See roman in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "roman font"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Roman.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "roman (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ro‧man"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "italic"
},
{
"word": "italicised"
},
{
"word": "italicized"
},
{
"word": "oblique"
},
{
"word": "slanted"
},
{
"word": "sloped"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Typography",
"orig": "en:Typography",
"parents": [
"Printing",
"Writing",
"Industries",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Business",
"Human",
"Communication",
"Economics",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2021, Claire Cock-Starkey, Hyphens & Hashtags, Bodleian Library, page 48:",
"text": "In some early printed Bibles quoted text is indicated by changing the font from roman to italic.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"upright, as opposed to italic."
],
"id": "en-roman-en-adj-cJyyc7tv",
"links": [
[
"typography",
"typography"
],
[
"upright",
"upright"
],
[
"italic",
"italic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of type, typography) upright, as opposed to italic."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of type"
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"topics": [
"media",
"publishing",
"typography"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Computing",
"orig": "en:Computing",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Typography",
"orig": "en:Typography",
"parents": [
"Printing",
"Writing",
"Industries",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Business",
"Human",
"Communication",
"Economics",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "8 33 20 29 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"of or related to the Latin alphabet or roman numerals."
],
"id": "en-roman-en-adj-CxWHm2HA",
"links": [
[
"typography",
"typography"
],
[
"computing",
"computing#Noun"
],
[
"Latin alphabet",
"Latin alphabet"
],
[
"roman numeral",
"roman numeral"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of text, typography, computing) of or related to the Latin alphabet or roman numerals."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of text"
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"media",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"publishing",
"sciences",
"typography"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "rōmən"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹəʊmən/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊmən"
},
{
"homophone": "roamin' (some accents)"
},
{
"homophone": "Roman"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Roman"
}
],
"word": "roman"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "proprietary",
"word": "Times New Roman"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Roman.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "roman (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ro‧man"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "roman à tiroirs"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Typography",
"orig": "en:Typography",
"parents": [
"Printing",
"Writing",
"Industries",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Business",
"Human",
"Communication",
"Economics",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "8 33 20 29 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One of the main three types used for the Latin alphabet (the others being italics and blackletter), in which the ascenders are mostly straight."
],
"id": "en-roman-en-noun-SOpYXC1L",
"links": [
[
"typography",
"typography"
],
[
"type",
"type"
],
[
"Latin alphabet",
"Latin alphabet"
],
[
"italics",
"italics"
],
[
"blackletter",
"blackletter"
],
[
"ascender",
"ascender"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(typography) One of the main three types used for the Latin alphabet (the others being italics and blackletter), in which the ascenders are mostly straight."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"media",
"publishing",
"typography"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "47 32 20",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "upright letter type",
"word": "romein"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 32 20",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "upright letter type",
"word": "antiikva"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 32 20",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "upright letter type",
"word": "álló"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 32 20",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "upright letter type",
"word": "antikva"
}
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "roman numeral"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 23 15 53 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 18 17 55 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 1 1 4 2 6 6 19 1 6 8 1 1 1 5 1 6 1 3 1 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 18 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 1 1 3 1 6 6 23 1 4 11 1 1 1 5 1 4 0 2 1 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 18 19 50 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 21 24 33 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 33 20 29 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: arabic"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Ellipsis of roman numeral."
],
"id": "en-roman-en-noun-XQN4Vny8",
"links": [
[
"roman numeral",
"roman numeral#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "chiefly American typesetting",
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated, uncommon, chiefly American typesetting) Ellipsis of roman numeral."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"dated",
"ellipsis",
"uncommon",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 33 20 29 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1986 December 21, Michael Bronski, “Buddy Stories Your Brother Never Told You”, in Gay Community News, volume 14, number 23, page 7:",
"text": "What raises One Last Waltz far above the usual family roman is not just the gimmick of the ancient fable in modern clothes […] but Mordden's language and his sheer joy at telling a story.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "2014, \"Novel and Romance: Etymologies\". Heyworth, Gregory; Logan, Peter Melville (ed.). Encyclopedia of the Novel, Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell, p. 942. →ISBN\nSamuel Johnson, writing in his Dictionary of the English Language (1755), [defined] \"novel [as] a small tale, generally of love.\" To modern sensibilities, Johnson's novel resembles more closely the novella in dimension and the romance in substance. … [T]he term romance, or roman, once interchangeable with novel in English, retains the meaning of novel in Germany, France, Russia, and most of Europe, while in the anglophone world it has been demoted to frivolity."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A novel."
