See standard language in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "standard languages",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "standard language (plural standard languages)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"word": "literary language"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"word": "Modern Standard Arabic"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"word": "Standard English"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard"
],
"word": "Standard Chinese"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"word": "Standard German"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Sociolinguistics",
"orig": "en:Sociolinguistics",
"parents": [
"Linguistics",
"Sociology",
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2014, Stephan Elspaß, Prescriptive norms and norms of usage in nineteenth-century German, University of Salzburg [Gijsbert Rutten, Rik Vosters, Wim Vandenbussche, Norms and Usage in Language History, 1600–1900: A sociolinguistic and comparative perspective, John Benjamins Publishing Company] p. 303",
"text": "In modern standard languages, norms of usage often seem to be superimposed by prescriptive norms."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A form of a language that is institutionally promoted, regarded as the most \"correct\" or neutral variety; used by a population for public and formal purposes."
],
"id": "en-standard_language-en-noun-jjELGQWL",
"links": [
[
"sociolinguistics",
"sociolinguistics"
],
[
"language",
"language"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sociolinguistics) A form of a language that is institutionally promoted, regarded as the most \"correct\" or neutral variety; used by a population for public and formal purposes."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "standard"
},
{
"word": "standard dialect"
},
{
"word": "standard variety"
}
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences",
"social-science",
"sociolinguistics",
"sociology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Sociolinguistics",
"orig": "en:Sociolinguistics",
"parents": [
"Linguistics",
"Sociology",
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "29 71",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 77",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 76",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 77",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 73",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Basque translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 74",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 70",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bengali translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 73",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 67",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 74",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 77",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 70",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 74",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 74",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 73",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kalmyk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kazakh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 73",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malay translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 73",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 70",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 73",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 73",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 70",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1978, James E. Alatis, International Dimensions of Bilingual Education, Georgetown University Press, page xii:",
"text": "Some remain clusters of dialects like those of the Pamirs; others are at varying levels of stabilisation; some may be young standard languages, having only recently achieved that status; [...]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1994, Suzanne Romaine, Language in Society: An Introduction to Sociolinguistics, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 85:",
"text": "Not all standard languages have the backing of institutions such as the Académie française. English is a good example of a standard language without such a regulatory body.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A language that has a standard form as one of its varieties; a language that has undergone standardization."
],
"id": "en-standard_language-en-noun-D~9v-4Vm",
"links": [
[
"sociolinguistics",
"sociolinguistics"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sociolinguistics) A language that has a standard form as one of its varieties; a language that has undergone standardization."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "standardized language"
}
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences",
"social-science",
"sociolinguistics",
"sociology"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "30 70",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "standardized language",
"word": "standaardtaal"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 70",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "standardized language",
"word": "gestandaardiseerde taal"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 70",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "prômitô bhaśa",
"sense": "standardized language",
"word": "প্রমিত ভাষা"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 70",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "standardized language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "język standardowy"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 70",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "standardized language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "język literacki"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 70",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "standártnyj jazýk",
"sense": "standardized language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "станда́ртный язы́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 70",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "standardized language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lengua estándar"
}
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "standaardtaal"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "muʕīra luḡa",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "معيرة لغة"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "standart dil"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "ədəbi dil"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "hizkuntza estandar"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "standartnaja móva",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "стандартная мова"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "litaraturnaja móva",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "літаратурная мова"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "narmatyŭnaja móva",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "нарматыўная мова"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "kulʹturnaja móva",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "культурная мова"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "prômitô bhaśa",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "প্রমিত ভাষা"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "standarten ezik",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "стандартен език"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "literaturen ezik",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "литературен език"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "knižoven ezik",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "книжовен език"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "標準語言"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "标准语言"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "standardní jazyk"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spisovný jazyk"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "standaardtaal"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "yleiskieli"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "kirjakieli"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "standardikieli"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "langue standard"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Standardsprache"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Ausbausprache"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"especially",
"feminine",
"literary"
],
"word": "Schriftsprache"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Einheitssprache"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Hochsprache"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Gemeinsprache"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Literatursprache"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "sztenderd nyelvváltozat"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "sztenderd nyelv"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "művelt köznyelv"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "sztenderd"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "irodalmi nyelv"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "bahasa baku"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "bahasa standar"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lingua standard"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hyōjungo",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "標準語"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "xal",
"lang": "Kalmyk",
"roman": "bärmj keln",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "бәрмҗ келн"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "ädebi tıl",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "әдеби тіл"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "pyojuneo",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "표준어"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "standarta valoda"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "literārā valoda"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bendrinė kalba"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "standartinė kalba"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bendroji kalba"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "literatūrinė kalba"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "standarden jazik",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "стандарден јазик"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "literaturen jazik",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "литературен јазик"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "bahasa baku"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "bahasa piawai"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "bahasa standard"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "język ogólny"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "język standardowy"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "język literacki"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dialekt kulturalny"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "narzecze ogólne"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "língua padrão"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "língua-padrão"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "limbă standard"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "standártnyj jazýk",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "станда́ртный язы́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "literatúrnyj jazýk",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "литерату́рный язы́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "normatívnyj jazýk",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "нормати́вный язы́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kulʹtúrnyj jazýk",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "культу́рный язы́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "стандардни језик"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "књижевни језик"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "стандардни идиом"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "standardni jezik"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "književni jezik"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "standardni idiom"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "štandardný jazyk"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spisovný jazyk"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "standardni jezik"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "knjižni jezik"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lengua estándar"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "standardspråk"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "riksspråk"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "högspråk"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "standart dil"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "ölçünlü dil"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "literaturna mova",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "літературна мова"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "standartna mova",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "стандартна мова"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "normatyvna mova",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "нормативна мова"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kulʹturna mova",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "культурна мова"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "tiếng chuẩn"
}
],
"word": "standard language"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English multiword terms",
"English nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bengali translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kalmyk translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "standard languages",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "standard language (plural standard languages)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "literary language"
},
{
"word": "Modern Standard Arabic"
},
{
"word": "Standard English"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard"
],
"word": "Standard Chinese"
},
{
"word": "Standard German"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Sociolinguistics"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2014, Stephan Elspaß, Prescriptive norms and norms of usage in nineteenth-century German, University of Salzburg [Gijsbert Rutten, Rik Vosters, Wim Vandenbussche, Norms and Usage in Language History, 1600–1900: A sociolinguistic and comparative perspective, John Benjamins Publishing Company] p. 303",
"text": "In modern standard languages, norms of usage often seem to be superimposed by prescriptive norms."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A form of a language that is institutionally promoted, regarded as the most \"correct\" or neutral variety; used by a population for public and formal purposes."
