See perspective in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for perspective meaning in English (23.0kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "perspectival"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "perspectivism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "point-projection perspective"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "side-perspective"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "twisted perspective"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*speḱ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "perspective",
"4": "perspective, perspectif"
},
"expansion": "Middle English perspective, perspectif",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old French",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle French",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "perspectiva",
"4": "perspectiva ars",
"5": "science of optics"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin perspectiva ars (“science of optics”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "perspectivus",
"4": "",
"5": "of sight, optical"
},
"expansion": "Latin perspectivus (“of sight, optical”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "perspectus"
},
"expansion": "perspectus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "perspicere",
"3": "",
"4": "to inspect, look through"
},
"expansion": "perspicere (“to inspect, look through”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "per-",
"3": "",
"4": "through"
},
"expansion": "per- (“through”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "specere",
"3": "",
"4": "to look at"
},
"expansion": "specere (“to look at”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "prospettiva"
},
"expansion": "Italian prospettiva",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "prospetto",
"3": "",
"4": "prospect"
},
"expansion": "prospetto (“prospect”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English perspective, perspectif, attested since 1381, from Old French or Middle French, from the first word of the Medieval Latin perspectiva ars (“science of optics”), the feminine of Latin perspectivus (“of sight, optical”), from perspectus, the past participle of perspicere (“to inspect, look through”), itself from per- (“through”) + specere (“to look at”); the noun sense was influenced or mediated by Italian prospettiva, from prospetto (“prospect”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "perspectives",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "perspective (countable and uncountable, plural perspectives)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "linear perspective"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "metaperspective"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "microperspective"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "atmospheric perspective"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "forced perspective"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "in perspective"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "isometric perspective"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "perspicacious"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "perspicacity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "perspicuity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "perspicuous"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "perspicuously"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "put something into perspective"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "two-point perspective"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A view, vista or outlook."
],
"id": "en-perspective-en-noun-rUzIkAQZ",
"links": [
[
"view",
"view"
],
[
"vista",
"vista"
],
[
"outlook",
"outlook"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "82 5 1 1 9 1 1 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "manẓūr",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مَنْظُور"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 5 1 1 9 1 1 1",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "heṙankar",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"word": "հեռանկար"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 5 1 1 9 1 1 1",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "perspektýva",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пэрспэкты́ва"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 5 1 1 9 1 1 1",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "výhljad",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "вы́гляд"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 5 1 1 9 1 1 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "perspektíva",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "перспекти́ва"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 5 1 1 9 1 1 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspectiva"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 5 1 1 9 1 1 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "udsigt"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 5 1 1 9 1 1 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "perspektiv"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 5 1 1 9 1 1 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "perspectief"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 5 1 1 9 1 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"word": "näkymä"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 5 1 1 9 1 1 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspectiva"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 5 1 1 9 1 1 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Aussicht"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 5 1 1 9 1 1 1",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"word": "perspektif"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 5 1 1 9 1 1 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "prospettiva"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 5 1 1 9 1 1 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "punkt widzenia"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 5 1 1 9 1 1 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspektywa"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 5 1 1 9 1 1 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspectiva"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 5 1 1 9 1 1 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspetiva"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 5 1 1 9 1 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "perspektíva",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "перспекти́ва"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 5 1 1 9 1 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vid",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "вид"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 5 1 1 9 1 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obzór",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "обзо́р"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 5 1 1 9 1 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rákurs",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ра́курс"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 5 1 1 9 1 1 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspectiva"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 5 1 1 9 1 1 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "perspektýva",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"word": "перспекти́ва"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 5 1 1 9 1 1 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "ohljád",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"word": "огля́д"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 5 1 1 9 1 1 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rákurs",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"word": "ра́курс"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The appearance of depth in objects, especially as perceived using binocular vision."
