"promulgate" meaning in English

See promulgate in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ˈpɹɒml̩.ɡeɪt/ [UK], /ˈpɹɑ.məl.ɡeɪt/ [US] Audio: en-us-promulgate.ogg Forms: promulgates [present, singular, third-person], promulgating [participle, present], promulgated [participle, past], promulgated [past]
Etymology: From Middle English promulgaten, from Latin prōmulgātus, past participle of prōmulgō (“I make known, publish”), either from provulgō (“I make known, publish”), from pro (“forth”) + vulgō (“I publish”), or from mulgeō (“I bring forth”, literally “I milk”). Compare promulge. Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*pro-||*h₂melǵ-}}, {{inh|en|enm|promulgaten}} Middle English promulgaten, {{der|en|la|prōmulgātus}} Latin prōmulgātus Head templates: {{en-verb}} promulgate (third-person singular simple present promulgates, present participle promulgating, simple past and past participle promulgated)
  1. (transitive) To make known or public. Tags: transitive Synonyms: declare, proclaim, publish Translations (to make known public): հրապարակել (hraparakel) (Armenian), обявявам (objavjavam) (Bulgarian), promulgar (Catalan), uvést [perfective] (Czech), uvádět [imperfective] (Czech), zveřejnit [perfective] (Czech), zveřejňovat [imperfective] (Czech), uveřejnit [perfective] (Czech), uveřejňovat [imperfective] (Czech), šířit [imperfective] (Czech), rozšiřovat [imperfective] (Czech), rozšířit [perfective] (Czech), julistaa (Finnish), levittää (Finnish), promulguer (French), verkünden (German), bekanntmachen (German), scaip (Irish), promulgare (Italian), proclamare (Italian), promulgher (Ladin), promulgo (Latin), promulgować [imperfective] (Polish), promulgar (Portuguese), promulga (Romanian), опублико́вывать (opublikóvyvatʹ) (Russian), promulgírati [Roman] (Serbo-Croatian), obnárodovati [Roman, perfective] (Serbo-Croatian), promulgar (Spanish), förkunna (Swedish), kungöra (Swedish)
    Sense id: en-promulgate-en-verb-RuxU-q6L Disambiguation of 'to make known public': 89 3 8
  2. (transitive) To put into effect as a regulation. Tags: transitive Synonyms: carry out, execute, implement, put into effect Translations (to put into effect as a regulation): публикувам (publikuvam) (Bulgarian), promulgar (Catalan), zavést [perfective] (Czech), zavádět [imperfective] (Czech), uitvaardigen (Dutch), saattaa voimaan (Finnish), hyväksyttää (Finnish), promulguer (French), erlassen (German), promulgare (Italian), опублико́вывать (opublikóvyvatʹ) (Russian), promulgírati [Roman] (Serbo-Croatian), promulgar (Spanish), utfärda (Swedish), promulgera (Swedish)
    Sense id: en-promulgate-en-verb-wtEb3Y1w Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Terms with Armenian translations, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Irish translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Ladin translations, Terms with Latin translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swedish translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 21 70 9 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 21 67 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Armenian translations: 31 52 18 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 28 55 17 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 30 55 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 34 46 20 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 28 58 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 30 55 14 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 27 58 15 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 26 62 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Irish translations: 30 55 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 25 64 10 Disambiguation of Terms with Ladin translations: 28 57 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Latin translations: 25 64 10 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 31 53 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 34 49 17 Disambiguation of Terms with Romanian translations: 30 55 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 25 64 10 Disambiguation of Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations: 29 53 18 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 27 63 10 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 30 55 14 Disambiguation of 'to put into effect as a regulation': 4 94 2
  3. (transitive, nonstandard) To advocate on behalf of (something or someone, especially of an idea); to spread knowledge of it and make it more widely known. Tags: nonstandard, transitive Synonyms: propagate, promote, disseminate
    Sense id: en-promulgate-en-verb-iGwn02vX
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: promogulate, promulgater, promulgation, promulgator, promulgatory Related terms: promulge

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "promogulate"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "promulgater"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "promulgation"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "promulgator"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "promulgatory"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pro-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "*h₂melǵ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "promulgaten"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English promulgaten",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "prōmulgātus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin prōmulgātus",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English promulgaten, from Latin prōmulgātus, past participle of prōmulgō (“I make known, publish”), either from provulgō (“I make known, publish”), from pro (“forth”) + vulgō (“I publish”), or from mulgeō (“I bring forth”, literally “I milk”). Compare promulge.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "promulgates",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "promulgating",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "promulgated",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "promulgated",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "promulgate (third-person singular simple present promulgates, present participle promulgating, simple past and past participle promulgated)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "promulge"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "withhold"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:",
          "text": "’Tis yet to know, / Which when I know, that boaſting is an Honour, / I ſhall promulgate. I fetch by life and being, / From Men of Royall Seige.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1784 November 6, William Cowper, “Tirocinium: Or, A Review of Schools”, in Poems, page 303:",
          "text": "Prieſts have invented, and the world admir’d / What knaviſh prieſts promulgate as inſpir’d ; / ’Till reaſon, now no longer overaw’d, / Reſumes her pow’rs, and ſpurns the clumſy fraud ; / And, common-ſenſe diffuſing real day, / The meteor of the goſpel dies away !",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To make known or public."
