See panda in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for panda meaning in English (36.3kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "dumpster panda"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "garbage panda"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "trash panda"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "happy panda"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "Mutillidae spp.",
"word": "panda ant"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "panda car"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "panda crossing"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "panda diplomacy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "panda dolphin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "panda eyes"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "panda hugger"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "pandalike"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "pandamonium"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "†Ailuropoda microta",
"word": "pygmy giant panda"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "reverse panda"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "sad panda"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "panda",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Malay: panda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Malay: panda"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "パンダ",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "panda"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese: パンダ (panda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Japanese: パンダ (panda)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "판다",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 판다 (panda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Korean: 판다 (panda)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "panda",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Tagalog: panda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tagalog: panda"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "แพนด้า",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Thai: แพนด้า (pɛn-dâa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Thai: แพนด้า (pɛn-dâa)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "panda"
},
"expansion": "French panda",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "unclear ultimate origin"
},
"expansion": "unclear ultimate origin",
"name": "unknown"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ne",
"3": "निँगाले",
"t": "relating to a certain species of bamboo"
},
"expansion": "Nepali निँगाले (nĩgāle, “relating to a certain species of bamboo”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective",
"2": "adjectival"
},
"expansion": "adjectival",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ne",
"2": "निँगालो"
},
"expansion": "निँगालो (nĩgālo)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Drepanostachyum intermedium",
"2": "species"
},
"expansion": "Drepanostachyum intermedium",
"name": "taxlink"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ne",
"2": "निङालो",
"t": "Drepanostachyum intermedium, a species of bamboo"
},
"expansion": "निङालो (niṅālo, “Drepanostachyum intermedium, a species of bamboo”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bo",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Tibetan",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bo",
"2": "ཕོ་ཉ",
"t": "messenger"
},
"expansion": "Tibetan ཕོ་ཉ (pho nya, “messenger”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Attributive"
},
"expansion": "Attributive",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French panda, of unclear ultimate origin but probably from the second element of nigálya-pónya, a local name for the red panda recorded in Nepal and Sikkim by Brian Houghton Hodgson (1800 or 1801 – 1894), an ethnologist, naturalist and the British Resident of Nepal, possibly from Nepali निँगाले (nĩgāle, “relating to a certain species of bamboo”) (the adjectival form of निँगालो (nĩgālo), a variant of निङालो (niṅālo, “Drepanostachyum intermedium, a species of bamboo”)) + a regional Tibetan name for the animal (compare regional Tibetan ཕོ་ཉ (pho nya, “messenger”)).\nAttributive uses of sense 2 (“giant panda”) generally refer to that animal’s distinctive black and white coat colour.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pandas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "panda (plural pandas)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pan‧da"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 33 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 37 30 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 32 34 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 30 30 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English heteronyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2011, Angela R. Glatston, “Introduction”, in Angela R. Glatston, editor, Red Panda: Biology and Conservation of the First Panda, London, Burlington, Mass.: Academic Press, page 7",
"text": "The red panda's history in zoos begins some 40 years after its discovery. The first one to be seen outside of its natural range arrived at London Zoo on 22nd May 1869, [...] On arrival at the zoo, the last surviving panda was given into the care of Abraham Bartlett, the superintendent of the zoo. [...] The feeding instructions that came with the panda said it should be given milk, a little rice and grass each day. [...] Bartlett felt that the suggested diet was not adequate and set out to find what the animal would accept; [...] Unfortunately, although it ate well, this first zoo red panda was not destined for a long life, it died suddenly during the night of 12 December 1869, a little over 6 months after its arrival.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The red panda (Ailurus fulgens), a small raccoon-like animal of northeast Asia with reddish fur and a long, ringed tail."
],
"id": "en-panda-en-noun-IBtaV5mx",
"links": [
[
"red panda",
"red panda"
],
[
"Ailurus fulgens",
"Ailurus fulgens#Translingual"
],
[
"raccoon",
"raccoon"
],
[
"northeast",
"northeast"
],
[
"Asia",
"Asia"
],
[
"ringed",
"ringed"
],
[
"tail",
"tail"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(now rare without a qualifying word) The red panda (Ailurus fulgens), a small raccoon-like animal of northeast Asia with reddish fur and a long, ringed tail."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "bear cat"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "cat bear"
},
{
"word": "lesser panda"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "wah"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"without a qualifying word"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca",
"word": "giant panda"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 33 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 37 30 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 32 34 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 30 30 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English heteronyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 42 22 3",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Ursids",
"orig": "en:Ursids",
"parents": [
"Carnivores",
"Mammals",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Short for giant panda (“Ailuropoda melanoleuca”)."
