See leer in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for leer meaning in English (25.7kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "*leer",
"4": "to make a face, look sideways"
},
"expansion": "*leer (“to make a face, look sideways”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "leer#Etymology_2",
"t": "cheek, face, profile"
},
"expansion": "leer (“cheek, face, profile”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Exact development uncertain, but apparently from a verb *leer (“to make a face, look sideways”), from leer (“cheek, face, profile”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "leers",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "leering",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "leered",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "leered",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "en-conj-simple",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "leer",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "leer (third-person singular simple present leers, present participle leering, simple past and past participle leered)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"old": "1"
},
"name": "en-conj-simple"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 2 4 9 4 12 9 1 4 0 9 2 0 7 13 11 9 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 7 8 5 10 7 1 5 0 7 2 0 7 12 14 7 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 10 38 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To look sideways or obliquely; now especially with sexual desire or malicious intent."
],
"id": "en-leer-en-verb-jJZ7BcdR",
"links": [
[
"look",
"look"
],
[
"sideways",
"sideways"
],
[
"sexual",
"sexual"
],
[
"desire",
"desire"
],
[
"malicious",
"malicious"
],
[
"intent",
"intent"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To look sideways or obliquely; now especially with sexual desire or malicious intent."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "(chlípně) pošilhávat"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "lonken"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "wellustig bekijken"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "okulumaĉi"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "fi",
"english": "sexually",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "silmäillä"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "fi",
"english": "maliciously",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "mulkoilla"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "fi",
"english": "maliciously",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "mulkaista"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "lorgner"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "zieuter"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "fr",
"english": "sexually",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "mater"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "anzüglich blicken"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "katillṓptō",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "κατιλλώπτω"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "pazál",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "פָּזַל"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "stírol"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "guardare di traverso"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "glūnēt"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "lūrēt"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "نگاه کج کردن"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "patrzeć pożądliwie"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "ru",
"english": "slantwise, with malicious intent",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kóso smotrétʹ",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "ко́со смотре́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"note": "with lust",
"roman": "smotrétʹ s voždelénijem",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "смотре́ть с вожделе́нием"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To entice with a leer or leers."
],
"id": "en-leer-en-verb-CD2HCo36",
"links": [
[
"entice",
"entice"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To entice with a leer or leers."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lɪə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lɪɹ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-leer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/77/En-uk-leer.ogg/En-uk-leer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/En-uk-leer.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-leer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/En-us-leer.ogg/En-us-leer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/En-us-leer.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "leer"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "*leer",
"4": "to make a face, look sideways"
},
"expansion": "*leer (“to make a face, look sideways”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "leer#Etymology_2",
"t": "cheek, face, profile"
},
"expansion": "leer (“cheek, face, profile”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Exact development uncertain, but apparently from a verb *leer (“to make a face, look sideways”), from leer (“cheek, face, profile”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "leers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "leer (plural leers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A significant side glance; a glance expressive of some passion, as malignity, amorousness, etc.; a sly or lecherous look."
],
"id": "en-leer-en-noun-4SXa7Uc5",
"links": [
[
"glance",
"glance"
],
[
"malignity",
"malignity"
],
[
"amorousness",
"amorousness"
],
[
"sly",
"sly"
],
[
"lecherous",
"lecherous"
],
[
"look",
"look"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pohotliv pogled",
"sense": "a sly or lecherous look",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "похотлив поглед"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a sly or lecherous look",
"word": "chlípný pohled"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a sly or lecherous look",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lüsterner Blick"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a sly or lecherous look",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "anzügliches Grinsen"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "a sly or lecherous look",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "claonfhéachaint"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ru",
"english": "sidelong (unfriendly) glance",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kosój vzgljad",
"sense": "a sly or lecherous look",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "косо́й взгляд"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"note": "плотоя́дный взгляд m (plotojádnyj vzgljad) (lecherous glance, lit.: \"carnivorous\")",
"sense": "a sly or lecherous look"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "a sly or lecherous look",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cilwen"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An arch or affected glance or cast of countenance."
