See pleroma in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "pleromatic"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "princess flower",
"2": "Princess flower"
},
"expansion": "Princess flower",
"name": "vern"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Pleroma urvilleanum",
"2": "species"
},
"expansion": "Pleroma urvilleanum",
"name": "taxlink"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "plant"
},
"expansion": "sense 1.1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pleh₁-",
"4": "*-mn̥"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "pleroma",
"t": "(Gnosticism) spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Late Latin pleroma (“(Gnosticism) spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God”)",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc-koi",
"3": "πλήρωμᾰ",
"t": "(biblical) perfect fullness"
},
"expansion": "Koine Greek πλήρωμᾰ (plḗrōma, “(biblical) perfect fullness”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "πλήρωμᾰ",
"t": "that which fills, a complement; a filling up, a completing"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πλήρωμᾰ (plḗrōma, “that which fills, a complement; a filling up, a completing”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pleh₁-",
"t": "to fill"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (“to fill”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "plant",
"uc": "1"
},
"expansion": "Sense 1.1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "NL.",
"3": "Pleroma"
},
"expansion": "New Latin Pleroma",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "David Don",
"nat": "the Scottish",
"nobycat": "1",
"nocap": "1",
"occ": "botanist"
},
"expansion": "coined by the Scottish botanist David Don",
"name": "coinage"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "πλήρωμᾰ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πλήρωμᾰ (plḗrōma)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "North Bridge, Edinburgh"
},
"expansion": "[…]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πληρωμα"
},
"expansion": "πληρωμα",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πληρωμα"
},
"expansion": "πληρωμα",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Christianity",
"uc": "1"
},
"expansion": "Sense 2",
"name": "senseno"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Late Latin pleroma (“(Gnosticism) spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God”), from Koine Greek πλήρωμᾰ (plḗrōma, “(biblical) perfect fullness”), Ancient Greek πλήρωμᾰ (plḗrōma, “that which fills, a complement; a filling up, a completing”), from πληρόω (plēróō, “to make full, fill; to complete, finish”) (from πλήρης (plḗrēs, “complete, full”) (from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (“to fill”)) + -όω (-óō, suffix forming verbs with the sense of making someone be or do something)) + -μᾰ (-ma, suffix forming nouns denoting the result or effect of an action).\nSense 1.1 (“plant”) is borrowed from New Latin Pleroma, a genus name coined by the Scottish botanist David Don (1799–1841) in 1822, from Ancient Greek πλήρωμᾰ (plḗrōma) (see above) to describe the way the seeds of the plant filled the capsule.\nSense 2 (“state of perfect fullness”) is chiefly used in reference to Colossians 2:9 of the Bible: “Ὅτι ἐν αὐτῶῳ κατοικεῖ πᾶν τὸ πλήρωμα τῆς θεότητος σωματικῶς (Hóti en autôōi katoikeî pân tò plḗrōma tês theótētos sōmatikôs) [For in Christ all the fullness of the Deity lives in bodily form]”.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pleromas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "pleroma (countable and uncountable, plural pleromas)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ple‧ro‧ma"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "en:Botany",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "32 23 20 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 24 18 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 23 16 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 23 17 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 26 17 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 25 15 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 25 16 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 30 20 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 26 16 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 26 16 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 26 16 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 25 16 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 29 15 27",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Myrtales order plants",
"orig": "en:Myrtales order plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Shrubs",
"Trees",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A plant of the genus Pleroma."
],
"id": "en-pleroma-en-noun-en:plant",
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"plant",
"plant#Noun"
],
[
"genus",
"genus"
],
[
"Pleroma",
"Pleroma#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany)",
"A plant of the genus Pleroma."
