"sophisticated" meaning in English

See sophisticated in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

Forms: more sophisticated [comparative], most sophisticated [superlative]
Etymology: First English usage circa 1601. From Medieval Latin sophisticatus. Etymology templates: {{der|en|ML.|-}} Medieval Latin Head templates: {{en-adj}} sophisticated (comparative more sophisticated, superlative most sophisticated)
  1. Of a person: having obtained worldly experience, and lacking naiveté; cosmopolitan, worldly-wise. Categories (topical): Personality Synonyms: sophisticate, worldly Translations (having obtained worldly experience): изкушен (izkušen) (Bulgarian), sofisticat (Catalan), 有经验的 (Chinese Mandarin), wereldwijs (Dutch), hienostunut (Finnish), cosmopolite (French), erfahren (German), weltgewandt (German), kultiviert (German), έμπειρος (émpeiros) (Greek), πολύπειρος (polýpeiros) (Greek), sofisticato (Italian), urbānus (Latin), запознаен (zapoznaen) (Macedonian), способен (sposoben) (Macedonian), искусен (iskusen) (Macedonian), mātanga (Maori), sofistikert (Norwegian Bokmål), sofistikert (Norwegian Nynorsk), obyty (Polish), sofisticado (Portuguese), sofisticat (Romanian), искушённый (iskušónnyj) (Russian), умудрённый (umudrjónnyj) (Russian), о́пытный (ópytnyj) (Russian), sofisticiran (Serbo-Croatian), prefinjen (Serbo-Croatian), iskusan (Serbo-Croatian), vješt (Serbo-Croatian), de mundo (Spanish), sofisticado (Spanish), världsvan (Swedish), erfaren (Swedish), kozmopolit (Turkish)
    Sense id: en-sophisticated-en-adj-3TT15N01 Disambiguation of Personality: 41 21 0 15 14 8 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Terms with Ancient Greek translations, Terms with Belarusian translations, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Korean translations, Terms with Latin translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Maori translations, Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations, Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations, Terms with Persian translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations, Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Turkish translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 46 9 16 17 5 6 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 61 8 9 7 6 9 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 55 16 8 10 4 7 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 72 5 6 6 4 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Ancient Greek translations: 43 11 15 12 9 9 Disambiguation of Terms with Belarusian translations: 51 12 7 11 9 10 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 50 12 6 12 9 10 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 51 12 7 11 9 10 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 49 17 6 10 8 9 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 59 8 10 8 6 10 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 51 12 7 11 9 10 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 56 8 10 10 6 10 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 59 8 9 9 7 8 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 51 8 17 11 5 8 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 46 17 9 11 8 9 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 67 6 7 7 5 8 Disambiguation of Terms with Korean translations: 51 12 7 11 9 10 Disambiguation of Terms with Latin translations: 67 6 7 7 5 8 Disambiguation of Terms with Macedonian translations: 48 18 4 10 9 10 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 49 10 16 13 5 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Maori translations: 51 12 7 11 9 10 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations: 48 13 7 11 10 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations: 78 5 3 6 4 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Persian translations: 49 18 4 10 9 10 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 44 15 7 15 8 10 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 49 18 4 10 9 10 Disambiguation of Terms with Romanian translations: 51 12 7 11 9 10 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 68 6 7 7 5 7 Disambiguation of Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations: 50 13 7 11 10 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations: 49 18 5 10 9 10 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 68 6 7 8 4 7 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 52 12 7 10 9 10 Disambiguation of Terms with Turkish translations: 51 12 7 10 9 10 Disambiguation of 'having obtained worldly experience': 80 4 3 4 10
