"mountainous" meaning in English

See mountainous in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /ˈmaʊn.tɪn.əs/ [General-American, Received-Pronunciation], /ˈmaʊn.tən.əs/ (note: General Australian, New Zealand; US with weak vowel merger), [ˈmæʊn.tn̩.əs] (note: General Australian, New Zealand; US with weak vowel merger), [-ʔn̩-] (note: General Australian, New Zealand; US with weak vowel merger), [ˈmæ̃ʊ̃(n)-] (note: General Australian, New Zealand; US with weak vowel merger) Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-mountainous.wav [Southern-England] Forms: more mountainous [comparative], most mountainous [superlative]
Etymology: From mountain + -ous after Middle French montagneux, from Late Latin montāniōsus, from montānia, from Latin montem (“mountain”). Etymology templates: {{af|en|mountain|-ous}} mountain + -ous, {{bor|en|frm|montagneux}} Middle French montagneux, {{der|en|LL.|montāniōsus}} Late Latin montāniōsus, {{m|ML.|montānia}} montānia, {{der|en|la|mons|montem|t=mountain}} Latin montem (“mountain”) Head templates: {{en-adj}} mountainous (comparative more mountainous, superlative most mountainous)
  1. Having many mountains; characterized by mountains; of the nature of a mountain; rough (terrain); rocky. Translations (having many mountains): ὀρεινός (oreinós) (Ancient Greek), جَبَلِيّ (jabaliyy) (Arabic), جَبَلي (jabali) [Hijazi-Arabic] (Arabic), լեռնային (leṙnayin) (Armenian), montosu (Asturian), dağlıq (Azerbaijani), гары́сты (harýsty) (Belarusian), плани́нски (planínski) (Bulgarian), muntanyós (Catalan), 多山的 (duōshān de) (Chinese Mandarin), hornatý (Czech), bjergrig (Danish), bergachtig (Dutch), montara (Esperanto), montoza (Esperanto), vuoristoinen (Finnish), montagneux (French), montañoso (Galician), მთიანი (mtiani) (Georgian), bergig (German), gebirgig (German), hegyes (Hungarian), hegyi (Hungarian), hegyvidéki (Hungarian), montoza (Ido), mäekäs (Ingrian), sléibhtiúil (Irish), sléibhteach (Irish), montagnoso (Italian), montuoso (Italian), таулы (tauly) (Kazakh), тағлығ (tağlığ) (Khakas), montōsus (Latin), планински (planinski) (Macedonian), mountuous (Middle English), уулархаг (uularxag) [Cyrillic] (Mongolian), уулархуу (uularxuu) [Cyrillic] (Mongolian), fjellrik (Norwegian Bokmål), fjellrik (Norwegian Nynorsk), کوهستانی (kuhestâni) (Persian), montagnos (Piedmontese), montos (Piedmontese), boajich (Plautdietsch), górzysty (Polish), montanhoso (Portuguese), alpin (Romansch), гори́стый (gorístyj) (Russian), beanntach (Scottish Gaelic), пла̀нӣнскӣ [Cyrillic] (Serbo-Croatian), брдо̀вит [Cyrillic] (Serbo-Croatian), го̀рскӣ [Cyrillic] (Serbo-Croatian), горо̀вит [Cyrillic] (Serbo-Croatian), plànīnskī [Roman] (Serbo-Croatian), brdòvit [Roman] (Serbo-Croatian), gòrskī [Roman] (Serbo-Croatian), goròvit [Roman] (Serbo-Croatian), тағлығ (tağlığ) (Shor), hornatý (Slovak), gôrski (Slovene), montañoso (Spanish), bergig (Swedish), fjällrik (Swedish), mabundok (Tagalog), mabūd (Tausug), dağlık (Turkish), даглыг (daglıg) (Tuvan), гори́стий (horýstyj) (Ukrainian), togʻlik (Uzbek), mynyddog (Welsh), хайалаах (qayalaaq) (Yakut)
    Sense id: en-mountainous-en-adj-rKydx7hB Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with topic categories using raw markup, English terms suffixed with -ous Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 41 4 6 50 Disambiguation of English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 41 4 8 47 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -ous: 37 7 11 44 Disambiguation of 'having many mountains': 81 4 2 14
  2. Resembling a mountain, especially in size; huge; towering. Categories (topical): Size Translations (resembling a mountain): ohromný (Czech), obrovský (Czech), monta (Esperanto), järkälemäinen (Finnish), vuorenkokoinen (Finnish), jättimäinen (Finnish), гороподо́бный (goropodóbnyj) (Russian), dağsı (Turkish), dağımsı (Turkish)
    Sense id: en-mountainous-en-adj-81~G7q4Y Disambiguation of Size: 0 100 0 0 Disambiguation of 'resembling a mountain': 20 72 0 8
  3. (figurative, of a problem or task) Very difficult. Tags: figuratively Translations (very difficult): visainen (Finnish)
    Sense id: en-mountainous-en-adj-Q2lCX-Ja Categories (other): English terms suffixed with -ous Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -ous: 37 7 11 44 Disambiguation of 'very difficult': 6 1 93 1
  4. (obsolete) Inhabiting mountains; hence, barbarous. Tags: obsolete
    Sense id: en-mountainous-en-adj-o81Q8WS5 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with topic categories using raw markup, English terms suffixed with -ous Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 41 4 6 50 Disambiguation of English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 41 4 8 47 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -ous: 37 7 11 44
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: intramountainous [adjective], mountainously [adverb], mountainousness [noun], nonmountainous [adjective], unmountainous [adjective] Related terms: mountain [noun], hilly

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for mountainous meaning in English (14.8kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "adjective"
      ],
      "word": "intramountainous"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ],
      "word": "mountainously"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "noun"
      ],
      "word": "mountainousness"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "adjective"
      ],
      "word": "nonmountainous"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "adjective"
      ],
      "word": "unmountainous"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "mountain",
        "3": "-ous"
      },
      "expansion": "mountain + -ous",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "montagneux"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French montagneux",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "LL.",
        "3": "montāniōsus"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin montāniōsus",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ML.",
        "2": "montānia"
      },
      "expansion": "montānia",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "mons",
        "4": "montem",
        "t": "mountain"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin montem (“mountain”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From mountain + -ous after Middle French montagneux, from Late Latin montāniōsus, from montānia, from Latin montem (“mountain”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "more mountainous",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most mountainous",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "mountainous (comparative more mountainous, superlative most mountainous)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "noun"
      ],
      "word": "mountain"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "hilly"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "41 4 6 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "41 4 8 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 7 11 44",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -ous",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Having many mountains; characterized by mountains; of the nature of a mountain; rough (terrain); rocky."
      ],
      "id": "en-mountainous-en-adj-rKydx7hB",
      "links": [
        [
          "mountain",
          "mountain"
        ],
        [
          "characterize",
          "characterize"
        ],
        [
          "rough",
          "rough"
        ],
        [
          "rocky",
          "rocky"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "jabaliyy",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "جَبَلِيّ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "acw",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "jabali",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "tags": [