],
"id": "en-roman-en-noun-pM2S8cOo",
"links": [
[
"novel",
"novel"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) A novel."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "rōmən"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹəʊmən/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊmən"
},
{
"homophone": "roamin' (some accents)"
},
{
"homophone": "Roman"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Roman"
}
],
"word": "roman"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 18 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/əʊmən",
"Rhymes:English/əʊmən/2 syllables",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "roman font"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Roman.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "roman (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ro‧man"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "italic"
},
{
"word": "italicised"
},
{
"word": "italicized"
},
{
"word": "oblique"
},
{
"word": "slanted"
},
{
"word": "sloped"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Typography"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2021, Claire Cock-Starkey, Hyphens & Hashtags, Bodleian Library, page 48:",
"text": "In some early printed Bibles quoted text is indicated by changing the font from roman to italic.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"upright, as opposed to italic."
],
"links": [
[
"typography",
"typography"
],
[
"upright",
"upright"
],
[
"italic",
"italic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of type, typography) upright, as opposed to italic."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of type"
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"topics": [
"media",
"publishing",
"typography"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English links with manual fragments",
"en:Computing",
"en:Typography"
],
"glosses": [
"of or related to the Latin alphabet or roman numerals."
],
"links": [
[
"typography",
"typography"
],
[
"computing",
"computing#Noun"
],
[
"Latin alphabet",
"Latin alphabet"
],
[
"roman numeral",
"roman numeral"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of text, typography, computing) of or related to the Latin alphabet or roman numerals."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of text"
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"media",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"publishing",
"sciences",
"typography"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "rōmən"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹəʊmən/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊmən"
},
{
"homophone": "roamin' (some accents)"
},
{
"homophone": "Roman"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Roman"
}
],
"word": "roman"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 18 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/əʊmən",
"Rhymes:English/əʊmən/2 syllables",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"alt": "proprietary",
"word": "Times New Roman"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Roman.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "roman (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ro‧man"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "roman à tiroirs"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Typography"
],
"glosses": [
"One of the main three types used for the Latin alphabet (the others being italics and blackletter), in which the ascenders are mostly straight."
],
"links": [
[
"typography",
"typography"
],
[
"type",
"type"
],
[
"Latin alphabet",
"Latin alphabet"
],
[
"italics",
"italics"
],
[
"blackletter",
"blackletter"
],
[
"ascender",
"ascender"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(typography) One of the main three types used for the Latin alphabet (the others being italics and blackletter), in which the ascenders are mostly straight."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"media",
"publishing",
"typography"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "roman numeral"
}
],
"categories": [
"English dated terms",
"English ellipses",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English terms with uncommon senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: arabic"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Ellipsis of roman numeral."
],
"links": [
[
"roman numeral",
"roman numeral#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "chiefly American typesetting",
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated, uncommon, chiefly American typesetting) Ellipsis of roman numeral."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"dated",
"ellipsis",
"uncommon",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1986 December 21, Michael Bronski, “Buddy Stories Your Brother Never Told You”, in Gay Community News, volume 14, number 23, page 7:",
"text": "What raises One Last Waltz far above the usual family roman is not just the gimmick of the ancient fable in modern clothes […] but Mordden's language and his sheer joy at telling a story.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "2014, \"Novel and Romance: Etymologies\". Heyworth, Gregory; Logan, Peter Melville (ed.). Encyclopedia of the Novel, Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell, p. 942. →ISBN\nSamuel Johnson, writing in his Dictionary of the English Language (1755), [defined] \"novel [as] a small tale, generally of love.\" To modern sensibilities, Johnson's novel resembles more closely the novella in dimension and the romance in substance. … [T]he term romance, or roman, once interchangeable with novel in English, retains the meaning of novel in Germany, France, Russia, and most of Europe, while in the anglophone world it has been demoted to frivolity."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A novel."
],
"links": [
[
"novel",
"novel"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) A novel."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "rōmən"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹəʊmən/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊmən"
},
{
"homophone": "roamin' (some accents)"
},
{
"homophone": "Roman"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Roman"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "upright letter type",
"word": "romein"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "upright letter type",
"word": "antiikva"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "upright letter type",
"word": "álló"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "upright letter type",
"word": "antikva"
}
],
"word": "roman"
}
Download raw JSONL data for roman meaning in English (5.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.