],
"links": [
[
"sociolinguistics",
"sociolinguistics"
],
[
"language",
"language"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sociolinguistics) A form of a language that is institutionally promoted, regarded as the most \"correct\" or neutral variety; used by a population for public and formal purposes."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "standard"
},
{
"word": "standard dialect"
},
{
"word": "standard variety"
}
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences",
"social-science",
"sociolinguistics",
"sociology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Sociolinguistics"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1978, James E. Alatis, International Dimensions of Bilingual Education, Georgetown University Press, page xii:",
"text": "Some remain clusters of dialects like those of the Pamirs; others are at varying levels of stabilisation; some may be young standard languages, having only recently achieved that status; [...]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1994, Suzanne Romaine, Language in Society: An Introduction to Sociolinguistics, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 85:",
"text": "Not all standard languages have the backing of institutions such as the Académie française. English is a good example of a standard language without such a regulatory body.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A language that has a standard form as one of its varieties; a language that has undergone standardization."
],
"links": [
[
"sociolinguistics",
"sociolinguistics"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sociolinguistics) A language that has a standard form as one of its varieties; a language that has undergone standardization."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "standardized language"
}
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences",
"social-science",
"sociolinguistics",
"sociology"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "standaardtaal"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "standaardtaal"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "muʕīra luḡa",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "معيرة لغة"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "standart dil"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "ədəbi dil"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "hizkuntza estandar"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "standartnaja móva",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "стандартная мова"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "litaraturnaja móva",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "літаратурная мова"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "narmatyŭnaja móva",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "нарматыўная мова"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "kulʹturnaja móva",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "культурная мова"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "prômitô bhaśa",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "প্রমিত ভাষা"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "standarten ezik",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "стандартен език"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "literaturen ezik",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "литературен език"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "knižoven ezik",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "книжовен език"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "標準語言"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "标准语言"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "standardní jazyk"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spisovný jazyk"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "standaardtaal"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "yleiskieli"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "kirjakieli"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "standardikieli"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "langue standard"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Standardsprache"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Ausbausprache"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"especially",
"feminine",
"literary"
],
"word": "Schriftsprache"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Einheitssprache"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Hochsprache"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Gemeinsprache"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Literatursprache"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "sztenderd nyelvváltozat"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "sztenderd nyelv"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "művelt köznyelv"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "sztenderd"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "irodalmi nyelv"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "bahasa baku"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "bahasa standar"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lingua standard"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hyōjungo",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "標準語"
},
{
"code": "xal",
"lang": "Kalmyk",
"roman": "bärmj keln",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "бәрмҗ келн"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "ädebi tıl",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "әдеби тіл"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "pyojuneo",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "표준어"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "standarta valoda"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "literārā valoda"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bendrinė kalba"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "standartinė kalba"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bendroji kalba"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "literatūrinė kalba"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "standarden jazik",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "стандарден јазик"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "literaturen jazik",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "литературен јазик"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "bahasa baku"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "bahasa piawai"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "bahasa standard"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "język ogólny"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "język standardowy"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "język literacki"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dialekt kulturalny"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "narzecze ogólne"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "língua padrão"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "língua-padrão"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "limbă standard"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "standártnyj jazýk",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "станда́ртный язы́к"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "literatúrnyj jazýk",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "литерату́рный язы́к"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "normatívnyj jazýk",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "нормати́вный язы́к"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kulʹtúrnyj jazýk",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "культу́рный язы́к"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "стандардни језик"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "књижевни језик"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "стандардни идиом"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "standardni jezik"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "književni jezik"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "standardni idiom"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "štandardný jazyk"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spisovný jazyk"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "standardni jezik"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "knjižni jezik"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lengua estándar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "standardspråk"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "riksspråk"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "högspråk"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "standart dil"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "ölçünlü dil"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "literaturna mova",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "літературна мова"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "standartna mova",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "стандартна мова"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "normatyvna mova",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "нормативна мова"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kulʹturna mova",
"sense": "standard variety",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "культурна мова"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "standard variety",
"word": "tiếng chuẩn"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "standardized language",
"word": "standaardtaal"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "standardized language",
"word": "gestandaardiseerde taal"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "prômitô bhaśa",
"sense": "standardized language",
"word": "প্রমিত ভাষা"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "standardized language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "język standardowy"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "standardized language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "język literacki"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "standártnyj jazýk",
"sense": "standardized language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "станда́ртный язы́к"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "standardized language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lengua estándar"
}
],
"word": "standard language"
}
Download raw JSONL data for standard language meaning in English (15.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.