],
"id": "en-panda-en-noun-ZIm-VCuh",
"links": [
[
"giant panda",
"giant panda#English"
],
[
"Ailuropoda melanoleuca",
"Ailuropoda melanoleuca"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, also attributively) Short for giant panda (“Ailuropoda melanoleuca”)."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "mottled bear"
},
{
"tags": [
"Canada",
"US"
],
"word": "panda bear"
}
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"also",
"alt-of",
"attributive",
"colloquial"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "am",
"lang": "Amharic",
"roman": "panda",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "ፓንዳ"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "banda",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "بَنْدَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ba:n da:",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "بانْدا"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "an",
"lang": "Aragonese",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panda"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "panda",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "պանդա"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "bor panda",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "বৰ পাণ্ডা"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "daṅor panda",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "ডাঙৰ পাণ্ডা"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "panda bhaluk",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "পাণ্ডা ভালুক"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pánda",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "па́нда"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "panḍa",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "পান্ডা"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pánda",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "па́нда"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panda"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "tsina yona",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "ᏥᎾ ᏲᎾ"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "熊貓"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "yue",
"english": "hung⁴ maau¹",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "熊猫"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "大熊貓"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "daai⁶ hung⁴ maau¹",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "大熊猫"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "熊貓"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xióngmāo",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "熊猫"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "大熊貓"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dàxióngmāo",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "大熊猫"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "貓熊"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "māoxióng",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "猫熊"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "大貓熊"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dàmāoxióng",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "大猫熊"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "panda velká"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panda"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kæmpepanda"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panda"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pandabeer"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "dz",
"lang": "Dzongkha",
"roman": "byi li dom",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "བྱི་ལི་དོམ"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "pando"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "isopanda"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "jättiläispanda"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "panda"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "pandakarhu"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panda"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ṗanda",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "პანდა"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "didi ṗanda",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "დიდი პანდა"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "bambuḳis datvi",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "ბამბუკის დათვი"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "Panda"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Pandabär"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "pánta",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "πάντα"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "haw",
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "hunamāu"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "haw",
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "pea kina"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "pánda",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "פנדה"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "pāṇḍā",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "पांडा"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "panda"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "panda"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pandabjörn"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pandabirna"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bambusbjörn"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "panda"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ollphanda"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panda"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panda"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "panda",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "パンダ"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kumaneko",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "熊猫"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "irowakeguma",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "イロワケグマ"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shirokuroguma",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "シロクログマ"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "klaa kmum pʰɛɛndaa",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "ខ្លាឃ្មុំភែនដា"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "khlaa khmum pheendaa",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "ខ្លាឃ្មុំផេនដា"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "pheendaa",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "ផេនដា"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "panda",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "판다"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "panda",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "панда"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
],
"word": "ڤندا"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"Rumi"
],
"word": "panda"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "xulsny baavgaj",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "хулсны баавгай"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "panda",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"common"
],
"word": "панда"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "malar ötög",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"China",
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "малар өтөг"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "qulusun-ü baɣabaɣai",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"Mongolian"
],
"word": "ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠᠢ"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "panda",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"Mongolian"
],
"word": "ᠫᠠᠨᠳᠠ"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "malur ötege",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"Mongolian"
],
"word": "ᠮᠠᠯᠤᠷ ᠥᠲᠡᠭᠡ"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "ne",
"lang": "Nepali",
"roman": "pānḍā",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "पान्डा"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panda"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panda"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "pandabjørn"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "kjempepanda"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "xers-e pândâ",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "خرس پاندا"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "pândâ",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "پاندا"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "panda"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panda"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panda"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "urs panda"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pánda",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "па́нда"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bambukovyj medvedʹ",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "бамбуковый медведь"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "панда"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "panda"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "panda"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panda"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "panda"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "jättepanda"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "pandabjörn"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "panda"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "pɛn-dâa",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "แพนด้า"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "mǐi-pɛɛn-dâa",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "หมีแพนด้า"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "dom khra",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "དོམ་ཁྲ"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pánda",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "па́нда"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "pāṇḍā",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "پانڈا"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "müshük'ëyiq",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "مۈشۈكئېيىق"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "gấu trúc"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "pande",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "פּאַנדע"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "za",
"lang": "Zhuang",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "yungzmauh"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 60 14",
"code": "za",
"lang": "Zhuang",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "muimeuz"
}
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "a black-and-white police car",
"word": "panda car"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Law enforcement",
"orig": "en:Law enforcement",
"parents": [
"Crime prevention",
"Emergency services",
"Law",
"Crime",
"Public safety",
"Justice",
"Criminal law",
"Society",
"Public administration",
"Security",
"All topics",
"Government",
"Fundamental",
"Politics"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "37 33 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 37 30 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 32 34 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 30 30 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English heteronyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1975, Darcus Howe, editor, Race Today, London: Race Today Collective, →OCLC, page 279",
"text": "Before the confrontation, the youth sighted a police personnel carrier, two dog patrol vans, a motorway style car, at least two pandas and one unmarked police car.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Short for panda car (“a black-and-white police car”)."