],
"id": "en-leer-en-noun--pgVCcww",
"links": [
[
"countenance",
"countenance"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lɪə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lɪɹ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-leer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/77/En-uk-leer.ogg/En-uk-leer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/En-uk-leer.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-leer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/En-us-leer.ogg/En-us-leer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/En-us-leer.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "leer"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "ler"
},
"expansion": "Middle English ler",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "leor",
"t": "face, cheek"
},
"expansion": "leor (“face, cheek”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hlēor",
"t": "face, cheek, profile"
},
"expansion": "Old English hlēor (“face, cheek, profile”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hleuʀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hleuʀ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hleuzą",
"t": "ear, cheek"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hleuzą (“ear, cheek”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱlews-",
"t": "temple of the forehead, cheek"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱlews- (“temple of the forehead, cheek”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱlew-",
"4": "",
"5": "to hear"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱlew- (“to hear”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "lire"
},
"expansion": "Scots lire",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "lere",
"3": "",
"4": "face, appearance, complexion"
},
"expansion": "lere (“face, appearance, complexion”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "lier",
"3": "",
"4": "cheek"
},
"expansion": "Dutch lier (“cheek”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "lyra",
"3": "",
"4": "pout"
},
"expansion": "Swedish lyra (“pout”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "lia",
"3": "",
"4": "hillside"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian lia (“hillside”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "hlýr",
"3": "",
"4": "the face, cheek, countenance"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic hlýr (“the face, cheek, countenance”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hlyst",
"3": "",
"4": "sense of hearing, listening"
},
"expansion": "Old English hlyst (“sense of hearing, listening”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hlysnan",
"3": "",
"4": "to listen"
},
"expansion": "hlysnan (“to listen”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "list"
},
"expansion": "list",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "listen"
},
"expansion": "listen",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English ler, leor (“face, cheek”), from Old English hlēor (“face, cheek, profile”), from Proto-West Germanic *hleuʀ, from Proto-Germanic *hleuzą (“ear, cheek”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱlews- (“temple of the forehead, cheek”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱlew- (“to hear”). Cognate with Scots lire, lere (“face, appearance, complexion”), Dutch lier (“cheek”), Swedish lyra (“pout”), Norwegian lia (“hillside”), Icelandic hlýr (“the face, cheek, countenance”). Related to Old English hlyst (“sense of hearing, listening”) and hlysnan (“to listen”). More at list, listen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "leers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "leer (plural leers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 1 3 5 1 8 3 9 15 11 17 4 0 3 9 8 3 1 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Facial expressions",
"orig": "en:Facial expressions",
"parents": [
"Face",
"Nonverbal communication",
"Head and neck",
"Communication",
"Body parts",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Fundamental",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The cheek."
],
"id": "en-leer-en-noun-8nMEDO-P",
"links": [
[
"cheek",
"cheek"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) The cheek."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 1 3 5 1 8 3 9 15 11 17 4 0 3 9 8 3 1 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Facial expressions",
"orig": "en:Facial expressions",
"parents": [
"Face",
"Nonverbal communication",
"Head and neck",
"Communication",
"Body parts",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Fundamental",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The face."
],
"id": "en-leer-en-noun-3r8EjV6D",
"links": [
[
"face",
"face"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) The face."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 1 3 5 1 8 3 9 15 11 17 4 0 3 9 8 3 1 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Facial expressions",
"orig": "en:Facial expressions",
"parents": [
"Face",
"Nonverbal communication",
"Head and neck",
"Communication",
"Body parts",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Fundamental",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One's appearance; countenance."
],
"id": "en-leer-en-noun-B~Rnrdlc",
"links": [
[
"appearance",
"appearance"
],
[
"countenance",
"countenance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) One's appearance; countenance."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Complexion; hue; colour."
