See turbulence in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for turbulence meaning in English (12.4kB)
{
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"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin turbulentia, or from turbulent + -ence.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "turbulences",
"tags": [
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"pos": "noun",
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"word": "turbulent"
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"text": "Turbulence was everywhere, within every blade of grass, every drop of dew on a leaf, every cloud in the sky, and every star beyond. The turbulence was purposeless, but in huge quantities of purposeless turbulence, purpose took shape.",
"type": "quotation"
}
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"glosses": [
"The state or fact of being turbulent or agitated; tempestuousness, disturbance."
],
"id": "en-turbulence-en-noun-yTJrB7UH",
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"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) The state or fact of being turbulent or agitated; tempestuousness, disturbance."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
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"glosses": [
"Disturbance in a gas or fluid, characterized by evidence of internal motion or unrest."
],
"id": "en-turbulence-en-noun-rB21oapX",
"links": [
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) Disturbance in a gas or fluid, characterized by evidence of internal motion or unrest."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "mrrkayin šaržum",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "մրրկային շարժում"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "çalxantı"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "türbülans"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "turbuljéntnascʹ",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "турбуле́нтнасць"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "turbulentnost",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "турбулентност"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tuānliú",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "湍流"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wěnliú",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "紊流"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "亂流"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "luànliú",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "乱流"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "turbulens"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "turbulentie"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "turbulenssi"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "turbulence"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "turbulencia"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ṭurbulenṭoba",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "ტურბულენტობა"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Turbulenz"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "turbulencia"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "turbolenza"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"alt": "らんりゅう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ranryū",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "乱流"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "turbulenttılık",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "турбуленттілік"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "nan'giryu",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "난기류"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "nallyu",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "난류"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "turbulenttüülük",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "турбуленттүүлүк"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "gelora"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "pergolakan"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "turbulens"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "antarīkṣavikṣōbhaṁ",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "അന്തരീക്ഷവിക്ഷോഭം"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "mi",
"english": "refers to waves in a storm",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "puahiri"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "turbulens"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "turbulens"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "آشفتگی"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "turbulência"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tulburare"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "turbulență"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "turbuléntnostʹ",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "турбуле́нтность"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "turbuléncija",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "турбуле́нция"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "turbulencia"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "turbulens"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "oşuftagī"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "kontaḷippu ōṭṭam",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "கொந்தளிப்பு ஓட்டம்"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "turbuléntnistʹ",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "турбуле́нтність"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 44 22 18",
"alt": "𣳔𬈰𦇒",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "dòng chảy rối"
}
]
},
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"glosses": [
"Specifically, a state of agitation or disturbance in the air which is disruptive to an aircraft."
],
"id": "en-turbulence-en-noun-Xy-XncCU",
"links": [
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"aviation",
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"aircraft",
"aircraft"
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"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable, aviation) Specifically, a state of agitation or disturbance in the air which is disruptive to an aircraft."
],
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"uncountable"
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"aerospace",
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"ref": "2022 October 3, Kwasi Kwarteng, quotee, “Tory MPs plot to avert welfare squeeze after humiliating U-turns”, in The Guardian",
"text": "In a brief and abashed Tory conference speech, Kwarteng admitted it had been a “tough day” – hours after rowing back on the tax cut for high earners. He said his economic plan had caused “a little turbulence”.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An instance or type of such state or disturbance."
],
"id": "en-turbulence-en-noun-H7ovG6z7",
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"(countable) An instance or type of such state or disturbance."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
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}
],
"sounds": [
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"ipa": "/ˈtɜː.bjə.ləns/",
"tags": [
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"ipa": "/ˈtɝ.bjə.ləns/",
"tags": [
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"wikipedia": [
"turbulence"
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"word": "turbulence"
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"derived": [
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"(uncountable) The state or fact of being turbulent or agitated; tempestuousness, disturbance."
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"glosses": [
"Disturbance in a gas or fluid, characterized by evidence of internal motion or unrest."
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"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) Disturbance in a gas or fluid, characterized by evidence of internal motion or unrest."
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"(uncountable, aviation) Specifically, a state of agitation or disturbance in the air which is disruptive to an aircraft."
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"(countable) An instance or type of such state or disturbance."
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"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "mrrkayin šaržum",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "մրրկային շարժում"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "çalxantı"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "türbülans"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "turbuljéntnascʹ",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "турбуле́нтнасць"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "turbulentnost",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "турбулентност"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tuānliú",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "湍流"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wěnliú",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "紊流"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "亂流"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "luànliú",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "乱流"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "turbulens"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "turbulentie"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "turbulenssi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "turbulence"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "turbulencia"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ṭurbulenṭoba",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "ტურბულენტობა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Turbulenz"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "turbulencia"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "turbolenza"
},
{
"alt": "らんりゅう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ranryū",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "乱流"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "turbulenttılık",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "турбуленттілік"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "nan'giryu",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "난기류"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "nallyu",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "난류"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "turbulenttüülük",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "турбуленттүүлүк"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "gelora"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "pergolakan"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "turbulens"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "antarīkṣavikṣōbhaṁ",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "അന്തരീക്ഷവിക്ഷോഭം"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"english": "refers to waves in a storm",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "puahiri"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "turbulens"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "turbulens"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "آشفتگی"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "turbulência"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tulburare"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "turbulență"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "turbuléntnostʹ",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "турбуле́нтность"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "turbuléncija",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "турбуле́нция"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "turbulencia"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "turbulens"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "oşuftagī"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "kontaḷippu ōṭṭam",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "கொந்தளிப்பு ஓட்டம்"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "turbuléntnistʹ",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "турбуле́нтність"
},
{
"alt": "𣳔𬈰𦇒",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "disturbance in gas, fluid",
"word": "dòng chảy rối"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"turbulence"
],
"word": "turbulence"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.