],
"id": "en-panda-en-noun-4VCd4r0A",
"links": [
[
"law enforcement",
"law enforcement"
],
[
"panda car",
"panda car#English"
],
[
"black-and-white",
"black-and-white"
],
[
"police car",
"police car"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Britain, law enforcement, colloquial) Short for panda car (“a black-and-white police car”)."
],
"tags": [
"Britain",
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"colloquial"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"law-enforcement"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpændə/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"homophone": "pander (non-rhotic accents)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ændə"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-panda.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/da/En-us-panda.ogg/En-us-panda.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/En-us-panda.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brian Houghton Hodgson"
],
"word": "panda"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hi",
"3": "पंडा"
},
"expansion": "Hindi पंडा (paṇḍā)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pa",
"3": "ਪਾਂਡਾ"
},
"expansion": "Punjabi ਪਾਂਡਾ (pāṇḍā)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sa",
"3": "पण्डित",
"t": "learned, wise; learned man, pundit, scholar, teacher; Hindu Brahmin who has memorized a substantial proportion of the Vedas"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit पण्डित (paṇḍita, “learned, wise; learned man, pundit, scholar, teacher; Hindu Brahmin who has memorized a substantial proportion of the Vedas”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pundit"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of pundit",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Hindi पंडा (paṇḍā) and Punjabi ਪਾਂਡਾ (pāṇḍā), both from Sanskrit पण्डित (paṇḍita, “learned, wise; learned man, pundit, scholar, teacher; Hindu Brahmin who has memorized a substantial proportion of the Vedas”). Doublet of pundit.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pandas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "panda (plural pandas)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pan‧da"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Hinduism",
"orig": "en:Hinduism",
"parents": [
"India",
"Religion",
"Asia",
"Culture",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Society",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
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}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1811–1812, Francis Buchanan, “Religion and Sects”, in J[ohn] F[rancis] W[illiam] J[ames], editor, An Account of the Districts of Bihar and Patna in 1811–1812 […], Patna, Bihar: Published by the Bihar and Orissa Research Society and printed by the Calcutta Oriental Press […], published [1926], →OCLC, book II (Of the People), section II (Of the Hindus), page 380",
"text": "There are therefore in this district no Varna or degraded Brahmans nor are those at all disgraced who officiate in any temple as Pandas.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "[1862, “PANDA: PUNDA”, in Edward Balfour, editor, The Second Supplement, with Index, to the Cyclopædia of India and of Eastern and Southern Asia, […], Madras, Tamil Nadu: Printed for the editor at the Athenæum Press, Adelphi Press and Union Press, by Messrs. Pharaoh and Co., Gantz Brothers, and Cookson and Co., →OCLC, page 83",
"text": "PANDA: PUNDA. Hind[i] and Beng[ali]. The proprietary or presiding priest of a Hindoo temple of Siva usually though not invariably a Brahman. The office is hereditary, and in some places, as at Benares, the Panda officiates only on particular occasions, the duties of daily worship being performed by inferior priests or Pujaris in his employ. The term is also applied to a priest who is stationary at any particular place or shrine.]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1879, Mrs. J. C. Murray Aynsley [i.e., Harriet Georgiana Maria Murray Aynsley], chapter XI, in Our Visit to Hindostán, Kashmir, and Ladakh, London: W[illia]m H. Allen & Co., […] publishers to the India Office, →OCLC, page 155",
"text": "The pilgrims are required first to bathe in the Marnikarnika Kund (or tank) near the ghât of that name, taking with them flowers and uncooked rice. [...] [T]hey must make presents to the pandas, who are certain privileged hereditary Brahmins. Whilst the pilgrim is in the water, the pandas repeat some Sanscrit verses; [...]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1961, Prakash Tandon, chapter 1, in Punjabi Century: 1857–1947, London: Chatto and Windus, →OCLC; republished Berkeley, Los Angeles, Calif.: University of California Press, 1973, page 9",
