"zu" meaning in German

See zu in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /t͡suː/ [standard], /t͡sə/ (note: meaning “too”) Audio: DE-zu.OGG , De-zu2.ogg
Rhymes: -uː Etymology: From a spelling merger of two interrelated adpreps: 1.) Middle High German ze, from Old High German za, zi, from Proto-Germanic *ta; and 2.) Middle High German zuo, from Old High German zuo, from Proto-Germanic *tō. A distinction between both words has widely been retained in dialects, and also to some degree in modern spoken German (see pronunciation section below). Cognate with Silesian East Central German zu (contractions with the definite article: zum m or n, zur f); Dutch te, toe; Old Saxon tō; English to, too. Etymology templates: {{inh|de|gmh|ze}} Middle High German ze, {{inh|de|goh|za}} Old High German za, {{inh|de|gem-pro|*ta}} Proto-Germanic *ta, {{inh|de|gmh|zuo}} Middle High German zuo, {{inh|de|goh|zuo}} Old High German zuo, {{inh|de|gem-pro|*tō}} Proto-Germanic *tō, {{cog|sli|zu}} Silesian East Central German zu, {{cog|nl|te}} Dutch te, {{cog|osx|tō}} Old Saxon tō, {{cog|en|to}} English to Head templates: {{de-adj|indecl.predonly}} zu (indeclinable, predicative only) Inflection templates: {{de-adecl|indecl.predonly}}
  1. (somewhat informal) shut, closed (made inaccessible or impassable; not open) Tags: indeclinable, informal, predicative Synonyms: geschlossen
    Sense id: en-zu-de-adj-hnxnvGMf
  2. closed (not operating or conducting trade) Tags: indeclinable, predicative
    Sense id: en-zu-de-adj-UB-Q-yZB
  3. done up (fastened) Tags: indeclinable, predicative
    Sense id: en-zu-de-adj-iaff5vVp Categories (other): German prepositions Disambiguation of German prepositions: 6 4 10 5 3 6 4 6 5 4 3 5 10 5 1 1 1 1 5 5 4 4 2
  4. (slang) hammered; very drunk Tags: indeclinable, predicative, slang
    Sense id: en-zu-de-adj-lajiYiQI
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: [obsolete]

Adverb

IPA: /t͡suː/ [standard], /t͡sə/ (note: meaning “too”) Audio: DE-zu.OGG , De-zu2.ogg
Rhymes: -uː Etymology: From a spelling merger of two interrelated adpreps: 1.) Middle High German ze, from Old High German za, zi, from Proto-Germanic *ta; and 2.) Middle High German zuo, from Old High German zuo, from Proto-Germanic *tō. A distinction between both words has widely been retained in dialects, and also to some degree in modern spoken German (see pronunciation section below). Cognate with Silesian East Central German zu (contractions with the definite article: zum m or n, zur f); Dutch te, toe; Old Saxon tō; English to, too. Etymology templates: {{inh|de|gmh|ze}} Middle High German ze, {{inh|de|goh|za}} Old High German za, {{inh|de|gem-pro|*ta}} Proto-Germanic *ta, {{inh|de|gmh|zuo}} Middle High German zuo, {{inh|de|goh|zuo}} Old High German zuo, {{inh|de|gem-pro|*tō}} Proto-Germanic *tō, {{cog|sli|zu}} Silesian East Central German zu, {{cog|nl|te}} Dutch te, {{cog|osx|tō}} Old Saxon tō, {{cog|en|to}} English to Head templates: {{head|de|adverb||||am {{{2}}}|head=|sort=}} zu, {{de-adv}} zu
  1. (with adjectives and adverbs) too (excessively)
    Sense id: en-zu-de-adv-0y-ZG-h-
  2. (by extension, slang) An intensifier. Tags: broadly, slang
    Sense id: en-zu-de-adv-Z7ZQ1JVM Categories (other): German intensifiers Disambiguation of German intensifiers: 1 1 6 0 0 20 0 1 1 0 0 4 18 11 4 4 3 0 11 5 1 4 4
  3. towards; at
    Sense id: en-zu-de-adv-8pVXdpTv
  4. (somewhat informal) shut; closed; locked Tags: informal Synonyms: geschlossen
    Sense id: en-zu-de-adv-x77Qme7m
  5. ahead, on (along, forwards (continuing an action))
    Sense id: en-zu-de-adv-Ak6jhpMI
  6. (colloquial) As a separated part of dazu or wozu Tags: colloquial
    Sense id: en-zu-de-adv-ABYOC9Bw
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: [obsolete] Derived forms: zumachen, zuschließen, zuschliessen

