Daiji na hito, wasurecha dame na hito, wasuretakunakatta hito! Dare? Dare? Kimi wa dare? Kimi no namae wa⁉",
"text": "誰？誰？あの人は誰？大事な人、忘れちゃダメな人、忘れたくなかった人！誰？誰？君は誰？君の名前は⁉",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"interrogative personal pronoun: who, whom"
],
"links": [
[
"interrogative",
"interrogative"
],
[
"personal pronoun",
"personal pronoun"
],
[
"who",
"who"
],
[
"whom",
"whom"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "だれ"
},
{
"ipa": "[da̠ɾe̞]"
},
{
"audio": "Ja-dare.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/65/Ja-dare.ogg/Ja-dare.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Ja-dare.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijisen",
"Edo period",
"Shogakukan",
"Tōkyō",
"ja:大辞泉",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "誰"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Japanese interrogative pronouns",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese pronouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 誰",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "誰誰"
},
{
"roman": "taretare",
"word": "誰々"
},
{
"roman": "taregashi",
"ruby": [
[
"誰某",
"たれがし"
]
],
"word": "誰某"
},
{
"english": "tare kare",
"ruby": [
[
"誰彼",
"たれかれ"
]
],
"word": "誰彼"
},
{
"english": "tare sore",
"word": "誰某"
},
{
"roman": "tarebō",
"word": "誰某"
},
{
"roman": "taredoki",
"ruby": [
[
"誰時",
"たれどき"
]
],
"word": "誰時"
},
{
"english": "tare no hito",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"たれ"
],
[
"人",
"ひと"
]
],
"word": "誰の人"
},
{
"roman": "tarebito",
"ruby": [
[
"誰人",
"たれびと"
]
],
"word": "誰人"
},
{
"english": "tare mo",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"たれ"
]
],
"word": "誰も"
},
{
"roman": "tare ya shi hito",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"たれ"
],
[
"人",
"ひと"
]
],
"word": "誰やし人"
},
{
"english": "tare ya no mono",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"たれ"
],
[
"者",
"もの"
]
],
"word": "誰やの者"
},
{
"roman": "tareyuesō",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"タレ"
],
[
"故",
"ユエ"
],
[
"草",
"ソウ"
]
],
"word": "誰故草"
},
{
"roman": "are wa taredoki",
"ruby": [
[
"彼",
"あれ"
],
[
"誰",
"たれ"
],
[
"時",
"どき"
]
],
"word": "彼は誰時"
},
{
"roman": "kawataredoki",
"ruby": [
[
"彼",
"か"
],
[
"誰",
"たれ"
],
[
"時",
"どき"
]
],
"word": "彼は誰時"
},
{
"roman": "kawatareboshi",
"ruby": [
[
"彼",
"か"
],
[
"誰",
"たれ"
],
[
"星",
"ぼし"
]
],
"word": "彼は誰星"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "たれ"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "",
"3": "誰",
"4": "who",
"tr": "ta"
},
"expansion": "誰 (ta, “who”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "れ",
"3": "",
"4": "thing",
"pos": "demonstrative nominalizer ending",
"tr": "re"
},
"expansion": "れ (re, “thing”, demonstrative nominalizer ending)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "これ",
"gloss": "this"
},
"expansion": "これ (kore, “this”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "此",
"3": "",
"4": "this",
"tr": "ko"
},
"expansion": "此 (ko, “this”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "れ"
},
"expansion": "れ",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "れ",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "れ",
"name": "ja-l/helper"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "れ",
"tr": "re"
},
"expansion": "れ",
"name": "ja-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "彼",
"3": "",
"4": "that one, that person",
"tr": "kare"
},
"expansion": "彼 (kare, “that one, that person”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "彼",
"3": "",
"4": "that",
"tr": "ka"
},
"expansion": "彼 (ka, “that”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "れ"
},
"expansion": "れ",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "re",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "re",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "れ",
"3": "re"
},
"expansion": "れ (re)",
"name": "ja-l/helper"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "れ",
"3": "re"
},
"expansion": "れ (re)",
"name": "ja-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese, first attested in the Kojiki (712 CE) alongside its older form ta (see below).\nDerived from older 誰 (ta, “who”) + れ (re, “thing”, demonstrative nominalizer ending). Compare the formation of これ (kore, “this”) from 此 (ko, “this”) + れ, 彼 (kare, “that one, that person”) from 彼 (ka, “that”) + れ (re), etc.\nSuperseded by dare above starting from around the Edo period. The tare form does not appear to be used anymore outside of poetry or intentionally archaic text.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "誰",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"たれ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tare",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pronoun",