],
"senseid": [
"en:plant"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "plant of the genus Pleroma",
"word": "pleroma"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "en:Botany",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "32 23 20 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 24 18 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 23 16 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 23 17 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 26 17 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 25 15 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 25 16 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 30 20 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 26 16 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 26 16 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 26 16 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 25 16 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 29 15 27",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Myrtales order plants",
"orig": "en:Myrtales order plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Shrubs",
"Trees",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1876 December 9, “[Punctum vegetationis, or Growing Point of Dicotyledonous Roots]”, in The Gardeners’ Chronicle. A Weekly Illustrated Journal of Horticulture and Allied Subjects, volume VI (New Series), number 154, London: Bradbury, Agnew, & Co., […], →OCLC, page 750, column 1:",
"text": "In his [Jakob Eriksson's] investigations of the meristem (the tissue from which the permanent tissues are formed) by dicotyledonous roots he found four types of growth, […] In the second type only two separate meristem tissues are present in the tips of the roots; a pleroma and a common tissue, from which the primary bark and epidermis and root-cap proceed.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1890 August 22, Edward Aveling, “Botany for Students. Chapter XXII.—The Root.”, in The English Mechanic and World of Science and Art. […], volume LI, number 1326, London: […] E[beneezer] J. Kibblewhite, […], →OCLC, page 543, column 2:",
"text": "[I]n the pleroma of the primary meristem of roots there is not only cambium (persistent parenchyma) and procambium (forerunner of fibres and vessels), but pericambium—i.e., a special outer layer of the plerome that remains for a long time as meristem.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2001, Russian Journal of Developmental Biology: A Journal of Original Papers and Reviews on Developmental and Cell Biology, volume 32, Moscow: Pleiades Publishing, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 205, column 1:",
"text": "In the pleroma of hyacinth and pea roots, t#x5F;#x7B;min#x7D; increases along the meristem, especially in its basal part[…].",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of plerome (“the central portion of the apical meristem in a growing plant root or stem which, according to the histogen theory, gives rise to the endodermis and stele”)"
],
"id": "en-pleroma-en-noun-BEAaBjeK",
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"plerome",
"plerome#English"
],
[
"central",
"central#Adjective"
],
[
"portion",
"portion#Noun"
],
[
"apical",
"apical#Adjective"
],
[
"meristem",
"meristem"
],
[
"growing",
"grow#Verb"
],
[
"root",
"root#Noun"
],
[
"stem",
"stem#Noun"
],
[
"histogen",
"histogen"
],
[
"theory",
"theory"
],
[
"gives rise to",
"give rise to"
],
[
"endodermis",
"endodermis"
],
[
"stele",
"stele"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany)",
"(archaic or obsolete, rare) Synonym of plerome (“the central portion of the apical meristem in a growing plant root or stem which, according to the histogen theory, gives rise to the endodermis and stele”)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "the central portion of the apical meristem in a growing plant root or stem which, according to the histogen theory, gives rise to the endodermis and stele",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "plerome"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"countable",
"obsolete",
"rare",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "en:Christianity",
"parents": [
"Abrahamism",
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "32 23 20 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 24 18 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 23 16 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 23 17 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 18 10 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 20 11 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 26 17 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 22 12 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 21 12 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 25 15 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 25 16 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 30 20 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 17 10 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 24 15 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 26 16 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 26 16 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 21 11 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 20 12 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 22 12 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Occitan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 21 12 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 21 12 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 26 16 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 20 11 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 25 16 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 21 11 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 21 11 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 29 15 27",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Myrtales order plants",
"orig": "en:Myrtales order plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Shrubs",
"Trees",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1697 May 5 (date written; Gregorian calendar), E. W. [i.e., Edward Stillingfleet], “Postscript”, in The Bishop of Worcester’s Answer to Mr. [John] Locke’s Letter, Concerning Some Passages Relating to His Essay of Humane Understanding, […], London: […] J. H. for Henry Mortlock […], published 1697, →OCLC, page 143:",
"text": "And is all this Cabala too, and only to be uſed when People are to be gulled with noiſy Nothings? i.e. with empty Pleroma's, and ſilent Thunderclaps.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A state of perfect fullness, especially of God's being as incarnated in Jesus Christ."
