"winding" meaning in English

See winding in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /ˈwɪndɪŋ/ [General-American, Received-Pronunciation] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-winding2.wav [Southern-England] Forms: more winding [comparative], most winding [superlative]
Rhymes: -ɪndɪŋ Etymology: The noun is derived from Middle English winding, windinge, wyndynge (“act of exposing something to the wind, airing, ventilating; act of winnowing (?)”), from winden, wynden (“to expose (something) to the air or wind, ventilate; to cause (someone) to be out of breath; to winnow (wheat); of an animal: to catch the scent of (someone or something)”) + -ing, -inge (suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs). The adjective is derived from the verb. The English word is analysable as wind (“to blow air through (a wind instrument or horn) to make a sound; to cause (someone) to become breathless; to winnow (food grain), etc.”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action). Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*h₂weh₁-}}, {{glossary|noun}} noun, {{inh|en|enm|winding}} Middle English winding, {{m|enm|windinge}} windinge, {{m|enm|wyndynge|t=act of exposing something to the wind, airing, ventilating; act of winnowing (?)}} wyndynge (“act of exposing something to the wind, airing, ventilating; act of winnowing (?)”), {{m|enm|winden}} winden, {{m|enm|wynden|t=to expose (something) to the air or wind, ventilate; to cause (someone) to be out of breath; to winnow (wheat); of an animal: to catch the scent of (someone or something)}} wynden (“to expose (something) to the air or wind, ventilate; to cause (someone) to be out of breath; to winnow (wheat); of an animal: to catch the scent of (someone or something)”), {{m|enm|-ing}} -ing, {{glossary|suffix}} suffix, {{glossary|gerund}} gerund, {{glossary|present}} present, {{glossary|participle}} participle, {{glossary|verb}} verb, {{m|enm|-inge|pos=suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs}} -inge (suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs), {{glossary|adjective}} adjective, {{sup|2}} ², {{glossary|participial}} participial, {{suffix|en|wind|ing|id2=participial|pos2=suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action|t1=to blow air through (a wind instrument or horn) to make a sound; to cause (someone) to become breathless; to winnow (food grain), etc.}} wind (“to blow air through (a wind instrument or horn) to make a sound; to cause (someone) to become breathless; to winnow (food grain), etc.”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action), {{sup|2}} ², {{sup|3}} ³ Head templates: {{en-adj|-|more}} winding (not generally comparable, comparative more winding, superlative most winding)
  1. (comparable) Causing one to be breathless or out of breath. Tags: comparable, not-comparable, usually Translations (causing one to be breathless or out of breath): hengästyttävä (Finnish)
    Sense id: en-winding-en-adj-KNdeVNQ0 Disambiguation of 'causing one to be breathless or out of breath': 95 5
  2. (not comparable, music) Of a horn or wind instrument: blown to make a sound. Tags: not-comparable, usually Categories (topical): Music Translations (of a horn or wind instrument: blown to make a sound): puhallettava (Finnish)
    Sense id: en-winding-en-adj-kBsZLapt Topics: entertainment, lifestyle, music Disambiguation of 'of a horn or wind instrument: blown to make a sound': 6 94
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Adjective

IPA: /ˈwaɪndɪŋ/ [General-American, Received-Pronunciation] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-winding1.wav [Southern-England] Forms: more winding [comparative], most winding [superlative]
Rhymes: -aɪndɪŋ Etymology: The noun is derived from Middle English winding, windinge, wyndynge (“directional change, curve, turn; bend of the leg at the knee; meandering course of a river; act of turning and twisting; twisting of things (especially thread) together; wrapping of a cloth around something; wattling of a structure; wattle(s); ornamentation with interwoven patterns; hoisting of something”) [and other forms], and then partly: * from winden, wynden (“to go, move; to move forcefully or suddenly; to direct, guide, lead; to go along a meandering or twisting course; to move in a circular pattern, revolve, turn; to move restlessly, toss and turn; to wriggle free; to move with a turning or twisting motion, bend, turn, twist; to form or mould (something) in one’s hands; to mix together; to cover; to clothe, dress; to wrap (a baby, a corpse, etc.); to encircle, surround; to bind; to interlace; to winch; (figurative) to conceal, disguise; to embroil, involve”) + -ing, -inge (suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs).; and * from Old English windung (“woven object”), from windan (“to twist, wind; to circle, curl, eddy, spiral”) (from Proto-Germanic *windaną (“to wind; to wrap”), from Proto-Indo-European *wendʰ- (“to turn; to wind”)) + -ung (suffix forming nouns denoting a verbal action or something involved in a verbal action). The adjective is derived from the verb. The English word is analysable as wind (“to turn coils of (a cord, etc.) around something; to encircle, enfold, entwist, wrap; to travel in a way that is not straight”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action). Etymology templates: {{langname|en}} English, {{senseno|en|twisting}} sense 2, {{root|en|ine-pro|*wendʰ-}}, {{glossary|noun}} noun, {{inh|en|enm|winding}} Middle English winding, {{m|enm|windinge}} windinge, {{m|enm|wyndynge|t=directional change, curve, turn; bend of the leg at the knee; meandering course of a river; act of turning and twisting; twisting of things (especially thread) together; wrapping of a cloth around something; wattling of a structure; wattle(s); ornamentation with interwoven patterns; hoisting of something}} wyndynge (“directional change, curve, turn; bend of the leg at the knee; meandering course of a river; act of turning and twisting; twisting of things (especially thread) together; wrapping of a cloth around something; wattling of a structure; wattle(s); ornamentation with interwoven patterns; hoisting of something”), {{nb...|vindand, windand, wingding|otherforms=1}} [and other forms], {{m|enm|winden}} winden, {{m|enm|wynden|t=to go, move; to move forcefully or suddenly; to direct, guide, lead; to go along a meandering or twisting course; to move in a circular pattern, revolve, turn; to move restlessly, toss and turn; to wriggle free; to move with a turning or twisting motion, bend, turn, twist; to form or mould (something) in one’s hands; to mix together; to cover; to clothe, dress; to wrap (a baby, a corpse, etc.); to encircle, surround; to bind; to interlace; to winch; (figurative) to conceal, disguise; to embroil, involve}} wynden (“to go, move; to move forcefully or suddenly; to direct, guide, lead; to go along a meandering or twisting course; to move in a circular pattern, revolve, turn; to move restlessly, toss and turn; to wriggle free; to move with a turning or twisting motion, bend, turn, twist; to form or mould (something) in one’s hands; to mix together; to cover; to clothe, dress; to wrap (a baby, a corpse, etc.); to encircle, surround; to bind; to interlace; to winch; (figurative) to conceal, disguise; to embroil, involve”), {{m|enm|-ing}} -ing, {{glossary|suffix}} suffix, {{glossary|gerund}} gerund, {{glossary|present}} present, {{glossary|participle}} participle, {{glossary|verb}} verb, {{m|enm|-inge|pos=suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs}} -inge (suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs), {{inh|en|ang|windung|t=woven object}} Old English windung (“woven object”), {{m|ang|windan|t=to twist, wind; to circle, curl, eddy, spiral}} windan (“to twist, wind; to circle, curl, eddy, spiral”), {{inh|en|gem-pro|*windaną|t=to wind; to wrap}} Proto-Germanic *windaną (“to wind; to wrap”), {{inh|en|ine-pro|*wendʰ-|t=to turn; to wind}} Proto-Indo-European *wendʰ- (“to turn; to wind”), {{m|ang|-ung|pos=suffix forming nouns denoting a verbal action or something involved in a verbal action}} -ung (suffix forming nouns denoting a verbal action or something involved in a verbal action), {{glossary|adjective}} adjective, {{sup|1}} ¹, {{glossary|participial}} participial, {{suffix|en|wind|ing|id2=gerund noun|pos2=suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action|t1=to turn coils of (a cord, etc.) around something; to encircle, enfold, entwist, wrap; to travel in a way that is not straight}} wind (“to turn coils of (a cord, etc.) around something; to encircle, enfold, entwist, wrap; to travel in a way that is not straight”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action), {{sup|1}} ¹ Head templates: {{en-adj}} winding (comparative more winding, superlative most winding)
  1. Moving in a sinuous or twisting manner. Translations (moving in a sinuous or twisting manner): kiemurteleva (Finnish)
    Sense id: en-winding-en-adj-h8oERdZ2 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English heteronyms Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 7 7 8 1 3 3 1 1 3 6 0 2 0 7 7 7 4 1 6 5 0 3 9 9 Disambiguation of English heteronyms: 7 6 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 5 1 3 1 6 8 7 5 1 5 5 1 3 8 9 Disambiguation of 'moving in a sinuous or twisting manner': 72 11 11 3 1 1
  2. Sinuous, turning, or twisting in form.
    Sense id: en-winding-en-adj-en:twisting
  3. Sinuous, turning, or twisting in form.
    Chiefly of a staircase: helical, spiral.
    Sense id: en-winding-en-adj-en:twisting1
  4. (figurative) Of speech, writing, etc.: not direct or to the point; rambling, roundabout. Tags: figuratively Synonyms: circuitous, circumlocutionary, indirect, meandering, tortuous
    Sense id: en-winding-en-adj-8~qf9MF1
  5. (obsolete)
    Flexible, pliant.     Tags: obsolete
    Sense id: en-winding-en-adj-tAOTaMdY
  6. (obsolete)
    (figurative) Morally crooked; crafty, shifty.     Tags: figuratively, obsolete
    Sense id: en-winding-en-adj-ePY0Oe4q
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: windingly, windingness Translations (sinuous, turning, or twisting in form): извиващ (izvivašt) (Bulgarian), лъкатушен (lǎkatušen) (Bulgarian), 曲折 (qūzhé) (Chinese Mandarin), kiemurteleva (Finnish), mutkikas (Finnish), mutkitteleva (Finnish), sinueux (French), tortueux (French), biegend (German), gewunden (German), schlängelnd (German), kanyargós (Hungarian), 曲がりくねっている (magarikunette iru) (alt: まがりくねっている) (Japanese), sinuōsus (Latin), tortilis (Latin), tortus (Latin), кри́вулест (krívulest) (Macedonian), kōpikopiko (Maori), pikopiko (Maori), svingete (Norwegian Bokmål), svingete (Norwegian Nynorsk), bestòrt (Occitan), sinuós (Occitan), tòrt (Occitan), پیچاپیچ (pičâpič) (Persian), kromm (Plautdietsch), sinuoso (Portuguese), tortuoso (Portuguese), изви́листый (izvílistyj) (Russian), петля́ющий (petljájuščij) (Russian), вью́щийся (vʹjúščijsja) (Russian), lùbach (Scottish Gaelic), liko-liko (Tagalog), kọ́lọkọ̀lọ (Yoruba)
Etymology number: 2 Disambiguation of 'sinuous, turning, or twisting in form': 6 45 45 2 1 0

Noun

IPA: /ˈwɪndɪŋ/ [General-American, Received-Pronunciation] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-winding2.wav [Southern-England] Forms: windings [plural]
Rhymes: -ɪndɪŋ Etymology: The noun is derived from Middle English winding, windinge, wyndynge (“act of exposing something to the wind, airing, ventilating; act of winnowing (?)”), from winden, wynden (“to expose (something) to the air or wind, ventilate; to cause (someone) to be out of breath; to winnow (wheat); of an animal: to catch the scent of (someone or something)”) + -ing, -inge (suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs). The adjective is derived from the verb. The English word is analysable as wind (“to blow air through (a wind instrument or horn) to make a sound; to cause (someone) to become breathless; to winnow (food grain), etc.”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action). Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*h₂weh₁-}}, {{glossary|noun}} noun, {{inh|en|enm|winding}} Middle English winding, {{m|enm|windinge}} windinge, {{m|enm|wyndynge|t=act of exposing something to the wind, airing, ventilating; act of winnowing (?)}} wyndynge (“act of exposing something to the wind, airing, ventilating; act of winnowing (?)”), {{m|enm|winden}} winden, {{m|enm|wynden|t=to expose (something) to the air or wind, ventilate; to cause (someone) to be out of breath; to winnow (wheat); of an animal: to catch the scent of (someone or something)}} wynden (“to expose (something) to the air or wind, ventilate; to cause (someone) to be out of breath; to winnow (wheat); of an animal: to catch the scent of (someone or something)”), {{m|enm|-ing}} -ing, {{glossary|suffix}} suffix, {{glossary|gerund}} gerund, {{glossary|present}} present, {{glossary|participle}} participle, {{glossary|verb}} verb, {{m|enm|-inge|pos=suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs}} -inge (suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs), {{glossary|adjective}} adjective, {{sup|2}} ², {{glossary|participial}} participial, {{suffix|en|wind|ing|id2=participial|pos2=suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action|t1=to blow air through (a wind instrument or horn) to make a sound; to cause (someone) to become breathless; to winnow (food grain), etc.}} wind (“to blow air through (a wind instrument or horn) to make a sound; to cause (someone) to become breathless; to winnow (food grain), etc.”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action), {{sup|2}} ², {{sup|3}} ³ Head templates: {{en-noun|~}} winding (countable and uncountable, plural windings)
  1. gerund of wind
    (agriculture, chiefly attributive) The act of winnowing (“subjecting food grain to a current of air to separate the grain from the chaff”).     Tags: attributive, countable, uncountable Categories (topical): Agriculture
    Sense id: en-winding-en-noun-nlq3Yq9z Topics: agriculture, business, lifestyle
  2. gerund of wind
    (music) The act of blowing air through a wind instrument or (chiefly) a horn to make a sound.     Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (topical): Music Translations (act of blowing air through a wind instrument or a horn to make a sound): puhallus (Finnish), ду́вање (dúvanje) [neuter] (Macedonian)
    Sense id: en-winding-en-noun-go7pykux Topics: entertainment, lifestyle, music Disambiguation of 'act of blowing air through a wind instrument or a horn to make a sound': 11 89
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: /ˈwaɪndɪŋ/ [General-American, Received-Pronunciation] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-winding1.wav [Southern-England] Forms: windings [plural]
Rhymes: -aɪndɪŋ Etymology: The noun is derived from Middle English winding, windinge, wyndynge (“directional change, curve, turn; bend of the leg at the knee; meandering course of a river; act of turning and twisting; twisting of things (especially thread) together; wrapping of a cloth around something; wattling of a structure; wattle(s); ornamentation with interwoven patterns; hoisting of something”) [and other forms], and then partly: * from winden, wynden (“to go, move; to move forcefully or suddenly; to direct, guide, lead; to go along a meandering or twisting course; to move in a circular pattern, revolve, turn; to move restlessly, toss and turn; to wriggle free; to move with a turning or twisting motion, bend, turn, twist; to form or mould (something) in one’s hands; to mix together; to cover; to clothe, dress; to wrap (a baby, a corpse, etc.); to encircle, surround; to bind; to interlace; to winch; (figurative) to conceal, disguise; to embroil, involve”) + -ing, -inge (suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs).; and * from Old English windung (“woven object”), from windan (“to twist, wind; to circle, curl, eddy, spiral”) (from Proto-Germanic *windaną (“to wind; to wrap”), from Proto-Indo-European *wendʰ- (“to turn; to wind”)) + -ung (suffix forming nouns denoting a verbal action or something involved in a verbal action). The adjective is derived from the verb. The English word is analysable as wind (“to turn coils of (a cord, etc.) around something; to encircle, enfold, entwist, wrap; to travel in a way that is not straight”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action). Etymology templates: {{langname|en}} English, {{senseno|en|twisting}} sense 2, {{root|en|ine-pro|*wendʰ-}}, {{glossary|noun}} noun, {{inh|en|enm|winding}} Middle English winding, {{m|enm|windinge}} windinge, {{m|enm|wyndynge|t=directional change, curve, turn; bend of the leg at the knee; meandering course of a river; act of turning and twisting; twisting of things (especially thread) together; wrapping of a cloth around something; wattling of a structure; wattle(s); ornamentation with interwoven patterns; hoisting of something}} wyndynge (“directional change, curve, turn; bend of the leg at the knee; meandering course of a river; act of turning and twisting; twisting of things (especially thread) together; wrapping of a cloth around something; wattling of a structure; wattle(s); ornamentation with interwoven patterns; hoisting of something”), {{nb...|vindand, windand, wingding|otherforms=1}} [and other forms], {{m|enm|winden}} winden, {{m|enm|wynden|t=to go, move; to move forcefully or suddenly; to direct, guide, lead; to go along a meandering or twisting course; to move in a circular pattern, revolve, turn; to move restlessly, toss and turn; to wriggle free; to move with a turning or twisting motion, bend, turn, twist; to form or mould (something) in one’s hands; to mix together; to cover; to clothe, dress; to wrap (a baby, a corpse, etc.); to encircle, surround; to bind; to interlace; to winch; (figurative) to conceal, disguise; to embroil, involve}} wynden (“to go, move; to move forcefully or suddenly; to direct, guide, lead; to go along a meandering or twisting course; to move in a circular pattern, revolve, turn; to move restlessly, toss and turn; to wriggle free; to move with a turning or twisting motion, bend, turn, twist; to form or mould (something) in one’s hands; to mix together; to cover; to clothe, dress; to wrap (a baby, a corpse, etc.); to encircle, surround; to bind; to interlace; to winch; (figurative) to conceal, disguise; to embroil, involve”), {{m|enm|-ing}} -ing, {{glossary|suffix}} suffix, {{glossary|gerund}} gerund, {{glossary|present}} present, {{glossary|participle}} participle, {{glossary|verb}} verb, {{m|enm|-inge|pos=suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs}} -inge (suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs), {{inh|en|ang|windung|t=woven object}} Old English windung (“woven object”), {{m|ang|windan|t=to twist, wind; to circle, curl, eddy, spiral}} windan (“to twist, wind; to circle, curl, eddy, spiral”), {{inh|en|gem-pro|*windaną|t=to wind; to wrap}} Proto-Germanic *windaną (“to wind; to wrap”), {{inh|en|ine-pro|*wendʰ-|t=to turn; to wind}} Proto-Indo-European *wendʰ- (“to turn; to wind”), {{m|ang|-ung|pos=suffix forming nouns denoting a verbal action or something involved in a verbal action}} -ung (suffix forming nouns denoting a verbal action or something involved in a verbal action), {{glossary|adjective}} adjective, {{sup|1}} ¹, {{glossary|participial}} participial, {{suffix|en|wind|ing|id2=gerund noun|pos2=suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action|t1=to turn coils of (a cord, etc.) around something; to encircle, enfold, entwist, wrap; to travel in a way that is not straight}} wind (“to turn coils of (a cord, etc.) around something; to encircle, enfold, entwist, wrap; to travel in a way that is not straight”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action), {{sup|1}} ¹ Head templates: {{en-noun|~}} winding (countable and uncountable, plural windings)