Particle

IPA: /t͡suː/ [standard], /t͡sə/ (note: meaning “too”) Audio: DE-zu.OGG , De-zu2.ogg
Rhymes: -uː Etymology: From a spelling merger of two interrelated adpreps: 1.) Middle High German ze, from Old High German za, zi, from Proto-Germanic *ta; and 2.) Middle High German zuo, from Old High German zuo, from Proto-Germanic *tō. A distinction between both words has widely been retained in dialects, and also to some degree in modern spoken German (see pronunciation section below). Cognate with Silesian East Central German zu (contractions with the definite article: zum m or n, zur f); Dutch te, toe; Old Saxon tō; English to, too. Etymology templates: {{inh|de|gmh|ze}} Middle High German ze, {{inh|de|goh|za}} Old High German za, {{inh|de|gem-pro|*ta}} Proto-Germanic *ta, {{inh|de|gmh|zuo}} Middle High German zuo, {{inh|de|goh|zuo}} Old High German zuo, {{inh|de|gem-pro|*tō}} Proto-Germanic *tō, {{cog|sli|zu}} Silesian East Central German zu, {{cog|nl|te}} Dutch te, {{cog|osx|tō}} Old Saxon tō, {{cog|en|to}} English to Head templates: {{head|de|particle}} zu
  1. (with infinitives of verbs) to
    Sense id: en-zu-de-particle-Zj6hv~~l
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: [obsolete]

Preposition

IPA: /t͡suː/ [standard], /t͡sə/ (note: meaning “too”) Audio: DE-zu.OGG , De-zu2.ogg
Rhymes: -uː Etymology: From a spelling merger of two interrelated adpreps: 1.) Middle High German ze, from Old High German za, zi, from Proto-Germanic *ta; and 2.) Middle High German zuo, from Old High German zuo, from Proto-Germanic *tō. A distinction between both words has widely been retained in dialects, and also to some degree in modern spoken German (see pronunciation section below). Cognate with Silesian East Central German zu (contractions with the definite article: zum m or n, zur f); Dutch te, toe; Old Saxon tō; English to, too. Etymology templates: {{inh|de|gmh|ze}} Middle High German ze, {{inh|de|goh|za}} Old High German za, {{inh|de|gem-pro|*ta}} Proto-Germanic *ta, {{inh|de|gmh|zuo}} Middle High German zuo, {{inh|de|goh|zuo}} Old High German zuo, {{inh|de|gem-pro|*tō}} Proto-Germanic *tō, {{cog|sli|zu}} Silesian East Central German zu, {{cog|nl|te}} Dutch te, {{cog|osx|tō}} Old Saxon tō, {{cog|en|to}} English to Head templates: {{head|de|preposition}} zu
  1. to, towards (indicates directionality)
    Sense id: en-zu-de-prep-HRcluCS-
  2. with respect to; regarding
    Sense id: en-zu-de-prep-XE7c7ymR Categories (other): Pages with 12 entries, Pages with entries, German entries with incorrect language header, German intensifiers, German particles, German prepositions Disambiguation of Pages with 12 entries: 0 2 1 1 6 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 4 12 8 4 4 3 0 9 4 1 4 3 4 4 1 0 12 1 0 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 0 1 1 0 6 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 4 14 9 4 5 3 0 10 4 1 4 4 4 4 0 0 14 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Disambiguation of German entries with incorrect language header: 2 1 7 1 0 1 0 3 1 0 0 5 20 12 5 6 4 1 13 6 3 5 5 Disambiguation of German intensifiers: 1 1 6 0 0 20 0 1 1 0 0 4 18 11 4 4 3 0 11 5 1 4 4 Disambiguation of German particles: 1 1 7 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 5 22 13 5 6 4 0 14 6 1 5 5 Disambiguation of German prepositions: 6 4 10 5 3 6 4 6 5 4 3 5 10 5 1 1 1 1 5 5 4 4 2
  3. along with; with (accompanying (the main thing in question))
    Sense id: en-zu-de-prep-J8~~UcIx Categories (other): German intensifiers Disambiguation of German intensifiers: 1 1 6 0 0 20 0 1 1 0 0 4 18 11 4 4 3 0 11 5 1 4 4
  4. at, on (indicates location)
    Sense id: en-zu-de-prep-B2E46j-N
  5. at (indicates time)
    Sense id: en-zu-de-prep-SSDGE2tP
  6. by, in, on, at (indicates mode (of transportation, speech, etc.))
