See chi in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "quis"
},
"expansion": "Latin quis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷís",
"4": "*kʷís, *kʷos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷís, *kʷos",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin quis, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷís, *kʷos.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "pronoun",
"3": "invariable",
"g": "mf"
},
"expansion": "chi m or f (invariable)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "interrogative pronoun"
},
"expansion": "(interrogative pronoun)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"chi"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"chi"
]
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "Who goes there?",
"text": "Chi viène qui ?",
"translation": "Who goes there?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
7
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "Who are they coming with?",
"text": "Con chi vèngono?",
"translation": "Who are they coming with?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"english": "Who/m are we hearing?",
"text": "Chi stiamo ascoltando?",
"translation": "Who/m are we hearing?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"who, whom; whoever"
],
"id": "en-chi-it-pron-JWoSAHRg",
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
],
[
"whom",
"whom"
],
[
"whoever",
"whoever"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"interrogative",
"invariable",
"masculine",
"pronoun"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ki/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-i"
}
],
"word": "chi"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "quī"
},
"expansion": "Latin quī",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "itc-ola",
"3": "quei"
},
"expansion": "Old Latin quei",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*kʷoi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *kʷoi",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin quī, from Old Latin quei, from Proto-Italic *kʷoi.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chi m sg or f sg by sense",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "chi",
"g": "mfbysense-s"
},
"expansion": "chi m sg or f sg by sense",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "fused relative",
"3": "indefinite"
},
"expansion": "(fused relative, indefinite)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"chi"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"chi"
]
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "che"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "cui"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "il quale"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 5 50 5 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "80 13 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian chis",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
15,
18
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
11,
20
]
],
"english": "Mom kisses those who are brave.",
"text": "La mamma bacia chi è bravo/a",
"translation": "Mom kisses those who are brave.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
12
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
16,
24
]
],
"english": "I only love the ones who love me.",
"text": "Amo solo chi mi ama",
"translation": "I only love the ones who love me.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "He who apologizes assumes his blame.",
"text": "Chi si scusa s'accusa.",
"translation": "He who apologizes assumes his blame.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"he/she/they who, those who, the ones who; (archaic) whom"
],
"id": "en-chi-it-pron-02qcSq6R",
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
],
[
"whom",
"whom"
]
],
"tags": [
"interrogative",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
9
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
5,
8
]
],
"english": "Come who can.",
"text": "Vènga chi può.",
"translation": "Come who can.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"english": "Whoever said that would be lying.",
"text": "Chi lo dicesse mentirebbe.",
"translation": "Whoever said that would be lying.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"whoever, who"
],
"id": "en-chi-it-pron-vbblTx21",
"links": [
[
"whoever",
"whoever"
],
[
"who",
"who"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(absolutive) whoever, who"
],
"tags": [
"absolutive",
"interrogative",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
],
[
13,
16
],
[
17,
20
],
[
22,
25
],
[
32,
35
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
4
],
[
17,
21
],
[
37,
43
]
],
"english": "Some would read, some were chatting, others drawing.",
"text": "Chi leggeva, chi chiacchierava, chi disegnava.",
"translation": "Some would read, some were chatting, others drawing.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"some, ... others, etc."
],
"id": "en-chi-it-pron-sgR-ZgV6",
"links": [
[
"some",
"some"
],
[
"others",
"others"
]
],
"qualifier": "when repeated",
"raw_glosses": [
"(when repeated) some, ... others, etc."
],
"tags": [
"interrogative",
"pronoun"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ki/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-i"
}
],
"word": "chi"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it:"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "wp"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "chī"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin chī",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "grc",
"3": "χεῖ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek χεῖ (kheî)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin chī, from Ancient Greek χεῖ (kheî).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mf",
"2": "#"
},
"expansion": "chi m or f (invariable)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"chi"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"chi"
]
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "91 2 3 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "it",
"name": "Greek letter names",
"orig": "it:Greek letter names",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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{
"bold_text_offsets": [
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0,
3
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],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
6
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],
"english": "If one were to ask me that, I would not answer.",
"text": "Chi mi domandasse ciò non risponderei.",
"translation": "If one were to ask me that, I would not answer.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
9
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
17,
28
]
],
"english": "I am looking for someone who'd give a good advice.",
"text": "Cerco chi mi dia un buon consiglio.",
"translation": "I am looking for someone who'd give a good advice.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chi (Greek letter)"
],
"id": "en-chi-it-noun-ml-RojUq",
"links": [
[
"chi",
"chi#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with a subjunctive)",
"chi (Greek letter)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with a subjunctive"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"interrogative",
"invariable",
"masculine",
"pronoun"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ki/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-i"
}
],
"word": "chi"
}
{
"categories": [
"Italian 1-syllable words",
"Italian countable nouns",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian feminine nouns",
"Italian indeclinable nouns",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian masculine nouns",
"Italian nouns",
"Italian nouns with multiple genders",
"Italian pronouns",
"Italian terms borrowed from Latin",
"Italian terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Italian terms derived from Latin",
"Italian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Italian terms inherited from Latin",
"Italian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Italian terms with audio pronunciation",
"Pages with 25 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Italian/i",
"Rhymes:Italian/i/1 syllable",
"it:Greek letter names",
"zom:Botany",
"zom:Minerals"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "quis"
},
"expansion": "Latin quis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷís",
"4": "*kʷís, *kʷos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷís, *kʷos",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin quis, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷís, *kʷos.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "pronoun",
"3": "invariable",
"g": "mf"
},
"expansion": "chi m or f (invariable)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "interrogative pronoun"