  1. gerund of wind
    The act of twisting something, or coiling or wrapping something around another thing.     Tags: countable, uncountable Translations (act of twisting something, or coiling or wrapping something around another thing): витка (vitka) [feminine] (Bulgarian), käämintä (english: electrical wire) (Finnish), kelaus (Finnish), kiertäminen (Finnish), Wicklung (German), мо́тање (mótanje) [neuter] (Macedonian), мо́тка (mótka) [feminine] (Russian), нама́тывание (namátyvanije) [neuter] (Russian), намо́тка (namótka) [feminine] (Russian), обмо́тка (obmótka) [feminine] (Russian)
    Sense id: en-winding-en-noun-Xg6Wk5kM Disambiguation of 'act of twisting something, or coiling or wrapping something around another thing': 55 2 2 3 3 2 1 0 8 8 8 8
  2. gerund of wind
    (especially in the plural) A curving, sinuous, or twisting movement; twists and turns.     Tags: countable, especially, in-plural, uncountable Translations (curving, sinuous, or twisting movement): kiemurtelu (Finnish), kaartelu (Finnish)
    Sense id: en-winding-en-noun-uBmcFUGp Disambiguation of 'curving, sinuous, or twisting movement': 3 58 19 2 2 3 2 2 3 3 2 3
  3. gerund of wind
    (especially in the plural) A curving, sinuous, or twisting form.     Tags: countable, especially, in-plural, uncountable Translations (curving, sinuous, or twisting form): kiemura (Finnish)
    Sense id: en-winding-en-noun-JEWzxBDM Disambiguation of 'curving, sinuous, or twisting form': 3 20 67 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 2
  4. gerund of wind
    Chiefly followed by up: the act of tightening the spring of a clockwork or other mechanism.     Tags: countable, uncountable Translations (act of tightening the spring of a clockwork or other mechanism): vetäminen (Finnish)
    Sense id: en-winding-en-noun-vrxrxltv Disambiguation of 'act of tightening the spring of a clockwork or other mechanism': 9 3 2 57 9 3 5 1 2 3 2 3
  5. gerund of wind
    Sometimes followed by up: the act of hoisting something using a winch or a similar device.     Tags: countable, uncountable
    Sense id: en-winding-en-noun-KXuJ5SRg Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with language name categories using raw markup, English heteronyms Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 7 7 8 1 3 3 1 1 3 6 0 2 0 7 7 7 4 1 6 5 0 3 9 9 Disambiguation of English entries with language name categories using raw markup: 6 6 7 1 3 4 2 1 3 6 0 3 0 6 8 6 4 1 6 6 0 4 8 8 Disambiguation of English heteronyms: 7 6 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 5 1 3 1 6 8 7 5 1 5 5 1 3 8 9
  6. gerund of wind
    (figurative, chiefly in the plural) Twists and turns in an occurrence, in thinking, or some other thing; also, moral crookedness; craftiness, shiftiness.     Tags: countable, figuratively, in-plural, uncountable Translations (twists and turns in an occurrence, in thinking, or some other thing): käänne (Finnish)
    Sense id: en-winding-en-noun-QoS1aPxy Disambiguation of 'twists and turns in an occurrence, in thinking, or some other thing': 1 16 1 4 4 59 2 2 3 3 3 3
  7. gerund of wind
    (British, nautical) The act or process of turning a boat or ship in a certain direction.     Tags: British, countable, uncountable Categories (topical): Nautical Translations (act or process of turning a boat or ship in a certain direction): kääntäminen tuuleen (Finnish)
    Sense id: en-winding-en-noun-bZmWtq0O Categories (other): British English Topics: nautical, transport Disambiguation of 'act or process of turning a boat or ship in a certain direction': 2 2 1 2 2 2 81 2 1 1 1 3
  8. gerund of wind
    (obsolete, music) A variation in a tune.     Tags: countable, obsolete, uncountable Categories (topical): Music
    Sense id: en-winding-en-noun-sP3ldzkl Topics: entertainment, lifestyle, music
  9. Something wound around another thing.
    (electrical engineering) A length of wire wound around the armature of an electric motor or the core of an electrical transformer.     Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (topical): Electrical engineering Translations (length of wire wound around the armature of an electric motor or the core of an electrical transformer): намотка (namotka) [feminine] (Bulgarian), käämi (Finnish), käämitys (Finnish), Wicklung (German), avvolgimento [masculine] (Italian), на́мотка (námotka) [feminine] (Macedonian), bobina [feminine] (Portuguese), enrolamento [masculine] (Portuguese), обмо́тка (obmótka) [feminine] (Russian)
    Sense id: en-winding-en-noun-en:wound_wire_in_an_electrical_device Topics: business, electrical, electrical-engineering, electricity, electromagnetism, energy, engineering, natural-sciences, physical-sciences, physics Disambiguation of 'length of wire wound around the armature of an electric motor or the core of an electrical transformer': 1 2 1 3 4 4 2 1 71 6 3 3
  10. Something wound around another thing.
    (lutherie) Synonym of lapping (“lengths of fine silk, metal wire, or whalebone wrapped tightly around the stick of the bow of a string instrument adjacent to the leather part of the bow grip at the heel”)     Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (topical): Lutherie Synonyms: lapping [synonym, synonym-of]
    Sense id: en-winding-en-noun-TJI-ENEh Topics: arts, crafts, hobbies, lifestyle, lutherie
  11. Something wound around another thing.
    (obsolete)
    A decorative object, design, or other thing with curves or twists.     Tags: countable, obsolete, uncountable
    Sense id: en-winding-en-noun-9F7clBXO
  12. Something wound around another thing.
    (obsolete)
    (except dialectal) Synonym of withe or withy (“a flexible, slender shoot or twig, especially when used as a band or for binding”); also, all the withies used to make or repair a wall, or the process of using withies in this manner.     Tags: countable, obsolete, uncountable Synonyms: withe [synonym, synonym-of], withy [synonym, synonym-of]
    Sense id: en-winding-en-noun-HCf5UsQ5
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: amortisseur winding, damper winding, winding cloth, winding engine, winding hole, winding number, winding sheet, winding tower, winding-up Translations (something wound around another thing): намотка (namotka) [feminine] (Bulgarian), käämi (Finnish), kela (Finnish), Wicklung (German), на́мотка (námotka) [feminine] (Macedonian), enrolado [masculine] (Portuguese), enrolada [feminine] (Portuguese), обмо́тка (obmótka) [feminine] (Russian)
Etymology number: 2 Disambiguation of 'something wound around another thing': 4 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 24 24 24 24

Verb

IPA: /ˈwɪndɪŋ/ [General-American, Received-Pronunciation] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-winding2.wav [Southern-England]
Rhymes: -ɪndɪŋ Etymology: The noun is derived from Middle English winding, windinge, wyndynge (“act of exposing something to the wind, airing, ventilating; act of winnowing (?)”), from winden, wynden (“to expose (something) to the air or wind, ventilate; to cause (someone) to be out of breath; to winnow (wheat); of an animal: to catch the scent of (someone or something)”) + -ing, -inge (suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs). The adjective is derived from the verb. The English word is analysable as wind (“to blow air through (a wind instrument or horn) to make a sound; to cause (someone) to become breathless; to winnow (food grain), etc.”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action). Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*h₂weh₁-}}, {{glossary|noun}} noun, {{inh|en|enm|winding}} Middle English winding, {{m|enm|windinge}} windinge, {{m|enm|wyndynge|t=act of exposing something to the wind, airing, ventilating; act of winnowing (?)}} wyndynge (“act of exposing something to the wind, airing, ventilating; act of winnowing (?)”), {{m|enm|winden}} winden, {{m|enm|wynden|t=to expose (something) to the air or wind, ventilate; to cause (someone) to be out of breath; to winnow (wheat); of an animal: to catch the scent of (someone or something)}} wynden (“to expose (something) to the air or wind, ventilate; to cause (someone) to be out of breath; to winnow (wheat); of an animal: to catch the scent of (someone or something)”), {{m|enm|-ing}} -ing, {{glossary|suffix}} suffix, {{glossary|gerund}} gerund, {{glossary|present}} present, {{glossary|participle}} participle, {{glossary|verb}} verb, {{m|enm|-inge|pos=suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs}} -inge (suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs), {{glossary|adjective}} adjective, {{sup|2}} ², {{glossary|participial}} participial, {{suffix|en|wind|ing|id2=participial|pos2=suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action|t1=to blow air through (a wind instrument or horn) to make a sound; to cause (someone) to become breathless; to winnow (food grain), etc.}} wind (“to blow air through (a wind instrument or horn) to make a sound; to cause (someone) to become breathless; to winnow (food grain), etc.”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action), {{sup|2}} ², {{sup|3}} ³ Head templates: {{head|en|verb form}} winding
  1. present participle and gerund of wind Tags: form-of, gerund, participle, present Form of: wind
    Sense id: en-winding-en-verb-CxCG7QZi Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with language name categories using raw markup, English heteronyms, English terms suffixed with -ing (gerund noun), English terms suffixed with -ing (participial) Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 7 7 8 1 3 3 1 1 3 6 0 2 0 7 7 7 4 1 6 5 0 3 9 9 Disambiguation of English entries with language name categories using raw markup: 6 6 7 1 3 4 2 1 3 6 0 3 0 6 8 6 4 1 6 6 0 4 8 8 Disambiguation of English heteronyms: 7 6 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 5 1 3 1 6 8 7 5 1 5 5 1 3 8 9 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -ing (gerund noun): 5 3 5 1 2 3 1 1 5 3 3 3 3 4 7 5 7 3 4 3 1 3 11 11 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -ing (participial): 22 14 10 14 40
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Verb

IPA: /ˈwaɪndɪŋ/ [General-American, Received-Pronunciation] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-winding1.wav [Southern-England]
Rhymes: -aɪndɪŋ Etymology: The noun is derived from Middle English winding, windinge, wyndynge (“directional change, curve, turn; bend of the leg at the knee; meandering course of a river; act of turning and twisting; twisting of things (especially thread) together; wrapping of a cloth around something; wattling of a structure; wattle(s); ornamentation with interwoven patterns; hoisting of something”) [and other forms], and then partly: * from winden, wynden (“to go, move; to move forcefully or suddenly; to direct, guide, lead; to go along a meandering or twisting course; to move in a circular pattern, revolve, turn; to move restlessly, toss and turn; to wriggle free; to move with a turning or twisting motion, bend, turn, twist; to form or mould (something) in one’s hands; to mix together; to cover; to clothe, dress; to wrap (a baby, a corpse, etc.); to encircle, surround; to bind; to interlace; to winch; (figurative) to conceal, disguise; to embroil, involve”) + -ing, -inge (suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs).; and * from Old English windung (“woven object”), from windan (“to twist, wind; to circle, curl, eddy, spiral”) (from Proto-Germanic *windaną (“to wind; to wrap”), from Proto-Indo-European *wendʰ- (“to turn; to wind”)) + -ung (suffix forming nouns denoting a verbal action or something involved in a verbal action). The adjective is derived from the verb. The English word is analysable as wind (“to turn coils of (a cord, etc.) around something; to encircle, enfold, entwist, wrap; to travel in a way that is not straight”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action). Etymology templates: {{langname|en}} English, {{senseno|en|twisting}} sense 2, {{root|en|ine-pro|*wendʰ-}}, {{glossary|noun}} noun, {{inh|en|enm|winding}} Middle English winding, {{m|enm|windinge}} windinge, {{m|enm|wyndynge|t=directional change, curve, turn; bend of the leg at the knee; meandering course of a river; act of turning and twisting; twisting of things (especially thread) together; wrapping of a cloth around something; wattling of a structure; wattle(s); ornamentation with interwoven patterns; hoisting of something}} wyndynge (“directional change, curve, turn; bend of the leg at the knee; meandering course of a river; act of turning and twisting; twisting of things (especially thread) together; wrapping of a cloth around something; wattling of a structure; wattle(s); ornamentation with interwoven patterns; hoisting of something”), {{nb...|vindand, windand, wingding|otherforms=1}} [and other forms], {{m|enm|winden}} winden, {{m|enm|wynden|t=to go, move; to move forcefully or suddenly; to direct, guide, lead; to go along a meandering or twisting course; to move in a circular pattern, revolve, turn; to move restlessly, toss and turn; to wriggle free; to move with a turning or twisting motion, bend, turn, twist; to form or mould (something) in one’s hands; to mix together; to cover; to clothe, dress; to wrap (a baby, a corpse, etc.); to encircle, surround; to bind; to interlace; to winch; (figurative) to conceal, disguise; to embroil, involve}} wynden (“to go, move; to move forcefully or suddenly; to direct, guide, lead; to go along a meandering or twisting course; to move in a circular pattern, revolve, turn; to move restlessly, toss and turn; to wriggle free; to move with a turning or twisting motion, bend, turn, twist; to form or mould (something) in one’s hands; to mix together; to cover; to clothe, dress; to wrap (a baby, a corpse, etc.); to encircle, surround; to bind; to interlace; to winch; (figurative) to conceal, disguise; to embroil, involve”), {{m|enm|-ing}} -ing, {{glossary|suffix}} suffix, {{glossary|gerund}} gerund, {{glossary|present}} present, {{glossary|participle}} participle, {{glossary|verb}} verb, {{m|enm|-inge|pos=suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs}} -inge (suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs), {{inh|en|ang|windung|t=woven object}} Old English windung (“woven object”), {{m|ang|windan|t=to twist, wind; to circle, curl, eddy, spiral}} windan (“to twist, wind; to circle, curl, eddy, spiral”), {{inh|en|gem-pro|*windaną|t=to wind; to wrap}} Proto-Germanic *windaną (“to wind; to wrap”), {{inh|en|ine-pro|*wendʰ-|t=to turn; to wind}} Proto-Indo-European *wendʰ- (“to turn; to wind”), {{m|ang|-ung|pos=suffix forming nouns denoting a verbal action or something involved in a verbal action}} -ung (suffix forming nouns denoting a verbal action or something involved in a verbal action), {{glossary|adjective}} adjective, {{sup|1}} ¹, {{glossary|participial}} participial, {{suffix|en|wind|ing|id2=gerund noun|pos2=suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action|t1=to turn coils of (a cord, etc.) around something; to encircle, enfold, entwist, wrap; to travel in a way that is not straight}} wind (“to turn coils of (a cord, etc.) around something; to encircle, enfold, entwist, wrap; to travel in a way that is not straight”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action), {{sup|1}} ¹ Head templates: {{head|en|verb form}} winding
  1. present participle and gerund of wind Tags: form-of, gerund, participle, present Form of: wind
    Sense id: en-winding-en-verb-CxCG7QZi1 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with language name categories using raw markup, English heteronyms, English terms suffixed with -ing (gerund noun) Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 7 7 8 1 3 3 1 1 3 6 0 2 0 7 7 7 4 1 6 5 0 3 9 9 Disambiguation of English entries with language name categories using raw markup: 6 6 7 1 3 4 2 1 3 6 0 3 0 6 8 6 4 1 6 6 0 4 8 8 Disambiguation of English heteronyms: 7 6 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 5 1 3 1 6 8 7 5 1 5 5 1 3 8 9 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -ing (gerund noun): 5 3 5 1 2 3 1 1 5 3 3 3 3 4 7 5 7 3 4 3 1 3 11 11
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for winding meaning in English (65.7kB)

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
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      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂weh₁-"
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    },
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      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "winding"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English winding",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "windinge"
      },
      "expansion": "windinge",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "wyndynge",
        "t": "act of exposing something to the wind, airing, ventilating; act of winnowing (?)"