    Sense id: en-zu-de-prep-UWIOB42O
  7. (with a verb) for; (with a noun) as, by way of (for the purpose of)
    Sense id: en-zu-de-prep-eNLc6gqQ
  8. for (in honor of, or directed towards the celebration or event of)
    Sense id: en-zu-de-prep-QLLqxKBA Categories (other): Pages with entries, German intensifiers Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 0 1 1 0 6 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 4 14 9 4 5 3 0 10 4 1 4 4 4 4 0 0 14 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Disambiguation of German intensifiers: 1 1 6 0 0 20 0 1 1 0 0 4 18 11 4 4 3 0 11 5 1 4 4
  9. into (indicates transition into another form or substance)
    Sense id: en-zu-de-prep-t6ME2W-0
  10. as, for, to be (to take on the role of)
    Sense id: en-zu-de-prep-~fRMWpuQ
  11. to (used to indicate ratios)
    Sense id: en-zu-de-prep-NYqXsP-~
  12. at (denotes a price or rate)
    Sense id: en-zu-de-prep-eTh3E6tc
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: [obsolete]
Derived forms: zum (alt: zu + dem) [masculine, neuter], bis zu, zu Fuß, zu Fuss, zu Hause, zuhause, Zuhause, zu Herzen nehmen, zu Recht Derived forms (zu + den): zun [obsolete, plural] Derived forms (zu + der): zur [feminine] Disambiguation of 'zu + den': 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Disambiguation of 'zu + der': 18 7 17 4 1 4 4 11 8 22 3 1

Alternative forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "alt": "zu + dem",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "zum"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "bis zu"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "zu Fuß"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "zu Fuss"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "zu Hause"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "zuhause"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Zuhause"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "zu Herzen nehmen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "zu Recht"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "18 7 17 4 1 4 4 11 8 22 3 1",
      "sense": "zu + der",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "zur"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "sense": "zu + den",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete",
        "plural"
      ],
      "word": "zun"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "ze"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German ze",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "za"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German za",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*ta"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ta",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "zuo"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German zuo",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "zuo"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German zuo",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*tō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sli",
        "2": "zu"
      },
      "expansion": "Silesian East Central German zu",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "te"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch te",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "tō"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon tō",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "to"
      },
      "expansion": "English to",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From a spelling merger of two interrelated adpreps: 1.) Middle High German ze, from Old High German za, zi, from Proto-Germanic *ta; and 2.) Middle High German zuo, from Old High German zuo, from Proto-Germanic *tō. A distinction between both words has widely been retained in dialects, and also to some degree in modern spoken German (see pronunciation section below). Cognate with Silesian East Central German zu (contractions with the definite article: zum m or n, zur f); Dutch te, toe; Old Saxon tō; English to, too.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "preposition"
      },
      "expansion": "zu",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "info_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "dat"
      },
      "expansion": "[with dative]",
      "extra_data": {
        "tags": [
          "dative"
        ]
      },
      "name": "+obj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "prep",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to the train station",
          "text": "zum Bahnhof",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to, towards (indicates directionality)"
      ],
      "id": "en-zu-de-prep-HRcluCS-",
      "links": [
        [
          "to",
          "to"
        ],
        [
          "towards",
          "towards"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 2 1 1 6 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 4 12 8 4 4 3 0 9 4 1 4 3 4 4 1 0 12 1 0 1 1 1 1 2 1 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 12 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 1 1 0 6 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 4 14 9 4 5 3 0 10 4 1 4 4 4 4 0 0 14 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 1 7 1 0 1 0 3 1 0 0 5 20 12 5 6 4 1 13 6 3 5 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 1 6 0 0 20 0 1 1 0 0 4 18 11 4 4 3 0 11 5 1 4 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "German intensifiers",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 1 7 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 5 22 13 5 6 4 0 14 6 1 5 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "German particles",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 4 10 5 3 6 4 6 5 4 3 5 10 5 1 1 1 1 5 5 4 4 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "German prepositions",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "With respect to item 1, let me remark that...",
          "text": "Zu Punkt 1 möchte ich bemerken, dass...",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "with respect to; regarding"
      ],
      "id": "en-zu-de-prep-XE7c7ymR",
      "links": [
        [
          "respect",
          "respect"
        ],
        [
          "regarding",
          "regarding"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "1 1 6 0 0 20 0 1 1 0 0 4 18 11 4 4 3 0 11 5 1 4 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "German intensifiers",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to drink water with one’s meal",
          "text": "Wasser zum Essen trinken",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "along with; with (accompanying (the main thing in question))"
      ],
      "id": "en-zu-de-prep-J8~~UcIx",
      "links": [
        [
          "along",
          "along"
        ],
        [
          "with",
          "with"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "at home",
          "text": "zu Hause",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "at, on (indicates location)"
      ],
      "id": "en-zu-de-prep-B2E46j-N",
      "links": [
        [
          "at",
          "at"
        ],
        [
          "on",
          "on"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "at the right time",
          "text": "zur richtigen Zeit",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "at the beginning",
          "text": "zu Beginn",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "at (indicates time)"
      ],
      "id": "en-zu-de-prep-SSDGE2tP",
      "links": [
        [
          "at",
          "at"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "on horseback",
          "text": "zu Pferd",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "by, in, on, at (indicates mode (of transportation, speech, etc.))"