],
"id": "en-perspective-en-noun-2vNH6JtK",
"links": [
[
"appearance",
"appearance"
],
[
"depth",
"depth"
],
[
"object",
"object"
],
[
"perceive",
"perceive"
],
[
"binocular",
"binocular"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 72 6 8 2 4 1 2",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "appearance of depth in objects",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspeutiva"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 72 6 8 2 4 1 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "perspektíva",
"sense": "appearance of depth in objects",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "перспекти́ва"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 72 6 8 2 4 1 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "appearance of depth in objects",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspectiva"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 72 6 8 2 4 1 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "appearance of depth in objects",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "perspectief"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 72 6 8 2 4 1 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "appearance of depth in objects",
"word": "dieptezicht"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 72 6 8 2 4 1 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "appearance of depth in objects",
"word": "perspektiivi"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 72 6 8 2 4 1 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "appearance of depth in objects",
"word": "syvyysvaikutelma"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 72 6 8 2 4 1 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "appearance of depth in objects",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspectiva"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 72 6 8 2 4 1 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "appearance of depth in objects",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Perspektive"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 72 6 8 2 4 1 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "prooptikí",
"sense": "appearance of depth in objects",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "προοπτική"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 72 6 8 2 4 1 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "appearance of depth in objects",
"word": "prospettiva"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 72 6 8 2 4 1 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "appearance of depth in objects",
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspectiva"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 72 6 8 2 4 1 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "appearance of depth in objects",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspetiva"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 72 6 8 2 4 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "perspektíva",
"sense": "appearance of depth in objects",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "перспекти́ва"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 72 6 8 2 4 1 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "appearance of depth in objects",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspectiva"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 72 6 8 2 4 1 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "perspektýva",
"sense": "appearance of depth in objects",
"word": "перспекти́ва"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface."
],
"id": "en-perspective-en-noun-oIrymcoi",
"links": [
[
"technique",
"technique"
],
[
"representing",
"representing"
],
[
"three-dimensional",
"three-dimensional"
],
[
"two-dimensional",
"two-dimensional"
],
[
"surface",
"surface"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 3 80 8 1 1 1 5",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspeutiva"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 80 8 1 1 1 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "proekcija",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "проекция"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 80 8 1 1 1 5",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspectiva"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 80 8 1 1 1 5",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspektiva"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 80 8 1 1 1 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "perspectief"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 80 8 1 1 1 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"word": "doorzichtkunde"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 80 8 1 1 1 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"word": "perspektiivikuva"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 80 8 1 1 1 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"word": "projektio"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 80 8 1 1 1 5",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspectiva"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 80 8 1 1 1 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Perspektive"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 80 8 1 1 1 5",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"word": "perspektif"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 80 8 1 1 1 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"word": "prospettiva"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 80 8 1 1 1 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspectiva"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 80 8 1 1 1 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspetiva"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 80 8 1 1 1 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "perspektíva",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "перспекти́ва"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 80 8 1 1 1 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "projékcija",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "прое́кция"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 80 8 1 1 1 5",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspektíva"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 80 8 1 1 1 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspectiva"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 80 8 1 1 1 5",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"word": "sawang"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 80 8 1 1 1 5",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"word": "ทัศนมิติ"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 80 8 1 1 1 5",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "perspektýva",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"word": "перспекти́ва"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 80 8 1 1 1 5",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "proékcija",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"word": "прое́кція"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"An artwork that represents three-dimensional objects in this way."
],
"id": "en-perspective-en-noun-o5frHlej",
"links": [
[
"artwork",
"artwork"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) An artwork that represents three-dimensional objects in this way."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"dated",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The choice of a single angle or point of view from which to sense, categorize, measure or codify experience."
],
"id": "en-perspective-en-noun-DCvXCGAm",
"links": [
[
"point of view",
"point of view"
],
[
"sense",
"sense"
],
[
"categorize",
"categorize"
],
[
"measure",
"measure"
],
[
"codify",
"codify"
],
[
"experience",
"experience"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) The choice of a single angle or point of view from which to sense, categorize, measure or codify experience."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"figuratively",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "15 3 1 2 76 2 2 1",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "ditankyun",
"sense": "choice of a single point of view",
"word": "դիտանկյուն"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 3 1 2 76 2 2 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "perspektíva",
"sense": "choice of a single point of view",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "перспекти́ва"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 3 1 2 76 2 2 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "choice of a single point of view",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "perspectief"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 3 1 2 76 2 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "choice of a single point of view",
"word": "näkökulma"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 3 1 2 76 2 2 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "choice of a single point of view",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspectiva"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 3 1 2 76 2 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "choice of a single point of view",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Perspektive"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 3 1 2 76 2 2 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "choice of a single point of view",
"word": "prospettiva"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 3 1 2 76 2 2 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "choice of a single point of view",
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspectiva"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 3 1 2 76 2 2 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "choice of a single point of view",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspetiva"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 3 1 2 76 2 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "perspektíva",
"sense": "choice of a single point of view",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "перспекти́ва"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 3 1 2 76 2 2 1",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "mum-mɔɔng",
"sense": "choice of a single point of view",
"word": "มุมมอง"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 3 1 2 76 2 2 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "perspektýva",
"sense": "choice of a single point of view",
"word": "перспекти́ва"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The ability to consider things in such relative perspective."