      },
      "expansion": "wyndynge (“act of exposing something to the wind, airing, ventilating; act of winnowing (?)”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "winden"
      },
      "expansion": "winden",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "wynden",
        "t": "to expose (something) to the air or wind, ventilate; to cause (someone) to be out of breath; to winnow (wheat); of an animal: to catch the scent of (someone or something)"
      },
      "expansion": "wynden (“to expose (something) to the air or wind, ventilate; to cause (someone) to be out of breath; to winnow (wheat); of an animal: to catch the scent of (someone or something)”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-ing"
      },
      "expansion": "-ing",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
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      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "glossary"
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    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gerund"
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      "expansion": "gerund",
      "name": "glossary"
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      "args": {
        "1": "present"
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      "expansion": "present",
      "name": "glossary"
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      "expansion": "participle",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "verb",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-inge",
        "pos": "suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs"
      },
      "expansion": "-inge (suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "adjective",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "²",
      "name": "sup"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "participial"
      },
      "expansion": "participial",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "wind",
        "3": "ing",
        "id2": "participial",
        "pos2": "suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action",
        "t1": "to blow air through (a wind instrument or horn) to make a sound; to cause (someone) to become breathless; to winnow (food grain), etc."
      },
      "expansion": "wind (“to blow air through (a wind instrument or horn) to make a sound; to cause (someone) to become breathless; to winnow (food grain), etc.”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action)",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "²",
      "name": "sup"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "3"
      },
      "expansion": "³",
      "name": "sup"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Middle English winding, windinge, wyndynge (“act of exposing something to the wind, airing, ventilating; act of winnowing (?)”), from winden, wynden (“to expose (something) to the air or wind, ventilate; to cause (someone) to be out of breath; to winnow (wheat); of an animal: to catch the scent of (someone or something)”) + -ing, -inge (suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs).\nThe adjective is derived from the verb.\nThe English word is analysable as wind (“to blow air through (a wind instrument or horn) to make a sound; to cause (someone) to become breathless; to winnow (food grain), etc.”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "windings",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "winding (countable and uncountable, plural windings)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "wind‧ing"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Agriculture",
          "orig": "en:Agriculture",
          "parents": [
            "Applied sciences",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gerund of wind",
        "The act of winnowing (“subjecting food grain to a current of air to separate the grain from the chaff”)."
      ],
      "id": "en-winding-en-noun-nlq3Yq9z",
      "links": [
        [
          "wind",
          "wind#English"
        ],
        [
          "agriculture",
          "agriculture"
        ],
        [
          "act",
          "act#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "winnowing",
          "winnow#English"
        ],
        [
          "subjecting",
          "subject#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "food",
          "food"
        ],
        [
          "grain",
          "grain#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "current",
          "current#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "air",
          "air#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "separate",
          "separate#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "chaff",
          "chaff#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "gerund of wind",
        "(agriculture, chiefly attributive) The act of winnowing (“subjecting food grain to a current of air to separate the grain from the chaff”)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "agriculture",
        "business",
        "lifestyle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Music",
          "orig": "en:Music",
          "parents": [
            "Art",
            "Sound",
            "Culture",
            "Energy",
            "Society",
            "Nature",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gerund of wind",
        "The act of blowing air through a wind instrument or (chiefly) a horn to make a sound."
      ],
      "id": "en-winding-en-noun-go7pykux",
      "links": [
        [
          "wind",
          "wind#English"
        ],
        [
          "music",
          "music"
        ],
        [
          "blowing",
          "blow#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "air",
          "air#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "wind instrument",
          "wind instrument"
        ],
        [
          "horn",
          "horn#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "make",
          "make#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "sound",
          "sound#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "gerund of wind",
        "(music) The act of blowing air through a wind instrument or (chiefly) a horn to make a sound."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "entertainment",
        "lifestyle",
        "music"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "11 89",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "act of blowing air through a wind instrument or a horn to make a sound",
          "word": "puhallus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 89",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "dúvanje",
          "sense": "act of blowing air through a wind instrument or a horn to make a sound",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "ду́вање"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈwɪndɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American",
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɪndɪŋ"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-winding2.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding2.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding2.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "winding"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
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        "3": "*h₂weh₁-"
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      "args": {
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    },
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      "args": {
        "1": "en",
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        "3": "winding"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English winding",
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    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "windinge"
      },
      "expansion": "windinge",
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    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "wyndynge",
        "t": "act of exposing something to the wind, airing, ventilating; act of winnowing (?)"
      },
      "expansion": "wyndynge (“act of exposing something to the wind, airing, ventilating; act of winnowing (?)”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "winden"
      },
      "expansion": "winden",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "wynden",
        "t": "to expose (something) to the air or wind, ventilate; to cause (someone) to be out of breath; to winnow (wheat); of an animal: to catch the scent of (someone or something)"
      },
      "expansion": "wynden (“to expose (something) to the air or wind, ventilate; to cause (someone) to be out of breath; to winnow (wheat); of an animal: to catch the scent of (someone or something)”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-ing"
      },
      "expansion": "-ing",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gerund"
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      "expansion": "gerund",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "present"
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      "expansion": "present",
      "name": "glossary"
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      "expansion": "participle",
      "name": "glossary"
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      "args": {
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      "expansion": "verb",
      "name": "glossary"
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    {
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      },
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      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "adjective"
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      "expansion": "adjective",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "²",
      "name": "sup"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "participial"
      },
      "expansion": "participial",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "wind",
        "3": "ing",
        "id2": "participial",
        "pos2": "suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action",
        "t1": "to blow air through (a wind instrument or horn) to make a sound; to cause (someone) to become breathless; to winnow (food grain), etc."
      },
      "expansion": "wind (“to blow air through (a wind instrument or horn) to make a sound; to cause (someone) to become breathless; to winnow (food grain), etc.”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action)",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "²",
      "name": "sup"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "3"
      },
      "expansion": "³",
      "name": "sup"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Middle English winding, windinge, wyndynge (“act of exposing something to the wind, airing, ventilating; act of winnowing (?)”), from winden, wynden (“to expose (something) to the air or wind, ventilate; to cause (someone) to be out of breath; to winnow (wheat); of an animal: to catch the scent of (someone or something)”) + -ing, -inge (suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs).\nThe adjective is derived from the verb.\nThe English word is analysable as wind (“to blow air through (a wind instrument or horn) to make a sound; to cause (someone) to become breathless; to winnow (food grain), etc.”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "more winding",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most winding",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-",
        "2": "more"
      },
      "expansion": "winding (not generally comparable, comparative more winding, superlative most winding)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "wind‧ing"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Causing one to be breathless or out of breath."
      ],
      "id": "en-winding-en-adj-KNdeVNQ0",
      "links": [
        [
          "Causing",
          "cause#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "breathless",
          "breathless"
        ],
        [
          "out of breath",
          "out of breath"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(comparable) Causing one to be breathless or out of breath."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "comparable",
        "not-comparable",
        "usually"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "95 5",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "causing one to be breathless or out of breath",
          "word": "hengästyttävä"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Music",
          "orig": "en:Music",
          "parents": [
            "Art",
            "Sound",
            "Culture",
            "Energy",
            "Society",
            "Nature",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Of a horn or wind instrument: blown to make a sound."
      ],
      "id": "en-winding-en-adj-kBsZLapt",
      "links": [
        [
          "music",
          "music"
        ],
        [
          "horn",
          "horn#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "wind instrument",
          "wind instrument"
        ],
        [
          "blown",
          "blow#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "make",
          "make#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "sound",
          "sound#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(not comparable, music) Of a horn or wind instrument: blown to make a sound."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "not-comparable",
        "usually"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "entertainment",
        "lifestyle",
        "music"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "6 94",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "of a horn or wind instrument: blown to make a sound",
          "word": "puhallettava"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈwɪndɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American",
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɪndɪŋ"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-winding2.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding2.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding2.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "winding"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂weh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "noun",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "winding"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English winding",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "windinge"
      },
      "expansion": "windinge",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "wyndynge",
        "t": "act of exposing something to the wind, airing, ventilating; act of winnowing (?)"
      },
      "expansion": "wyndynge (“act of exposing something to the wind, airing, ventilating; act of winnowing (?)”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "winden"
      },
      "expansion": "winden",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "wynden",
        "t": "to expose (something) to the air or wind, ventilate; to cause (someone) to be out of breath; to winnow (wheat); of an animal: to catch the scent of (someone or something)"
      },
      "expansion": "wynden (“to expose (something) to the air or wind, ventilate; to cause (someone) to be out of breath; to winnow (wheat); of an animal: to catch the scent of (someone or something)”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-ing"
      },
      "expansion": "-ing",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gerund"
      },
      "expansion": "gerund",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "present"
      },
      "expansion": "present",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "participle"
      },
      "expansion": "participle",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "verb",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-inge",
        "pos": "suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs"
      },
      "expansion": "-inge (suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "adjective",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "²",
      "name": "sup"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "participial"
      },
      "expansion": "participial",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "wind",
        "3": "ing",
        "id2": "participial",
        "pos2": "suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action",
        "t1": "to blow air through (a wind instrument or horn) to make a sound; to cause (someone) to become breathless; to winnow (food grain), etc."
      },
      "expansion": "wind (“to blow air through (a wind instrument or horn) to make a sound; to cause (someone) to become breathless; to winnow (food grain), etc.”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action)",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "²",
      "name": "sup"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "3"
      },
      "expansion": "³",
      "name": "sup"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Middle English winding, windinge, wyndynge (“act of exposing something to the wind, airing, ventilating; act of winnowing (?)”), from winden, wynden (“to expose (something) to the air or wind, ventilate; to cause (someone) to be out of breath; to winnow (wheat); of an animal: to catch the scent of (someone or something)”) + -ing, -inge (suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs).\nThe adjective is derived from the verb.\nThe English word is analysable as wind (“to blow air through (a wind instrument or horn) to make a sound; to cause (someone) to become breathless; to winnow (food grain), etc.”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "winding",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "wind‧ing"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "7 7 8 1 3 3 1 1 3 6 0 2 0 7 7 7 4 1 6 5 0 3 9 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 6 7 1 3 4 2 1 3 6 0 3 0 6 8 6 4 1 6 6 0 4 8 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 6 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 5 1 3 1 6 8 7 5 1 5 5 1 3 8 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English heteronyms",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 3 5 1 2 3 1 1 5 3 3 3 3 4 7 5 7 3 4 3 1 3 11 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -ing (gerund noun)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 14 10 14 40",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -ing (participial)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "wind"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "present participle and gerund of wind"
      ],
      "id": "en-winding-en-verb-CxCG7QZi",
      "links": [
        [
          "wind",
          "wind#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈwɪndɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American",
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɪndɪŋ"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-winding2.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding2.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding2.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "winding"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "amortisseur winding"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "damper winding"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "winding cloth"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "winding engine"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "winding hole"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "winding number"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "winding sheet"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "winding tower"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "winding-up"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en"
      },
      "expansion": "English",
      "name": "langname"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "twisting"
      },
      "expansion": "sense 2",
      "name": "senseno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*wendʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "noun",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "winding"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English winding",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "windinge"
      },
      "expansion": "windinge",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "wyndynge",
        "t": "directional change, curve, turn; bend of the leg at the knee; meandering course of a river; act of turning and twisting; twisting of things (especially thread) together; wrapping of a cloth around something; wattling of a structure; wattle(s); ornamentation with interwoven patterns; hoisting of something"
      },
      "expansion": "wyndynge (“directional change, curve, turn; bend of the leg at the knee; meandering course of a river; act of turning and twisting; twisting of things (especially thread) together; wrapping of a cloth around something; wattling of a structure; wattle(s); ornamentation with interwoven patterns; hoisting of something”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vindand, windand, wingding",
        "otherforms": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "[and other forms]",
      "name": "nb..."