"text": "Whenever there is a death in the family, someone will go to Hardwar to immerse the ashes of the departed. There our family has its own panda, as these priests are called, who at his death is succeeded by his son. He maintains the family records in long, old-fashioned Indian ledgers, covered in red cloth, in which he writes down the length of the page. [...] When I first visited Hardwar I only had to say I was a Tandon from Gujrat, and from a crowd of pandas our priest came forward and reeled off our whole family tree for several generations.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1994, Jonathan P. Parry, “Shares and Chicanery”, in Death in Banaras (Lewis Henry Morgan Lectures; 1988), Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Cambridge University Press, part II (Death as a Living), page 108",
"text": "'The mafia-like activities' and 'growing internal competition' of the contemporary panda community are the consequence of an almost complete breakdown of the old configuration. Durable long-term relations between priests and their patrons have been replaced by 'the emergence of a totally impersonal religious market' [...], a controlled trickle of elite donors by a torrent of hoi polloi pilgrims, and the relationship between panda and pilgrim has been replaced by that between panda and agent as the pivot of the system.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1998, Salabega, “Where Do You Take My Lord”, in Niranjan Mohanty, transl., White Whispers: (Selected Poems of Salabega): Translated from the Oriya Original, New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi, page 50",
"text": "Many a time, the temple received unkind ravishments from the non-Hindu attackers. [...] The frightened pandas of Puri considered Lord Jagannatha to be the living and loving god, the caretaker of their beings and their country. They had no other option but to hide the Lord from the clutches of the javanas. It is learnt from history and the contemporary literature that the pandas used to carry the Lord to distant hills and mountainous ranges.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2009, Amitav Ghosh, Sea of Poppies, London: John Murray; republished New York, N.Y.: Picador, 2009, page 135",
"text": "I may be man of commerce in your eyes, Miss—and in this age of evil, who is not?—but are you aware that eleven generations of my ancestors have been pandas at one of Nabadwip's most famous temples?",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2010, James G. Lochtefeld, “The Hardwar Pandas”, in God’s Gateway: Identity and Meaning in a Hindu Pilgrimage Place, New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, page 124",
"text": "As at most Hindu pilgrimage sites, Hardwar has a group of local brahmins who serve as hereditary pilgrim guides. The most respectful name for them is tirtha purohit (a tirtha \"priest'), but the more common name is panda, a short form of pandita (\"a learned man\"). Pandas arrange for their clients' material and ritual needs, and they also officiate at certain life-cycle ceremonies (samskaras). In return, their clients give them fees and gifts.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2010 March 9, Rith Basu, “Panda-monium at Kalighat temple”, in The Telegraph, Kolkata, West Bengal: ABP Pvt. Ltd., →OCLC",
"text": "Trouble broke out at Kalighat temple on Monday morning after police barred pandas from near the sanctum sanctorum. Angry pandas, some armed with sticks, allegedly assaulted members of the temple committee. [...] Temple sources said the cop crackdown was a knee-jerk reaction to a complaint filed by an NRI [non-resident Indian] woman on Sunday against the pandas.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A brahmin who acts as the hereditary superintendent of a particular ghat or temple, and is regarded as knowledgeable in matters of genealogy and ritual."
],
"id": "en-panda-en-noun-kLzxRyhj",
"links": [
[
"Hinduism",
"Hinduism"
],
[
"brahmin",
"brahmin"
],
[
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"hereditary"
],
[
"superintendent",
"superintendent"
],
[
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],
[
"temple",
"temple"
],
[
"regarded",
"regard#Verb"
],
[
"knowledgeable",
"knowledgeable"
],
[
"matters",
"matter#Noun"
],
[
"genealogy",
"genealogy"
],
[
"ritual",
"ritual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Hinduism) A brahmin who acts as the hereditary superintendent of a particular ghat or temple, and is regarded as knowledgeable in matters of genealogy and ritual."