],
"id": "en-perspective-en-noun-WKGEAyv1",
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1645, Joseph Hall, The Peace-Maker",
"text": "[…] our predecessors; who could never have believed, that there were such lunets about some of the planets, as our late perspectives have descried […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A perspective glass."
],
"id": "en-perspective-en-noun-Tw6mRBGz",
"links": [
[
"perspective glass",
"perspective glass"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A sound recording technique to adjust and integrate sound sources seemingly naturally."
],
"id": "en-perspective-en-noun-RI6LODod",
"links": [
[
"sound",
"sound"
],
[
"recording",
"recording"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɚˈspɛk.tɪv/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-perspective.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/En-us-perspective.ogg/En-us-perspective.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/95/En-us-perspective.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "perspective"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*speḱ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "perspective",
"4": "perspective, perspectif"
},
"expansion": "Middle English perspective, perspectif",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old French",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle French",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "perspectiva",
"4": "perspectiva ars",
"5": "science of optics"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin perspectiva ars (“science of optics”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "perspectivus",
"4": "",
"5": "of sight, optical"
},
"expansion": "Latin perspectivus (“of sight, optical”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "perspectus"
},
"expansion": "perspectus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "perspicere",
"3": "",
"4": "to inspect, look through"
},
"expansion": "perspicere (“to inspect, look through”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "per-",
"3": "",
"4": "through"
},
"expansion": "per- (“through”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "specere",
"3": "",
"4": "to look at"
},
"expansion": "specere (“to look at”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "prospettiva"
},
"expansion": "Italian prospettiva",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "prospetto",
"3": "",
"4": "prospect"
},
"expansion": "prospetto (“prospect”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English perspective, perspectif, attested since 1381, from Old French or Middle French, from the first word of the Medieval Latin perspectiva ars (“science of optics”), the feminine of Latin perspectivus (“of sight, optical”), from perspectus, the past participle of perspicere (“to inspect, look through”), itself from per- (“through”) + specere (“to look at”); the noun sense was influenced or mediated by Italian prospettiva, from prospetto (“prospect”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "perspective (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "omnispective"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a perspective drawing",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of, in or relating to perspective."
],
"id": "en-perspective-en-adj-q6wEpQoT",
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "perspektíven",
"sense": "of, in or relating to perspective",
"word": "перспекти́вен"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "of, in or relating to perspective",
"word": "perspektivisk"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of, in or relating to perspective",
"word": "perspectivisch"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of, in or relating to perspective",
"word": "perspectif"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of, in or relating to perspective",
"word": "perspectivo"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of, in or relating to perspective",
"word": "perspéctico"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 41 2 28 1 10 10 3 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Providing visual aid; of or relating to the science of vision; optical."