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "winden"
      },
      "expansion": "winden",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "wynden",
        "t": "to go, move; to move forcefully or suddenly; to direct, guide, lead; to go along a meandering or twisting course; to move in a circular pattern, revolve, turn; to move restlessly, toss and turn; to wriggle free; to move with a turning or twisting motion, bend, turn, twist; to form or mould (something) in one’s hands; to mix together; to cover; to clothe, dress; to wrap (a baby, a corpse, etc.); to encircle, surround; to bind; to interlace; to winch; (figurative) to conceal, disguise; to embroil, involve"
      },
      "expansion": "wynden (“to go, move; to move forcefully or suddenly; to direct, guide, lead; to go along a meandering or twisting course; to move in a circular pattern, revolve, turn; to move restlessly, toss and turn; to wriggle free; to move with a turning or twisting motion, bend, turn, twist; to form or mould (something) in one’s hands; to mix together; to cover; to clothe, dress; to wrap (a baby, a corpse, etc.); to encircle, surround; to bind; to interlace; to winch; (figurative) to conceal, disguise; to embroil, involve”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-ing"
      },
      "expansion": "-ing",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gerund"
      },
      "expansion": "gerund",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "present"
      },
      "expansion": "present",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "participle"
      },
      "expansion": "participle",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "verb",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-inge",
        "pos": "suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs"
      },
      "expansion": "-inge (suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "windung",
        "t": "woven object"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English windung (“woven object”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "windan",
        "t": "to twist, wind; to circle, curl, eddy, spiral"
      },
      "expansion": "windan (“to twist, wind; to circle, curl, eddy, spiral”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*windaną",
        "t": "to wind; to wrap"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *windaną (“to wind; to wrap”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*wendʰ-",
        "t": "to turn; to wind"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wendʰ- (“to turn; to wind”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "-ung",
        "pos": "suffix forming nouns denoting a verbal action or something involved in a verbal action"
      },
      "expansion": "-ung (suffix forming nouns denoting a verbal action or something involved in a verbal action)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "adjective",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "¹",
      "name": "sup"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "participial"
      },
      "expansion": "participial",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "wind",
        "3": "ing",
        "id2": "gerund noun",
        "pos2": "suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action",
        "t1": "to turn coils of (a cord, etc.) around something; to encircle, enfold, entwist, wrap; to travel in a way that is not straight"
      },
      "expansion": "wind (“to turn coils of (a cord, etc.) around something; to encircle, enfold, entwist, wrap; to travel in a way that is not straight”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action)",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "¹",
      "name": "sup"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Middle English winding, windinge, wyndynge (“directional change, curve, turn; bend of the leg at the knee; meandering course of a river; act of turning and twisting; twisting of things (especially thread) together; wrapping of a cloth around something; wattling of a structure; wattle(s); ornamentation with interwoven patterns; hoisting of something”) [and other forms], and then partly:\n* from winden, wynden (“to go, move; to move forcefully or suddenly; to direct, guide, lead; to go along a meandering or twisting course; to move in a circular pattern, revolve, turn; to move restlessly, toss and turn; to wriggle free; to move with a turning or twisting motion, bend, turn, twist; to form or mould (something) in one’s hands; to mix together; to cover; to clothe, dress; to wrap (a baby, a corpse, etc.); to encircle, surround; to bind; to interlace; to winch; (figurative) to conceal, disguise; to embroil, involve”) + -ing, -inge (suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs).; and\n* from Old English windung (“woven object”), from windan (“to twist, wind; to circle, curl, eddy, spiral”) (from Proto-Germanic *windaną (“to wind; to wrap”), from Proto-Indo-European *wendʰ- (“to turn; to wind”)) + -ung (suffix forming nouns denoting a verbal action or something involved in a verbal action).\nThe adjective is derived from the verb.\nThe English word is analysable as wind (“to turn coils of (a cord, etc.) around something; to encircle, enfold, entwist, wrap; to travel in a way that is not straight”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "windings",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "winding (countable and uncountable, plural windings)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "wind‧ing"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "gerund of wind",
        "The act of twisting something, or coiling or wrapping something around another thing."
      ],
      "id": "en-winding-en-noun-Xg6Wk5kM",
      "links": [
        [
          "wind",
          "wind#English"
        ],
        [
          "act",
          "act#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "twisting",
          "twist#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "coiling",
          "coil#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "wrapping",
          "wrap#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "thing",
          "thing"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "55 2 2 3 3 2 1 0 8 8 8 8",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "vitka",
          "sense": "act of twisting something, or coiling or wrapping something around another thing",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "витка"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 2 2 3 3 2 1 0 8 8 8 8",
          "code": "fi",
          "english": "electrical wire",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "act of twisting something, or coiling or wrapping something around another thing",
          "word": "käämintä"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 2 2 3 3 2 1 0 8 8 8 8",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "act of twisting something, or coiling or wrapping something around another thing",
          "word": "kelaus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 2 2 3 3 2 1 0 8 8 8 8",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "act of twisting something, or coiling or wrapping something around another thing",
          "word": "kiertäminen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 2 2 3 3 2 1 0 8 8 8 8",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "act of twisting something, or coiling or wrapping something around another thing",
          "word": "Wicklung"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 2 2 3 3 2 1 0 8 8 8 8",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "mótanje",
          "sense": "act of twisting something, or coiling or wrapping something around another thing",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "мо́тање"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 2 2 3 3 2 1 0 8 8 8 8",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "mótka",
          "sense": "act of twisting something, or coiling or wrapping something around another thing",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "мо́тка"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 2 2 3 3 2 1 0 8 8 8 8",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "namátyvanije",
          "sense": "act of twisting something, or coiling or wrapping something around another thing",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "нама́тывание"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 2 2 3 3 2 1 0 8 8 8 8",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "namótka",
          "sense": "act of twisting something, or coiling or wrapping something around another thing",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "намо́тка"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 2 2 3 3 2 1 0 8 8 8 8",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "obmótka",
          "sense": "act of twisting something, or coiling or wrapping something around another thing",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "обмо́тка"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "gerund of wind",
        "A curving, sinuous, or twisting movement; twists and turns."
      ],
      "id": "en-winding-en-noun-uBmcFUGp",
      "links": [
        [
          "wind",
          "wind#English"
        ],
        [
          "curving",
          "curving#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "sinuous",
          "sinuous"
        ],
        [
          "twisting",
          "twisting#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "movement",
          "movement"
        ],
        [
          "twists and turns",
          "twists and turns"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "gerund of wind",
        "(especially in the plural) A curving, sinuous, or twisting movement; twists and turns."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "especially",
        "in-plural",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "3 58 19 2 2 3 2 2 3 3 2 3",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "curving, sinuous, or twisting movement",
          "word": "kiemurtelu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 58 19 2 2 3 2 2 3 3 2 3",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "curving, sinuous, or twisting movement",
          "word": "kaartelu"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1966, Cynthia Ozick, chapter 7, in Trust […], New York, N.Y.: The New American Library, part 1 (America), page 44",
          "text": "[M]y mother’s pale arms emerged from the windings of her sheets and flailed in the air; her mouth chattered like a motor.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gerund of wind",
        "A curving, sinuous, or twisting form."
      ],
      "id": "en-winding-en-noun-JEWzxBDM",
      "links": [
        [
          "wind",
          "wind#English"
        ],
        [
          "form",
          "form#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "gerund of wind",
        "(especially in the plural) A curving, sinuous, or twisting form."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "especially",
        "in-plural",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "3 20 67 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "curving, sinuous, or twisting form",
          "word": "kiemura"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "gerund of wind",
        "Chiefly followed by up: the act of tightening the spring of a clockwork or other mechanism."
      ],
      "id": "en-winding-en-noun-vrxrxltv",
      "links": [
        [
          "wind",
          "wind#English"
        ],
        [
          "up",
          "up#Preposition"
        ],
        [
          "tighten",
          "tighten"
        ],
        [
          "spring",
          "spring#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "clockwork",
          "clockwork#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "mechanism",
          "mechanism"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "9 3 2 57 9 3 5 1 2 3 2 3",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "act of tightening the spring of a clockwork or other mechanism",
          "word": "vetäminen"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "7 7 8 1 3 3 1 1 3 6 0 2 0 7 7 7 4 1 6 5 0 3 9 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 6 7 1 3 4 2 1 3 6 0 3 0 6 8 6 4 1 6 6 0 4 8 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 6 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 5 1 3 1 6 8 7 5 1 5 5 1 3 8 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English heteronyms",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gerund of wind",
        "Sometimes followed by up: the act of hoisting something using a winch or a similar device."
      ],
      "id": "en-winding-en-noun-KXuJ5SRg",
      "links": [
        [
          "wind",
          "wind#English"
        ],
        [
          "hoisting",
          "hoist#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "using",
          "use#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "winch",
          "winch#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "similar",
          "similar#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "device",
          "device"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "gerund of wind",
        "Twists and turns in an occurrence, in thinking, or some other thing; also, moral crookedness; craftiness, shiftiness."
      ],
      "id": "en-winding-en-noun-QoS1aPxy",
      "links": [
        [
          "wind",
          "wind#English"
        ],
        [
          "occurrence",
          "occurrence"
        ],
        [
          "thinking",
          "thinking#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "moral",
          "moral#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "crookedness",
          "crookedness"
        ],
        [
          "craftiness",
          "craftiness"
        ],
        [
          "shiftiness",
          "shiftiness"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "gerund of wind",
        "(figurative, chiefly in the plural) Twists and turns in an occurrence, in thinking, or some other thing; also, moral crookedness; craftiness, shiftiness."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "figuratively",
        "in-plural",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "1 16 1 4 4 59 2 2 3 3 3 3",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "twists and turns in an occurrence, in thinking, or some other thing",
          "word": "käänne"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "British English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Nautical",
          "orig": "en:Nautical",
          "parents": [
            "Transport",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gerund of wind",
        "The act or process of turning a boat or ship in a certain direction."
      ],
      "id": "en-winding-en-noun-bZmWtq0O",
      "links": [
        [
          "wind",
          "wind#English"
        ],
        [
          "nautical",
          "nautical"
        ],
        [
          "process",
          "process#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "turning",
          "turn#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "boat",
          "boat#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "ship",
          "ship#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "direction",
          "direction"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "gerund of wind",
        "(British, nautical) The act or process of turning a boat or ship in a certain direction."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "British",
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "nautical",
        "transport"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 1 2 2 2 81 2 1 1 1 3",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "act or process of turning a boat or ship in a certain direction",
          "word": "kääntäminen tuuleen"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Music",
          "orig": "en:Music",
          "parents": [
            "Art",
            "Sound",
            "Culture",
            "Energy",
            "Society",
            "Nature",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gerund of wind",
        "A variation in a tune."
      ],
      "id": "en-winding-en-noun-sP3ldzkl",
      "links": [
        [
          "wind",
          "wind#English"
        ],
        [
          "music",
          "music"
        ],
        [
          "variation",
          "variation"
        ],
        [
          "tune",
          "tune#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "gerund of wind",
        "(obsolete, music) A variation in a tune."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "obsolete",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "entertainment",
        "lifestyle",
        "music"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Electrical engineering",
          "orig": "en:Electrical engineering",
          "parents": [
            "Electricity",
            "Engineering",
            "Electromagnetism",
            "Applied sciences",
            "Technology",
            "Physics",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Something wound around another thing.",
        "A length of wire wound around the armature of an electric motor or the core of an electrical transformer."
      ],
      "id": "en-winding-en-noun-en:wound_wire_in_an_electrical_device",
      "links": [
        [
          "thing",
          "thing"
        ],
        [
          "electrical engineering",
          "electrical engineering"
        ],
        [
          "length",
          "length#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "wire",
          "wire#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "armature",
          "armature#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "electric motor",
          "electric motor"
        ],
        [
          "core",
          "core#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "electrical",
          "electrical#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "transformer",
          "transformer"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "Something wound around another thing.",
        "(electrical engineering) A length of wire wound around the armature of an electric motor or the core of an electrical transformer."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:wound wire in an electrical device"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "business",
        "electrical",
        "electrical-engineering",
        "electricity",
        "electromagnetism",
        "energy",
        "engineering",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "physics"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "1 2 1 3 4 4 2 1 71 6 3 3",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "namotka",
          "sense": "length of wire wound around the armature of an electric motor or the core of an electrical transformer",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "намотка"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 2 1 3 4 4 2 1 71 6 3 3",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "length of wire wound around the armature of an electric motor or the core of an electrical transformer",
          "word": "käämi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 2 1 3 4 4 2 1 71 6 3 3",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "length of wire wound around the armature of an electric motor or the core of an electrical transformer",
          "word": "käämitys"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 2 1 3 4 4 2 1 71 6 3 3",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "length of wire wound around the armature of an electric motor or the core of an electrical transformer",
          "word": "Wicklung"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 2 1 3 4 4 2 1 71 6 3 3",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "length of wire wound around the armature of an electric motor or the core of an electrical transformer",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "avvolgimento"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 2 1 3 4 4 2 1 71 6 3 3",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "námotka",
          "sense": "length of wire wound around the armature of an electric motor or the core of an electrical transformer",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "на́мотка"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 2 1 3 4 4 2 1 71 6 3 3",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "length of wire wound around the armature of an electric motor or the core of an electrical transformer",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "bobina"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 2 1 3 4 4 2 1 71 6 3 3",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "length of wire wound around the armature of an electric motor or the core of an electrical transformer",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "enrolamento"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 2 1 3 4 4 2 1 71 6 3 3",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "obmótka",
          "sense": "length of wire wound around the armature of an electric motor or the core of an electrical transformer",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "обмо́тка"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Lutherie",
          "orig": "en:Lutherie",
          "parents": [
            "Crafts",
            "Music",
            "Society",
            "Art",
            "Sound",
            "All topics",
            "Culture",
            "Energy",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Something wound around another thing.",
        "Synonym of lapping (“lengths of fine silk, metal wire, or whalebone wrapped tightly around the stick of the bow of a string instrument adjacent to the leather part of the bow grip at the heel”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-winding-en-noun-TJI-ENEh",
      "links": [
        [
          "thing",
          "thing"
        ],
        [
          "lutherie",
          "lutherie"
        ],
        [
          "lapping",
          "lapping#English"
        ],
        [
          "fine",
          "fine#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "silk",
          "silk#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "metal",
          "metal#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "whalebone",
          "whalebone"
        ],
        [
          "wrapped",
          "wrap#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "tightly",
          "tightly"
        ],
        [
          "stick",
          "stick#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "bow",
          "bow#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "string instrument",
          "string instrument"
        ],
        [
          "adjacent",
          "adjacent#Preposition"
        ],
        [
          "leather",
          "leather#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "part",
          "part#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "bow grip",
          "bow grip"
        ],
        [
          "heel",
          "heel#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "Something wound around another thing.",
        "(lutherie) Synonym of lapping (“lengths of fine silk, metal wire, or whalebone wrapped tightly around the stick of the bow of a string instrument adjacent to the leather part of the bow grip at the heel”)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "extra": "lengths of fine silk, metal wire, or whalebone wrapped tightly around the stick of the bow of a string instrument adjacent to the leather part of the bow grip at the heel",
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "lapping"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "arts",
        "crafts",
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "lutherie"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "Something wound around another thing.",
        "A decorative object, design, or other thing with curves or twists."