            "Hijazi-Arabic"
          ],
          "word": "جَبَلي"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "leṙnayin",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "լեռնային"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "ast",
          "lang": "Asturian",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "montosu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "dağlıq"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "harýsty",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "гары́сты"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "planínski",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "плани́нски"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "muntanyós"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "duōshān de",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "多山的"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "hornatý"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "bjergrig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "bergachtig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "montara"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "montoza"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "vuoristoinen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "montagneux"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "montañoso"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "mtiani",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "მთიანი"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "bergig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "gebirgig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "oreinós",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "ὀρεινός"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "hegyes"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "hegyi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "hegyvidéki"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "montoza"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "izh",
          "lang": "Ingrian",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "mäekäs"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "sléibhtiúil"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "sléibhteach"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "montagnoso"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "montuoso"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "tauly",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "таулы"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "kjh",
          "lang": "Khakas",
          "roman": "tağlığ",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "тағлығ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "montōsus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "planinski",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "планински"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "enm",
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "mountuous"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "mn",
          "lang": "Mongolian",
          "roman": "uularxag",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic"
          ],
          "word": "уулархаг"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "mn",
          "lang": "Mongolian",
          "roman": "uularxuu",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic"
          ],
          "word": "уулархуу"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "fjellrik"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "fjellrik"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "kuhestâni",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "کوهستانی"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "pms",
          "lang": "Piedmontese",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "montagnos"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "pms",
          "lang": "Piedmontese",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "montos"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "pdt",
          "lang": "Plautdietsch",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "boajich"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "górzysty"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "montanhoso"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "rm",
          "lang": "Romansch",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "alpin"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "gorístyj",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "гори́стый"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "gd",
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "beanntach"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic"
          ],
          "word": "пла̀нӣнскӣ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic"
          ],
          "word": "брдо̀вит"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic"
          ],
          "word": "го̀рскӣ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic"
          ],
          "word": "горо̀вит"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "tags": [
            "Roman"
          ],
          "word": "plànīnskī"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "tags": [
            "Roman"
          ],
          "word": "brdòvit"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "tags": [
            "Roman"
          ],
          "word": "gòrskī"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "tags": [
            "Roman"
          ],
          "word": "goròvit"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "cjs",
          "lang": "Shor",
          "roman": "tağlığ",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "тағлығ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "hornatý"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "gôrski"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "montañoso"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "bergig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "fjällrik"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "mabundok"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "tsg",
          "lang": "Tausug",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "mabūd"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "dağlık"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "tyv",
          "lang": "Tuvan",
          "roman": "daglıg",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "даглыг"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "horýstyj",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "гори́стий"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "uz",
          "lang": "Uzbek",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "togʻlik"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "mynyddog"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 4 2 14",
          "code": "sah",
          "lang": "Yakut",
          "roman": "qayalaaq",
          "sense": "having many mountains",
          "word": "хайалаах"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 100 0 0",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Size",
          "orig": "en:Size",
          "parents": [
            "Nature",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2016 November 28, Mike Vorkunov, “Despite Flash of Rose’s Prime, Knicks Are Dazed by Westbrook and Thunder”, in The New York Times",
          "text": "But the added size did not give them an advantage this time. Not when Kanter and Adams, two mountainous players, could match the Knicks’ girth with their own.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Resembling a mountain, especially in size; huge; towering."