],
"tags": [
"Hinduism"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "paṇḍā",
"sense": "brahmin who acts as the hereditary superintendent of a particular ghat or temple",
"word": "पंडा"
},
{
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "pāṇḍā",
"sense": "brahmin who acts as the hereditary superintendent of a particular ghat or temple",
"word": "ਪਾਂਡਾ"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpʌndə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpæn-/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɑndə/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌndə"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-panda.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/12/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-panda.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-panda.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/12/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-panda.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-panda.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "panda"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from French",
"English terms borrowed from Hindi",
"English terms borrowed from Punjabi",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Hindi",
"English terms derived from Nepali",
"English terms derived from Punjabi",
"English terms derived from Sanskrit",
"English terms derived from Tibetan",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Rhymes:English/ændə",
"Rhymes:English/ændə/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/ʌndə",
"Rhymes:English/ʌndə/2 syllables",
"en:Ursids"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "dumpster panda"
},
{
"word": "garbage panda"
},
{
"word": "trash panda"
},
{
"word": "happy panda"
},
{
"alt": "Mutillidae spp.",
"word": "panda ant"
},
{
"word": "panda car"
},
{
"word": "panda crossing"
},
{
"word": "panda diplomacy"
},
{
"word": "panda dolphin"
},
{
"word": "panda eyes"
},
{
"word": "panda hugger"
},
{
"word": "pandalike"
},
{
"word": "pandamonium"
},
{
"alt": "†Ailuropoda microta",
"word": "pygmy giant panda"
},
{
"word": "reverse panda"
},
{
"word": "sad panda"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "panda",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Malay: panda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Malay: panda"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "パンダ",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "panda"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese: パンダ (panda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Japanese: パンダ (panda)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "판다",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 판다 (panda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Korean: 판다 (panda)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "panda",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Tagalog: panda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tagalog: panda"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "แพนด้า",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Thai: แพนด้า (pɛn-dâa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Thai: แพนด้า (pɛn-dâa)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "panda"
},
"expansion": "French panda",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "unclear ultimate origin"
},
"expansion": "unclear ultimate origin",
"name": "unknown"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ne",
"3": "निँगाले",
"t": "relating to a certain species of bamboo"
},
"expansion": "Nepali निँगाले (nĩgāle, “relating to a certain species of bamboo”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective",
"2": "adjectival"
},
"expansion": "adjectival",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ne",
"2": "निँगालो"
},
"expansion": "निँगालो (nĩgālo)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Drepanostachyum intermedium",
"2": "species"
},
"expansion": "Drepanostachyum intermedium",
"name": "taxlink"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ne",
"2": "निङालो",
"t": "Drepanostachyum intermedium, a species of bamboo"
},
"expansion": "निङालो (niṅālo, “Drepanostachyum intermedium, a species of bamboo”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bo",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Tibetan",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bo",
"2": "ཕོ་ཉ",
"t": "messenger"
},
"expansion": "Tibetan ཕོ་ཉ (pho nya, “messenger”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Attributive"
},
"expansion": "Attributive",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French panda, of unclear ultimate origin but probably from the second element of nigálya-pónya, a local name for the red panda recorded in Nepal and Sikkim by Brian Houghton Hodgson (1800 or 1801 – 1894), an ethnologist, naturalist and the British Resident of Nepal, possibly from Nepali निँगाले (nĩgāle, “relating to a certain species of bamboo”) (the adjectival form of निँगालो (nĩgālo), a variant of निङालो (niṅālo, “Drepanostachyum intermedium, a species of bamboo”)) + a regional Tibetan name for the animal (compare regional Tibetan ཕོ་ཉ (pho nya, “messenger”)).\nAttributive uses of sense 2 (“giant panda”) generally refer to that animal’s distinctive black and white coat colour.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pandas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "panda (plural pandas)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pan‧da"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2011, Angela R. Glatston, “Introduction”, in Angela R. Glatston, editor, Red Panda: Biology and Conservation of the First Panda, London, Burlington, Mass.: Academic Press, page 7",
"text": "The red panda's history in zoos begins some 40 years after its discovery. The first one to be seen outside of its natural range arrived at London Zoo on 22nd May 1869, [...] On arrival at the zoo, the last surviving panda was given into the care of Abraham Bartlett, the superintendent of the zoo. [...] The feeding instructions that came with the panda said it should be given milk, a little rice and grass each day. [...] Bartlett felt that the suggested diet was not adequate and set out to find what the animal would accept; [...] Unfortunately, although it ate well, this first zoo red panda was not destined for a long life, it died suddenly during the night of 12 December 1869, a little over 6 months after its arrival.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The red panda (Ailurus fulgens), a small raccoon-like animal of northeast Asia with reddish fur and a long, ringed tail."
],
"links": [
[
"red panda",
"red panda"
],
[
"Ailurus fulgens",
"Ailurus fulgens#Translingual"
],
[
"raccoon",
"raccoon"
],
[
"northeast",
"northeast"
],
[
"Asia",
"Asia"
],
[
"ringed",
"ringed"
],
[
"tail",
"tail"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(now rare without a qualifying word) The red panda (Ailurus fulgens), a small raccoon-like animal of northeast Asia with reddish fur and a long, ringed tail."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "bear cat"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "cat bear"
},
{
"word": "lesser panda"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "wah"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"without a qualifying word"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca",
"word": "giant panda"
}
],
"categories": [
"English colloquialisms",
"English short forms"
],
"glosses": [
"Short for giant panda (“Ailuropoda melanoleuca”)."