      ],
      "id": "en-winding-en-noun-9F7clBXO",
      "links": [
        [
          "thing",
          "thing"
        ],
        [
          "decorative",
          "decorative#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "object",
          "object#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "design",
          "design#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "curves",
          "curve#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "twists",
          "twist#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "Something wound around another thing.",
        "(obsolete)",
        "A decorative object, design, or other thing with curves or twists."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "obsolete",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "Something wound around another thing.",
        "Synonym of withe or withy (“a flexible, slender shoot or twig, especially when used as a band or for binding”); also, all the withies used to make or repair a wall, or the process of using withies in this manner."
      ],
      "id": "en-winding-en-noun-HCf5UsQ5",
      "links": [
        [
          "thing",
          "thing"
        ],
        [
          "withe",
          "withe#English"
        ],
        [
          "withy",
          "withy#English"
        ],
        [
          "flexible",
          "flexible#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "slender",
          "slender"
        ],
        [
          "shoot",
          "shoot#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "twig",
          "twig#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "band",
          "band#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "binding",
          "binding#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "make",
          "make#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "repair",
          "repair#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "wall",
          "wall#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "manner",
          "manner#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "except dialectal",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "Something wound around another thing.",
        "(obsolete)",
        "(except dialectal) Synonym of withe or withy (“a flexible, slender shoot or twig, especially when used as a band or for binding”); also, all the withies used to make or repair a wall, or the process of using withies in this manner."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "extra": "(“a flexible, slender shoot or twig, especially when used as a band or for binding”); also, all the withies used to make or repair a wall, or the process of using withies in this manner",
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "withe"
        },
        {
          "extra": "(“a flexible, slender shoot or twig, especially when used as a band or for binding”); also, all the withies used to make or repair a wall, or the process of using withies in this manner",
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "withy"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "obsolete",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈwaɪndɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American",
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪndɪŋ"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-winding1.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/96/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding1.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding1.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/96/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding1.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding1.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "_dis1": "4 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 24 24 24 24",
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "namotka",
      "sense": "something wound around another thing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "намотка"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "4 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 24 24 24 24",
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "something wound around another thing",
      "word": "käämi"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "4 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 24 24 24 24",
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "something wound around another thing",
      "word": "kela"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "4 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 24 24 24 24",
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "something wound around another thing",
      "word": "Wicklung"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "4 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 24 24 24 24",
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "námotka",
      "sense": "something wound around another thing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "на́мотка"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "4 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 24 24 24 24",
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "something wound around another thing",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "enrolado"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "4 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 24 24 24 24",
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "something wound around another thing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "enrolada"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "4 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 24 24 24 24",
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "obmótka",
      "sense": "something wound around another thing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "обмо́тка"
    }
  ],
  "word": "winding"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "windingly"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "windingness"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en"
      },
      "expansion": "English",
      "name": "langname"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "twisting"
      },
      "expansion": "sense 2",
      "name": "senseno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*wendʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "noun",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "winding"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English winding",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "windinge"
      },
      "expansion": "windinge",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "wyndynge",
        "t": "directional change, curve, turn; bend of the leg at the knee; meandering course of a river; act of turning and twisting; twisting of things (especially thread) together; wrapping of a cloth around something; wattling of a structure; wattle(s); ornamentation with interwoven patterns; hoisting of something"
      },
      "expansion": "wyndynge (“directional change, curve, turn; bend of the leg at the knee; meandering course of a river; act of turning and twisting; twisting of things (especially thread) together; wrapping of a cloth around something; wattling of a structure; wattle(s); ornamentation with interwoven patterns; hoisting of something”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vindand, windand, wingding",
        "otherforms": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "[and other forms]",
      "name": "nb..."
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "winden"
      },
      "expansion": "winden",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "wynden",
        "t": "to go, move; to move forcefully or suddenly; to direct, guide, lead; to go along a meandering or twisting course; to move in a circular pattern, revolve, turn; to move restlessly, toss and turn; to wriggle free; to move with a turning or twisting motion, bend, turn, twist; to form or mould (something) in one’s hands; to mix together; to cover; to clothe, dress; to wrap (a baby, a corpse, etc.); to encircle, surround; to bind; to interlace; to winch; (figurative) to conceal, disguise; to embroil, involve"
      },
      "expansion": "wynden (“to go, move; to move forcefully or suddenly; to direct, guide, lead; to go along a meandering or twisting course; to move in a circular pattern, revolve, turn; to move restlessly, toss and turn; to wriggle free; to move with a turning or twisting motion, bend, turn, twist; to form or mould (something) in one’s hands; to mix together; to cover; to clothe, dress; to wrap (a baby, a corpse, etc.); to encircle, surround; to bind; to interlace; to winch; (figurative) to conceal, disguise; to embroil, involve”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-ing"
      },
      "expansion": "-ing",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gerund"
      },
      "expansion": "gerund",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "present"
      },
      "expansion": "present",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "participle"
      },
      "expansion": "participle",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "verb",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-inge",
        "pos": "suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs"
      },
      "expansion": "-inge (suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "windung",
        "t": "woven object"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English windung (“woven object”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "windan",
        "t": "to twist, wind; to circle, curl, eddy, spiral"
      },
      "expansion": "windan (“to twist, wind; to circle, curl, eddy, spiral”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*windaną",
        "t": "to wind; to wrap"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *windaną (“to wind; to wrap”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*wendʰ-",
        "t": "to turn; to wind"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wendʰ- (“to turn; to wind”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "-ung",
        "pos": "suffix forming nouns denoting a verbal action or something involved in a verbal action"
      },
      "expansion": "-ung (suffix forming nouns denoting a verbal action or something involved in a verbal action)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "adjective",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "¹",
      "name": "sup"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "participial"
      },
      "expansion": "participial",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "wind",
        "3": "ing",
        "id2": "gerund noun",
        "pos2": "suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action",
        "t1": "to turn coils of (a cord, etc.) around something; to encircle, enfold, entwist, wrap; to travel in a way that is not straight"
      },
      "expansion": "wind (“to turn coils of (a cord, etc.) around something; to encircle, enfold, entwist, wrap; to travel in a way that is not straight”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action)",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "¹",
      "name": "sup"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Middle English winding, windinge, wyndynge (“directional change, curve, turn; bend of the leg at the knee; meandering course of a river; act of turning and twisting; twisting of things (especially thread) together; wrapping of a cloth around something; wattling of a structure; wattle(s); ornamentation with interwoven patterns; hoisting of something”) [and other forms], and then partly:\n* from winden, wynden (“to go, move; to move forcefully or suddenly; to direct, guide, lead; to go along a meandering or twisting course; to move in a circular pattern, revolve, turn; to move restlessly, toss and turn; to wriggle free; to move with a turning or twisting motion, bend, turn, twist; to form or mould (something) in one’s hands; to mix together; to cover; to clothe, dress; to wrap (a baby, a corpse, etc.); to encircle, surround; to bind; to interlace; to winch; (figurative) to conceal, disguise; to embroil, involve”) + -ing, -inge (suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs).; and\n* from Old English windung (“woven object”), from windan (“to twist, wind; to circle, curl, eddy, spiral”) (from Proto-Germanic *windaną (“to wind; to wrap”), from Proto-Indo-European *wendʰ- (“to turn; to wind”)) + -ung (suffix forming nouns denoting a verbal action or something involved in a verbal action).\nThe adjective is derived from the verb.\nThe English word is analysable as wind (“to turn coils of (a cord, etc.) around something; to encircle, enfold, entwist, wrap; to travel in a way that is not straight”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "more winding",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most winding",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "winding (comparative more winding, superlative most winding)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "wind‧ing"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "7 7 8 1 3 3 1 1 3 6 0 2 0 7 7 7 4 1 6 5 0 3 9 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 6 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 5 1 3 1 6 8 7 5 1 5 5 1 3 8 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English heteronyms",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Moving in a sinuous or twisting manner."
      ],
      "id": "en-winding-en-adj-h8oERdZ2",
      "links": [
        [
          "Moving",
          "move#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "sinuous",
          "sinuous"
        ],
        [
          "twisting",
          "twisting#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "manner",
          "manner#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "72 11 11 3 1 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "moving in a sinuous or twisting manner",
          "word": "kiemurteleva"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1950 December, R. C. J. Day, R. K. Kirkland, “The Kelvedon & Tollesbury Light Railway”, in The Railway Magazine, London: Tothill Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 838",
          "text": "Nearer the coast, the land becomes markedly more marshy, with long, winding channels striking inland from the sea, making access to some of the waterside villages rather difficult.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Sinuous, turning, or twisting in form."
      ],
      "id": "en-winding-en-adj-en:twisting",
      "links": [
        [
          "turning",
          "turn#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "form",
          "form#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:twisting"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "Sinuous, turning, or twisting in form.",
        "Chiefly of a staircase: helical, spiral."
      ],
      "id": "en-winding-en-adj-en:twisting1",
      "links": [
        [
          "turning",
          "turn#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "form",
          "form#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "staircase",
          "staircase#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "helical",
          "helical"
        ],
        [
          "spiral",
          "spiral#Adjective"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:twisting"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Of speech, writing, etc.: not direct or to the point; rambling, roundabout."
      ],
      "id": "en-winding-en-adj-8~qf9MF1",
      "links": [
        [
          "speech",
          "speech#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "writing",
          "writing#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "direct",
          "direct#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "to the point",
          "to the point"
        ],
        [
          "rambling",
          "rambling#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "roundabout",
          "roundabout#Adjective"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative) Of speech, writing, etc.: not direct or to the point; rambling, roundabout."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "circuitous"
        },
        {
          "word": "circumlocutionary"
        },
        {
          "word": "indirect"
        },
        {
          "word": "meandering"
        },
        {
          "word": "tortuous"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "Flexible, pliant."
      ],
      "id": "en-winding-en-adj-tAOTaMdY",
      "links": [
        [
          "Flexible",
          "flexible#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "pliant",
          "pliant"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete)",
        "Flexible, pliant."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "Morally crooked; crafty, shifty."
      ],
      "id": "en-winding-en-adj-ePY0Oe4q",
      "links": [
        [
          "Morally",
          "morally"
        ],
        [
          "crooked",
          "crooked#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "crafty",
          "crafty"
        ],
        [
          "shifty",
          "shifty"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete)",
        "(figurative) Morally crooked; crafty, shifty."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈwaɪndɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American",
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪndɪŋ"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-winding1.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/96/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding1.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding1.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/96/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding1.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding1.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "_dis1": "6 45 45 2 1 0",
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "izvivašt",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "извиващ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "6 45 45 2 1 0",
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "lǎkatušen",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "лъкатушен"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "6 45 45 2 1 0",
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "qūzhé",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "曲折"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "6 45 45 2 1 0",
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "kiemurteleva"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "6 45 45 2 1 0",
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "mutkikas"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "6 45 45 2 1 0",
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "mutkitteleva"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "6 45 45 2 1 0",
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "sinueux"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "6 45 45 2 1 0",
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "tortueux"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "6 45 45 2 1 0",
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "biegend"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "6 45 45 2 1 0",
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "gewunden"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "6 45 45 2 1 0",
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "schlängelnd"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "6 45 45 2 1 0",
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "kanyargós"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "6 45 45 2 1 0",
      "alt": "まがりくねっている",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "magarikunette iru",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "曲がりくねっている"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "6 45 45 2 1 0",
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "sinuōsus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "6 45 45 2 1 0",
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "tortilis"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "6 45 45 2 1 0",
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "tortus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "6 45 45 2 1 0",
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "krívulest",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "кри́вулест"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "6 45 45 2 1 0",
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "kōpikopiko"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "6 45 45 2 1 0",
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "pikopiko"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "6 45 45 2 1 0",
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "svingete"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "6 45 45 2 1 0",
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "svingete"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "6 45 45 2 1 0",
      "code": "oc",
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "bestòrt"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "6 45 45 2 1 0",
      "code": "oc",
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "sinuós"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "6 45 45 2 1 0",
      "code": "oc",
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "tòrt"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "6 45 45 2 1 0",
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "pičâpič",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "پیچاپیچ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "6 45 45 2 1 0",
      "code": "pdt",
      "lang": "Plautdietsch",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "kromm"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "6 45 45 2 1 0",
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "sinuoso"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "6 45 45 2 1 0",
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "tortuoso"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "6 45 45 2 1 0",
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "izvílistyj",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "изви́листый"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "6 45 45 2 1 0",
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "petljájuščij",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "петля́ющий"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "6 45 45 2 1 0",
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "vʹjúščijsja",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "вью́щийся"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "6 45 45 2 1 0",
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "lùbach"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "6 45 45 2 1 0",
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "liko-liko"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "6 45 45 2 1 0",
      "code": "yo",
      "lang": "Yoruba",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "kọ́lọkọ̀lọ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "winding"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en"
      },
      "expansion": "English",
      "name": "langname"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "twisting"
      },
      "expansion": "sense 2",
      "name": "senseno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*wendʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "noun",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "winding"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English winding",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "windinge"
      },
      "expansion": "windinge",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "wyndynge",
        "t": "directional change, curve, turn; bend of the leg at the knee; meandering course of a river; act of turning and twisting; twisting of things (especially thread) together; wrapping of a cloth around something; wattling of a structure; wattle(s); ornamentation with interwoven patterns; hoisting of something"
      },
      "expansion": "wyndynge (“directional change, curve, turn; bend of the leg at the knee; meandering course of a river; act of turning and twisting; twisting of things (especially thread) together; wrapping of a cloth around something; wattling of a structure; wattle(s); ornamentation with interwoven patterns; hoisting of something”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vindand, windand, wingding",
        "otherforms": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "[and other forms]",
      "name": "nb..."