      ],
      "id": "en-mountainous-en-adj-81~G7q4Y",
      "links": [
        [
          "size",
          "size"
        ],
        [
          "huge",
          "huge"
        ],
        [
          "towering",
          "towering"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "20 72 0 8",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "resembling a mountain",
          "word": "ohromný"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "20 72 0 8",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "resembling a mountain",
          "word": "obrovský"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "20 72 0 8",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "resembling a mountain",
          "word": "monta"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "20 72 0 8",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "resembling a mountain",
          "word": "järkälemäinen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "20 72 0 8",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "resembling a mountain",
          "word": "vuorenkokoinen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "20 72 0 8",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "resembling a mountain",
          "word": "jättimäinen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "20 72 0 8",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "goropodóbnyj",
          "sense": "resembling a mountain",
          "word": "гороподо́бный"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "20 72 0 8",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "resembling a mountain",
          "word": "dağsı"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "20 72 0 8",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "resembling a mountain",
          "word": "dağımsı"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "37 7 11 44",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -ous",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Very difficult."
      ],
      "id": "en-mountainous-en-adj-Q2lCX-Ja",
      "links": [
        [
          "difficult",
          "difficult"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative, of a problem or task) Very difficult."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of a problem or task"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "6 1 93 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "very difficult",
          "word": "visainen"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "41 4 6 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "41 4 8 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 7 11 44",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -ous",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Inhabiting mountains; hence, barbarous."
      ],
      "id": "en-mountainous-en-adj-o81Q8WS5",
      "links": [
        [
          "barbarous",
          "barbarous"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) Inhabiting mountains; hence, barbarous."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈmaʊn.tɪn.əs/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American",
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈmaʊn.tən.əs/",
      "note": "General Australian, New Zealand; US with weak vowel merger"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈmæʊn.tn̩.əs]",
      "note": "General Australian, New Zealand; US with weak vowel merger"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[-ʔn̩-]",
      "note": "General Australian, New Zealand; US with weak vowel merger"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈmæ̃ʊ̃(n)-]",
      "note": "General Australian, New Zealand; US with weak vowel merger"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-mountainous.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-mountainous.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-mountainous.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-mountainous.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-mountainous.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "mountainous"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English 3-syllable words",
    "English adjectives",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English terms borrowed from Middle French",
    "English terms derived from Late Latin",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle French",
    "English terms suffixed with -ous",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "en:Size"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "adjective"
      ],
      "word": "intramountainous"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ],
      "word": "mountainously"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "noun"
      ],
      "word": "mountainousness"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "adjective"
      ],
      "word": "nonmountainous"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "adjective"
      ],
      "word": "unmountainous"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "mountain",
        "3": "-ous"
      },
      "expansion": "mountain + -ous",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "montagneux"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French montagneux",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "LL.",
        "3": "montāniōsus"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin montāniōsus",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ML.",
        "2": "montānia"
      },
      "expansion": "montānia",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "mons",
        "4": "montem",
        "t": "mountain"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin montem (“mountain”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From mountain + -ous after Middle French montagneux, from Late Latin montāniōsus, from montānia, from Latin montem (“mountain”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "more mountainous",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most mountainous",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "mountainous (comparative more mountainous, superlative most mountainous)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "noun"
      ],
      "word": "mountain"
    },
    {
      "word": "hilly"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Having many mountains; characterized by mountains; of the nature of a mountain; rough (terrain); rocky."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mountain",
          "mountain"
        ],
        [
          "characterize",
          "characterize"
        ],
        [
          "rough",
          "rough"
        ],
        [
          "rocky",
          "rocky"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2016 November 28, Mike Vorkunov, “Despite Flash of Rose’s Prime, Knicks Are Dazed by Westbrook and Thunder”, in The New York Times",
          "text": "But the added size did not give them an advantage this time. Not when Kanter and Adams, two mountainous players, could match the Knicks’ girth with their own.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Resembling a mountain, especially in size; huge; towering."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "size",
          "size"
        ],
        [
          "huge",
          "huge"
        ],
        [
          "towering",
          "towering"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Very difficult."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "difficult",
          "difficult"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative, of a problem or task) Very difficult."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of a problem or task"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Inhabiting mountains; hence, barbarous."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "barbarous",
          "barbarous"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) Inhabiting mountains; hence, barbarous."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈmaʊn.tɪn.əs/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American",
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈmaʊn.tən.əs/",
      "note": "General Australian, New Zealand; US with weak vowel merger"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈmæʊn.tn̩.əs]",