],
"id": "en-pleroma-en-noun-en:Christianity",
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"state",
"state#Noun"
],
[
"perfect",
"perfect#Adjective"
],
[
"fullness",
"fullness"
],
[
"God",
"God"
],
[
"being",
"being#Noun"
],
[
"incarnated",
"incarnate#Verb"
],
[
"Jesus Christ",
"Jesus Christ"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity) A state of perfect fullness, especially of God's being as incarnated in Jesus Christ."
],
"senseid": [
"en:Christianity"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 1 96",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "pleroma",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"word": "պլերոմա"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 96",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pleroma"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 96",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"word": "pleromo"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 96",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"word": "täyteys"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 96",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "plérôme"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 96",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Pleroma"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 96",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "plíroma",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "πλήρωμα"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 96",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "pleroma",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"word": "פלרומה"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 96",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pleroma"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 96",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "purērōma",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"word": "プレーローマ"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 96",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pleroma"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 96",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pleroma"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 96",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pleroma"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 96",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"word": "pleroma"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 96",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "plerom"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 96",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pleróma",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "плеро́ма"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 96",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "плеро́ма"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 96",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "pleróma"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 96",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pléroma"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 96",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Pleroma"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/plɪˈɹəʊmə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pleroma.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/de/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pleroma.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pleroma.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/de/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pleroma.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pleroma.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/pləˈɹoʊmə/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊmə"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Adam Black",
"David Don",
"Wernerian Natural History Society"
],
"word": "pleroma"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "princess flower",
"2": "Princess flower"
},
"expansion": "Princess flower",
"name": "vern"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Pleroma urvilleanum",
"2": "species"
},
"expansion": "Pleroma urvilleanum",
"name": "taxlink"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "plant"
},
"expansion": "sense 1.1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pleh₁-",
"4": "*-mn̥"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "pleroma",
"t": "(Gnosticism) spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Late Latin pleroma (“(Gnosticism) spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God”)",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc-koi",
"3": "πλήρωμᾰ",
"t": "(biblical) perfect fullness"
},
"expansion": "Koine Greek πλήρωμᾰ (plḗrōma, “(biblical) perfect fullness”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "πλήρωμᾰ",
"t": "that which fills, a complement; a filling up, a completing"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πλήρωμᾰ (plḗrōma, “that which fills, a complement; a filling up, a completing”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pleh₁-",
"t": "to fill"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (“to fill”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "plant",
"uc": "1"
},
"expansion": "Sense 1.1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "NL.",
"3": "Pleroma"
},
"expansion": "New Latin Pleroma",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "David Don",
"nat": "the Scottish",
"nobycat": "1",
"nocap": "1",
"occ": "botanist"
},
"expansion": "coined by the Scottish botanist David Don",
"name": "coinage"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "πλήρωμᾰ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πλήρωμᾰ (plḗrōma)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "North Bridge, Edinburgh"
},
"expansion": "[…]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πληρωμα"
},
"expansion": "πληρωμα",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πληρωμα"
},
"expansion": "πληρωμα",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Christianity",
"uc": "1"
},
"expansion": "Sense 2",
"name": "senseno"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Late Latin pleroma (“(Gnosticism) spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God”), from Koine Greek πλήρωμᾰ (plḗrōma, “(biblical) perfect fullness”), Ancient Greek πλήρωμᾰ (plḗrōma, “that which fills, a complement; a filling up, a completing”), from πληρόω (plēróō, “to make full, fill; to complete, finish”) (from πλήρης (plḗrēs, “complete, full”) (from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (“to fill”)) + -όω (-óō, suffix forming verbs with the sense of making someone be or do something)) + -μᾰ (-ma, suffix forming nouns denoting the result or effect of an action).\nSense 1.1 (“plant”) is borrowed from New Latin Pleroma, a genus name coined by the Scottish botanist David Don (1799–1841) in 1822, from Ancient Greek πλήρωμᾰ (plḗrōma) (see above) to describe the way the seeds of the plant filled the capsule.\nSense 2 (“state of perfect fullness”) is chiefly used in reference to Colossians 2:9 of the Bible: “Ὅτι ἐν αὐτῶῳ κατοικεῖ πᾶν τὸ πλήρωμα τῆς θεότητος σωματικῶς (Hóti en autôōi katoikeî pân tò plḗrōma tês theótētos sōmatikôs) [For in Christ all the fullness of the Deity lives in bodily form]”.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pleroma",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ple‧ro‧ma"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Gnosticism",
"orig": "en:Gnosticism",
"parents": [
"Christianity",
"Judaism",
"Mysticism",
"Religion",
"Abrahamism",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "32 23 20 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 24 18 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 23 16 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 23 17 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 26 17 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 25 15 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 25 16 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 30 20 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 26 16 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 26 16 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 26 16 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 25 16 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 29 15 27",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Myrtales order plants",
"orig": "en:Myrtales order plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Shrubs",
"Trees",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1974, Lawrence Durrell, “Macabru”, in Monsieur (The Avignon Quartet; 1), New York, N.Y.: Viking Press, published 1975, →ISBN, page 131:",
"text": "There is a way to comprehend the gnostic's giant onion of a world, the concentric circles, with the Pleroma beckoning there, the white heart of light, the source of that primal vision which for a second or two can recapture paradise.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Often preceded by the: the spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God."
