See noxious in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for noxious meaning in English (7.0kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*neḱ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "noxius",
"4": "",
"5": "hurtful, injurious"
},
"expansion": "Latin noxius (“hurtful, injurious”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "noxa",
"3": "",
"4": "hurt, injury"
},
"expansion": "noxa (“hurt, injury”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "nocere",
"3": "",
"4": "to hurt, injure"
},
"expansion": "nocere (“to hurt, injure”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nocent"
},
"expansion": "nocent",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin noxius (“hurtful, injurious”), from noxa (“hurt, injury”), from nocere (“to hurt, injure”); see nocent.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more noxious",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most noxious",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "noxious (comparative more noxious, superlative most noxious)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "noxious trade"
},
{
"word": "noxiously"
},
{
"word": "noxiousness"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1822, John Barclay, chapter I, in An Inquiry Into the Opinions, Ancient and Modern, Concerning Life and Organization, Edinburgh, London: Bell & Bradfute; Waugh & Innes; G. & W. B. Whittaker, section I, page 1",
"text": "In the living state, the body is observed to […] reject what is noxious; [...]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2014 June 14, “It's a gas”, in The Economist, volume 411, number 8891",
"text": "[...] many old sewers have been neglected and are in dire need of repair. If that repair does not come in time, the result is noxious and potentially hazardous.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Harmful; injurious."
],
"id": "en-noxious-en-adj-q6LVNxSC",
"links": [
[
"Harmful",
"harmful"
],
[
"injurious",
"injurious"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "obnoxious"
},
{
"word": "nocent"
},
{
"word": "innocent"
},
{
"word": "noxious substance"
},
{
"word": "noxious chemical"
},
{
"word": "noxious fumes"
},
{
"word": "noxious gas"
},
{
"word": "noxious odor"
},
{
"word": "noxious plant"
},
{
"word": "noxious weed"
},
{
"word": "noxious animal"
},
{
"word": "noxious stimulus"
},
{
"word": "noxious stimulation"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "harmful"
},
{
"word": "injurious"
},
{
"word": "scathing"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "noctious"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "harmful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nocivu"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "harmful",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "dañible"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "kaltegarri"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vreden",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "вреден"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nezdravosloven",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "нездравословен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "nociu"
},
{
"code": "co",
"lang": "Corsican",
"sense": "harmful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nucivu"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "kahjur-"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "vahingollinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "haitallinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "myrkyllinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "harmful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nocif"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "nocîf"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "harmful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nocivo"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "harmful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "daniño"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "Schad-"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "schädlich"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "kártékony"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "ártalmas"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "insalubre"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "nocivo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "malsano"
},
{
"alt": "ゆうどくな",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "yūdokuna",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "有毒な"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "yuhaehan",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "유해한"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "harmful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "noxius"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "kaitīgs"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "orotā"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "szkodliwy"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "niezdrowy"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "harmful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nocivo"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "harmful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "daninho"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "harmful",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "nociv"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "harmful",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "vătămător"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "harmful",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "nesănătos"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "jadovítyj",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "ядови́тый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vrédnyj",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "вре́дный"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "harmful",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ште̏тан"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "harmful",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "štȅtan"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "harmful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nocivo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "harmful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "daniño"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "zararlı"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"noxious"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈnɒkʃəs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-noxious.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/ff/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-noxious.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-noxious.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/ff/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-noxious.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-noxious.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "noxious"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "noxious trade"
},
{
"word": "noxiously"
},
{
"word": "noxiousness"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*neḱ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "noxius",
"4": "",
"5": "hurtful, injurious"
},
"expansion": "Latin noxius (“hurtful, injurious”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "noxa",
"3": "",
"4": "hurt, injury"
},
"expansion": "noxa (“hurt, injury”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "nocere",
"3": "",
"4": "to hurt, injure"
},
"expansion": "nocere (“to hurt, injure”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nocent"
},
"expansion": "nocent",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin noxius (“hurtful, injurious”), from noxa (“hurt, injury”), from nocere (“to hurt, injure”); see nocent.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more noxious",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most noxious",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "noxious (comparative more noxious, superlative most noxious)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "obnoxious"
},
{
"word": "nocent"
},
{
"word": "innocent"
},
{
"word": "noxious substance"
},
{
"word": "noxious chemical"
},
{
"word": "noxious fumes"
},
{
"word": "noxious gas"
},
{
"word": "noxious odor"
},
{
"word": "noxious plant"
},
{
"word": "noxious weed"
},
{
"word": "noxious animal"
},
{
"word": "noxious stimulus"
},
{
"word": "noxious stimulation"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *neḱ-",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with quotations",
"Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"Serbo-Croatian terms with redundant script codes"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1822, John Barclay, chapter I, in An Inquiry Into the Opinions, Ancient and Modern, Concerning Life and Organization, Edinburgh, London: Bell & Bradfute; Waugh & Innes; G. & W. B. Whittaker, section I, page 1",
"text": "In the living state, the body is observed to […] reject what is noxious; [...]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2014 June 14, “It's a gas”, in The Economist, volume 411, number 8891",
"text": "[...] many old sewers have been neglected and are in dire need of repair. If that repair does not come in time, the result is noxious and potentially hazardous.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Harmful; injurious."
],
"links": [
[
"Harmful",
"harmful"
],
[
"injurious",
"injurious"
]
],
"wikipedia": [
"noxious"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈnɒkʃəs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-noxious.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/ff/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-noxious.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-noxious.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/ff/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-noxious.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-noxious.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "harmful"
},
{
"word": "injurious"
},
{
"word": "scathing"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "noctious"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "harmful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nocivu"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "harmful",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "dañible"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "kaltegarri"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vreden",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "вреден"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nezdravosloven",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "нездравословен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "nociu"
},
{
"code": "co",
"lang": "Corsican",
"sense": "harmful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nucivu"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "kahjur-"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "vahingollinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "haitallinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "myrkyllinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "harmful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nocif"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "nocîf"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "harmful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nocivo"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "harmful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "daniño"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "Schad-"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "schädlich"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "kártékony"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "ártalmas"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "insalubre"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "nocivo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "malsano"
},
{
"alt": "ゆうどくな",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "yūdokuna",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "有毒な"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "yuhaehan",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "유해한"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "harmful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "noxius"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "kaitīgs"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "orotā"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "szkodliwy"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "niezdrowy"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "harmful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nocivo"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "harmful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "daninho"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "harmful",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "nociv"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "harmful",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "vătămător"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "harmful",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "nesănătos"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "jadovítyj",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "ядови́тый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vrédnyj",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "вре́дный"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "harmful",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ште̏тан"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "harmful",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "štȅtan"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "harmful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nocivo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "harmful",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "daniño"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "harmful",
"word": "zararlı"
}
],
"word": "noxious"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (a644e18 and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.