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "winden"
      },
      "expansion": "winden",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "wynden",
        "t": "to go, move; to move forcefully or suddenly; to direct, guide, lead; to go along a meandering or twisting course; to move in a circular pattern, revolve, turn; to move restlessly, toss and turn; to wriggle free; to move with a turning or twisting motion, bend, turn, twist; to form or mould (something) in one’s hands; to mix together; to cover; to clothe, dress; to wrap (a baby, a corpse, etc.); to encircle, surround; to bind; to interlace; to winch; (figurative) to conceal, disguise; to embroil, involve"
      },
      "expansion": "wynden (“to go, move; to move forcefully or suddenly; to direct, guide, lead; to go along a meandering or twisting course; to move in a circular pattern, revolve, turn; to move restlessly, toss and turn; to wriggle free; to move with a turning or twisting motion, bend, turn, twist; to form or mould (something) in one’s hands; to mix together; to cover; to clothe, dress; to wrap (a baby, a corpse, etc.); to encircle, surround; to bind; to interlace; to winch; (figurative) to conceal, disguise; to embroil, involve”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-ing"
      },
      "expansion": "-ing",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gerund"
      },
      "expansion": "gerund",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "present"
      },
      "expansion": "present",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "participle"
      },
      "expansion": "participle",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "verb",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-inge",
        "pos": "suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs"
      },
      "expansion": "-inge (suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "windung",
        "t": "woven object"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English windung (“woven object”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "windan",
        "t": "to twist, wind; to circle, curl, eddy, spiral"
      },
      "expansion": "windan (“to twist, wind; to circle, curl, eddy, spiral”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*windaną",
        "t": "to wind; to wrap"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *windaną (“to wind; to wrap”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*wendʰ-",
        "t": "to turn; to wind"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wendʰ- (“to turn; to wind”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "-ung",
        "pos": "suffix forming nouns denoting a verbal action or something involved in a verbal action"
      },
      "expansion": "-ung (suffix forming nouns denoting a verbal action or something involved in a verbal action)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "adjective",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "¹",
      "name": "sup"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "participial"
      },
      "expansion": "participial",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "wind",
        "3": "ing",
        "id2": "gerund noun",
        "pos2": "suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action",
        "t1": "to turn coils of (a cord, etc.) around something; to encircle, enfold, entwist, wrap; to travel in a way that is not straight"
      },
      "expansion": "wind (“to turn coils of (a cord, etc.) around something; to encircle, enfold, entwist, wrap; to travel in a way that is not straight”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action)",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "¹",
      "name": "sup"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Middle English winding, windinge, wyndynge (“directional change, curve, turn; bend of the leg at the knee; meandering course of a river; act of turning and twisting; twisting of things (especially thread) together; wrapping of a cloth around something; wattling of a structure; wattle(s); ornamentation with interwoven patterns; hoisting of something”) [and other forms], and then partly:\n* from winden, wynden (“to go, move; to move forcefully or suddenly; to direct, guide, lead; to go along a meandering or twisting course; to move in a circular pattern, revolve, turn; to move restlessly, toss and turn; to wriggle free; to move with a turning or twisting motion, bend, turn, twist; to form or mould (something) in one’s hands; to mix together; to cover; to clothe, dress; to wrap (a baby, a corpse, etc.); to encircle, surround; to bind; to interlace; to winch; (figurative) to conceal, disguise; to embroil, involve”) + -ing, -inge (suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs).; and\n* from Old English windung (“woven object”), from windan (“to twist, wind; to circle, curl, eddy, spiral”) (from Proto-Germanic *windaną (“to wind; to wrap”), from Proto-Indo-European *wendʰ- (“to turn; to wind”)) + -ung (suffix forming nouns denoting a verbal action or something involved in a verbal action).\nThe adjective is derived from the verb.\nThe English word is analysable as wind (“to turn coils of (a cord, etc.) around something; to encircle, enfold, entwist, wrap; to travel in a way that is not straight”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "winding",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "wind‧ing"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "7 7 8 1 3 3 1 1 3 6 0 2 0 7 7 7 4 1 6 5 0 3 9 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 6 7 1 3 4 2 1 3 6 0 3 0 6 8 6 4 1 6 6 0 4 8 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 6 8 2 4 3 1 1 3 5 1 3 1 6 8 7 5 1 5 5 1 3 8 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English heteronyms",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 3 5 1 2 3 1 1 5 3 3 3 3 4 7 5 7 3 4 3 1 3 11 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -ing (gerund noun)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "wind"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "present participle and gerund of wind"
      ],
      "id": "en-winding-en-verb-CxCG7QZi1",
      "links": [
        [
          "wind",
          "wind#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈwaɪndɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American",
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪndɪŋ"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-winding1.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/96/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding1.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding1.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/96/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding1.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding1.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "winding"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 2-syllable words",
    "English adjectives",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "English heteronyms",
    "English lemmas",
    "English non-lemma forms",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂weh₁-",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *wendʰ-",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms suffixed with -ing (gerund noun)",
    "English terms suffixed with -ing (participial)",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "English verb forms",
    "Rhymes:English/aɪndɪŋ",
    "Rhymes:English/aɪndɪŋ/2 syllables",
    "Rhymes:English/ɪndɪŋ",
    "Rhymes:English/ɪndɪŋ/2 syllables"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂weh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "noun",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "winding"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English winding",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "windinge"
      },
      "expansion": "windinge",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "wyndynge",
        "t": "act of exposing something to the wind, airing, ventilating; act of winnowing (?)"
      },
      "expansion": "wyndynge (“act of exposing something to the wind, airing, ventilating; act of winnowing (?)”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "winden"
      },
      "expansion": "winden",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "wynden",
        "t": "to expose (something) to the air or wind, ventilate; to cause (someone) to be out of breath; to winnow (wheat); of an animal: to catch the scent of (someone or something)"
      },
      "expansion": "wynden (“to expose (something) to the air or wind, ventilate; to cause (someone) to be out of breath; to winnow (wheat); of an animal: to catch the scent of (someone or something)”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-ing"
      },
      "expansion": "-ing",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gerund"
      },
      "expansion": "gerund",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "present"
      },
      "expansion": "present",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "participle"
      },
      "expansion": "participle",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "verb",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-inge",
        "pos": "suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs"
      },
      "expansion": "-inge (suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "adjective",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "²",
      "name": "sup"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "participial"
      },
      "expansion": "participial",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "wind",
        "3": "ing",
        "id2": "participial",
        "pos2": "suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action",
        "t1": "to blow air through (a wind instrument or horn) to make a sound; to cause (someone) to become breathless; to winnow (food grain), etc."
      },
      "expansion": "wind (“to blow air through (a wind instrument or horn) to make a sound; to cause (someone) to become breathless; to winnow (food grain), etc.”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action)",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "²",
      "name": "sup"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "3"
      },
      "expansion": "³",
      "name": "sup"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Middle English winding, windinge, wyndynge (“act of exposing something to the wind, airing, ventilating; act of winnowing (?)”), from winden, wynden (“to expose (something) to the air or wind, ventilate; to cause (someone) to be out of breath; to winnow (wheat); of an animal: to catch the scent of (someone or something)”) + -ing, -inge (suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs).\nThe adjective is derived from the verb.\nThe English word is analysable as wind (“to blow air through (a wind instrument or horn) to make a sound; to cause (someone) to become breathless; to winnow (food grain), etc.”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "windings",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "winding (countable and uncountable, plural windings)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "wind‧ing"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English gerunds",
        "en:Agriculture"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gerund of wind",
        "The act of winnowing (“subjecting food grain to a current of air to separate the grain from the chaff”)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wind",
          "wind#English"
        ],
        [
          "agriculture",
          "agriculture"
        ],
        [
          "act",
          "act#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "winnowing",
          "winnow#English"
        ],
        [
          "subjecting",
          "subject#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "food",
          "food"
        ],
        [
          "grain",
          "grain#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "current",
          "current#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "air",
          "air#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "separate",
          "separate#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "chaff",
          "chaff#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "gerund of wind",
        "(agriculture, chiefly attributive) The act of winnowing (“subjecting food grain to a current of air to separate the grain from the chaff”)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "agriculture",
        "business",
        "lifestyle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English gerunds",
        "en:Music"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gerund of wind",
        "The act of blowing air through a wind instrument or (chiefly) a horn to make a sound."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wind",
          "wind#English"
        ],
        [
          "music",
          "music"
        ],
        [
          "blowing",
          "blow#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "air",
          "air#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "wind instrument",
          "wind instrument"
        ],
        [
          "horn",
          "horn#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "make",
          "make#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "sound",
          "sound#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "gerund of wind",
        "(music) The act of blowing air through a wind instrument or (chiefly) a horn to make a sound."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "entertainment",
        "lifestyle",
        "music"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈwɪndɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American",
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɪndɪŋ"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-winding2.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding2.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding2.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "act of blowing air through a wind instrument or a horn to make a sound",
      "word": "puhallus"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "dúvanje",
      "sense": "act of blowing air through a wind instrument or a horn to make a sound",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "ду́вање"
    }
  ],
  "word": "winding"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 2-syllable words",
    "English adjectives",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "English heteronyms",
    "English lemmas",
    "English non-lemma forms",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂weh₁-",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *wendʰ-",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms suffixed with -ing (gerund noun)",
    "English terms suffixed with -ing (participial)",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "English verb forms",
    "Rhymes:English/aɪndɪŋ",
    "Rhymes:English/aɪndɪŋ/2 syllables",
    "Rhymes:English/ɪndɪŋ",
    "Rhymes:English/ɪndɪŋ/2 syllables"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂weh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "noun",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "winding"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English winding",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "windinge"
      },
      "expansion": "windinge",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "wyndynge",
        "t": "act of exposing something to the wind, airing, ventilating; act of winnowing (?)"
      },
      "expansion": "wyndynge (“act of exposing something to the wind, airing, ventilating; act of winnowing (?)”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "winden"
      },
      "expansion": "winden",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "wynden",
        "t": "to expose (something) to the air or wind, ventilate; to cause (someone) to be out of breath; to winnow (wheat); of an animal: to catch the scent of (someone or something)"
      },
      "expansion": "wynden (“to expose (something) to the air or wind, ventilate; to cause (someone) to be out of breath; to winnow (wheat); of an animal: to catch the scent of (someone or something)”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-ing"
      },
      "expansion": "-ing",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gerund"
      },
      "expansion": "gerund",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "present"
      },
      "expansion": "present",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "participle"
      },
      "expansion": "participle",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "verb",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-inge",
        "pos": "suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs"
      },
      "expansion": "-inge (suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "adjective",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "²",
      "name": "sup"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "participial"
      },
      "expansion": "participial",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "wind",
        "3": "ing",
        "id2": "participial",
        "pos2": "suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action",
        "t1": "to blow air through (a wind instrument or horn) to make a sound; to cause (someone) to become breathless; to winnow (food grain), etc."
      },
      "expansion": "wind (“to blow air through (a wind instrument or horn) to make a sound; to cause (someone) to become breathless; to winnow (food grain), etc.”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action)",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "²",
      "name": "sup"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "3"
      },
      "expansion": "³",
      "name": "sup"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Middle English winding, windinge, wyndynge (“act of exposing something to the wind, airing, ventilating; act of winnowing (?)”), from winden, wynden (“to expose (something) to the air or wind, ventilate; to cause (someone) to be out of breath; to winnow (wheat); of an animal: to catch the scent of (someone or something)”) + -ing, -inge (suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs).\nThe adjective is derived from the verb.\nThe English word is analysable as wind (“to blow air through (a wind instrument or horn) to make a sound; to cause (someone) to become breathless; to winnow (food grain), etc.”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "more winding",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most winding",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-",
        "2": "more"
      },
      "expansion": "winding (not generally comparable, comparative more winding, superlative most winding)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "wind‧ing"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Causing one to be breathless or out of breath."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Causing",
          "cause#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "breathless",
          "breathless"
        ],
        [
          "out of breath",
          "out of breath"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(comparable) Causing one to be breathless or out of breath."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "comparable",
        "not-comparable",
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Music"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Of a horn or wind instrument: blown to make a sound."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "music",
          "music"
        ],
        [
          "horn",
          "horn#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "wind instrument",
          "wind instrument"
        ],
        [
          "blown",
          "blow#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "make",
          "make#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "sound",
          "sound#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(not comparable, music) Of a horn or wind instrument: blown to make a sound."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "not-comparable",
        "usually"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "entertainment",
        "lifestyle",
        "music"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈwɪndɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American",
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɪndɪŋ"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-winding2.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding2.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding2.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "causing one to be breathless or out of breath",
      "word": "hengästyttävä"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "of a horn or wind instrument: blown to make a sound",
      "word": "puhallettava"
    }
  ],
  "word": "winding"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 2-syllable words",
    "English adjectives",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "English heteronyms",
    "English lemmas",
    "English non-lemma forms",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂weh₁-",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *wendʰ-",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms suffixed with -ing (gerund noun)",
    "English terms suffixed with -ing (participial)",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "English verb forms",
    "Rhymes:English/aɪndɪŋ",
    "Rhymes:English/aɪndɪŋ/2 syllables",
    "Rhymes:English/ɪndɪŋ",
    "Rhymes:English/ɪndɪŋ/2 syllables"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂weh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "noun",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "winding"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English winding",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "windinge"
      },
      "expansion": "windinge",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "wyndynge",
        "t": "act of exposing something to the wind, airing, ventilating; act of winnowing (?)"
      },
      "expansion": "wyndynge (“act of exposing something to the wind, airing, ventilating; act of winnowing (?)”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "winden"
      },
      "expansion": "winden",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "wynden",
        "t": "to expose (something) to the air or wind, ventilate; to cause (someone) to be out of breath; to winnow (wheat); of an animal: to catch the scent of (someone or something)"
      },
      "expansion": "wynden (“to expose (something) to the air or wind, ventilate; to cause (someone) to be out of breath; to winnow (wheat); of an animal: to catch the scent of (someone or something)”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-ing"
      },
      "expansion": "-ing",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gerund"
      },
      "expansion": "gerund",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "present"
      },
      "expansion": "present",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "participle"
      },
      "expansion": "participle",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "verb",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-inge",
        "pos": "suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs"
      },
      "expansion": "-inge (suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "adjective",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "²",
      "name": "sup"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "participial"
      },
      "expansion": "participial",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "wind",
        "3": "ing",
        "id2": "participial",
        "pos2": "suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action",
        "t1": "to blow air through (a wind instrument or horn) to make a sound; to cause (someone) to become breathless; to winnow (food grain), etc."