],
"id": "en-pleroma-en-name-~JibDlvX",
"links": [
[
"Gnosticism",
"Gnosticism"
],
[
"the",
"the#Article"
],
[
"spiritual",
"spiritual#Adjective"
],
[
"universe",
"universe"
],
[
"seen",
"see#Verb"
],
[
"totality",
"totality"
],
[
"essence",
"essence"
],
[
"powers",
"power#Noun"
],
[
"God",
"God"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Gnosticism, historical) Often preceded by the: the spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Pleroma"
}
],
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"topics": [
"Gnosticism",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "pleroma",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"word": "պլերոմա"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pleroma"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"word": "pleroma"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"word": "pleromo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"word": "täyteys"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "plérôme"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Pleroma"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"word": "pléróma"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pleroma"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "purērōma",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"word": "プレーローマ"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "peulleroma",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"word": "플레로마"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pleroma"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"word": "pleroma"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pleróma",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "плеро́ма"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "плеро́ма"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "pleróma"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pléroma"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Pleroma"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"english": "Pleroma",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"word": "Плерома"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/plɪˈɹəʊmə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pleroma.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/de/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pleroma.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pleroma.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/de/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pleroma.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pleroma.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/pləˈɹoʊmə/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊmə"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Adam Black",
"David Don",
"Wernerian Natural History Society"
],
"word": "pleroma"
}
{
"categories": [
"English coinages",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English learned borrowings from Late Latin",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Late Latin",
"English terms borrowed from New Latin",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Koine Greek",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from New Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *-mn̥",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pleh₁-",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for gender in Dutch entries",
"Requests for gender in Hebrew entries",
"Requests for gender in Romanian entries",
"Requests for gender in Ukrainian entries",
"Rhymes:English/əʊmə",
"Rhymes:English/əʊmə/3 syllables",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"en:Myrtales order plants"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "pleromatic"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "princess flower",
"2": "Princess flower"
},
"expansion": "Princess flower",
"name": "vern"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Pleroma urvilleanum",
"2": "species"
},
"expansion": "Pleroma urvilleanum",
"name": "taxlink"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "plant"
},
"expansion": "sense 1.1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pleh₁-",
"4": "*-mn̥"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "pleroma",
"t": "(Gnosticism) spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Late Latin pleroma (“(Gnosticism) spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God”)",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc-koi",
"3": "πλήρωμᾰ",
"t": "(biblical) perfect fullness"
},
"expansion": "Koine Greek πλήρωμᾰ (plḗrōma, “(biblical) perfect fullness”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "πλήρωμᾰ",
"t": "that which fills, a complement; a filling up, a completing"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πλήρωμᾰ (plḗrōma, “that which fills, a complement; a filling up, a completing”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pleh₁-",
"t": "to fill"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (“to fill”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "plant",
"uc": "1"
},
"expansion": "Sense 1.1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "NL.",
"3": "Pleroma"
},
"expansion": "New Latin Pleroma",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "David Don",
"nat": "the Scottish",
"nobycat": "1",
"nocap": "1",
"occ": "botanist"
},
"expansion": "coined by the Scottish botanist David Don",
"name": "coinage"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "πλήρωμᾰ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πλήρωμᾰ (plḗrōma)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "North Bridge, Edinburgh"