  2. Of art or other things: appealing to the tastes of an intellectual or sophisticated (sense 1) person; cerebral; also, cultured, elegant, refined. Synonyms: sophisticate Translations (appealing to the tastes of an intellectual): изтънчен (iztǎnčen) (Bulgarian), 精炼的 (Chinese Mandarin), hienostunut (Finnish), sivistynyt (Finnish), sophistiqué (French), raffiniert (German), εγκεφαλικός (egkefalikós) (Greek), sofisticato (Italian), префинет (prefinet) (Macedonian), истанчен (istančen) (Macedonian), mātanga (Maori), sofistikert (Norwegian Bokmål), sofistikert (Norwegian Nynorsk), wyszukany (Polish), wyrafinowany (Polish), wymyślny (Polish), sofisticado (Portuguese), rafinat (Romanian), elegant (Romanian), sofisticat (Romanian), утончённый (utončónnyj) (Russian), изощрённый (izoščrjónnyj) (Russian), refinado (Spanish), elegante (Spanish), sofisticado (Spanish), sofistikerad (Swedish), raffinerad (Swedish), sofistike (Turkish) Translations (elegant, refined): ἀστεῖος (asteîos) (Ancient Greek), рафиниран (rafiniran) (Bulgarian), gesofisticeerd (Dutch), chic (French), raffiné (French), mondain (French), sophistiqué (French), kultiviert (German), raffiniert (German), κομψός (kompsós) (Greek), εκλεπτυσμένος (ekleptysménos) (Greek), kifinomult (Hungarian), urbānus (Latin), префинет (prefinet) (Macedonian), рафиниран (rafiniran) (Macedonian), отмен (otmen) (Macedonian), sofisticado (Portuguese), requintado (Portuguese), rafine (Turkish), sofistike (Turkish), şık (Turkish)
    Sense id: en-sophisticated-en-adj-xm9I1F9m Disambiguation of 'appealing to the tastes of an intellectual': 14 72 3 6 6 Disambiguation of 'elegant, refined': 19 60 6 9 7
  3. Complicated, especially of complex technology. Translations (complicated, especially of technology): πολύπλοκος (polúplokos) (Ancient Greek), мудрагелісты (mudrahjelisty) (Belarusian), усложнен (usložnen) (Bulgarian), комплициран (kompliciran) (Bulgarian), 先进的 (Chinese Mandarin), sofistikovaný (Czech), geperfectioneerd (Dutch), monimutkainen (Finnish), sophistiqué (French), hochentwickelt (German), raffiniert (German), ausgeklügelt (German), σύνθετος (sýnthetos) (Greek), πολύπλοκος (polýplokos) (Greek), kifinomult (Hungarian), sofisticato (Italian), 정교한 (jeonggyohan) (Korean), сложен (složen) (Macedonian), marutuna (Maori), sofistikert (Norwegian Bokmål), sofistikert (Norwegian Nynorsk), پیشرفته (piš-rafte) (Persian), złożony (Polish), skomplikowany (Polish), sofisticado (Portuguese), sofisticat (Romanian), complicat (Romanian), сло́жный (slóžnyj) (Russian), мудрёный (mudrjónyj) (Russian), замыслова́тый (zamyslovátyj) (Russian), sofisticado (Spanish), complejo (Spanish), complicado (Spanish), elaborado (Spanish), sofistikerad (Swedish), komplike (Turkish)
    Sense id: en-sophisticated-en-adj-zpl9gn55 Disambiguation of 'complicated, especially of technology': 7 4 80 5 4
  4. (obsolete)
    Mixed with a foreign or inferior substance; not genuine or pure; unrefined, adulterated, impure.
    Tags: obsolete Synonyms: sophisticate
    Sense id: en-sophisticated-en-adj-3Ery9Mzl
  5. (obsolete)
    Of a thing: having its meaning changed in a deceptive or misleading way.
    Tags: obsolete Synonyms: sophisticate
    Sense id: en-sophisticated-en-adj-SR~y3ZYp
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: pseudo-sophisticated, sophisticated falsificationism Related terms: sophisticate, sophist, sophistry, philosophy

Verb

Etymology: First English usage circa 1601. From Medieval Latin sophisticatus. Etymology templates: {{der|en|ML.|-}} Medieval Latin Head templates: {{head|en|verb form}} sophisticated
  1. simple past and past participle of sophisticate Tags: form-of, participle, past Form of: sophisticate
    Sense id: en-sophisticated-en-verb-66Rphmj0
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  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "more sophisticated",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most sophisticated",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
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  "pos": "adj",
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      "word": "sophisticate"
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      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "sophist"
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    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "sophistry"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "philosophy"
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          "kind": "topical",
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          "name": "Personality",
          "orig": "en:Personality",
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            "Mind",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
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        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Of a person: having obtained worldly experience, and lacking naiveté; cosmopolitan, worldly-wise."
