See thrash in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for thrash meaning in English (18.1kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "thrash about"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "thrashel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "thrasher"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "thrash out"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*terh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "thrasshen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English thrasshen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "thresshen"
},
"expansion": "thresshen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "threshen"
},
"expansion": "threshen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "thresh"
},
"expansion": "thresh",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "þrescan"
},
"expansion": "Old English þrescan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þreskaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þreskaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "dreskan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German dreskan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "þreskja"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse þreskja",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English thrasshen, a dialectal variant of thresshen, threshen (whence the modern English thresh), from Old English þrescan, from Proto-Germanic *þreskaną, whence also Old High German dreskan, Old Norse þreskja.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "thrashes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thrashing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thrashed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "thrashed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "thrash (third-person singular simple present thrashes, present participle thrashing, simple past and past participle thrashed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1979 November 30, Roger Waters (lyrics and music), “The Happiest Days of Our Lives”, in The Wall, performed by Pink Floy",
"text": "But in the town it was well known, when they got home at night, their fat and psychopathic wives would thrash them within inches of their lives.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2023 February 22, Howard Johnston, “Southern '313s': is the end now in sight?”, in RAIL, number 977, page 42",
"text": "The rural Midland & Great Northern backwaters from Norfolk to Leicester closed in February 1959 before they could be used there, and thrashing them on the GN main line instead resulted in a memorably poor ride and rattling windows, caused by vibration from their engines and suspect suspension.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To beat mercilessly."
],
"id": "en-thrash-en-verb-CuwUcLJd",
"links": [
[
"beat",
"beat"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "naperdašvam",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "напердашвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "prebivam",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "пребивам"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "tæske"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "afranselen"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "draŝi"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "peksma"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "pieksää"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "passer à tabac"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "rosser"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "schlagen"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "dreschen"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "zusammenschlagen"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "eindreschen"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "greasáil"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "gread"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "liúr"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "infierire"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "sferzare"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "percuotere"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "bastonare"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "picchiare"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "dêgraîssi"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "molotítʹ",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "молоти́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kolotítʹ",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "колоти́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "lupítʹ",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "лупи́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dolbitʹ",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "долбить"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "buail"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "mlatiti"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "mlátiť"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "tĺcť"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "vapulear"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "spöa"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "spöa upp"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "ge stryk"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "klå"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "lupcjuváty",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "лупцюва́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "motlošýty",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "мотлоши́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "čuxráty",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "чухра́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "dubásyty",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дуба́сити"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "lupýty",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "лупи́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "hamsélyty",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "гамсе́лити"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 0 6 2 5",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "holómšyty",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "голо́мшити"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2011 January 8, Paul Fletcher, “Stevenage 3 - 1 Newcastle”, in BBC",
"text": "Pardew made five changes to the side that thrashed West Ham 5-0 on Wednesday - with players such as James Perch and Alan Smith given the chance to underline their case for a regular starting berth.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To defeat utterly."
],
"id": "en-thrash-en-verb-vIi7DCzA",
"links": [
[
"defeat",
"defeat"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 83 1 5 2 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to defeat utterly",
"word": "rökittää"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 83 1 5 2 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to defeat utterly",
"word": "besiegen"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 83 1 5 2 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to defeat utterly",
"word": "zerstören"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 83 1 5 2 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to defeat utterly",
"word": "vernichten"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 83 1 5 2 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to defeat utterly",
"word": "annientare"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 83 1 5 2 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to defeat utterly",
"word": "sconfiggere"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 83 1 5 2 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to defeat utterly",
"word": "travolgere"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 83 1 5 2 5",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "to defeat utterly",
"word": "rosser"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 83 1 5 2 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razgromítʹ",
"sense": "to defeat utterly",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "разгроми́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 83 1 5 2 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razbítʹ",
"sense": "to defeat utterly",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "разби́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 83 1 5 2 5",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to defeat utterly",
"word": "rozdrviť"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 83 1 5 2 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to defeat utterly",
"word": "spöa"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 83 1 5 2 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to defeat utterly",
"word": "klå"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 83 1 5 2 5",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "roztroščýty",
"sense": "to defeat utterly",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "розтрощи́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 83 1 5 2 5",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rozhromýty",
"sense": "to defeat utterly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "розгроми́ти"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To thresh."