      ],
      "id": "en-promulgate-en-verb-RuxU-q6L",
      "links": [
        [
          "known",
          "known"
        ],
        [
          "public",
          "public"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To make known or public."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "declare"
        },
        {
          "word": "proclaim"
        },
        {
          "word": "publish"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "89 3 8",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "hraparakel",
          "sense": "to make known public",
          "word": "հրապարակել"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 3 8",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "objavjavam",
          "sense": "to make known public",
          "word": "обявявам"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 3 8",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "to make known public",
          "word": "promulgar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 3 8",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "to make known public",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "uvést"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 3 8",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "to make known public",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "uvádět"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 3 8",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "to make known public",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "zveřejnit"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 3 8",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "to make known public",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "zveřejňovat"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 3 8",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "to make known public",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "uveřejnit"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 3 8",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "to make known public",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "uveřejňovat"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 3 8",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "to make known public",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "šířit"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 3 8",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "to make known public",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "rozšiřovat"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 3 8",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "to make known public",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "rozšířit"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 3 8",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to make known public",
          "word": "julistaa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 3 8",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to make known public",
          "word": "levittää"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 3 8",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "to make known public",
          "word": "promulguer"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 3 8",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to make known public",
          "word": "verkünden"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 3 8",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to make known public",
          "word": "bekanntmachen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 3 8",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "to make known public",
          "word": "scaip"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 3 8",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "to make known public",
          "word": "promulgare"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 3 8",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "to make known public",
          "word": "proclamare"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 3 8",
          "code": "lld",
          "lang": "Ladin",
          "sense": "to make known public",
          "word": "promulgher"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 3 8",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "to make known public",
          "word": "promulgo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 3 8",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "to make known public",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "promulgować"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 3 8",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "to make known public",
          "word": "promulgar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 3 8",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "to make known public",
          "word": "promulga"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 3 8",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "opublikóvyvatʹ",
          "sense": "to make known public",
          "word": "опублико́вывать"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 3 8",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "to make known public",
          "tags": [
            "Roman"
          ],
          "word": "promulgírati"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 3 8",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "to make known public",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "obnárodovati"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 3 8",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "to make known public",
          "word": "promulgar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 3 8",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "to make known public",
          "word": "förkunna"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 3 8",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "to make known public",
          "word": "kungöra"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "abrogate"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "21 70 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
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          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
          "_dis": "21 67 12",
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        {
          "_dis": "31 52 18",
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          "_dis": "28 55 17",
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        {
          "_dis": "34 46 20",
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        {
          "_dis": "27 58 15",
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        {
          "_dis": "26 62 12",
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        {
          "_dis": "30 55 14",
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        {
          "_dis": "25 64 10",
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          "_dis": "28 57 15",
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        {
          "_dis": "25 64 10",
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        {
          "_dis": "31 53 16",
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        {
          "_dis": "34 49 17",
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        {
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          "_dis": "30 55 14",
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        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1881 June 7, William Stubbs, “The Reign of Henry VIII”, in Seventeen Lectures on the Study of Medieval and Modern History and Kindred Subjects, Oxford: Clarendon Press, published 1887, page 293:",
          "text": "[…] the Statute of Uses was delayed until 1536 and the Statute of Wills until 1540, but both statutes were promulgated in 1532, and formed part of a policy which we may compare, not favourably, with the of Edward I[…]",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To put into effect as a regulation."