      ],
      "id": "en-sophisticated-en-adj-3TT15N01",
      "links": [
        [
          "person",
          "person#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "having",
          "have#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "obtain",
          "obtain"
        ],
        [
          "worldly",
          "worldly"
        ],
        [
          "experience",
          "experience#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "lacking",
          "lack#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "naiveté",
          "naiveté"
        ],
        [
          "cosmopolitan",
          "cosmopolitan#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "worldly-wise",
          "worldly-wise"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "sophisticate"
        },
        {
          "word": "worldly"
        }
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "80 4 3 4 10",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "izkušen",
          "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
          "word": "изкушен"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "80 4 3 4 10",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
          "word": "sofisticat"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "80 4 3 4 10",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
          "word": "有经验的"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "80 4 3 4 10",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
          "word": "wereldwijs"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "80 4 3 4 10",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
          "word": "hienostunut"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "80 4 3 4 10",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
          "word": "cosmopolite"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "80 4 3 4 10",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
          "word": "erfahren"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "80 4 3 4 10",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
          "word": "weltgewandt"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "80 4 3 4 10",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
          "word": "kultiviert"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "80 4 3 4 10",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "émpeiros",
          "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
          "word": "έμπειρος"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "80 4 3 4 10",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "polýpeiros",
          "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
          "word": "πολύπειρος"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "80 4 3 4 10",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
          "word": "sofisticato"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "80 4 3 4 10",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
          "word": "urbānus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "80 4 3 4 10",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "zapoznaen",
          "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
          "word": "запознаен"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "80 4 3 4 10",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "sposoben",
          "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
          "word": "способен"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "80 4 3 4 10",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "iskusen",
          "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
          "word": "искусен"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "80 4 3 4 10",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
          "word": "mātanga"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "80 4 3 4 10",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
          "word": "sofistikert"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "80 4 3 4 10",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
          "word": "sofistikert"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "80 4 3 4 10",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
          "word": "obyty"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "80 4 3 4 10",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
          "word": "sofisticado"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "80 4 3 4 10",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
          "word": "sofisticat"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "80 4 3 4 10",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "iskušónnyj",
          "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
          "word": "искушённый"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "80 4 3 4 10",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "umudrjónnyj",
          "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
          "word": "умудрённый"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "80 4 3 4 10",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "ópytnyj",
          "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
          "word": "о́пытный"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "80 4 3 4 10",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
          "word": "sofisticiran"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "80 4 3 4 10",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
          "word": "prefinjen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "80 4 3 4 10",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
          "word": "iskusan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "80 4 3 4 10",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
          "word": "vješt"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "80 4 3 4 10",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
          "word": "de mundo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "80 4 3 4 10",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
          "word": "sofisticado"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "80 4 3 4 10",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
          "word": "världsvan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "80 4 3 4 10",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
          "word": "erfaren"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "80 4 3 4 10",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
          "word": "kozmopolit"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Of art or other things: appealing to the tastes of an intellectual or sophisticated (sense 1) person; cerebral; also, cultured, elegant, refined."