      ],
      "id": "en-zu-de-prep-UWIOB42O",
      "links": [
        [
          "by",
          "by"
        ],
        [
          "in",
          "in"
        ],
        [
          "on",
          "on"
        ],
        [
          "at",
          "at"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "for; (with a noun) as, by way of (for the purpose of)"
      ],
      "id": "en-zu-de-prep-eNLc6gqQ",
      "links": [
        [
          "for",
          "for"
        ],
        [
          "as",
          "as"
        ],
        [
          "by way of",
          "by way of"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(with a verb) for; (with a noun) as, by way of (for the purpose of)"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with a verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 1 1 0 6 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 4 14 9 4 5 3 0 10 4 1 4 4 4 4 0 0 14 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 1 6 0 0 20 0 1 1 0 0 4 18 11 4 4 3 0 11 5 1 4 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "German intensifiers",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "for (in honor of, or directed towards the celebration or event of)"
      ],
      "id": "en-zu-de-prep-QLLqxKBA",
      "links": [
        [
          "for",
          "for"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "into (indicates transition into another form or substance)"
      ],
      "id": "en-zu-de-prep-t6ME2W-0",
      "links": [
        [
          "into",
          "into"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "as, for, to be (to take on the role of)"
      ],
      "id": "en-zu-de-prep-~fRMWpuQ",
      "links": [
        [
          "as",
          "as"
        ],
        [
          "for",
          "for"
        ],
        [
          "be",
          "be"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to (used to indicate ratios)"
      ],
      "id": "en-zu-de-prep-NYqXsP-~",
      "links": [
        [
          "to",
          "to"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "at (denotes a price or rate)"
      ],
      "id": "en-zu-de-prep-eTh3E6tc",
      "links": [
        [
          "at",
          "at"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡suː/",
      "tags": [
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "DE-zu.OGG",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6b/DE-zu.OGG/DE-zu.OGG.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/DE-zu.OGG"
    },
    {
      "audio": "De-zu2.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bc/De-zu2.ogg/De-zu2.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bc/De-zu2.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sə/",
      "note": "meaning “too”"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-uː"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "zů"
    }
  ],
  "word": "zu"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "ze"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German ze",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "za"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German za",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*ta"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ta",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "zuo"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German zuo",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "zuo"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German zuo",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*tō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sli",
        "2": "zu"
      },
      "expansion": "Silesian East Central German zu",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "te"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch te",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "tō"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon tō",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "to"
      },
      "expansion": "English to",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From a spelling merger of two interrelated adpreps: 1.) Middle High German ze, from Old High German za, zi, from Proto-Germanic *ta; and 2.) Middle High German zuo, from Old High German zuo, from Proto-Germanic *tō. A distinction between both words has widely been retained in dialects, and also to some degree in modern spoken German (see pronunciation section below). Cognate with Silesian East Central German zu (contractions with the definite article: zum m or n, zur f); Dutch te, toe; Old Saxon tō; English to, too.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "particle"
      },
      "expansion": "zu",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "particle",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "something to eat",
          "text": "etwas zu essen",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to"
      ],
      "id": "en-zu-de-particle-Zj6hv~~l",
      "links": [
        [
          "to",
          "to"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(with infinitives of verbs) to"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with infinitives of verbs"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡suː/",
      "tags": [
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "DE-zu.OGG",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6b/DE-zu.OGG/DE-zu.OGG.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/DE-zu.OGG"
    },
    {
      "audio": "De-zu2.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bc/De-zu2.ogg/De-zu2.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bc/De-zu2.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sə/",
      "note": "meaning “too”"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-uː"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "zů"
    }
  ],
  "word": "zu"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "zumachen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "zuschließen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "zuschliessen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "ze"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German ze",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "za"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German za",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*ta"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ta",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "zuo"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German zuo",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "zuo"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German zuo",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*tō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sli",
        "2": "zu"
      },
      "expansion": "Silesian East Central German zu",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "te"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch te",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "tō"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon tō",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "to"
      },
      "expansion": "English to",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From a spelling merger of two interrelated adpreps: 1.) Middle High German ze, from Old High German za, zi, from Proto-Germanic *ta; and 2.) Middle High German zuo, from Old High German zuo, from Proto-Germanic *tō. A distinction between both words has widely been retained in dialects, and also to some degree in modern spoken German (see pronunciation section below). Cognate with Silesian East Central German zu (contractions with the definite article: zum m or n, zur f); Dutch te, toe; Old Saxon tō; English to, too.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "adverb",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "am {{{2}}}",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "zu",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "zu",
      "name": "de-adv"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "too fast",
          "text": "zu schnell",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "too (excessively)"
      ],
      "id": "en-zu-de-adv-0y-ZG-h-",
      "links": [
        [
          "too",
          "too"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(with adjectives and adverbs) too (excessively)"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with adjectives and adverbs"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "1 1 6 0 0 20 0 1 1 0 0 4 18 11 4 4 3 0 11 5 1 4 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "German intensifiers",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "This food tastes so good!",
          "text": "Dieses Essen ist zu lecker!",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An intensifier."