      ],
      "id": "en-promulgate-en-verb-wtEb3Y1w",
      "links": [
        [
          "effect",
          "effect"
        ],
        [
          "regulation",
          "regulation"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To put into effect as a regulation."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "carry out"
        },
        {
          "word": "execute"
        },
        {
          "word": "implement"
        },
        {
          "word": "put into effect"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "4 94 2",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "publikuvam",
          "sense": "to put into effect as a regulation",
          "word": "публикувам"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 94 2",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "to put into effect as a regulation",
          "word": "promulgar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 94 2",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "to put into effect as a regulation",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "zavést"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 94 2",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "to put into effect as a regulation",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "zavádět"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 94 2",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "to put into effect as a regulation",
          "word": "uitvaardigen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 94 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to put into effect as a regulation",
          "word": "saattaa voimaan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 94 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to put into effect as a regulation",
          "word": "hyväksyttää"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 94 2",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "to put into effect as a regulation",
          "word": "promulguer"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 94 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to put into effect as a regulation",
          "word": "erlassen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 94 2",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "to put into effect as a regulation",
          "word": "promulgare"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 94 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "opublikóvyvatʹ",
          "sense": "to put into effect as a regulation",
          "word": "опублико́вывать"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 94 2",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "to put into effect as a regulation",
          "tags": [
            "Roman"
          ],
          "word": "promulgírati"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 94 2",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "to put into effect as a regulation",
          "word": "promulgar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 94 2",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "to put into effect as a regulation",
          "word": "utfärda"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 94 2",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "to put into effect as a regulation",
          "word": "promulgera"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "To advocate on behalf of (something or someone, especially of an idea); to spread knowledge of it and make it more widely known."
      ],
      "id": "en-promulgate-en-verb-iGwn02vX",
      "links": [
        [
          "advocate",
          "advocate"
        ],
        [
          "knowledge",
          "knowledge"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, nonstandard) To advocate on behalf of (something or someone, especially of an idea); to spread knowledge of it and make it more widely known."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "propagate"
        },
        {
          "word": "promote"
        },
        {
          "word": "disseminate"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "nonstandard",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpɹɒml̩.ɡeɪt/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpɹɑ.məl.ɡeɪt/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-promulgate.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/36/En-us-promulgate.ogg/En-us-promulgate.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/En-us-promulgate.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "promulgate"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂melǵ-",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro-",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English verbs",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 5 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Terms with Armenian translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Irish translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Ladin translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "promogulate"
    },
    {
      "word": "promulgater"
    },
    {
      "word": "promulgation"
    },
    {
      "word": "promulgator"
    },
    {
      "word": "promulgatory"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pro-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "*h₂melǵ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "promulgaten"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English promulgaten",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "prōmulgātus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin prōmulgātus",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English promulgaten, from Latin prōmulgātus, past participle of prōmulgō (“I make known, publish”), either from provulgō (“I make known, publish”), from pro (“forth”) + vulgō (“I publish”), or from mulgeō (“I bring forth”, literally “I milk”). Compare promulge.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "promulgates",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "promulgating",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "promulgated",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "promulgated",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "promulgate (third-person singular simple present promulgates, present participle promulgating, simple past and past participle promulgated)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "promulge"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "withhold"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:",
          "text": "’Tis yet to know, / Which when I know, that boaſting is an Honour, / I ſhall promulgate. I fetch by life and being, / From Men of Royall Seige.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1784 November 6, William Cowper, “Tirocinium: Or, A Review of Schools”, in Poems, page 303:",
          "text": "Prieſts have invented, and the world admir’d / What knaviſh prieſts promulgate as inſpir’d ; / ’Till reaſon, now no longer overaw’d, / Reſumes her pow’rs, and ſpurns the clumſy fraud ; / And, common-ſenſe diffuſing real day, / The meteor of the goſpel dies away !",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To make known or public."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "known",
          "known"
        ],
        [
          "public",
          "public"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To make known or public."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "declare"
        },
        {
          "word": "proclaim"
        },
        {
          "word": "publish"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "abrogate"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1881 June 7, William Stubbs, “The Reign of Henry VIII”, in Seventeen Lectures on the Study of Medieval and Modern History and Kindred Subjects, Oxford: Clarendon Press, published 1887, page 293:",