      ],
      "id": "en-sophisticated-en-adj-xm9I1F9m",
      "links": [
        [
          "art",
          "art#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "thing",
          "thing"
        ],
        [
          "appealing",
          "appealing#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "tastes",
          "taste#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "intellectual",
          "intellectual#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "cerebral",
          "cerebral"
        ],
        [
          "cultured",
          "cultured#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "elegant",
          "elegant"
        ],
        [
          "refined",
          "refined#Adjective"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "sophisticate"
        }
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "19 60 6 9 7",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "rafiniran",
          "sense": "elegant, refined",
          "word": "рафиниран"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 60 6 9 7",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "elegant, refined",
          "word": "gesofisticeerd"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 60 6 9 7",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "elegant, refined",
          "word": "chic"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 60 6 9 7",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "elegant, refined",
          "word": "raffiné"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 60 6 9 7",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "elegant, refined",
          "word": "mondain"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 60 6 9 7",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "elegant, refined",
          "word": "sophistiqué"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 60 6 9 7",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "elegant, refined",
          "word": "kultiviert"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 60 6 9 7",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "elegant, refined",
          "word": "raffiniert"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 60 6 9 7",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "kompsós",
          "sense": "elegant, refined",
          "word": "κομψός"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 60 6 9 7",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "ekleptysménos",
          "sense": "elegant, refined",
          "word": "εκλεπτυσμένος"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 60 6 9 7",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "asteîos",
          "sense": "elegant, refined",
          "word": "ἀστεῖος"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 60 6 9 7",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "elegant, refined",
          "word": "kifinomult"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 60 6 9 7",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "elegant, refined",
          "word": "urbānus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 60 6 9 7",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "prefinet",
          "sense": "elegant, refined",
          "word": "префинет"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 60 6 9 7",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "rafiniran",
          "sense": "elegant, refined",
          "word": "рафиниран"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 60 6 9 7",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "otmen",
          "sense": "elegant, refined",
          "word": "отмен"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 60 6 9 7",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "elegant, refined",
          "word": "sofisticado"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 60 6 9 7",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "elegant, refined",
          "word": "requintado"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 60 6 9 7",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "elegant, refined",
          "word": "rafine"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 60 6 9 7",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "elegant, refined",
          "word": "sofistike"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 60 6 9 7",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "elegant, refined",
          "word": "şık"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 72 3 6 6",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "iztǎnčen",
          "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
          "word": "изтънчен"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 72 3 6 6",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
          "word": "精炼的"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 72 3 6 6",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
          "word": "hienostunut"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 72 3 6 6",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
          "word": "sivistynyt"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 72 3 6 6",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
          "word": "sophistiqué"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 72 3 6 6",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
          "word": "raffiniert"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 72 3 6 6",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "egkefalikós",
          "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
          "word": "εγκεφαλικός"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 72 3 6 6",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
          "word": "sofisticato"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 72 3 6 6",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "prefinet",
          "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
          "word": "префинет"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 72 3 6 6",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "istančen",
          "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
          "word": "истанчен"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 72 3 6 6",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
          "word": "mātanga"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 72 3 6 6",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
          "word": "sofistikert"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 72 3 6 6",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
          "word": "sofistikert"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 72 3 6 6",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
          "word": "wyszukany"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 72 3 6 6",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
          "word": "wyrafinowany"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 72 3 6 6",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
          "word": "wymyślny"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 72 3 6 6",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
          "word": "sofisticado"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 72 3 6 6",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
          "word": "rafinat"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 72 3 6 6",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
          "word": "elegant"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 72 3 6 6",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
          "word": "sofisticat"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 72 3 6 6",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "utončónnyj",
          "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
          "word": "утончённый"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 72 3 6 6",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "izoščrjónnyj",
          "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
          "word": "изощрённый"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 72 3 6 6",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
          "word": "refinado"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 72 3 6 6",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
          "word": "elegante"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 72 3 6 6",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
          "word": "sofisticado"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 72 3 6 6",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
          "word": "sofistikerad"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 72 3 6 6",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
          "word": "raffinerad"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 72 3 6 6",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
          "word": "sofistike"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Complicated, especially of complex technology."