      ],
      "id": "en-zu-de-adv-Z7ZQ1JVM",
      "links": [
        [
          "intensifier",
          "intensifier#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension, slang) An intensifier."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "slang"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "towards; at"
      ],
      "id": "en-zu-de-adv-8pVXdpTv",
      "links": [
        [
          "towards",
          "towards"
        ],
        [
          "at",
          "at"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "auf"
        },
        {
          "word": "offen"
        },
        {
          "word": "geöffnet"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "shut; closed; locked"
      ],
      "id": "en-zu-de-adv-x77Qme7m",
      "links": [
        [
          "shut",
          "shut"
        ],
        [
          "closed",
          "closed"
        ],
        [
          "locked",
          "locked"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(somewhat informal) shut; closed; locked"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "geschlossen"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "ahead, on (along, forwards (continuing an action))"
      ],
      "id": "en-zu-de-adv-Ak6jhpMI",
      "links": [
        [
          "ahead",
          "ahead"
        ],
        [
          "on",
          "on"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "\"Wann willst du denn los?\"\n\"Um 10? Nur wenn du da Lust zu hast.\"\n\"When did you wanna go?\"\n\"At 10? Only if you're up for it.\"",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "As a separated part of dazu or wozu"
      ],
      "id": "en-zu-de-adv-ABYOC9Bw",
      "links": [
        [
          "dazu",
          "dazu#German"
        ],
        [
          "wozu",
          "wozu#German"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial) As a separated part of dazu or wozu"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡suː/",
      "tags": [
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "DE-zu.OGG",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6b/DE-zu.OGG/DE-zu.OGG.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/DE-zu.OGG"
    },
    {
      "audio": "De-zu2.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bc/De-zu2.ogg/De-zu2.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bc/De-zu2.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sə/",
      "note": "meaning “too”"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-uː"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "zů"
    }
  ],
  "word": "zu"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "ze"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German ze",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "za"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German za",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*ta"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ta",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "zuo"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German zuo",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "zuo"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German zuo",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*tō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sli",
        "2": "zu"
      },
      "expansion": "Silesian East Central German zu",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "te"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch te",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "tō"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon tō",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "to"
      },
      "expansion": "English to",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From a spelling merger of two interrelated adpreps: 1.) Middle High German ze, from Old High German za, zi, from Proto-Germanic *ta; and 2.) Middle High German zuo, from Old High German zuo, from Proto-Germanic *tō. A distinction between both words has widely been retained in dialects, and also to some degree in modern spoken German (see pronunciation section below). Cognate with Silesian East Central German zu (contractions with the definite article: zum m or n, zur f); Dutch te, toe; Old Saxon tō; English to, too.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "indecl.predonly"
      },
      "expansion": "zu (indeclinable, predicative only)",
      "name": "de-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "indecl.predonly"
      },
      "name": "de-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "heutzutage"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "zuerst"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Zugang"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "zu haben"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "zumindest"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "zunächst"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "zurecht-"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "zurück"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "zusammen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Zustand"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "zuvörderst"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Zuwachs"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The shop was closed.",
          "text": "Das Geschäft war zu.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "This door must be shut at all times for reasons of fire safety.",
          "text": "Die Tür muss aus Brandschutzgründen immer zu sein.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "The door is locked, I can’t get in there.",
          "text": "Die Tür ist zu, ich komm nicht rein.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "shut, closed (made inaccessible or impassable; not open)"
      ],
      "id": "en-zu-de-adj-hnxnvGMf",
      "links": [
        [
          "shut",
          "shut"
        ],
        [
          "closed",
          "closed"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(somewhat informal) shut, closed (made inaccessible or impassable; not open)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "geschlossen"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "indeclinable",
        "informal",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "closed (not operating or conducting trade)"
      ],
      "id": "en-zu-de-adj-UB-Q-yZB",
      "tags": [
        "indeclinable",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 4 10 5 3 6 4 6 5 4 3 5 10 5 1 1 1 1 5 5 4 4 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "German prepositions",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "done up (fastened)"
      ],
      "id": "en-zu-de-adj-iaff5vVp",
      "links": [
        [
          "done up",
          "done up"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "indeclinable",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "hammered; very drunk"
      ],
      "id": "en-zu-de-adj-lajiYiQI",
      "links": [
        [
          "hammered",
          "hammered"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(slang) hammered; very drunk"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "indeclinable",
        "predicative",
        "slang"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡suː/",
      "tags": [
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "DE-zu.OGG",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6b/DE-zu.OGG/DE-zu.OGG.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/DE-zu.OGG"
    },
    {
      "audio": "De-zu2.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bc/De-zu2.ogg/De-zu2.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bc/De-zu2.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sə/",
      "note": "meaning “too”"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-uː"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "zů"
    }
  ],