],
"id": "en-leer-en-noun-VGWOYSaw",
"links": [
[
"Complexion",
"complexion"
],
[
"hue",
"hue"
],
[
"colour",
"colour"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Complexion; hue; colour."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Flesh; skin."
],
"id": "en-leer-en-noun-YjbmHRel",
"links": [
[
"Flesh",
"flesh"
],
[
"skin",
"skin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Flesh; skin."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The flank or loin."
],
"id": "en-leer-en-noun-l~5VmBiL",
"links": [
[
"flank",
"flank"
],
[
"loin",
"loin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK dialectal) The flank or loin."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lɪə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lɪɹ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-leer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/77/En-uk-leer.ogg/En-uk-leer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/En-uk-leer.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-leer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/En-us-leer.ogg/En-us-leer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/En-us-leer.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lyre"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lire"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lere"
}
],
"word": "leer"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "leerness"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lere"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lere",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ġelǣr"
},
"expansion": "Old English ġelǣr",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*lǣre",
"t": "empty, void, empty-handed"
},
"expansion": "*lǣre (“empty, void, empty-handed”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*lēziz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *lēziz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*lēzijaz",
"t": "empty"
},
"expansion": "*lēzijaz (“empty”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*les-",
"t": "to collect, pick"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *les- (“to collect, pick”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "laar",
"t": "a clearing in the woods"
},
"expansion": "Dutch laar (“a clearing in the woods”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "leer",
"t": "empty"
},
"expansion": "German leer (“empty”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "lesan",
"t": "to gather, collect"
},
"expansion": "Old English lesan (“to gather, collect”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lease"
},
"expansion": "lease",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English lere, from Old English ġelǣr, *lǣre (“empty, void, empty-handed”), from Proto-Germanic *lēziz, *lēzijaz (“empty”), from Proto-Indo-European *les- (“to collect, pick”). Cognate with Dutch laar (“a clearing in the woods”), German leer (“empty”). Related to Old English lesan (“to gather, collect”). More at lease.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more leer",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most leer",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "leer (comparative more leer, superlative most leer)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1591, John Harington, Orlando Furioso",
"text": "The horse runs leere away without the man.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Empty; unoccupied; clear."
],
"id": "en-leer-en-adj-en:empty",
"links": [
[
"Empty",
"empty"
],
[
"unoccupied",
"unoccupied"
],
[
"clear",
"clear"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Empty; unoccupied; clear."
],
"senseid": [
"en:empty"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Destitute; lacking; wanting."
],
"id": "en-leer-en-adj-3Hm-ikxf",
"links": [
[
"Destitute",
"destitute"
],
[
"lacking",
"lacking"
],
[
"wanting",
"wanting"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Destitute; lacking; wanting."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Faint from lack of food; hungry."
],
"id": "en-leer-en-adj-86sRjTZS",
"links": [
[
"hungry",
"hungry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Faint from lack of food; hungry."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Thin; faint."
],
"id": "en-leer-en-adj-a1q76FTC",
"links": [
[
"Thin",
"thin"
],
[
"faint",
"faint"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK dialectal, obsolete) Thin; faint."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"dialectal",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Having no load or burden; free; without a rider."
],
"id": "en-leer-en-adj-3pNliCmu",
"links": [
[
"load",
"load"
],
[
"burden",
"burden"
],
[
"free",
"free"
],
[
"rider",
"rider"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Having no load or burden; free; without a rider."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 2 4 9 4 12 9 1 4 0 9 2 0 7 13 11 9 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 7 8 5 10 7 1 5 0 7 2 0 7 12 14 7 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "leer words",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Lacking sense or seriousness; trifling; frivolous."