      ],
      "id": "en-sophisticated-en-adj-zpl9gn55",
      "links": [
        [
          "Complicated",
          "complicated#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "complex",
          "complex#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "technology",
          "technology"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 80 5 4",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "mudrahjelisty",
          "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
          "word": "мудрагелісты"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 80 5 4",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "usložnen",
          "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
          "word": "усложнен"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 80 5 4",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "kompliciran",
          "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
          "word": "комплициран"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 80 5 4",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
          "word": "先进的"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 80 5 4",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
          "word": "sofistikovaný"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 80 5 4",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
          "word": "geperfectioneerd"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 80 5 4",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
          "word": "monimutkainen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 80 5 4",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
          "word": "sophistiqué"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 80 5 4",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
          "word": "hochentwickelt"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 80 5 4",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
          "word": "raffiniert"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 80 5 4",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
          "word": "ausgeklügelt"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 80 5 4",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "sýnthetos",
          "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
          "word": "σύνθετος"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 80 5 4",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "polýplokos",
          "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
          "word": "πολύπλοκος"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 80 5 4",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "polúplokos",
          "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
          "word": "πολύπλοκος"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 80 5 4",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
          "word": "kifinomult"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 80 5 4",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
          "word": "sofisticato"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 80 5 4",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "jeonggyohan",
          "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
          "word": "정교한"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 80 5 4",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "složen",
          "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
          "word": "сложен"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 80 5 4",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
          "word": "marutuna"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 80 5 4",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
          "word": "sofistikert"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 80 5 4",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
          "word": "sofistikert"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 80 5 4",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "piš-rafte",
          "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
          "word": "پیشرفته"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 80 5 4",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
          "word": "złożony"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 80 5 4",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
          "word": "skomplikowany"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 80 5 4",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
          "word": "sofisticado"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 80 5 4",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
          "word": "sofisticat"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 80 5 4",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
          "word": "complicat"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 80 5 4",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "slóžnyj",
          "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
          "word": "сло́жный"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 80 5 4",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "mudrjónyj",
          "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
          "word": "мудрёный"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 80 5 4",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "zamyslovátyj",
          "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
          "word": "замыслова́тый"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 80 5 4",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
          "word": "sofisticado"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 80 5 4",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
          "word": "complejo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 80 5 4",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
          "word": "complicado"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 80 5 4",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
          "word": "elaborado"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 80 5 4",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
          "word": "sofistikerad"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 80 5 4",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
          "word": "komplike"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "Mixed with a foreign or inferior substance; not genuine or pure; unrefined, adulterated, impure."
      ],
      "id": "en-sophisticated-en-adj-3Ery9Mzl",
      "links": [
        [
          "Mixed",
          "mix#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "foreign",
          "foreign#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "inferior",
          "inferior#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "substance",
          "substance#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "genuine",
          "genuine"
        ],
        [
          "pure",
          "pure#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "unrefined",
          "unrefined"
        ],
        [
          "adulterated",
          "adulterated#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "impure",
          "impure#Adjective"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete)",
        "Mixed with a foreign or inferior substance; not genuine or pure; unrefined, adulterated, impure."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "sophisticate"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "Of a thing: having its meaning changed in a deceptive or misleading way."
      ],
      "id": "en-sophisticated-en-adj-SR~y3ZYp",
      "links": [
        [
          "meaning",
          "meaning#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "changed",
          "change#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "deceptive",
          "deceptive"
        ],
        [
          "misleading",
          "misleading#Adjective"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete)",
        "Of a thing: having its meaning changed in a deceptive or misleading way."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "sophisticate"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "sophisticated"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ML.",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Medieval Latin",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "First English usage circa 1601. From Medieval Latin sophisticatus.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "sophisticated",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "sophisticate"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "simple past and past participle of sophisticate"
      ],
      "id": "en-sophisticated-en-verb-66Rphmj0",
      "links": [
        [
          "sophisticate",
          "sophisticate#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "sophisticated"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English adjectives",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English non-lemma forms",
    "English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
    "English verb forms",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Requests for review of German translations",
    "Requests for review of Scottish Gaelic translations",
    "Requests for review of Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