},
"expansion": "[…]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πληρωμα"
},
"expansion": "πληρωμα",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πληρωμα"
},
"expansion": "πληρωμα",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Christianity",
"uc": "1"
},
"expansion": "Sense 2",
"name": "senseno"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Late Latin pleroma (“(Gnosticism) spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God”), from Koine Greek πλήρωμᾰ (plḗrōma, “(biblical) perfect fullness”), Ancient Greek πλήρωμᾰ (plḗrōma, “that which fills, a complement; a filling up, a completing”), from πληρόω (plēróō, “to make full, fill; to complete, finish”) (from πλήρης (plḗrēs, “complete, full”) (from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (“to fill”)) + -όω (-óō, suffix forming verbs with the sense of making someone be or do something)) + -μᾰ (-ma, suffix forming nouns denoting the result or effect of an action).\nSense 1.1 (“plant”) is borrowed from New Latin Pleroma, a genus name coined by the Scottish botanist David Don (1799–1841) in 1822, from Ancient Greek πλήρωμᾰ (plḗrōma) (see above) to describe the way the seeds of the plant filled the capsule.\nSense 2 (“state of perfect fullness”) is chiefly used in reference to Colossians 2:9 of the Bible: “Ὅτι ἐν αὐτῶῳ κατοικεῖ πᾶν τὸ πλήρωμα τῆς θεότητος σωματικῶς (Hóti en autôōi katoikeî pân tò plḗrōma tês theótētos sōmatikôs) [For in Christ all the fullness of the Deity lives in bodily form]”.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pleromas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "pleroma (countable and uncountable, plural pleromas)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ple‧ro‧ma"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Botany"
],
"glosses": [
"A plant of the genus Pleroma."
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"plant",
"plant#Noun"
],
[
"genus",
"genus"
],
[
"Pleroma",
"Pleroma#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany)",
"A plant of the genus Pleroma."
],
"senseid": [
"en:plant"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses",
"en:Botany"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1876 December 9, “[Punctum vegetationis, or Growing Point of Dicotyledonous Roots]”, in The Gardeners’ Chronicle. A Weekly Illustrated Journal of Horticulture and Allied Subjects, volume VI (New Series), number 154, London: Bradbury, Agnew, & Co., […], →OCLC, page 750, column 1:",
"text": "In his [Jakob Eriksson's] investigations of the meristem (the tissue from which the permanent tissues are formed) by dicotyledonous roots he found four types of growth, […] In the second type only two separate meristem tissues are present in the tips of the roots; a pleroma and a common tissue, from which the primary bark and epidermis and root-cap proceed.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1890 August 22, Edward Aveling, “Botany for Students. Chapter XXII.—The Root.”, in The English Mechanic and World of Science and Art. […], volume LI, number 1326, London: […] E[beneezer] J. Kibblewhite, […], →OCLC, page 543, column 2:",
"text": "[I]n the pleroma of the primary meristem of roots there is not only cambium (persistent parenchyma) and procambium (forerunner of fibres and vessels), but pericambium—i.e., a special outer layer of the plerome that remains for a long time as meristem.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2001, Russian Journal of Developmental Biology: A Journal of Original Papers and Reviews on Developmental and Cell Biology, volume 32, Moscow: Pleiades Publishing, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 205, column 1:",
"text": "In the pleroma of hyacinth and pea roots, t#x5F;#x7B;min#x7D; increases along the meristem, especially in its basal part[…].",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of plerome (“the central portion of the apical meristem in a growing plant root or stem which, according to the histogen theory, gives rise to the endodermis and stele”)"
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"plerome",
"plerome#English"
],
[
"central",
"central#Adjective"
],
[
"portion",
"portion#Noun"
],
[
"apical",
"apical#Adjective"
],
[
"meristem",
"meristem"
],
[
"growing",
"grow#Verb"
],
[
"root",
"root#Noun"
],
[
"stem",
"stem#Noun"
],
[
"histogen",
"histogen"
],
[
"theory",
"theory"
],
[
"gives rise to",
"give rise to"
],
[
"endodermis",
"endodermis"
],
[
"stele",
"stele"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany)",
"(archaic or obsolete, rare) Synonym of plerome (“the central portion of the apical meristem in a growing plant root or stem which, according to the histogen theory, gives rise to the endodermis and stele”)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "the central portion of the apical meristem in a growing plant root or stem which, according to the histogen theory, gives rise to the endodermis and stele",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "plerome"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"countable",
"obsolete",
"rare",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Christianity"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1697 May 5 (date written; Gregorian calendar), E. W. [i.e., Edward Stillingfleet], “Postscript”, in The Bishop of Worcester’s Answer to Mr. [John] Locke’s Letter, Concerning Some Passages Relating to His Essay of Humane Understanding, […], London: […] J. H. for Henry Mortlock […], published 1697, →OCLC, page 143:",