  "word": "zu"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "German adjectives",
    "German adverbs",
    "German entries with incorrect language header",
    "German intensifiers",
    "German lemmas",
    "German particles",
    "German prepositions",
    "German terms derived from Middle High German",
    "German terms derived from Old High German",
    "German terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "German terms inherited from Middle High German",
    "German terms inherited from Old High German",
    "German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "German uncomparable adjectives",
    "Pages with 12 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:German/uː",
    "Rhymes:German/uː/1 syllable"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "alt": "zu + dem",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "zum"
    },
    {
      "sense": "zu + der",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "zur"
    },
    {
      "sense": "zu + den",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete",
        "plural"
      ],
      "word": "zun"
    },
    {
      "word": "bis zu"
    },
    {
      "word": "zu Fuß"
    },
    {
      "word": "zu Fuss"
    },
    {
      "word": "zu Hause"
    },
    {
      "word": "zuhause"
    },
    {
      "word": "Zuhause"
    },
    {
      "word": "zu Herzen nehmen"
    },
    {
      "word": "zu Recht"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "ze"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German ze",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "za"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German za",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*ta"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ta",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "zuo"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German zuo",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "zuo"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German zuo",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*tō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sli",
        "2": "zu"
      },
      "expansion": "Silesian East Central German zu",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "te"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch te",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "tō"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon tō",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "to"
      },
      "expansion": "English to",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From a spelling merger of two interrelated adpreps: 1.) Middle High German ze, from Old High German za, zi, from Proto-Germanic *ta; and 2.) Middle High German zuo, from Old High German zuo, from Proto-Germanic *tō. A distinction between both words has widely been retained in dialects, and also to some degree in modern spoken German (see pronunciation section below). Cognate with Silesian East Central German zu (contractions with the definite article: zum m or n, zur f); Dutch te, toe; Old Saxon tō; English to, too.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "preposition"
      },
      "expansion": "zu",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "info_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "dat"
      },
      "expansion": "[with dative]",
      "extra_data": {
        "tags": [
          "dative"
        ]
      },
      "name": "+obj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "prep",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "German terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to the train station",
          "text": "zum Bahnhof",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to, towards (indicates directionality)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "to",
          "to"
        ],
        [
          "towards",
          "towards"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "German terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "With respect to item 1, let me remark that...",
          "text": "Zu Punkt 1 möchte ich bemerken, dass...",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "with respect to; regarding"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "respect",
          "respect"
        ],
        [
          "regarding",
          "regarding"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "German terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to drink water with one’s meal",
          "text": "Wasser zum Essen trinken",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "along with; with (accompanying (the main thing in question))"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "along",
          "along"
        ],
        [
          "with",
          "with"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "German terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "at home",
          "text": "zu Hause",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "at, on (indicates location)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "at",
          "at"
        ],
        [
          "on",
          "on"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "German terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "at the right time",
          "text": "zur richtigen Zeit",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "at the beginning",
          "text": "zu Beginn",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "at (indicates time)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "at",
          "at"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "German terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "on horseback",
          "text": "zu Pferd",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "by, in, on, at (indicates mode (of transportation, speech, etc.))"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "by",
          "by"
        ],
        [
          "in",
          "in"
        ],
        [
          "on",
          "on"
        ],
        [
          "at",
          "at"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "for; (with a noun) as, by way of (for the purpose of)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "for",
          "for"
        ],
        [
          "as",
          "as"
        ],
        [
          "by way of",
          "by way of"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(with a verb) for; (with a noun) as, by way of (for the purpose of)"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with a verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "for (in honor of, or directed towards the celebration or event of)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "for",
          "for"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "into (indicates transition into another form or substance)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "into",
          "into"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "as, for, to be (to take on the role of)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "as",
          "as"
        ],
        [
          "for",
          "for"
        ],
        [
          "be",
          "be"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to (used to indicate ratios)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "to",
          "to"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "at (denotes a price or rate)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "at",
          "at"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡suː/",
      "tags": [
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "DE-zu.OGG",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6b/DE-zu.OGG/DE-zu.OGG.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/DE-zu.OGG"
    },
    {
      "audio": "De-zu2.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bc/De-zu2.ogg/De-zu2.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bc/De-zu2.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sə/",