],
"id": "en-perspective-en-adj-jfvyx3KY",
"links": [
[
"visual",
"visual"
],
[
"aid",
"aid"
],
[
"optical",
"optical"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Providing visual aid; of or relating to the science of vision; optical."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɚˈspɛk.tɪv/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-perspective.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/En-us-perspective.ogg/En-us-perspective.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/95/En-us-perspective.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "perspective"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 3-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *speḱ-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Requests for review of French translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "perspectival"
},
{
"word": "perspectivism"
},
{
"word": "point-projection perspective"
},
{
"word": "side-perspective"
},
{
"word": "twisted perspective"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*speḱ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "perspective",
"4": "perspective, perspectif"
},
"expansion": "Middle English perspective, perspectif",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old French",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle French",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "perspectiva",
"4": "perspectiva ars",
"5": "science of optics"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin perspectiva ars (“science of optics”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "perspectivus",
"4": "",
"5": "of sight, optical"
},
"expansion": "Latin perspectivus (“of sight, optical”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "perspectus"
},
"expansion": "perspectus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "perspicere",
"3": "",
"4": "to inspect, look through"
},
"expansion": "perspicere (“to inspect, look through”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "per-",
"3": "",
"4": "through"
},
"expansion": "per- (“through”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "specere",
"3": "",
"4": "to look at"
},
"expansion": "specere (“to look at”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "prospettiva"
},
"expansion": "Italian prospettiva",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "prospetto",
"3": "",
"4": "prospect"
},
"expansion": "prospetto (“prospect”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English perspective, perspectif, attested since 1381, from Old French or Middle French, from the first word of the Medieval Latin perspectiva ars (“science of optics”), the feminine of Latin perspectivus (“of sight, optical”), from perspectus, the past participle of perspicere (“to inspect, look through”), itself from per- (“through”) + specere (“to look at”); the noun sense was influenced or mediated by Italian prospettiva, from prospetto (“prospect”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "perspectives",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "perspective (countable and uncountable, plural perspectives)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "linear perspective"
},
{
"word": "metaperspective"
},
{
"word": "microperspective"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "atmospheric perspective"
},
{
"word": "forced perspective"
},
{
"word": "in perspective"
},
{
"word": "isometric perspective"
},
{
"word": "perspicacious"
},
{
"word": "perspicacity"
},
{
"word": "perspicuity"
},
{
"word": "perspicuous"
},
{
"word": "perspicuously"
},
{
"word": "put something into perspective"
},
{
"word": "two-point perspective"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A view, vista or outlook."
],
"links": [
[
"view",
"view"
],
[
"vista",
"vista"
],
[
"outlook",
"outlook"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The appearance of depth in objects, especially as perceived using binocular vision."
],
"links": [
[
"appearance",
"appearance"
],
[
"depth",
"depth"
],
[
"object",
"object"
],
[
"perceive",
"perceive"
],
[
"binocular",
"binocular"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface."
],
"links": [
[
"technique",
"technique"
],
[
"representing",
"representing"
],
[
"three-dimensional",
"three-dimensional"
],
[
"two-dimensional",
"two-dimensional"
],
[
"surface",
"surface"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English dated terms"
],
"glosses": [
"An artwork that represents three-dimensional objects in this way."
],
"links": [
[
"artwork",
"artwork"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) An artwork that represents three-dimensional objects in this way."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"dated",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The choice of a single angle or point of view from which to sense, categorize, measure or codify experience."
],
"links": [
[
"point of view",
"point of view"
],
[
"sense",
"sense"
],
[
"categorize",
"categorize"
],
[
"measure",
"measure"
],
[
"codify",
"codify"
],
[
"experience",
"experience"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) The choice of a single angle or point of view from which to sense, categorize, measure or codify experience."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"figuratively",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The ability to consider things in such relative perspective."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1645, Joseph Hall, The Peace-Maker",
"text": "[…] our predecessors; who could never have believed, that there were such lunets about some of the planets, as our late perspectives have descried […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A perspective glass."
],
"links": [
[
"perspective glass",
"perspective glass"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A sound recording technique to adjust and integrate sound sources seemingly naturally."
],
"links": [
[
"sound",
"sound"
],
[
"recording",
"recording"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɚˈspɛk.tɪv/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-perspective.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/En-us-perspective.ogg/En-us-perspective.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/95/En-us-perspective.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "manẓūr",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مَنْظُور"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "heṙankar",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"word": "հեռանկար"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "perspektýva",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пэрспэкты́ва"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "výhljad",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "вы́гляд"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "perspektíva",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "перспекти́ва"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspectiva"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "udsigt"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "perspektiv"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "perspectief"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"word": "näkymä"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspectiva"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Aussicht"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"word": "perspektif"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "prospettiva"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "punkt widzenia"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspektywa"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspectiva"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspetiva"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "perspektíva",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "перспекти́ва"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vid",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "вид"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obzór",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "обзо́р"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rákurs",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ра́курс"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspectiva"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "perspektýva",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"word": "перспекти́ва"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "ohljád",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"word": "огля́д"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rákurs",
"sense": "view, vista or outlook",
"word": "ра́курс"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "appearance of depth in objects",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspeutiva"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "perspektíva",
"sense": "appearance of depth in objects",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "перспекти́ва"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "appearance of depth in objects",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspectiva"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "appearance of depth in objects",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "perspectief"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "appearance of depth in objects",