    "Terms with Belarusian translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Korean translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Macedonian translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Maori translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
    "Terms with Persian translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Turkish translations",
    "en:Personality"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "pseudo-sophisticated"
    },
    {
      "word": "sophisticated falsificationism"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ML.",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Medieval Latin",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "First English usage circa 1601. From Medieval Latin sophisticatus.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "more sophisticated",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most sophisticated",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "sophisticated (comparative more sophisticated, superlative most sophisticated)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "sophisticate"
    },
    {
      "word": "sophist"
    },
    {
      "word": "sophistry"
    },
    {
      "word": "philosophy"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "provincial"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Of a person: having obtained worldly experience, and lacking naiveté; cosmopolitan, worldly-wise."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "person",
          "person#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "having",
          "have#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "obtain",
          "obtain"
        ],
        [
          "worldly",
          "worldly"
        ],
        [
          "experience",
          "experience#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "lacking",
          "lack#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "naiveté",
          "naiveté"
        ],
        [
          "cosmopolitan",
          "cosmopolitan#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "worldly-wise",
          "worldly-wise"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "sophisticate"
        },
        {
          "word": "worldly"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Of art or other things: appealing to the tastes of an intellectual or sophisticated (sense 1) person; cerebral; also, cultured, elegant, refined."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "art",
          "art#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "thing",
          "thing"
        ],
        [
          "appealing",
          "appealing#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "tastes",
          "taste#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "intellectual",
          "intellectual#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "cerebral",
          "cerebral"
        ],
        [
          "cultured",
          "cultured#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "elegant",
          "elegant"
        ],
        [
          "refined",
          "refined#Adjective"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "sophisticate"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Complicated, especially of complex technology."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Complicated",
          "complicated#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "complex",
          "complex#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "technology",
          "technology"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Mixed with a foreign or inferior substance; not genuine or pure; unrefined, adulterated, impure."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Mixed",
          "mix#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "foreign",
          "foreign#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "inferior",
          "inferior#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "substance",
          "substance#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "genuine",
          "genuine"
        ],
        [
          "pure",
          "pure#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "unrefined",
          "unrefined"
        ],
        [
          "adulterated",
          "adulterated#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "impure",
          "impure#Adjective"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete)",
        "Mixed with a foreign or inferior substance; not genuine or pure; unrefined, adulterated, impure."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "sophisticate"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Of a thing: having its meaning changed in a deceptive or misleading way."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "meaning",
          "meaning#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "changed",
          "change#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "deceptive",
          "deceptive"
        ],
        [
          "misleading",
          "misleading#Adjective"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete)",
        "Of a thing: having its meaning changed in a deceptive or misleading way."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "sophisticate"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "izkušen",
      "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
      "word": "изкушен"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
      "word": "sofisticat"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
      "word": "有经验的"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
      "word": "wereldwijs"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
      "word": "hienostunut"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
      "word": "cosmopolite"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
      "word": "erfahren"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
      "word": "weltgewandt"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
      "word": "kultiviert"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "émpeiros",
      "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
      "word": "έμπειρος"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "polýpeiros",
      "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
      "word": "πολύπειρος"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
      "word": "sofisticato"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
      "word": "urbānus"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "zapoznaen",
      "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
      "word": "запознаен"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "sposoben",
      "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
      "word": "способен"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "iskusen",
      "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
      "word": "искусен"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
      "word": "mātanga"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
      "word": "sofistikert"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
      "word": "sofistikert"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
      "word": "obyty"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
      "word": "sofisticado"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
      "word": "sofisticat"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "iskušónnyj",
      "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
      "word": "искушённый"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "umudrjónnyj",
      "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
      "word": "умудрённый"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "ópytnyj",
      "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
      "word": "о́пытный"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
      "word": "sofisticiran"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
      "word": "prefinjen"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
      "word": "iskusan"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
      "word": "vješt"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
      "word": "de mundo"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
      "word": "sofisticado"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
      "word": "världsvan"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
      "word": "erfaren"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "having obtained worldly experience",
      "word": "kozmopolit"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "rafiniran",
      "sense": "elegant, refined",
      "word": "рафиниран"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "elegant, refined",
      "word": "gesofisticeerd"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "elegant, refined",
      "word": "chic"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "elegant, refined",
      "word": "raffiné"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "elegant, refined",
      "word": "mondain"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "elegant, refined",
      "word": "sophistiqué"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "elegant, refined",
      "word": "kultiviert"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "elegant, refined",
      "word": "raffiniert"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "kompsós",