      "note": "meaning “too”"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-uː"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "zů"
    }
  ],
  "word": "zu"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "German adjectives",
    "German adverbs",
    "German entries with incorrect language header",
    "German intensifiers",
    "German lemmas",
    "German particles",
    "German prepositions",
    "German terms derived from Middle High German",
    "German terms derived from Old High German",
    "German terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "German terms inherited from Middle High German",
    "German terms inherited from Old High German",
    "German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "German uncomparable adjectives",
    "Pages with 12 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:German/uː",
    "Rhymes:German/uː/1 syllable"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "ze"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German ze",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "za"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German za",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*ta"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ta",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "zuo"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German zuo",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "zuo"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German zuo",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*tō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sli",
        "2": "zu"
      },
      "expansion": "Silesian East Central German zu",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "te"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch te",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "tō"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon tō",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "to"
      },
      "expansion": "English to",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From a spelling merger of two interrelated adpreps: 1.) Middle High German ze, from Old High German za, zi, from Proto-Germanic *ta; and 2.) Middle High German zuo, from Old High German zuo, from Proto-Germanic *tō. A distinction between both words has widely been retained in dialects, and also to some degree in modern spoken German (see pronunciation section below). Cognate with Silesian East Central German zu (contractions with the definite article: zum m or n, zur f); Dutch te, toe; Old Saxon tō; English to, too.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "particle"
      },
      "expansion": "zu",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "particle",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "German terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "something to eat",
          "text": "etwas zu essen",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "to",
          "to"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(with infinitives of verbs) to"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with infinitives of verbs"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡suː/",
      "tags": [
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "DE-zu.OGG",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6b/DE-zu.OGG/DE-zu.OGG.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/DE-zu.OGG"
    },
    {
      "audio": "De-zu2.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bc/De-zu2.ogg/De-zu2.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bc/De-zu2.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sə/",
      "note": "meaning “too”"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-uː"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "zů"
    }
  ],
  "word": "zu"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "German adjectives",
    "German adverbs",
    "German entries with incorrect language header",
    "German intensifiers",
    "German lemmas",
    "German particles",
    "German prepositions",
    "German terms derived from Middle High German",
    "German terms derived from Old High German",
    "German terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "German terms inherited from Middle High German",
    "German terms inherited from Old High German",
    "German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "German uncomparable adjectives",
    "Pages with 12 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:German/uː",
    "Rhymes:German/uː/1 syllable"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "zumachen"
    },
    {
      "word": "zuschließen"
    },
    {
      "word": "zuschliessen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "ze"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German ze",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "za"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German za",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*ta"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ta",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "zuo"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German zuo",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "zuo"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German zuo",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*tō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sli",
        "2": "zu"
      },
      "expansion": "Silesian East Central German zu",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "te"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch te",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "tō"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon tō",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "to"
      },
      "expansion": "English to",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From a spelling merger of two interrelated adpreps: 1.) Middle High German ze, from Old High German za, zi, from Proto-Germanic *ta; and 2.) Middle High German zuo, from Old High German zuo, from Proto-Germanic *tō. A distinction between both words has widely been retained in dialects, and also to some degree in modern spoken German (see pronunciation section below). Cognate with Silesian East Central German zu (contractions with the definite article: zum m or n, zur f); Dutch te, toe; Old Saxon tō; English to, too.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "adverb",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "am {{{2}}}",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "zu",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "zu",
      "name": "de-adv"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "German terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "too fast",
          "text": "zu schnell",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "too (excessively)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "too",
          "too"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(with adjectives and adverbs) too (excessively)"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with adjectives and adverbs"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "German slang",
        "German terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "This food tastes so good!",
          "text": "Dieses Essen ist zu lecker!",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An intensifier."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "intensifier",
          "intensifier#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension, slang) An intensifier."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "slang"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "towards; at"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "towards",
          "towards"
        ],
        [
          "at",
          "at"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "auf"
        },
        {