],
"links": [
[
"giant panda",
"giant panda#English"
],
[
"Ailuropoda melanoleuca",
"Ailuropoda melanoleuca"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, also attributively) Short for giant panda (“Ailuropoda melanoleuca”)."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "mottled bear"
},
{
"tags": [
"Canada",
"US"
],
"word": "panda bear"
}
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"also",
"alt-of",
"attributive",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "a black-and-white police car",
"word": "panda car"
}
],
"categories": [
"British English",
"English colloquialisms",
"English short forms",
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Law enforcement"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1975, Darcus Howe, editor, Race Today, London: Race Today Collective, →OCLC, page 279",
"text": "Before the confrontation, the youth sighted a police personnel carrier, two dog patrol vans, a motorway style car, at least two pandas and one unmarked police car.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Short for panda car (“a black-and-white police car”)."
],
"links": [
[
"law enforcement",
"law enforcement"
],
[
"panda car",
"panda car#English"
],
[
"black-and-white",
"black-and-white"
],
[
"police car",
"police car"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Britain, law enforcement, colloquial) Short for panda car (“a black-and-white police car”)."
],
"tags": [
"Britain",
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"colloquial"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"law-enforcement"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpændə/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"homophone": "pander (non-rhotic accents)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ændə"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-panda.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/da/En-us-panda.ogg/En-us-panda.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/En-us-panda.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "am",
"lang": "Amharic",
"roman": "panda",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "ፓንዳ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "banda",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "بَنْدَة"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ba:n da:",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "بانْدا"
},
{
"code": "an",
"lang": "Aragonese",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panda"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "panda",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "պանդա"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "bor panda",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "বৰ পাণ্ডা"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "daṅor panda",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "ডাঙৰ পাণ্ডা"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "panda bhaluk",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "পাণ্ডা ভালুক"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pánda",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "па́нда"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "panḍa",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "পান্ডা"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pánda",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "па́нда"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panda"
},
{
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "tsina yona",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "ᏥᎾ ᏲᎾ"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "熊貓"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"english": "hung⁴ maau¹",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "熊猫"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "大熊貓"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "daai⁶ hung⁴ maau¹",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "大熊猫"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "熊貓"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xióngmāo",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "熊猫"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "大熊貓"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dàxióngmāo",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "大熊猫"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "貓熊"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "māoxióng",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "猫熊"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "大貓熊"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dàmāoxióng",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "大猫熊"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "panda velká"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panda"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kæmpepanda"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panda"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pandabeer"
},
{
"code": "dz",
"lang": "Dzongkha",
"roman": "byi li dom",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "བྱི་ལི་དོམ"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "pando"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "isopanda"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "jättiläispanda"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "panda"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "pandakarhu"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panda"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ṗanda",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "პანდა"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "didi ṗanda",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "დიდი პანდა"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "bambuḳis datvi",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "ბამბუკის დათვი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "Panda"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Pandabär"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "pánta",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "πάντα"
},
{
"code": "haw",
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "hunamāu"
},
{
"code": "haw",
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "pea kina"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "pánda",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "פנדה"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "pāṇḍā",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "पांडा"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "panda"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "panda"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pandabjörn"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pandabirna"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bambusbjörn"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "panda"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ollphanda"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panda"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panda"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "panda",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "パンダ"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kumaneko",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "熊猫"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "irowakeguma",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "イロワケグマ"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shirokuroguma",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "シロクログマ"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "klaa kmum pʰɛɛndaa",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "ខ្លាឃ្មុំភែនដា"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "khlaa khmum pheendaa",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "ខ្លាឃ្មុំផេនដា"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "pheendaa",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "ផេនដា"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "panda",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "판다"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "panda",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "панда"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