],
"id": "en-thrash-en-verb-Rx7OsrVM",
"links": [
[
"thresh",
"thresh"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 18 8 8 3 26 8 15",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Violence",
"orig": "en:Violence",
"parents": [
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1690, Juvenal, “The Tenth Satire of Juvenal”, in John Dryden, transl., John Dryden: The Major Works, Oxford University Press, published 1987, page 364",
"text": "I rather would be Maevius, thrash for rhymes, / Like his, the scorn and scandal of the times.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2023, Britney Spears, The Woman in Me, Simon and Schuster",
"text": "As performers, we girls have our hair. That's the real thing guys want to see. They love to see the long hair move. They want you to thrash it.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To move about wildly or violently; to flail; to labour."
],
"id": "en-thrash-en-verb-W5sYRcbH",
"links": [
[
"flail",
"flail"
],
[
"labour",
"labour"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Software",
"orig": "en:Software",
"parents": [
"Computing",
"Media",
"Technology",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To extensively test a software system, giving a program various inputs and observing the behavior and outputs that result."
],
"id": "en-thrash-en-verb-r0pEx6WH",
"links": [
[
"software",
"software"
],
[
"test",
"test"
],
[
"system",
"system"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(software) To extensively test a software system, giving a program various inputs and observing the behavior and outputs that result."
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences",
"software"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 3 0 2 87 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "software: to extensively test a software system",
"word": "koeajaa perin pohjin"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 0 2 87 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "software: to extensively test a software system",
"word": "testata perin pohjin"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 0 2 87 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "molotítʹ",
"sense": "software: to extensively test a software system",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "молоти́ть"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Computing",
"orig": "en:Computing",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In computer architecture, to cause or undergo poor performance of a virtual memory (or paging) system."
],
"id": "en-thrash-en-verb-wV2oLQBb",
"links": [
[
"computing",
"computing#Noun"
],
[
"computer",
"computer"
],
[
"architecture",
"architecture"
],
[
"performance",
"performance"
],
[
"virtual memory",
"virtual memory"
],
[
"paging",
"paging"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(computing) In computer architecture, to cause or undergo poor performance of a virtual memory (or paging) system."
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 3 1 6 6 82",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "computing: to cause poor performance of a virtual memory",
"word": "ruuhkautua"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θɹæʃ/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-æʃ"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-thrash.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d6/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thrash.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thrash.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d6/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thrash.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thrash.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "thrash"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "neo-thrash"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*terh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "thrasshen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English thrasshen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "thresshen"
},
"expansion": "thresshen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "threshen"
},
"expansion": "threshen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "thresh"
},
"expansion": "thresh",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "þrescan"
},
"expansion": "Old English þrescan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þreskaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þreskaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "dreskan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German dreskan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "þreskja"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse þreskja",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English thrasshen, a dialectal variant of thresshen, threshen (whence the modern English thresh), from Old English þrescan, from Proto-Germanic *þreskaną, whence also Old High German dreskan, Old Norse þreskja.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "thrashes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "thrash (countable and uncountable, plural thrashes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1918, Henry Adams, The Education of Henry Adams",
"text": "Even among friends at the dinner-table he talked as though he were denouncing them, or someone else, on a platform; he measured his phrases, built his sentences, cumulated his effects, and pounded his opponents, real or imagined. His humor was glow, like iron at dull heat; his blow was elementary, like the thrash of a whale.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1934 May, Robert E. Howard, “Queen of the Black Coast”, in Weird Tales",
"text": "As he reeled on wide-braced legs, sobbing for breath, the jungle and the moon swimming bloodily to his sight, the thrash of bat-wings was loud in his ears.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2016, Clark Nida, The Titan Kiss",
"text": "Spinning full-circle, the aircraft careered out of control. It bounced twice on the waves, each time managing to free itself from the engulfing spray with vigorous thrashes of its one good wing.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A beat or blow; the sound of beating."
],
"id": "en-thrash-en-noun-cgec-8gd",
"links": [
[
"beat",
"beat"
],
[
"blow",
"blow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) A beat or blow; the sound of beating."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "thrash metal"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Musical genres",
"orig": "en:Musical genres",
"parents": [
"Genres",
"Music",
"Entertainment",
"Art",
"Sound",
"Culture",
"Energy",
"Society",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 29 11 11 1 18 7 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 42 7 9 1 13 7 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Ellipsis of thrash metal."