"2": "たれ"
},
"expansion": "誰(たれ) • (tare)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "pron",
"proverbs": [
{
"roman": "tare ka karasu no shiyū o shiran",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"たれ"
],
[
"烏",
"からす"
],
[
"雌",
"し"
],
[
"雄",
"ゆう"
],
[
"知",
"し"
]
],
"word": "誰か烏の雌雄を知らん"
}
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "tare ka aru",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"たれ"
]
],
"word": "誰かある"
},
{
"english": "are; ware",
"roman": "maro",
"word": "ああれわわれまろ"
},
{
"roman": "kimi",
"word": "ななれなんぢましいましみましきみ"
},
{
"roman": "kore",
"word": "ここれ"
},
{
"english": "so; sore",
"word": "そそれ"
},
{
"english": "are",
"roman": "kare",
"word": "ああれかかれ"
},
{
"english": "tare",
"roman": "nanigashi",
"word": "たたれなにがし"
},
{
"roman": "onore",
"word": "おのおのれ"
},
{
"roman": "nani",
"word": "いづれなに"
},
{
"roman": "koko",
"word": "ここ"
},
{
"roman": "soko",
"word": "そこ"
},
{
"roman": "kashiko",
"word": "あしこかしこ"
},
{
"roman": "doko",
"word": "いづくいづこいどこどこ"
},
{
"roman": "konata",
"word": "こちこなた"
},
{
"english": "sonata",
"roman": "sochi",
"word": "そちそなた"
},
{
"roman": "kanata",
"word": "あちあなたかなた"
},
{
"roman": "izukata",
"word": "いづちいづらいづかた"
},
{
"roman": "kō",
"word": "かかくかくてかう"
},
{
"roman": "shika",
"word": "ささてしか"
},
{
"roman": "ika",
"word": "いか"
},
{
"roman": "itsu",
"word": "いつ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with archaic senses",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
],
"glosses": [
"interrogative personal pronoun: who, whom"
],
"links": [
[
"interrogative",
"interrogative"
],
[
"personal pronoun",
"personal pronoun"
],
[
"who",
"who"
],
[
"whom",
"whom"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) interrogative personal pronoun: who, whom"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "たれ"
},
{
"ipa": "[ta̠ɾe̞]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Edo period",
"Kojiki"
],
"word": "誰"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Japanese interrogative pronouns",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese pronouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 誰",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "ta ga",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"た"
]
],
"word": "誰が"
},
{
"roman": "ta so",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"た"
]
],
"word": "誰そ"
},
{
"roman": "tasogare",
"ruby": [
[
"黄昏",
"たそがれ"
]
],
"word": "黄昏"
},
{
"roman": "tasoya andon",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"た"
],
[
"哉",
"そや"
],
[
"行灯",
"あんどん"
]
],
"word": "誰哉行灯"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "た"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese, first attested in the Kojiki, completed roughly 712 CE.\nAppears to be the oldest form.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "誰",
"ruby": [
[
"誰",
"た"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ta",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pronoun",
"2": "た"
},
"expansion": "誰(た) • (ta)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"english": "are; ware",
"roman": "maro",
"word": "ああれわわれまろ"
},
{
"roman": "kimi",
"word": "ななれなんぢましいましみましきみ"
},
{
"roman": "kore",
"word": "ここれ"
},
{
"english": "so; sore",
"word": "そそれ"
},
{
"english": "are",
"roman": "kare",
"word": "ああれかかれ"
},
{
"english": "tare",
"roman": "nanigashi",
"word": "たたれなにがし"
},
{
"roman": "onore",
"word": "おのおのれ"
},
{
"roman": "nani",
"word": "いづれなに"
},
{
"roman": "koko",
"word": "ここ"
},
{
"roman": "soko",
"word": "そこ"
},
{
"roman": "kashiko",
"word": "あしこかしこ"
},
{
"roman": "doko",
"word": "いづくいづこいどこどこ"
},
{
"roman": "konata",
"word": "こちこなた"
},
{
"english": "sonata",
"roman": "sochi",
"word": "そちそなた"
},
{
"roman": "kanata",
"word": "あちあなたかなた"
},
{
"roman": "izukata",
"word": "いづちいづらいづかた"
},
{
"roman": "kō",
"word": "かかくかくてかう"
},
{
"roman": "shika",
"word": "ささてしか"
},
{
"roman": "ika",
"word": "いか"
},
{
"roman": "itsu",
"word": "いつ"
},
{
"english": "who",
"roman": "donata",
"ruby": [
[
"何方",
"どなた"
]
],
"tags": [
"honorific"
],
"word": "何方"
},
{
"roman": "dore",
"word": "何れ"
},
{
"english": "which",
"roman": "izure",
"word": "何れ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"interrogative personal pronoun: who, whom"
],
"links": [
[
"interrogative",
"interrogative"
],
[
"personal pronoun",
"personal pronoun"
],
[
"who",
"who"
],
[
"whom",
"whom"
]
],
"qualifier": "persists in some fossilized expressions",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, persists in some fossilized expressions) interrogative personal pronoun: who, whom"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ta̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Kojiki"
],
"word": "誰"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.