],
"word": "ڤندا"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"Rumi"
],
"word": "panda"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "xulsny baavgaj",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "хулсны баавгай"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "panda",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"common"
],
"word": "панда"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "malar ötög",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"China",
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "малар өтөг"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "qulusun-ü baɣabaɣai",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"Mongolian"
],
"word": "ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠᠢ"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "panda",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"Mongolian"
],
"word": "ᠫᠠᠨᠳᠠ"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "malur ötege",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"Mongolian"
],
"word": "ᠮᠠᠯᠤᠷ ᠥᠲᠡᠭᠡ"
},
{
"code": "ne",
"lang": "Nepali",
"roman": "pānḍā",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "पान्डा"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panda"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panda"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "pandabjørn"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "kjempepanda"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "xers-e pândâ",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "خرس پاندا"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "pândâ",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "پاندا"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "panda"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panda"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panda"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "urs panda"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pánda",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "па́нда"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bambukovyj medvedʹ",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "бамбуковый медведь"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "панда"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "panda"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "panda"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "panda"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "panda"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "jättepanda"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "pandabjörn"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "panda"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "pɛn-dâa",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "แพนด้า"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "mǐi-pɛɛn-dâa",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "หมีแพนด้า"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "dom khra",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "དོམ་ཁྲ"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pánda",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "па́нда"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "pāṇḍā",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "پانڈا"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "müshük'ëyiq",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "مۈشۈكئېيىق"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "gấu trúc"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "pande",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "פּאַנדע"
},
{
"code": "za",
"lang": "Zhuang",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "yungzmauh"
},
{
"code": "za",
"lang": "Zhuang",
"sense": "Ailuropoda melanoleuca — see also giant panda",
"word": "muimeuz"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brian Houghton Hodgson"
],
"word": "panda"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Hindi",
"English terms borrowed from Punjabi",
"English terms derived from Hindi",
"English terms derived from Punjabi",
"English terms derived from Sanskrit",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:English/ʌndə",
"Rhymes:English/ʌndə/2 syllables",
"en:Ursids"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hi",
"3": "पंडा"
},
"expansion": "Hindi पंडा (paṇḍā)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pa",
"3": "ਪਾਂਡਾ"
},
"expansion": "Punjabi ਪਾਂਡਾ (pāṇḍā)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sa",
"3": "पण्डित",
"t": "learned, wise; learned man, pundit, scholar, teacher; Hindu Brahmin who has memorized a substantial proportion of the Vedas"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit पण्डित (paṇḍita, “learned, wise; learned man, pundit, scholar, teacher; Hindu Brahmin who has memorized a substantial proportion of the Vedas”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pundit"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of pundit",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Hindi पंडा (paṇḍā) and Punjabi ਪਾਂਡਾ (pāṇḍā), both from Sanskrit पण्डित (paṇḍita, “learned, wise; learned man, pundit, scholar, teacher; Hindu Brahmin who has memorized a substantial proportion of the Vedas”). Doublet of pundit.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pandas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "panda (plural pandas)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pan‧da"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Hinduism"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1811–1812, Francis Buchanan, “Religion and Sects”, in J[ohn] F[rancis] W[illiam] J[ames], editor, An Account of the Districts of Bihar and Patna in 1811–1812 […], Patna, Bihar: Published by the Bihar and Orissa Research Society and printed by the Calcutta Oriental Press […], published [1926], →OCLC, book II (Of the People), section II (Of the Hindus), page 380",
"text": "There are therefore in this district no Varna or degraded Brahmans nor are those at all disgraced who officiate in any temple as Pandas.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "[1862, “PANDA: PUNDA”, in Edward Balfour, editor, The Second Supplement, with Index, to the Cyclopædia of India and of Eastern and Southern Asia, […], Madras, Tamil Nadu: Printed for the editor at the Athenæum Press, Adelphi Press and Union Press, by Messrs. Pharaoh and Co., Gantz Brothers, and Cookson and Co., →OCLC, page 83",