},
"expansion": "(interrogative pronoun)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"chi"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"chi"
]
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Italian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "Who goes there?",
"text": "Chi viène qui ?",
"translation": "Who goes there?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
7
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "Who are they coming with?",
"text": "Con chi vèngono?",
"translation": "Who are they coming with?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"english": "Who/m are we hearing?",
"text": "Chi stiamo ascoltando?",
"translation": "Who/m are we hearing?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"who, whom; whoever"
],
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
],
[
"whom",
"whom"
],
[
"whoever",
"whoever"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"interrogative",
"invariable",
"masculine",
"pronoun"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ki/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-i"
}
],
"word": "chi"
}
{
"categories": [
"Italian 1-syllable words",
"Italian chis",
"Italian countable nouns",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian feminine nouns",
"Italian indeclinable nouns",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian masculine nouns",
"Italian nouns",
"Italian nouns with multiple genders",
"Italian terms borrowed from Latin",
"Italian terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Italian terms derived from Latin",
"Italian terms derived from Old Latin",
"Italian terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Italian terms inherited from Latin",
"Italian terms inherited from Old Latin",
"Italian terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Italian terms with audio pronunciation",
"Pages with 25 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Italian/i",
"Rhymes:Italian/i/1 syllable",
"it:Greek letter names",
"zom:Botany",
"zom:Minerals"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "quī"
},
"expansion": "Latin quī",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "itc-ola",
"3": "quei"
},
"expansion": "Old Latin quei",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*kʷoi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *kʷoi",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin quī, from Old Latin quei, from Proto-Italic *kʷoi.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chi m sg or f sg by sense",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "chi",
"g": "mfbysense-s"
},
"expansion": "chi m sg or f sg by sense",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "fused relative",
"3": "indefinite"
},
"expansion": "(fused relative, indefinite)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"chi"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"chi"
]
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"word": "che"
},
{
"word": "cui"
},
{
"word": "il quale"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Italian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
15,
18
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
11,
20
]
],
"english": "Mom kisses those who are brave.",
"text": "La mamma bacia chi è bravo/a",
"translation": "Mom kisses those who are brave.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
12
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
16,
24
]
],
"english": "I only love the ones who love me.",
"text": "Amo solo chi mi ama",
"translation": "I only love the ones who love me.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "He who apologizes assumes his blame.",
"text": "Chi si scusa s'accusa.",
"translation": "He who apologizes assumes his blame.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"he/she/they who, those who, the ones who; (archaic) whom"
],
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
],
[
"whom",
"whom"
]
],
"tags": [
"interrogative",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Italian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
9
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
5,
8
]
],
"english": "Come who can.",
"text": "Vènga chi può.",
"translation": "Come who can.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"english": "Whoever said that would be lying.",
"text": "Chi lo dicesse mentirebbe.",
"translation": "Whoever said that would be lying.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"whoever, who"
],
"links": [
[
"whoever",
"whoever"
],
[
"who",
"who"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(absolutive) whoever, who"
],
"tags": [
"absolutive",
"interrogative",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Italian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
],
[
13,
16
],
[
17,
20
],
[
22,
25
],
[
32,
35
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
4
],
[
17,
21
],
[
37,
43
]
],
"english": "Some would read, some were chatting, others drawing.",
"text": "Chi leggeva, chi chiacchierava, chi disegnava.",
"translation": "Some would read, some were chatting, others drawing.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"some, ... others, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"some",
"some"
],
[
"others",
"others"
]
],
"qualifier": "when repeated",
"raw_glosses": [
"(when repeated) some, ... others, etc."
],
"tags": [
"interrogative",
"pronoun"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ki/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-i"
}
],
"word": "chi"
}
{
"categories": [
"Italian 1-syllable words",
"Italian countable nouns",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian feminine nouns",
"Italian indeclinable nouns",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian masculine nouns",
"Italian nouns",
"Italian nouns with multiple genders",
"Italian terms borrowed from Latin",
"Italian terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Italian terms derived from Latin",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Italian terms with audio pronunciation",
"Pages with 25 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Italian/i",
"Rhymes:Italian/i/1 syllable",
"it:Greek letter names",
"zom:Botany",
"zom:Minerals"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it:"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "wp"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "chī"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin chī",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "grc",
"3": "χεῖ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek χεῖ (kheî)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin chī, from Ancient Greek χεῖ (kheî).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mf",
"2": "#"
},
"expansion": "chi m or f (invariable)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"chi"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"chi"
]
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Italian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "If one were to ask me that, I would not answer.",
"text": "Chi mi domandasse ciò non risponderei.",
"translation": "If one were to ask me that, I would not answer.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
9
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
17,
28
]
],
"english": "I am looking for someone who'd give a good advice.",
"text": "Cerco chi mi dia un buon consiglio.",
"translation": "I am looking for someone who'd give a good advice.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chi (Greek letter)"
],
"links": [
[
"chi",
"chi#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with a subjunctive)",
"chi (Greek letter)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with a subjunctive"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"interrogative",
"invariable",
"masculine",
"pronoun"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ki/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-i"
}
],
"word": "chi"
}
Download raw JSONL data for chi meaning in Italian (8.5kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Italian: 'chi m sg or f sg by sense', originally 'chi m sg or f sg by sense'",
"path": [
"chi"
],
"section": "Italian",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "chi",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Italian: 'chi m sg or f sg by sense', originally 'chi m sg or f sg by sense'",
"path": [
"chi"
],
"section": "Italian",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "chi",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['canonical']: 'chi m sg or f sg by sense' in 'chi m sg or f sg by sense'",
"path": [
"chi"
],
"section": "Italian",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "chi",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Italian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (6fdc867 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.