          "word": "offen"
        },
        {
          "word": "geöffnet"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "German informal terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "shut; closed; locked"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "shut",
          "shut"
        ],
        [
          "closed",
          "closed"
        ],
        [
          "locked",
          "locked"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(somewhat informal) shut; closed; locked"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "geschlossen"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "ahead, on (along, forwards (continuing an action))"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ahead",
          "ahead"
        ],
        [
          "on",
          "on"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "German colloquialisms",
        "German terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "\"Wann willst du denn los?\"\n\"Um 10? Nur wenn du da Lust zu hast.\"\n\"When did you wanna go?\"\n\"At 10? Only if you're up for it.\"",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "As a separated part of dazu or wozu"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "dazu",
          "dazu#German"
        ],
        [
          "wozu",
          "wozu#German"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial) As a separated part of dazu or wozu"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡suː/",
      "tags": [
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "DE-zu.OGG",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6b/DE-zu.OGG/DE-zu.OGG.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/DE-zu.OGG"
    },
    {
      "audio": "De-zu2.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bc/De-zu2.ogg/De-zu2.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bc/De-zu2.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sə/",
      "note": "meaning “too”"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-uː"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "zů"
    }
  ],
  "word": "zu"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "German adjectives",
    "German adverbs",
    "German entries with incorrect language header",
    "German intensifiers",
    "German lemmas",
    "German particles",
    "German prepositions",
    "German terms derived from Middle High German",
    "German terms derived from Old High German",
    "German terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "German terms inherited from Middle High German",
    "German terms inherited from Old High German",
    "German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "German uncomparable adjectives",
    "Pages with 12 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:German/uː",
    "Rhymes:German/uː/1 syllable"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "ze"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German ze",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "za"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German za",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*ta"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ta",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "zuo"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German zuo",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "zuo"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German zuo",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*tō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sli",
        "2": "zu"
      },
      "expansion": "Silesian East Central German zu",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "te"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch te",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "tō"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon tō",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "to"
      },
      "expansion": "English to",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From a spelling merger of two interrelated adpreps: 1.) Middle High German ze, from Old High German za, zi, from Proto-Germanic *ta; and 2.) Middle High German zuo, from Old High German zuo, from Proto-Germanic *tō. A distinction between both words has widely been retained in dialects, and also to some degree in modern spoken German (see pronunciation section below). Cognate with Silesian East Central German zu (contractions with the definite article: zum m or n, zur f); Dutch te, toe; Old Saxon tō; English to, too.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "indecl.predonly"
      },
      "expansion": "zu (indeclinable, predicative only)",
      "name": "de-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "indecl.predonly"
      },
      "name": "de-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "heutzutage"
    },
    {
      "word": "zuerst"
    },
    {
      "word": "Zugang"
    },
    {
      "word": "zu haben"
    },
    {
      "word": "zumindest"
    },
    {
      "word": "zunächst"
    },
    {
      "word": "zurecht-"
    },
    {
      "word": "zurück"
    },
    {
      "word": "zusammen"
    },
    {
      "word": "Zustand"
    },
    {
      "word": "zuvörderst"
    },
    {
      "word": "Zuwachs"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "German informal terms",
        "German terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The shop was closed.",
          "text": "Das Geschäft war zu.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "This door must be shut at all times for reasons of fire safety.",
          "text": "Die Tür muss aus Brandschutzgründen immer zu sein.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "The door is locked, I can’t get in there.",
          "text": "Die Tür ist zu, ich komm nicht rein.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "shut, closed (made inaccessible or impassable; not open)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "shut",
          "shut"
        ],
        [
          "closed",
          "closed"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(somewhat informal) shut, closed (made inaccessible or impassable; not open)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "geschlossen"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "indeclinable",
        "informal",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "closed (not operating or conducting trade)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "indeclinable",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "done up (fastened)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "done up",
          "done up"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "indeclinable",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "German slang"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hammered; very drunk"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hammered",
          "hammered"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(slang) hammered; very drunk"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "indeclinable",
        "predicative",
        "slang"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡suː/",
      "tags": [
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "DE-zu.OGG",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6b/DE-zu.OGG/DE-zu.OGG.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/DE-zu.OGG"
    },
    {
      "audio": "De-zu2.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bc/De-zu2.ogg/De-zu2.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bc/De-zu2.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sə/",
      "note": "meaning “too”"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-uː"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "zů"
    }
  ],
  "word": "zu"
}

Download raw JSONL data for zu meaning in German (17.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable German dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.