"word": "dieptezicht"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "appearance of depth in objects",
"word": "perspektiivi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "appearance of depth in objects",
"word": "syvyysvaikutelma"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "appearance of depth in objects",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspectiva"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "appearance of depth in objects",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Perspektive"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "prooptikí",
"sense": "appearance of depth in objects",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "προοπτική"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "appearance of depth in objects",
"word": "prospettiva"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "appearance of depth in objects",
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspectiva"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "appearance of depth in objects",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspetiva"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "perspektíva",
"sense": "appearance of depth in objects",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "перспекти́ва"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "appearance of depth in objects",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspectiva"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "perspektýva",
"sense": "appearance of depth in objects",
"word": "перспекти́ва"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspeutiva"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "proekcija",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "проекция"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspectiva"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspektiva"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "perspectief"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"word": "doorzichtkunde"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"word": "perspektiivikuva"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"word": "projektio"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspectiva"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Perspektive"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"word": "perspektif"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"word": "prospettiva"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspectiva"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspetiva"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "perspektíva",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "перспекти́ва"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "projékcija",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "прое́кция"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspektíva"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspectiva"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"word": "sawang"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"word": "ทัศนมิติ"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "perspektýva",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"word": "перспекти́ва"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "proékcija",
"sense": "technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface",
"word": "прое́кція"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "ditankyun",
"sense": "choice of a single point of view",
"word": "դիտանկյուն"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "perspektíva",
"sense": "choice of a single point of view",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "перспекти́ва"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "choice of a single point of view",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "perspectief"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "choice of a single point of view",
"word": "näkökulma"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "choice of a single point of view",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspectiva"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "choice of a single point of view",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Perspektive"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "choice of a single point of view",
"word": "prospettiva"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "choice of a single point of view",
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspectiva"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "choice of a single point of view",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"feminine"
],
"word": "perspetiva"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "perspektíva",
"sense": "choice of a single point of view",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "перспекти́ва"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "mum-mɔɔng",
"sense": "choice of a single point of view",
"word": "มุมมอง"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "perspektýva",
"sense": "choice of a single point of view",
"word": "перспекти́ва"
}
],
"word": "perspective"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 3-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *speḱ-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Requests for review of French translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*speḱ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "perspective",
"4": "perspective, perspectif"
},
"expansion": "Middle English perspective, perspectif",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old French",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle French",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "perspectiva",
"4": "perspectiva ars",
"5": "science of optics"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin perspectiva ars (“science of optics”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "perspectivus",
"4": "",
"5": "of sight, optical"
},
"expansion": "Latin perspectivus (“of sight, optical”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "perspectus"
},
"expansion": "perspectus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "perspicere",
"3": "",
"4": "to inspect, look through"
},
"expansion": "perspicere (“to inspect, look through”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "per-",
"3": "",
"4": "through"
},
"expansion": "per- (“through”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "specere",
"3": "",
"4": "to look at"
},
"expansion": "specere (“to look at”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "prospettiva"
},
"expansion": "Italian prospettiva",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "prospetto",
"3": "",
"4": "prospect"
},
"expansion": "prospetto (“prospect”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English perspective, perspectif, attested since 1381, from Old French or Middle French, from the first word of the Medieval Latin perspectiva ars (“science of optics”), the feminine of Latin perspectivus (“of sight, optical”), from perspectus, the past participle of perspicere (“to inspect, look through”), itself from per- (“through”) + specere (“to look at”); the noun sense was influenced or mediated by Italian prospettiva, from prospetto (“prospect”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "perspective (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "omnispective"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a perspective drawing",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of, in or relating to perspective."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Providing visual aid; of or relating to the science of vision; optical."
],
"links": [
[
"visual",
"visual"
],
[
"aid",
"aid"
],
[
"optical",
"optical"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Providing visual aid; of or relating to the science of vision; optical."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɚˈspɛk.tɪv/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-perspective.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/En-us-perspective.ogg/En-us-perspective.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/95/En-us-perspective.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "perspektíven",
"sense": "of, in or relating to perspective",
"word": "перспекти́вен"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "of, in or relating to perspective",
"word": "perspektivisk"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of, in or relating to perspective",
"word": "perspectivisch"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of, in or relating to perspective",
"word": "perspectif"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of, in or relating to perspective",
"word": "perspectivo"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of, in or relating to perspective",
"word": "perspéctico"
}
],
"word": "perspective"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (fc4f0c7 and c937495). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.