      "sense": "elegant, refined",
      "word": "κομψός"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "ekleptysménos",
      "sense": "elegant, refined",
      "word": "εκλεπτυσμένος"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "asteîos",
      "sense": "elegant, refined",
      "word": "ἀστεῖος"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "elegant, refined",
      "word": "kifinomult"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "elegant, refined",
      "word": "urbānus"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "prefinet",
      "sense": "elegant, refined",
      "word": "префинет"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "rafiniran",
      "sense": "elegant, refined",
      "word": "рафиниран"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "otmen",
      "sense": "elegant, refined",
      "word": "отмен"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "elegant, refined",
      "word": "sofisticado"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "elegant, refined",
      "word": "requintado"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "elegant, refined",
      "word": "rafine"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "elegant, refined",
      "word": "sofistike"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "elegant, refined",
      "word": "şık"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "mudrahjelisty",
      "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
      "word": "мудрагелісты"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "usložnen",
      "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
      "word": "усложнен"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "kompliciran",
      "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
      "word": "комплициран"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
      "word": "先进的"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
      "word": "sofistikovaný"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
      "word": "geperfectioneerd"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
      "word": "monimutkainen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
      "word": "sophistiqué"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
      "word": "hochentwickelt"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
      "word": "raffiniert"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
      "word": "ausgeklügelt"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "sýnthetos",
      "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
      "word": "σύνθετος"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "polýplokos",
      "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
      "word": "πολύπλοκος"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "polúplokos",
      "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
      "word": "πολύπλοκος"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
      "word": "kifinomult"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
      "word": "sofisticato"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "jeonggyohan",
      "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
      "word": "정교한"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "složen",
      "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
      "word": "сложен"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
      "word": "marutuna"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
      "word": "sofistikert"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
      "word": "sofistikert"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "piš-rafte",
      "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
      "word": "پیشرفته"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
      "word": "złożony"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
      "word": "skomplikowany"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
      "word": "sofisticado"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
      "word": "sofisticat"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
      "word": "complicat"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "slóžnyj",
      "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
      "word": "сло́жный"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "mudrjónyj",
      "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
      "word": "мудрёный"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "zamyslovátyj",
      "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
      "word": "замыслова́тый"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
      "word": "sofisticado"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
      "word": "complejo"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
      "word": "complicado"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
      "word": "elaborado"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
      "word": "sofistikerad"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "complicated, especially of technology",
      "word": "komplike"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "iztǎnčen",
      "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
      "word": "изтънчен"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
      "word": "精炼的"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
      "word": "hienostunut"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
      "word": "sivistynyt"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
      "word": "sophistiqué"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
      "word": "raffiniert"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "egkefalikós",
      "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
      "word": "εγκεφαλικός"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
      "word": "sofisticato"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "prefinet",
      "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
      "word": "префинет"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "istančen",
      "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
      "word": "истанчен"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
      "word": "mātanga"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
      "word": "sofistikert"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
      "word": "sofistikert"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
      "word": "wyszukany"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
      "word": "wyrafinowany"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
      "word": "wymyślny"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
      "word": "sofisticado"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
      "word": "rafinat"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
      "word": "elegant"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
      "word": "sofisticat"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "utončónnyj",
      "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
      "word": "утончённый"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "izoščrjónnyj",
      "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
      "word": "изощрённый"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
      "word": "refinado"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
      "word": "elegante"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
      "word": "sofisticado"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
      "word": "sofistikerad"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
      "word": "raffinerad"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "appealing to the tastes of an intellectual",
      "word": "sofistike"
    }
  ],
  "word": "sophisticated"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English adjectives",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English non-lemma forms",
    "English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
    "English verb forms",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Requests for review of German translations",
    "Requests for review of Scottish Gaelic translations",
    "Requests for review of Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
    "Terms with Belarusian translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Korean translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Macedonian translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Maori translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
    "Terms with Persian translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Turkish translations",
    "en:Personality"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ML.",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Medieval Latin",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "First English usage circa 1601. From Medieval Latin sophisticatus.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "sophisticated",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "sophisticate"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "simple past and past participle of sophisticate"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sophisticate",
          "sophisticate#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "sophisticated"
}

Download raw JSONL data for sophisticated meaning in English (19.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.