"text": "PANDA: PUNDA. Hind[i] and Beng[ali]. The proprietary or presiding priest of a Hindoo temple of Siva usually though not invariably a Brahman. The office is hereditary, and in some places, as at Benares, the Panda officiates only on particular occasions, the duties of daily worship being performed by inferior priests or Pujaris in his employ. The term is also applied to a priest who is stationary at any particular place or shrine.]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1879, Mrs. J. C. Murray Aynsley [i.e., Harriet Georgiana Maria Murray Aynsley], chapter XI, in Our Visit to Hindostán, Kashmir, and Ladakh, London: W[illia]m H. Allen & Co., […] publishers to the India Office, →OCLC, page 155",
"text": "The pilgrims are required first to bathe in the Marnikarnika Kund (or tank) near the ghât of that name, taking with them flowers and uncooked rice. [...] [T]hey must make presents to the pandas, who are certain privileged hereditary Brahmins. Whilst the pilgrim is in the water, the pandas repeat some Sanscrit verses; [...]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1961, Prakash Tandon, chapter 1, in Punjabi Century: 1857–1947, London: Chatto and Windus, →OCLC; republished Berkeley, Los Angeles, Calif.: University of California Press, 1973, page 9",
"text": "Whenever there is a death in the family, someone will go to Hardwar to immerse the ashes of the departed. There our family has its own panda, as these priests are called, who at his death is succeeded by his son. He maintains the family records in long, old-fashioned Indian ledgers, covered in red cloth, in which he writes down the length of the page. [...] When I first visited Hardwar I only had to say I was a Tandon from Gujrat, and from a crowd of pandas our priest came forward and reeled off our whole family tree for several generations.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1994, Jonathan P. Parry, “Shares and Chicanery”, in Death in Banaras (Lewis Henry Morgan Lectures; 1988), Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Cambridge University Press, part II (Death as a Living), page 108",
"text": "'The mafia-like activities' and 'growing internal competition' of the contemporary panda community are the consequence of an almost complete breakdown of the old configuration. Durable long-term relations between priests and their patrons have been replaced by 'the emergence of a totally impersonal religious market' [...], a controlled trickle of elite donors by a torrent of hoi polloi pilgrims, and the relationship between panda and pilgrim has been replaced by that between panda and agent as the pivot of the system.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1998, Salabega, “Where Do You Take My Lord”, in Niranjan Mohanty, transl., White Whispers: (Selected Poems of Salabega): Translated from the Oriya Original, New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi, page 50",
"text": "Many a time, the temple received unkind ravishments from the non-Hindu attackers. [...] The frightened pandas of Puri considered Lord Jagannatha to be the living and loving god, the caretaker of their beings and their country. They had no other option but to hide the Lord from the clutches of the javanas. It is learnt from history and the contemporary literature that the pandas used to carry the Lord to distant hills and mountainous ranges.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2009, Amitav Ghosh, Sea of Poppies, London: John Murray; republished New York, N.Y.: Picador, 2009, page 135",
"text": "I may be man of commerce in your eyes, Miss—and in this age of evil, who is not?—but are you aware that eleven generations of my ancestors have been pandas at one of Nabadwip's most famous temples?",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2010, James G. Lochtefeld, “The Hardwar Pandas”, in God’s Gateway: Identity and Meaning in a Hindu Pilgrimage Place, New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, page 124",
"text": "As at most Hindu pilgrimage sites, Hardwar has a group of local brahmins who serve as hereditary pilgrim guides. The most respectful name for them is tirtha purohit (a tirtha \"priest'), but the more common name is panda, a short form of pandita (\"a learned man\"). Pandas arrange for their clients' material and ritual needs, and they also officiate at certain life-cycle ceremonies (samskaras). In return, their clients give them fees and gifts.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2010 March 9, Rith Basu, “Panda-monium at Kalighat temple”, in The Telegraph, Kolkata, West Bengal: ABP Pvt. Ltd., →OCLC",
"text": "Trouble broke out at Kalighat temple on Monday morning after police barred pandas from near the sanctum sanctorum. Angry pandas, some armed with sticks, allegedly assaulted members of the temple committee. [...] Temple sources said the cop crackdown was a knee-jerk reaction to a complaint filed by an NRI [non-resident Indian] woman on Sunday against the pandas.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A brahmin who acts as the hereditary superintendent of a particular ghat or temple, and is regarded as knowledgeable in matters of genealogy and ritual."
],
"links": [
[
"Hinduism",
"Hinduism"
],
[
"brahmin",
"brahmin"
],
[
"hereditary",
"hereditary"
],
[
"superintendent",
"superintendent"
],
[
"ghat",
"ghat"
],
[
"temple",
"temple"
],
[
"regarded",
"regard#Verb"
],
[
"knowledgeable",
"knowledgeable"
],
[
"matters",
"matter#Noun"
],
[
"genealogy",
"genealogy"
],
[
"ritual",
"ritual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Hinduism) A brahmin who acts as the hereditary superintendent of a particular ghat or temple, and is regarded as knowledgeable in matters of genealogy and ritual."
],
"tags": [
"Hinduism"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpʌndə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpæn-/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɑndə/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌndə"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-panda.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/12/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-panda.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-panda.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/12/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-panda.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-panda.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "paṇḍā",
"sense": "brahmin who acts as the hereditary superintendent of a particular ghat or temple",
"word": "पंडा"
},
{
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "pāṇḍā",
"sense": "brahmin who acts as the hereditary superintendent of a particular ghat or temple",
"word": "ਪਾਂਡਾ"
}
],
"word": "panda"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-17 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-01 using wiktextract (0b52755 and 5cb0836). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.