],
"id": "en-thrash-en-noun-NujC8Fjd",
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"thrash metal",
"thrash metal#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(music, uncountable) Ellipsis of thrash metal."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"ellipsis",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θɹæʃ/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-æʃ"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-thrash.wav",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "thrash"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *terh₁-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/æʃ",
"Rhymes:English/æʃ/1 syllable",
"en:Violence"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "thrash about"
},
{
"word": "thrashel"
},
{
"word": "thrasher"
},
{
"word": "thrash out"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*terh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "thrasshen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English thrasshen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "thresshen"
},
"expansion": "thresshen",
"name": "m"
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{
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"2": "threshen"
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"expansion": "threshen",
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{
"args": {
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"2": "thresh"
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"expansion": "thresh",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "þrescan"
},
"expansion": "Old English þrescan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þreskaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þreskaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "dreskan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German dreskan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "þreskja"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse þreskja",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English thrasshen, a dialectal variant of thresshen, threshen (whence the modern English thresh), from Old English þrescan, from Proto-Germanic *þreskaną, whence also Old High German dreskan, Old Norse þreskja.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "thrashes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thrashing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thrashed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "thrashed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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"args": {},
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}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1979 November 30, Roger Waters (lyrics and music), “The Happiest Days of Our Lives”, in The Wall, performed by Pink Floy",
"text": "But in the town it was well known, when they got home at night, their fat and psychopathic wives would thrash them within inches of their lives.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2023 February 22, Howard Johnston, “Southern '313s': is the end now in sight?”, in RAIL, number 977, page 42",
"text": "The rural Midland & Great Northern backwaters from Norfolk to Leicester closed in February 1959 before they could be used there, and thrashing them on the GN main line instead resulted in a memorably poor ride and rattling windows, caused by vibration from their engines and suspect suspension.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To beat mercilessly."
],
"links": [
[
"beat",
"beat"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2011 January 8, Paul Fletcher, “Stevenage 3 - 1 Newcastle”, in BBC",
"text": "Pardew made five changes to the side that thrashed West Ham 5-0 on Wednesday - with players such as James Perch and Alan Smith given the chance to underline their case for a regular starting berth.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To defeat utterly."
],
"links": [
[
"defeat",
"defeat"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To thresh."
],
"links": [
[
"thresh",
"thresh"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1690, Juvenal, “The Tenth Satire of Juvenal”, in John Dryden, transl., John Dryden: The Major Works, Oxford University Press, published 1987, page 364",
"text": "I rather would be Maevius, thrash for rhymes, / Like his, the scorn and scandal of the times.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2023, Britney Spears, The Woman in Me, Simon and Schuster",
"text": "As performers, we girls have our hair. That's the real thing guys want to see. They love to see the long hair move. They want you to thrash it.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To move about wildly or violently; to flail; to labour."
],
"links": [
[
"flail",
"flail"
],
[
"labour",
"labour"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Software"
],
"glosses": [
"To extensively test a software system, giving a program various inputs and observing the behavior and outputs that result."
],
"links": [
[
"software",
"software"
],
[
"test",
"test"
],
[
"system",
"system"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(software) To extensively test a software system, giving a program various inputs and observing the behavior and outputs that result."
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences",
"software"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Computing"
],
"glosses": [
"In computer architecture, to cause or undergo poor performance of a virtual memory (or paging) system."
],
"links": [
[
"computing",
"computing#Noun"
],
[
"computer",
"computer"
],
[
"architecture",
"architecture"
],
[
"performance",
"performance"
],
[
"virtual memory",
"virtual memory"
],
[
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"paging"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(computing) In computer architecture, to cause or undergo poor performance of a virtual memory (or paging) system."