      },
      "expansion": "wind (“to blow air through (a wind instrument or horn) to make a sound; to cause (someone) to become breathless; to winnow (food grain), etc.”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action)",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "²",
      "name": "sup"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "3"
      },
      "expansion": "³",
      "name": "sup"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Middle English winding, windinge, wyndynge (“act of exposing something to the wind, airing, ventilating; act of winnowing (?)”), from winden, wynden (“to expose (something) to the air or wind, ventilate; to cause (someone) to be out of breath; to winnow (wheat); of an animal: to catch the scent of (someone or something)”) + -ing, -inge (suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs).\nThe adjective is derived from the verb.\nThe English word is analysable as wind (“to blow air through (a wind instrument or horn) to make a sound; to cause (someone) to become breathless; to winnow (food grain), etc.”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "winding",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "wind‧ing"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "wind"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "present participle and gerund of wind"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wind",
          "wind#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈwɪndɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American",
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɪndɪŋ"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-winding2.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding2.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding2.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "winding"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 2-syllable words",
    "English adjectives",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "English heteronyms",
    "English lemmas",
    "English non-lemma forms",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *wendʰ-",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms suffixed with -ing (gerund noun)",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "English verb forms",
    "Rhymes:English/aɪndɪŋ",
    "Rhymes:English/aɪndɪŋ/2 syllables"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "amortisseur winding"
    },
    {
      "word": "damper winding"
    },
    {
      "word": "winding cloth"
    },
    {
      "word": "winding engine"
    },
    {
      "word": "winding hole"
    },
    {
      "word": "winding number"
    },
    {
      "word": "winding sheet"
    },
    {
      "word": "winding tower"
    },
    {
      "word": "winding-up"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en"
      },
      "expansion": "English",
      "name": "langname"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "twisting"
      },
      "expansion": "sense 2",
      "name": "senseno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*wendʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "noun",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "winding"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English winding",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "windinge"
      },
      "expansion": "windinge",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "wyndynge",
        "t": "directional change, curve, turn; bend of the leg at the knee; meandering course of a river; act of turning and twisting; twisting of things (especially thread) together; wrapping of a cloth around something; wattling of a structure; wattle(s); ornamentation with interwoven patterns; hoisting of something"
      },
      "expansion": "wyndynge (“directional change, curve, turn; bend of the leg at the knee; meandering course of a river; act of turning and twisting; twisting of things (especially thread) together; wrapping of a cloth around something; wattling of a structure; wattle(s); ornamentation with interwoven patterns; hoisting of something”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vindand, windand, wingding",
        "otherforms": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "[and other forms]",
      "name": "nb..."
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "winden"
      },
      "expansion": "winden",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "wynden",
        "t": "to go, move; to move forcefully or suddenly; to direct, guide, lead; to go along a meandering or twisting course; to move in a circular pattern, revolve, turn; to move restlessly, toss and turn; to wriggle free; to move with a turning or twisting motion, bend, turn, twist; to form or mould (something) in one’s hands; to mix together; to cover; to clothe, dress; to wrap (a baby, a corpse, etc.); to encircle, surround; to bind; to interlace; to winch; (figurative) to conceal, disguise; to embroil, involve"
      },
      "expansion": "wynden (“to go, move; to move forcefully or suddenly; to direct, guide, lead; to go along a meandering or twisting course; to move in a circular pattern, revolve, turn; to move restlessly, toss and turn; to wriggle free; to move with a turning or twisting motion, bend, turn, twist; to form or mould (something) in one’s hands; to mix together; to cover; to clothe, dress; to wrap (a baby, a corpse, etc.); to encircle, surround; to bind; to interlace; to winch; (figurative) to conceal, disguise; to embroil, involve”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-ing"
      },
      "expansion": "-ing",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gerund"
      },
      "expansion": "gerund",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "present"
      },
      "expansion": "present",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "participle"
      },
      "expansion": "participle",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "verb",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-inge",
        "pos": "suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs"
      },
      "expansion": "-inge (suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "windung",
        "t": "woven object"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English windung (“woven object”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "windan",
        "t": "to twist, wind; to circle, curl, eddy, spiral"
      },
      "expansion": "windan (“to twist, wind; to circle, curl, eddy, spiral”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*windaną",
        "t": "to wind; to wrap"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *windaną (“to wind; to wrap”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*wendʰ-",
        "t": "to turn; to wind"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wendʰ- (“to turn; to wind”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "-ung",
        "pos": "suffix forming nouns denoting a verbal action or something involved in a verbal action"
      },
      "expansion": "-ung (suffix forming nouns denoting a verbal action or something involved in a verbal action)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "adjective",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "¹",
      "name": "sup"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "participial"
      },
      "expansion": "participial",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "wind",
        "3": "ing",
        "id2": "gerund noun",
        "pos2": "suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action",
        "t1": "to turn coils of (a cord, etc.) around something; to encircle, enfold, entwist, wrap; to travel in a way that is not straight"
      },
      "expansion": "wind (“to turn coils of (a cord, etc.) around something; to encircle, enfold, entwist, wrap; to travel in a way that is not straight”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action)",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "¹",
      "name": "sup"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Middle English winding, windinge, wyndynge (“directional change, curve, turn; bend of the leg at the knee; meandering course of a river; act of turning and twisting; twisting of things (especially thread) together; wrapping of a cloth around something; wattling of a structure; wattle(s); ornamentation with interwoven patterns; hoisting of something”) [and other forms], and then partly:\n* from winden, wynden (“to go, move; to move forcefully or suddenly; to direct, guide, lead; to go along a meandering or twisting course; to move in a circular pattern, revolve, turn; to move restlessly, toss and turn; to wriggle free; to move with a turning or twisting motion, bend, turn, twist; to form or mould (something) in one’s hands; to mix together; to cover; to clothe, dress; to wrap (a baby, a corpse, etc.); to encircle, surround; to bind; to interlace; to winch; (figurative) to conceal, disguise; to embroil, involve”) + -ing, -inge (suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs).; and\n* from Old English windung (“woven object”), from windan (“to twist, wind; to circle, curl, eddy, spiral”) (from Proto-Germanic *windaną (“to wind; to wrap”), from Proto-Indo-European *wendʰ- (“to turn; to wind”)) + -ung (suffix forming nouns denoting a verbal action or something involved in a verbal action).\nThe adjective is derived from the verb.\nThe English word is analysable as wind (“to turn coils of (a cord, etc.) around something; to encircle, enfold, entwist, wrap; to travel in a way that is not straight”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "windings",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "winding (countable and uncountable, plural windings)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "wind‧ing"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English gerunds"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gerund of wind",
        "The act of twisting something, or coiling or wrapping something around another thing."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wind",
          "wind#English"
        ],
        [
          "act",
          "act#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "twisting",
          "twist#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "coiling",
          "coil#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "wrapping",
          "wrap#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "thing",
          "thing"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English gerunds"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gerund of wind",
        "A curving, sinuous, or twisting movement; twists and turns."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wind",
          "wind#English"
        ],
        [
          "curving",
          "curving#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "sinuous",
          "sinuous"
        ],
        [
          "twisting",
          "twisting#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "movement",
          "movement"
        ],
        [
          "twists and turns",
          "twists and turns"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "gerund of wind",
        "(especially in the plural) A curving, sinuous, or twisting movement; twists and turns."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "especially",
        "in-plural",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English gerunds",
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1966, Cynthia Ozick, chapter 7, in Trust […], New York, N.Y.: The New American Library, part 1 (America), page 44",
          "text": "[M]y mother’s pale arms emerged from the windings of her sheets and flailed in the air; her mouth chattered like a motor.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gerund of wind",
        "A curving, sinuous, or twisting form."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wind",
          "wind#English"
        ],
        [
          "form",
          "form#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "gerund of wind",
        "(especially in the plural) A curving, sinuous, or twisting form."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "especially",
        "in-plural",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English gerunds"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gerund of wind",
        "Chiefly followed by up: the act of tightening the spring of a clockwork or other mechanism."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wind",
          "wind#English"
        ],
        [
          "up",
          "up#Preposition"
        ],
        [
          "tighten",
          "tighten"
        ],
        [
          "spring",
          "spring#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "clockwork",
          "clockwork#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "mechanism",
          "mechanism"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English gerunds"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gerund of wind",
        "Sometimes followed by up: the act of hoisting something using a winch or a similar device."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wind",
          "wind#English"
        ],
        [
          "hoisting",
          "hoist#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "using",
          "use#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "winch",
          "winch#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "similar",
          "similar#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "device",
          "device"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English gerunds"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gerund of wind",
        "Twists and turns in an occurrence, in thinking, or some other thing; also, moral crookedness; craftiness, shiftiness."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wind",
          "wind#English"
        ],
        [
          "occurrence",
          "occurrence"
        ],
        [
          "thinking",
          "thinking#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "moral",
          "moral#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "crookedness",
          "crookedness"
        ],
        [
          "craftiness",
          "craftiness"
        ],
        [
          "shiftiness",
          "shiftiness"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "gerund of wind",
        "(figurative, chiefly in the plural) Twists and turns in an occurrence, in thinking, or some other thing; also, moral crookedness; craftiness, shiftiness."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "figuratively",
        "in-plural",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "British English",
        "English gerunds",
        "en:Nautical"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gerund of wind",
        "The act or process of turning a boat or ship in a certain direction."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wind",
          "wind#English"
        ],
        [
          "nautical",
          "nautical"
        ],
        [
          "process",
          "process#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "turning",
          "turn#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "boat",
          "boat#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "ship",
          "ship#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "direction",
          "direction"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "gerund of wind",
        "(British, nautical) The act or process of turning a boat or ship in a certain direction."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "British",
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "nautical",
        "transport"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English gerunds",
        "English terms with obsolete senses",
        "en:Music"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gerund of wind",
        "A variation in a tune."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wind",
          "wind#English"
        ],
        [
          "music",
          "music"
        ],
        [
          "variation",
          "variation"
        ],
        [
          "tune",
          "tune#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "gerund of wind",
        "(obsolete, music) A variation in a tune."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "obsolete",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "entertainment",
        "lifestyle",
        "music"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Electrical engineering"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Something wound around another thing.",
        "A length of wire wound around the armature of an electric motor or the core of an electrical transformer."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "thing",
          "thing"
        ],
        [
          "electrical engineering",
          "electrical engineering"
        ],
        [
          "length",
          "length#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "wire",
          "wire#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "armature",
          "armature#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "electric motor",
          "electric motor"
        ],
        [
          "core",
          "core#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "electrical",
          "electrical#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "transformer",
          "transformer"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "Something wound around another thing.",
        "(electrical engineering) A length of wire wound around the armature of an electric motor or the core of an electrical transformer."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:wound wire in an electrical device"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "business",
        "electrical",
        "electrical-engineering",
        "electricity",
        "electromagnetism",
        "energy",
        "engineering",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "physics"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Lutherie"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Something wound around another thing.",
        "Synonym of lapping (“lengths of fine silk, metal wire, or whalebone wrapped tightly around the stick of the bow of a string instrument adjacent to the leather part of the bow grip at the heel”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "thing",
          "thing"
        ],
        [
          "lutherie",
          "lutherie"
        ],
        [
          "lapping",
          "lapping#English"
        ],
        [
          "fine",
          "fine#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "silk",
          "silk#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "metal",
          "metal#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "whalebone",
          "whalebone"
        ],
        [
          "wrapped",
          "wrap#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "tightly",
          "tightly"
        ],
        [
          "stick",
          "stick#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "bow",
          "bow#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "string instrument",
          "string instrument"
        ],
        [
          "adjacent",
          "adjacent#Preposition"
        ],
        [
          "leather",
          "leather#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "part",
          "part#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "bow grip",
          "bow grip"
        ],
        [
          "heel",
          "heel#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "Something wound around another thing.",
        "(lutherie) Synonym of lapping (“lengths of fine silk, metal wire, or whalebone wrapped tightly around the stick of the bow of a string instrument adjacent to the leather part of the bow grip at the heel”)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "extra": "lengths of fine silk, metal wire, or whalebone wrapped tightly around the stick of the bow of a string instrument adjacent to the leather part of the bow grip at the heel",
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "lapping"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "arts",
        "crafts",
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "lutherie"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Something wound around another thing.",
        "A decorative object, design, or other thing with curves or twists."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "thing",
          "thing"
        ],
        [
          "decorative",
          "decorative#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "object",
          "object#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "design",
          "design#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "curves",
          "curve#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "twists",
          "twist#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "Something wound around another thing.",
        "(obsolete)",
        "A decorative object, design, or other thing with curves or twists."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "obsolete",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English dialectal terms",
        "English terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Something wound around another thing.",
        "Synonym of withe or withy (“a flexible, slender shoot or twig, especially when used as a band or for binding”); also, all the withies used to make or repair a wall, or the process of using withies in this manner."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "thing",
          "thing"
        ],
        [
          "withe",
          "withe#English"
        ],
        [
          "withy",
          "withy#English"
        ],
        [
          "flexible",
          "flexible#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "slender",
          "slender"
        ],
        [
          "shoot",
          "shoot#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "twig",
          "twig#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "band",
          "band#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "binding",
          "binding#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "make",
          "make#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "repair",
          "repair#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "wall",
          "wall#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "manner",
          "manner#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "except dialectal",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "Something wound around another thing.",
        "(obsolete)",
        "(except dialectal) Synonym of withe or withy (“a flexible, slender shoot or twig, especially when used as a band or for binding”); also, all the withies used to make or repair a wall, or the process of using withies in this manner."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "extra": "(“a flexible, slender shoot or twig, especially when used as a band or for binding”); also, all the withies used to make or repair a wall, or the process of using withies in this manner",
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "withe"
        },
        {
          "extra": "(“a flexible, slender shoot or twig, especially when used as a band or for binding”); also, all the withies used to make or repair a wall, or the process of using withies in this manner",
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "withy"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "obsolete",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈwaɪndɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American",
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪndɪŋ"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-winding1.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/96/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding1.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding1.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/96/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding1.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding1.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "vitka",
      "sense": "act of twisting something, or coiling or wrapping something around another thing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "витка"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "english": "electrical wire",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "act of twisting something, or coiling or wrapping something around another thing",
      "word": "käämintä"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "act of twisting something, or coiling or wrapping something around another thing",
      "word": "kelaus"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "act of twisting something, or coiling or wrapping something around another thing",
      "word": "kiertäminen"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "act of twisting something, or coiling or wrapping something around another thing",
      "word": "Wicklung"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "mótanje",
      "sense": "act of twisting something, or coiling or wrapping something around another thing",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "мо́тање"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "mótka",
      "sense": "act of twisting something, or coiling or wrapping something around another thing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "мо́тка"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "namátyvanije",
      "sense": "act of twisting something, or coiling or wrapping something around another thing",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "нама́тывание"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "namótka",
      "sense": "act of twisting something, or coiling or wrapping something around another thing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "намо́тка"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "obmótka",
      "sense": "act of twisting something, or coiling or wrapping something around another thing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "обмо́тка"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "curving, sinuous, or twisting movement",
      "word": "kiemurtelu"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "curving, sinuous, or twisting movement",
      "word": "kaartelu"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "curving, sinuous, or twisting form",
      "word": "kiemura"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "act of tightening the spring of a clockwork or other mechanism",
      "word": "vetäminen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "twists and turns in an occurrence, in thinking, or some other thing",
      "word": "käänne"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "act or process of turning a boat or ship in a certain direction",
      "word": "kääntäminen tuuleen"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "namotka",
      "sense": "something wound around another thing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "намотка"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "something wound around another thing",
      "word": "käämi"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "something wound around another thing",
      "word": "kela"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "something wound around another thing",
      "word": "Wicklung"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "námotka",
      "sense": "something wound around another thing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "на́мотка"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "something wound around another thing",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "enrolado"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "something wound around another thing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "enrolada"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "obmótka",
      "sense": "something wound around another thing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "обмо́тка"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "namotka",
      "sense": "length of wire wound around the armature of an electric motor or the core of an electrical transformer",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "намотка"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "length of wire wound around the armature of an electric motor or the core of an electrical transformer",
      "word": "käämi"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "length of wire wound around the armature of an electric motor or the core of an electrical transformer",
      "word": "käämitys"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "length of wire wound around the armature of an electric motor or the core of an electrical transformer",
      "word": "Wicklung"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "length of wire wound around the armature of an electric motor or the core of an electrical transformer",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "avvolgimento"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "námotka",
      "sense": "length of wire wound around the armature of an electric motor or the core of an electrical transformer",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "на́мотка"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "length of wire wound around the armature of an electric motor or the core of an electrical transformer",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "bobina"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "length of wire wound around the armature of an electric motor or the core of an electrical transformer",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "enrolamento"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "obmótka",
      "sense": "length of wire wound around the armature of an electric motor or the core of an electrical transformer",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "обмо́тка"
    }
  ],
  "word": "winding"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 2-syllable words",
    "English adjectives",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "English heteronyms",
    "English lemmas",
    "English non-lemma forms",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *wendʰ-",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms suffixed with -ing (gerund noun)",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "English verb forms",
    "Rhymes:English/aɪndɪŋ",
    "Rhymes:English/aɪndɪŋ/2 syllables"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "windingly"
    },
    {
      "word": "windingness"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en"
      },
      "expansion": "English",
      "name": "langname"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "twisting"
      },
      "expansion": "sense 2",
      "name": "senseno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*wendʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "noun",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "winding"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English winding",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "windinge"
      },
      "expansion": "windinge",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "wyndynge",
        "t": "directional change, curve, turn; bend of the leg at the knee; meandering course of a river; act of turning and twisting; twisting of things (especially thread) together; wrapping of a cloth around something; wattling of a structure; wattle(s); ornamentation with interwoven patterns; hoisting of something"
      },
      "expansion": "wyndynge (“directional change, curve, turn; bend of the leg at the knee; meandering course of a river; act of turning and twisting; twisting of things (especially thread) together; wrapping of a cloth around something; wattling of a structure; wattle(s); ornamentation with interwoven patterns; hoisting of something”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vindand, windand, wingding",
        "otherforms": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "[and other forms]",
      "name": "nb..."