          "text": "[…] the Statute of Uses was delayed until 1536 and the Statute of Wills until 1540, but both statutes were promulgated in 1532, and formed part of a policy which we may compare, not favourably, with the of Edward I[…]",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To put into effect as a regulation."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "effect",
          "effect"
        ],
        [
          "regulation",
          "regulation"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To put into effect as a regulation."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "carry out"
        },
        {
          "word": "execute"
        },
        {
          "word": "implement"
        },
        {
          "word": "put into effect"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English nonstandard terms",
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To advocate on behalf of (something or someone, especially of an idea); to spread knowledge of it and make it more widely known."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "advocate",
          "advocate"
        ],
        [
          "knowledge",
          "knowledge"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, nonstandard) To advocate on behalf of (something or someone, especially of an idea); to spread knowledge of it and make it more widely known."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "propagate"
        },
        {
          "word": "promote"
        },
        {
          "word": "disseminate"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "nonstandard",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpɹɒml̩.ɡeɪt/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpɹɑ.məl.ɡeɪt/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-promulgate.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/36/En-us-promulgate.ogg/En-us-promulgate.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/En-us-promulgate.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "hraparakel",
      "sense": "to make known public",
      "word": "հրապարակել"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "objavjavam",
      "sense": "to make known public",
      "word": "обявявам"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "to make known public",
      "word": "promulgar"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "to make known public",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "uvést"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "to make known public",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "uvádět"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "to make known public",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "zveřejnit"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "to make known public",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "zveřejňovat"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "to make known public",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "uveřejnit"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "to make known public",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "uveřejňovat"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "to make known public",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "šířit"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "to make known public",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "rozšiřovat"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "to make known public",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "rozšířit"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to make known public",
      "word": "julistaa"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to make known public",
      "word": "levittää"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "to make known public",
      "word": "promulguer"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to make known public",
      "word": "verkünden"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to make known public",
      "word": "bekanntmachen"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "to make known public",
      "word": "scaip"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "to make known public",
      "word": "promulgare"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "to make known public",
      "word": "proclamare"
    },
    {
      "code": "lld",
      "lang": "Ladin",
      "sense": "to make known public",
      "word": "promulgher"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "to make known public",
      "word": "promulgo"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "to make known public",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "promulgować"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "to make known public",
      "word": "promulgar"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "to make known public",
      "word": "promulga"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "opublikóvyvatʹ",
      "sense": "to make known public",
      "word": "опублико́вывать"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "to make known public",
      "tags": [
        "Roman"
      ],
      "word": "promulgírati"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "to make known public",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "obnárodovati"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "to make known public",
      "word": "promulgar"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "to make known public",
      "word": "förkunna"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "to make known public",
      "word": "kungöra"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "publikuvam",
      "sense": "to put into effect as a regulation",
      "word": "публикувам"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "to put into effect as a regulation",
      "word": "promulgar"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "to put into effect as a regulation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "zavést"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "to put into effect as a regulation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "zavádět"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "to put into effect as a regulation",
      "word": "uitvaardigen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to put into effect as a regulation",
      "word": "saattaa voimaan"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to put into effect as a regulation",
      "word": "hyväksyttää"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "to put into effect as a regulation",
      "word": "promulguer"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to put into effect as a regulation",
      "word": "erlassen"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "to put into effect as a regulation",
      "word": "promulgare"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "opublikóvyvatʹ",
      "sense": "to put into effect as a regulation",
      "word": "опублико́вывать"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "to put into effect as a regulation",
      "tags": [
        "Roman"
      ],
      "word": "promulgírati"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "to put into effect as a regulation",
      "word": "promulgar"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "to put into effect as a regulation",
      "word": "utfärda"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "to put into effect as a regulation",
      "word": "promulgera"
    }
  ],
  "word": "promulgate"
}

Download raw JSONL data for promulgate meaning in English (10.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.