      "note": "General Australian, New Zealand; US with weak vowel merger"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[-ʔn̩-]",
      "note": "General Australian, New Zealand; US with weak vowel merger"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈmæ̃ʊ̃(n)-]",
      "note": "General Australian, New Zealand; US with weak vowel merger"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-mountainous.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-mountainous.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-mountainous.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-mountainous.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-mountainous.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "jabaliyy",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "جَبَلِيّ"
    },
    {
      "code": "acw",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "jabali",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "tags": [
        "Hijazi-Arabic"
      ],
      "word": "جَبَلي"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "leṙnayin",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "լեռնային"
    },
    {
      "code": "ast",
      "lang": "Asturian",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "montosu"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "dağlıq"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "harýsty",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "гары́сты"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "planínski",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "плани́нски"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "muntanyós"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "duōshān de",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "多山的"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "hornatý"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "bjergrig"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "bergachtig"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "montara"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "montoza"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "vuoristoinen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "montagneux"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "montañoso"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "mtiani",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "მთიანი"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "bergig"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "gebirgig"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "oreinós",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "ὀρεινός"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "hegyes"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "hegyi"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "hegyvidéki"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "montoza"
    },
    {
      "code": "izh",
      "lang": "Ingrian",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "mäekäs"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "sléibhtiúil"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "sléibhteach"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "montagnoso"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "montuoso"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "tauly",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "таулы"
    },
    {
      "code": "kjh",
      "lang": "Khakas",
      "roman": "tağlığ",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "тағлығ"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "montōsus"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "planinski",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "планински"
    },
    {
      "code": "enm",
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "mountuous"
    },
    {
      "code": "mn",
      "lang": "Mongolian",
      "roman": "uularxag",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic"
      ],
      "word": "уулархаг"
    },
    {
      "code": "mn",
      "lang": "Mongolian",
      "roman": "uularxuu",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic"
      ],
      "word": "уулархуу"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "fjellrik"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "fjellrik"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "kuhestâni",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "کوهستانی"
    },
    {
      "code": "pms",
      "lang": "Piedmontese",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "montagnos"
    },
    {
      "code": "pms",
      "lang": "Piedmontese",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "montos"
    },
    {
      "code": "pdt",
      "lang": "Plautdietsch",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "boajich"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "górzysty"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "montanhoso"
    },
    {
      "code": "rm",
      "lang": "Romansch",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "alpin"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "gorístyj",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "гори́стый"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "beanntach"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic"
      ],
      "word": "пла̀нӣнскӣ"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic"
      ],
      "word": "брдо̀вит"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic"
      ],
      "word": "го̀рскӣ"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic"
      ],
      "word": "горо̀вит"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "tags": [
        "Roman"
      ],
      "word": "plànīnskī"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "tags": [
        "Roman"
      ],
      "word": "brdòvit"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "tags": [
        "Roman"
      ],
      "word": "gòrskī"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "tags": [
        "Roman"
      ],
      "word": "goròvit"
    },
    {
      "code": "cjs",
      "lang": "Shor",
      "roman": "tağlığ",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "тағлығ"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "hornatý"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "gôrski"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "montañoso"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "bergig"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "fjällrik"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "mabundok"
    },
    {
      "code": "tsg",
      "lang": "Tausug",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "mabūd"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "dağlık"
    },
    {
      "code": "tyv",
      "lang": "Tuvan",
      "roman": "daglıg",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "даглыг"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "horýstyj",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "гори́стий"
    },
    {
      "code": "uz",
      "lang": "Uzbek",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "togʻlik"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "mynyddog"
    },
    {
      "code": "sah",
      "lang": "Yakut",
      "roman": "qayalaaq",
      "sense": "having many mountains",
      "word": "хайалаах"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "resembling a mountain",
      "word": "ohromný"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "resembling a mountain",
      "word": "obrovský"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "resembling a mountain",
      "word": "monta"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "resembling a mountain",
      "word": "järkälemäinen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "resembling a mountain",
      "word": "vuorenkokoinen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "resembling a mountain",
      "word": "jättimäinen"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "goropodóbnyj",
      "sense": "resembling a mountain",
      "word": "гороподо́бный"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "resembling a mountain",
      "word": "dağsı"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "resembling a mountain",
      "word": "dağımsı"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "very difficult",
      "word": "visainen"
    }
  ],
  "word": "mountainous"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.