"text": "And is all this Cabala too, and only to be uſed when People are to be gulled with noiſy Nothings? i.e. with empty Pleroma's, and ſilent Thunderclaps.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A state of perfect fullness, especially of God's being as incarnated in Jesus Christ."
],
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"state",
"state#Noun"
],
[
"perfect",
"perfect#Adjective"
],
[
"fullness",
"fullness"
],
[
"God",
"God"
],
[
"being",
"being#Noun"
],
[
"incarnated",
"incarnate#Verb"
],
[
"Jesus Christ",
"Jesus Christ"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity) A state of perfect fullness, especially of God's being as incarnated in Jesus Christ."
],
"senseid": [
"en:Christianity"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/plɪˈɹəʊmə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pleroma.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/de/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pleroma.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pleroma.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/de/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pleroma.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pleroma.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/pləˈɹoʊmə/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊmə"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "plant of the genus Pleroma",
"word": "pleroma"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "pleroma",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"word": "պլերոմա"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pleroma"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"word": "pleromo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"word": "täyteys"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "plérôme"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Pleroma"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "plíroma",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "πλήρωμα"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "pleroma",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"word": "פלרומה"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pleroma"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "purērōma",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"word": "プレーローマ"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pleroma"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pleroma"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pleroma"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"word": "pleroma"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "plerom"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pleróma",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "плеро́ма"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "плеро́ма"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "pleróma"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pléroma"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "state of perfect fullness, especially of God’s being as incarnated in Jesus Christ",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Pleroma"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Adam Black",
"David Don",
"Wernerian Natural History Society"
],
"word": "pleroma"
}
{
"categories": [
"English coinages",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English learned borrowings from Late Latin",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Late Latin",
"English terms borrowed from New Latin",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Koine Greek",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from New Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *-mn̥",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pleh₁-",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for gender in Dutch entries",
"Requests for gender in Hebrew entries",
"Requests for gender in Romanian entries",
"Requests for gender in Ukrainian entries",
"Rhymes:English/əʊmə",
"Rhymes:English/əʊmə/3 syllables",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"en:Myrtales order plants"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "princess flower",
"2": "Princess flower"
},
"expansion": "Princess flower",
"name": "vern"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Pleroma urvilleanum",
"2": "species"
},
"expansion": "Pleroma urvilleanum",
"name": "taxlink"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "plant"
},
"expansion": "sense 1.1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pleh₁-",
"4": "*-mn̥"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "pleroma",
"t": "(Gnosticism) spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Late Latin pleroma (“(Gnosticism) spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God”)",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc-koi",
"3": "πλήρωμᾰ",
"t": "(biblical) perfect fullness"
},
"expansion": "Koine Greek πλήρωμᾰ (plḗrōma, “(biblical) perfect fullness”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "πλήρωμᾰ",
"t": "that which fills, a complement; a filling up, a completing"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πλήρωμᾰ (plḗrōma, “that which fills, a complement; a filling up, a completing”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pleh₁-",
"t": "to fill"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (“to fill”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "plant",
"uc": "1"
},
"expansion": "Sense 1.1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "NL.",
"3": "Pleroma"
},
"expansion": "New Latin Pleroma",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "David Don",
"nat": "the Scottish",
