"punitive" meaning in English

See punitive in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /ˈpju.nɪ.tɪv/ Audio: en-us-punitive.ogg Forms: more punitive [comparative], most punitive [superlative]
Etymology: From Middle French punitif, from Medieval Latin pūnitīvus, from pūniō (“I punish”). Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*kʷey-}}, {{bor|en|frm|punitif}} Middle French punitif, {{der|en|ML.|pūnitīvus}} Medieval Latin pūnitīvus Head templates: {{en-adj}} punitive (comparative more punitive, superlative most punitive)
  1. (law, military) Inflicting punishment; punishing. Categories (topical): Law, Military Synonyms: punitory [archaic] Derived forms: punitive damages, punitively, punitive populism Related terms: punishment Translations (punishing): наказателен (nakazatelen) (Bulgarian), punitiu (Catalan), trestný (Czech), puna (Esperanto), punitif (French), strafend (German), Straf- (German), ποινικός (poinikós) (Greek), karny (Polish), punitivo (Portuguese), punitiv [masculine] (Romanian), кара́тельный (karátelʹnyj) (Russian), punitivo (Spanish), straff- (Swedish), кара́льний (karálʹnyj) (Ukrainian)
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*kʷey-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "punitif"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French punitif",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ML.",
        "3": "pūnitīvus"
      },
      "expansion": "Medieval Latin pūnitīvus",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle French punitif, from Medieval Latin pūnitīvus, from pūniō (“I punish”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "more punitive",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most punitive",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "punitive (comparative more punitive, superlative most punitive)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Czech translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with French translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with German translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Greek translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Polish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Russian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Law",
          "orig": "en:Law",
          "parents": [
            "Justice",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Military",
          "orig": "en:Military",
          "parents": [
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "punitive damages"
        },
        {
          "word": "punitively"
        },
        {
          "word": "punitive populism"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Washington imposed punitive sanctions on Syria.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "The jury awarded $10,000 in punitive damages.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Inflicting punishment; punishing."
      ],
      "id": "en-punitive-en-adj-w7xxR5aB",
      "links": [
        [
          "law",
          "law#English"
        ],
        [
          "military",
          "military"
        ],
        [
          "punishment",
          "punishment"
        ],
        [
          "punishing",
          "punishing"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(law, military) Inflicting punishment; punishing."
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "punishment"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "archaic"
          ],
          "word": "punitory"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "government",
        "law",
        "military",
        "politics",
        "war"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "nakazatelen",
          "sense": "punishing",
          "word": "наказателен"
        },
        {
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "punishing",
          "word": "punitiu"
        },
        {
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "punishing",
          "word": "trestný"
        },
        {
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "note": "straf- (prefix in compound words)",
          "sense": "punishing"
        },
        {
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "punishing",
          "word": "puna"
        },
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "punishing",
          "word": "punitif"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "punishing",
          "word": "strafend"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "punishing",
          "word": "Straf-"
        },
        {
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "poinikós",
          "sense": "punishing",
          "word": "ποινικός"
        },
        {
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "punishing",
          "word": "karny"
        },
        {
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "punishing",
          "word": "punitivo"
        },
        {
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "punishing",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "punitiv"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "karátelʹnyj",
          "sense": "punishing",
          "word": "кара́тельный"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "punishing",
          "word": "punitivo"
        },
        {
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "punishing",
          "word": "straff-"
        },
        {
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "karálʹnyj",
          "sense": "punishing",
          "word": "кара́льний"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpju.nɪ.tɪv/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-punitive.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f9/En-us-punitive.ogg/En-us-punitive.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f9/En-us-punitive.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "punitive"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "punitive damages"
    },
    {
      "word": "punitively"
    },
    {
      "word": "punitive populism"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*kʷey-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "punitif"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French punitif",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ML.",
        "3": "pūnitīvus"
      },
      "expansion": "Medieval Latin pūnitīvus",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle French punitif, from Medieval Latin pūnitīvus, from pūniō (“I punish”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "more punitive",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most punitive",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "punitive (comparative more punitive, superlative most punitive)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "punishment"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English adjectives",
        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English lemmas",
        "English terms borrowed from Middle French",
        "English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
        "English terms derived from Middle French",
        "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kʷey-",
        "English terms with usage examples",
        "Entries with translation boxes",
        "Pages with 4 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
        "Terms with Catalan translations",
        "Terms with Czech translations",
        "Terms with Dutch translations",
        "Terms with Esperanto translations",
        "Terms with French translations",
        "Terms with German translations",
        "Terms with Greek translations",
        "Terms with Polish translations",
        "Terms with Portuguese translations",
        "Terms with Romanian translations",
        "Terms with Russian translations",
        "Terms with Spanish translations",
        "Terms with Swedish translations",
        "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
        "en:Law",
        "en:Military"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Washington imposed punitive sanctions on Syria.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "The jury awarded $10,000 in punitive damages.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Inflicting punishment; punishing."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "law",
          "law#English"
        ],
        [
          "military",
          "military"
        ],
        [
          "punishment",
          "punishment"
        ],
        [
          "punishing",
          "punishing"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(law, military) Inflicting punishment; punishing."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "archaic"
          ],
          "word": "punitory"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "government",
        "law",
        "military",
        "politics",
        "war"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpju.nɪ.tɪv/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-punitive.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f9/En-us-punitive.ogg/En-us-punitive.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f9/En-us-punitive.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "nakazatelen",
      "sense": "punishing",
      "word": "наказателен"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "punishing",
      "word": "punitiu"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "punishing",
      "word": "trestný"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "note": "straf- (prefix in compound words)",
      "sense": "punishing"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "punishing",
      "word": "puna"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "punishing",
      "word": "punitif"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "punishing",
      "word": "strafend"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "punishing",
      "word": "Straf-"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "poinikós",
      "sense": "punishing",
      "word": "ποινικός"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "punishing",
      "word": "karny"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "punishing",
      "word": "punitivo"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "punishing",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "punitiv"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "karátelʹnyj",
      "sense": "punishing",
      "word": "кара́тельный"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "punishing",
      "word": "punitivo"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "punishing",
      "word": "straff-"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "karálʹnyj",
      "sense": "punishing",
      "word": "кара́льний"
    }
  ],
  "word": "punitive"
}

Download raw JSONL data for punitive meaning in English (4.1kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.