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θɹæʃ/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-æʃ"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-thrash.wav",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "naperdašvam",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "напердашвам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "prebivam",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "пребивам"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "tæske"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "afranselen"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "draŝi"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "peksma"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "pieksää"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "passer à tabac"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "rosser"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "schlagen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "dreschen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "zusammenschlagen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "eindreschen"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "greasáil"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "gread"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "liúr"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "infierire"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "sferzare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "percuotere"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "bastonare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "picchiare"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "dêgraîssi"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "molotítʹ",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "молоти́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kolotítʹ",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "колоти́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "lupítʹ",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "лупи́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dolbitʹ",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "долбить"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "buail"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "mlatiti"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "mlátiť"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "tĺcť"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "vapulear"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "spöa"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "spöa upp"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "ge stryk"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"word": "klå"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "lupcjuváty",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "лупцюва́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "motlošýty",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "мотлоши́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "čuxráty",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "чухра́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "dubásyty",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дуба́сити"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "lupýty",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "лупи́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "hamsélyty",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "гамсе́лити"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "holómšyty",
"sense": "to beat mercilessly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "голо́мшити"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to defeat utterly",
"word": "rökittää"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to defeat utterly",
"word": "besiegen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to defeat utterly",
"word": "zerstören"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to defeat utterly",
"word": "vernichten"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to defeat utterly",
"word": "annientare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to defeat utterly",
"word": "sconfiggere"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to defeat utterly",
"word": "travolgere"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "to defeat utterly",
"word": "rosser"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razgromítʹ",
"sense": "to defeat utterly",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "разгроми́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razbítʹ",
"sense": "to defeat utterly",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "разби́ть"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to defeat utterly",
"word": "rozdrviť"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to defeat utterly",
"word": "spöa"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to defeat utterly",
"word": "klå"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "roztroščýty",
"sense": "to defeat utterly",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "розтрощи́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rozhromýty",
"sense": "to defeat utterly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "розгроми́ти"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "software: to extensively test a software system",
"word": "koeajaa perin pohjin"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "software: to extensively test a software system",
"word": "testata perin pohjin"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "molotítʹ",
"sense": "software: to extensively test a software system",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "молоти́ть"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "computing: to cause poor performance of a virtual memory",
"word": "ruuhkautua"
}
],
"word": "thrash"
}
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"categories": [
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"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *terh₁-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/æʃ",
"Rhymes:English/æʃ/1 syllable",
"en:Violence"
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"derived": [
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"etymology_templates": [
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"3": "*terh₁-"
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"name": "root"
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"name": "inh"
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{
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"name": "m"
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"expansion": "threshen",
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"expansion": "thresh",
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{
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"expansion": "Old English þrescan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þreskaną"
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"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þreskaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "dreskan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German dreskan",
"name": "cog"
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{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "þreskja"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse þreskja",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English thrasshen, a dialectal variant of thresshen, threshen (whence the modern English thresh), from Old English þrescan, from Proto-Germanic *þreskaną, whence also Old High German dreskan, Old Norse þreskja.",
"forms": [
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"tags": [
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"head_templates": [
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"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "thrash (countable and uncountable, plural thrashes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1918, Henry Adams, The Education of Henry Adams",
"text": "Even among friends at the dinner-table he talked as though he were denouncing them, or someone else, on a platform; he measured his phrases, built his sentences, cumulated his effects, and pounded his opponents, real or imagined. His humor was glow, like iron at dull heat; his blow was elementary, like the thrash of a whale.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1934 May, Robert E. Howard, “Queen of the Black Coast”, in Weird Tales",
"text": "As he reeled on wide-braced legs, sobbing for breath, the jungle and the moon swimming bloodily to his sight, the thrash of bat-wings was loud in his ears.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2016, Clark Nida, The Titan Kiss",
"text": "Spinning full-circle, the aircraft careered out of control. It bounced twice on the waves, each time managing to free itself from the engulfing spray with vigorous thrashes of its one good wing.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A beat or blow; the sound of beating."
],
"links": [
[
"beat",
"beat"
],
[
"blow",
"blow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) A beat or blow; the sound of beating."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "thrash metal"
}
],
"categories": [
"English ellipses",
"English uncountable nouns",
"en:Musical genres"
],
"glosses": [
"Ellipsis of thrash metal."
],
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"thrash metal",
"thrash metal#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(music, uncountable) Ellipsis of thrash metal."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"ellipsis",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θɹæʃ/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-æʃ"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-thrash.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d6/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thrash.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thrash.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d6/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thrash.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thrash.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "thrash"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.