"nobycat": "1",
"nocap": "1",
"occ": "botanist"
},
"expansion": "coined by the Scottish botanist David Don",
"name": "coinage"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "πλήρωμᾰ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πλήρωμᾰ (plḗrōma)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "North Bridge, Edinburgh"
},
"expansion": "[…]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πληρωμα"
},
"expansion": "πληρωμα",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πληρωμα"
},
"expansion": "πληρωμα",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Christianity",
"uc": "1"
},
"expansion": "Sense 2",
"name": "senseno"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Late Latin pleroma (“(Gnosticism) spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God”), from Koine Greek πλήρωμᾰ (plḗrōma, “(biblical) perfect fullness”), Ancient Greek πλήρωμᾰ (plḗrōma, “that which fills, a complement; a filling up, a completing”), from πληρόω (plēróō, “to make full, fill; to complete, finish”) (from πλήρης (plḗrēs, “complete, full”) (from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (“to fill”)) + -όω (-óō, suffix forming verbs with the sense of making someone be or do something)) + -μᾰ (-ma, suffix forming nouns denoting the result or effect of an action).\nSense 1.1 (“plant”) is borrowed from New Latin Pleroma, a genus name coined by the Scottish botanist David Don (1799–1841) in 1822, from Ancient Greek πλήρωμᾰ (plḗrōma) (see above) to describe the way the seeds of the plant filled the capsule.\nSense 2 (“state of perfect fullness”) is chiefly used in reference to Colossians 2:9 of the Bible: “Ὅτι ἐν αὐτῶῳ κατοικεῖ πᾶν τὸ πλήρωμα τῆς θεότητος σωματικῶς (Hóti en autôōi katoikeî pân tò plḗrōma tês theótētos sōmatikôs) [For in Christ all the fullness of the Deity lives in bodily form]”.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pleroma",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ple‧ro‧ma"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Gnosticism"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1974, Lawrence Durrell, “Macabru”, in Monsieur (The Avignon Quartet; 1), New York, N.Y.: Viking Press, published 1975, →ISBN, page 131:",
"text": "There is a way to comprehend the gnostic's giant onion of a world, the concentric circles, with the Pleroma beckoning there, the white heart of light, the source of that primal vision which for a second or two can recapture paradise.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Often preceded by the: the spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God."
],
"links": [
[
"Gnosticism",
"Gnosticism"
],
[
"the",
"the#Article"
],
[
"spiritual",
"spiritual#Adjective"
],
[
"universe",
"universe"
],
[
"seen",
"see#Verb"
],
[
"totality",
"totality"
],
[
"essence",
"essence"
],
[
"powers",
"power#Noun"
],
[
"God",
"God"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Gnosticism, historical) Often preceded by the: the spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"topics": [
"Gnosticism",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/plɪˈɹəʊmə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pleroma.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/de/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pleroma.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pleroma.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/de/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pleroma.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pleroma.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/pləˈɹoʊmə/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊmə"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Pleroma"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "pleroma",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"word": "պլերոմա"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pleroma"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"word": "pleroma"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"word": "pleromo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"word": "täyteys"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "plérôme"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Pleroma"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"word": "pléróma"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pleroma"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "purērōma",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"word": "プレーローマ"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "peulleroma",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"word": "플레로마"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pleroma"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"word": "pleroma"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pleróma",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "плеро́ма"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "плеро́ма"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "pleróma"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pléroma"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Pleroma"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"english": "Pleroma",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"sense": "spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God",
"word": "Плерома"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Adam Black",
"David Don",
"Wernerian Natural History Society"
],
"word": "pleroma"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pleroma meaning in English (25.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.