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "winden"
      },
      "expansion": "winden",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "wynden",
        "t": "to go, move; to move forcefully or suddenly; to direct, guide, lead; to go along a meandering or twisting course; to move in a circular pattern, revolve, turn; to move restlessly, toss and turn; to wriggle free; to move with a turning or twisting motion, bend, turn, twist; to form or mould (something) in one’s hands; to mix together; to cover; to clothe, dress; to wrap (a baby, a corpse, etc.); to encircle, surround; to bind; to interlace; to winch; (figurative) to conceal, disguise; to embroil, involve"
      },
      "expansion": "wynden (“to go, move; to move forcefully or suddenly; to direct, guide, lead; to go along a meandering or twisting course; to move in a circular pattern, revolve, turn; to move restlessly, toss and turn; to wriggle free; to move with a turning or twisting motion, bend, turn, twist; to form or mould (something) in one’s hands; to mix together; to cover; to clothe, dress; to wrap (a baby, a corpse, etc.); to encircle, surround; to bind; to interlace; to winch; (figurative) to conceal, disguise; to embroil, involve”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-ing"
      },
      "expansion": "-ing",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gerund"
      },
      "expansion": "gerund",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "present"
      },
      "expansion": "present",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "participle"
      },
      "expansion": "participle",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "verb",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-inge",
        "pos": "suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs"
      },
      "expansion": "-inge (suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "windung",
        "t": "woven object"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English windung (“woven object”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "windan",
        "t": "to twist, wind; to circle, curl, eddy, spiral"
      },
      "expansion": "windan (“to twist, wind; to circle, curl, eddy, spiral”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*windaną",
        "t": "to wind; to wrap"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *windaną (“to wind; to wrap”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*wendʰ-",
        "t": "to turn; to wind"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wendʰ- (“to turn; to wind”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "-ung",
        "pos": "suffix forming nouns denoting a verbal action or something involved in a verbal action"
      },
      "expansion": "-ung (suffix forming nouns denoting a verbal action or something involved in a verbal action)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "adjective",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "¹",
      "name": "sup"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "participial"
      },
      "expansion": "participial",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "wind",
        "3": "ing",
        "id2": "gerund noun",
        "pos2": "suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action",
        "t1": "to turn coils of (a cord, etc.) around something; to encircle, enfold, entwist, wrap; to travel in a way that is not straight"
      },
      "expansion": "wind (“to turn coils of (a cord, etc.) around something; to encircle, enfold, entwist, wrap; to travel in a way that is not straight”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action)",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "¹",
      "name": "sup"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Middle English winding, windinge, wyndynge (“directional change, curve, turn; bend of the leg at the knee; meandering course of a river; act of turning and twisting; twisting of things (especially thread) together; wrapping of a cloth around something; wattling of a structure; wattle(s); ornamentation with interwoven patterns; hoisting of something”) [and other forms], and then partly:\n* from winden, wynden (“to go, move; to move forcefully or suddenly; to direct, guide, lead; to go along a meandering or twisting course; to move in a circular pattern, revolve, turn; to move restlessly, toss and turn; to wriggle free; to move with a turning or twisting motion, bend, turn, twist; to form or mould (something) in one’s hands; to mix together; to cover; to clothe, dress; to wrap (a baby, a corpse, etc.); to encircle, surround; to bind; to interlace; to winch; (figurative) to conceal, disguise; to embroil, involve”) + -ing, -inge (suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs).; and\n* from Old English windung (“woven object”), from windan (“to twist, wind; to circle, curl, eddy, spiral”) (from Proto-Germanic *windaną (“to wind; to wrap”), from Proto-Indo-European *wendʰ- (“to turn; to wind”)) + -ung (suffix forming nouns denoting a verbal action or something involved in a verbal action).\nThe adjective is derived from the verb.\nThe English word is analysable as wind (“to turn coils of (a cord, etc.) around something; to encircle, enfold, entwist, wrap; to travel in a way that is not straight”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "more winding",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most winding",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "winding (comparative more winding, superlative most winding)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "wind‧ing"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Moving in a sinuous or twisting manner."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Moving",
          "move#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "sinuous",
          "sinuous"
        ],
        [
          "twisting",
          "twisting#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "manner",
          "manner#Noun"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1950 December, R. C. J. Day, R. K. Kirkland, “The Kelvedon & Tollesbury Light Railway”, in The Railway Magazine, London: Tothill Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 838",
          "text": "Nearer the coast, the land becomes markedly more marshy, with long, winding channels striking inland from the sea, making access to some of the waterside villages rather difficult.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Sinuous, turning, or twisting in form."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "turning",
          "turn#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "form",
          "form#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:twisting"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Sinuous, turning, or twisting in form.",
        "Chiefly of a staircase: helical, spiral."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "turning",
          "turn#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "form",
          "form#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "staircase",
          "staircase#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "helical",
          "helical"
        ],
        [
          "spiral",
          "spiral#Adjective"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:twisting"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Of speech, writing, etc.: not direct or to the point; rambling, roundabout."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "speech",
          "speech#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "writing",
          "writing#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "direct",
          "direct#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "to the point",
          "to the point"
        ],
        [
          "rambling",
          "rambling#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "roundabout",
          "roundabout#Adjective"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative) Of speech, writing, etc.: not direct or to the point; rambling, roundabout."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "circuitous"
        },
        {
          "word": "circumlocutionary"
        },
        {
          "word": "indirect"
        },
        {
          "word": "meandering"
        },
        {
          "word": "tortuous"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Flexible, pliant."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Flexible",
          "flexible#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "pliant",
          "pliant"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete)",
        "Flexible, pliant."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Morally crooked; crafty, shifty."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Morally",
          "morally"
        ],
        [
          "crooked",
          "crooked#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "crafty",
          "crafty"
        ],
        [
          "shifty",
          "shifty"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete)",
        "(figurative) Morally crooked; crafty, shifty."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈwaɪndɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American",
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪndɪŋ"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-winding1.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/96/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding1.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding1.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/96/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding1.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding1.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "moving in a sinuous or twisting manner",
      "word": "kiemurteleva"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "izvivašt",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "извиващ"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "lǎkatušen",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "лъкатушен"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "qūzhé",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "曲折"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "kiemurteleva"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "mutkikas"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "mutkitteleva"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "sinueux"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "tortueux"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "biegend"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "gewunden"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "schlängelnd"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "kanyargós"
    },
    {
      "alt": "まがりくねっている",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "magarikunette iru",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "曲がりくねっている"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "sinuōsus"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "tortilis"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "tortus"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "krívulest",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "кри́вулест"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "kōpikopiko"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "pikopiko"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "svingete"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "svingete"
    },
    {
      "code": "oc",
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "bestòrt"
    },
    {
      "code": "oc",
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "sinuós"
    },
    {
      "code": "oc",
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "tòrt"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "pičâpič",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "پیچاپیچ"
    },
    {
      "code": "pdt",
      "lang": "Plautdietsch",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "kromm"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "sinuoso"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "tortuoso"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "izvílistyj",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "изви́листый"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "petljájuščij",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "петля́ющий"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "vʹjúščijsja",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "вью́щийся"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "lùbach"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "liko-liko"
    },
    {
      "code": "yo",
      "lang": "Yoruba",
      "sense": "sinuous, turning, or twisting in form",
      "word": "kọ́lọkọ̀lọ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "winding"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 2-syllable words",
    "English adjectives",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "English heteronyms",
    "English lemmas",
    "English non-lemma forms",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *wendʰ-",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms suffixed with -ing (gerund noun)",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "English verb forms",
    "Rhymes:English/aɪndɪŋ",
    "Rhymes:English/aɪndɪŋ/2 syllables"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en"
      },
      "expansion": "English",
      "name": "langname"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "twisting"
      },
      "expansion": "sense 2",
      "name": "senseno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*wendʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "noun",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "winding"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English winding",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "windinge"
      },
      "expansion": "windinge",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "wyndynge",
        "t": "directional change, curve, turn; bend of the leg at the knee; meandering course of a river; act of turning and twisting; twisting of things (especially thread) together; wrapping of a cloth around something; wattling of a structure; wattle(s); ornamentation with interwoven patterns; hoisting of something"
      },
      "expansion": "wyndynge (“directional change, curve, turn; bend of the leg at the knee; meandering course of a river; act of turning and twisting; twisting of things (especially thread) together; wrapping of a cloth around something; wattling of a structure; wattle(s); ornamentation with interwoven patterns; hoisting of something”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vindand, windand, wingding",
        "otherforms": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "[and other forms]",
      "name": "nb..."
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "winden"
      },
      "expansion": "winden",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "wynden",
        "t": "to go, move; to move forcefully or suddenly; to direct, guide, lead; to go along a meandering or twisting course; to move in a circular pattern, revolve, turn; to move restlessly, toss and turn; to wriggle free; to move with a turning or twisting motion, bend, turn, twist; to form or mould (something) in one’s hands; to mix together; to cover; to clothe, dress; to wrap (a baby, a corpse, etc.); to encircle, surround; to bind; to interlace; to winch; (figurative) to conceal, disguise; to embroil, involve"
      },
      "expansion": "wynden (“to go, move; to move forcefully or suddenly; to direct, guide, lead; to go along a meandering or twisting course; to move in a circular pattern, revolve, turn; to move restlessly, toss and turn; to wriggle free; to move with a turning or twisting motion, bend, turn, twist; to form or mould (something) in one’s hands; to mix together; to cover; to clothe, dress; to wrap (a baby, a corpse, etc.); to encircle, surround; to bind; to interlace; to winch; (figurative) to conceal, disguise; to embroil, involve”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-ing"
      },
      "expansion": "-ing",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gerund"
      },
      "expansion": "gerund",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "present"
      },
      "expansion": "present",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "participle"
      },
      "expansion": "participle",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "verb",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-inge",
        "pos": "suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs"
      },
      "expansion": "-inge (suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "windung",
        "t": "woven object"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English windung (“woven object”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "windan",
        "t": "to twist, wind; to circle, curl, eddy, spiral"
      },
      "expansion": "windan (“to twist, wind; to circle, curl, eddy, spiral”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*windaną",
        "t": "to wind; to wrap"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *windaną (“to wind; to wrap”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*wendʰ-",
        "t": "to turn; to wind"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wendʰ- (“to turn; to wind”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "-ung",
        "pos": "suffix forming nouns denoting a verbal action or something involved in a verbal action"
      },
      "expansion": "-ung (suffix forming nouns denoting a verbal action or something involved in a verbal action)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "adjective",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "¹",
      "name": "sup"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "participial"
      },
      "expansion": "participial",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "wind",
        "3": "ing",
        "id2": "gerund noun",
        "pos2": "suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action",
        "t1": "to turn coils of (a cord, etc.) around something; to encircle, enfold, entwist, wrap; to travel in a way that is not straight"
      },
      "expansion": "wind (“to turn coils of (a cord, etc.) around something; to encircle, enfold, entwist, wrap; to travel in a way that is not straight”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action)",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "¹",
      "name": "sup"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Middle English winding, windinge, wyndynge (“directional change, curve, turn; bend of the leg at the knee; meandering course of a river; act of turning and twisting; twisting of things (especially thread) together; wrapping of a cloth around something; wattling of a structure; wattle(s); ornamentation with interwoven patterns; hoisting of something”) [and other forms], and then partly:\n* from winden, wynden (“to go, move; to move forcefully or suddenly; to direct, guide, lead; to go along a meandering or twisting course; to move in a circular pattern, revolve, turn; to move restlessly, toss and turn; to wriggle free; to move with a turning or twisting motion, bend, turn, twist; to form or mould (something) in one’s hands; to mix together; to cover; to clothe, dress; to wrap (a baby, a corpse, etc.); to encircle, surround; to bind; to interlace; to winch; (figurative) to conceal, disguise; to embroil, involve”) + -ing, -inge (suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs).; and\n* from Old English windung (“woven object”), from windan (“to twist, wind; to circle, curl, eddy, spiral”) (from Proto-Germanic *windaną (“to wind; to wrap”), from Proto-Indo-European *wendʰ- (“to turn; to wind”)) + -ung (suffix forming nouns denoting a verbal action or something involved in a verbal action).\nThe adjective is derived from the verb.\nThe English word is analysable as wind (“to turn coils of (a cord, etc.) around something; to encircle, enfold, entwist, wrap; to travel in a way that is not straight”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "winding",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "wind‧ing"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "wind"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "present participle and gerund of wind"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wind",
          "wind#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈwaɪndɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American",
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪndɪŋ"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-winding1.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/96/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding1.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding1.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/96/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding1.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-winding1.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "winding"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (82c8ff9 and f4967a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.