],
"id": "en-leer-en-adj-L3SfrsyL",
"links": [
[
"trifling",
"trifling"
],
[
"frivolous",
"frivolous"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Lacking sense or seriousness; trifling; frivolous."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lɪə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lɪɹ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-leer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/77/En-uk-leer.ogg/En-uk-leer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/En-uk-leer.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-leer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/En-us-leer.ogg/En-us-leer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/En-us-leer.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lear"
}
],
"word": "leer"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "leren"
},
"expansion": "Middle English leren",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lǣran",
"t": "to teach, instruct, guide, enjoin, advise, persuade, urge, preach, hand down"
},
"expansion": "Old English lǣran (“to teach, instruct, guide, enjoin, advise, persuade, urge, preach, hand down”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*laiʀijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *laiʀijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*laizijaną",
"t": "to teach"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *laizijaną (“to teach”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*leys-",
"t": "track, footprint, furrow, trace"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *leys- (“track, footprint, furrow, trace”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "leren",
"t": "to teach, to learn"
},
"expansion": "Dutch leren (“to teach, to learn”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "lehren",
"t": "to teach"
},
"expansion": "German lehren (“to teach”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "lära",
"t": "to teach"
},
"expansion": "Swedish lära (“to teach”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "lār",
"t": "lore, learning, science, art of teaching, preaching, doctrine, study, precept, exhortation, advice, instigation, history, story, cunning"
},
"expansion": "Old English lār (“lore, learning, science, art of teaching, preaching, doctrine, study, precept, exhortation, advice, instigation, history, story, cunning”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English leren, from Old English lǣran (“to teach, instruct, guide, enjoin, advise, persuade, urge, preach, hand down”), from Proto-West Germanic *laiʀijan, from Proto-Germanic *laizijaną (“to teach”), from Proto-Indo-European *leys- (“track, footprint, furrow, trace”). Cognate with Dutch leren (“to teach, to learn”), German lehren (“to teach”), Swedish lära (“to teach”). Related to Old English lār (“lore, learning, science, art of teaching, preaching, doctrine, study, precept, exhortation, advice, instigation, history, story, cunning”). See lore.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "leers",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "leering",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "leered",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "leered",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "leer (third-person singular simple present leers, present participle leering, simple past and past participle leered)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To teach."
],
"id": "en-leer-en-verb-4~vydPXJ",
"links": [
[
"teach",
"teach"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) To teach."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To learn."
],
"id": "en-leer-en-verb-0YJtEahZ",
"links": [
[
"learn",
"learn"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) To learn."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lɪə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lɪɹ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-leer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/77/En-uk-leer.ogg/En-uk-leer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/En-uk-leer.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-leer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/En-us-leer.ogg/En-us-leer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/En-us-leer.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "leer"
}
{
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lehr"
},
"expansion": "lehr",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See lehr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "leers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "leer (plural leers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "lehr"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 2 4 9 4 12 9 1 4 0 9 2 0 7 13 11 9 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 7 8 5 10 7 1 5 0 7 2 0 7 12 14 7 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of lehr"
],
"id": "en-leer-en-noun-Zlfs5hcY",
"links": [
[
"lehr",
"lehr#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lɪə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lɪɹ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-leer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/77/En-uk-leer.ogg/En-uk-leer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/En-uk-leer.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-leer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/En-us-leer.ogg/En-us-leer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/En-us-leer.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "leer"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɪə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɪə(ɹ)/1 syllable",
"en:Facial expressions"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "*leer",
"4": "to make a face, look sideways"
},
"expansion": "*leer (“to make a face, look sideways”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "leer#Etymology_2",
"t": "cheek, face, profile"
},
"expansion": "leer (“cheek, face, profile”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Exact development uncertain, but apparently from a verb *leer (“to make a face, look sideways”), from leer (“cheek, face, profile”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "leers",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "leering",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "leered",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "leered",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "en-conj-simple",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "leer",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "leer (third-person singular simple present leers, present participle leering, simple past and past participle leered)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"old": "1"
},
"name": "en-conj-simple"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To look sideways or obliquely; now especially with sexual desire or malicious intent."
],
"links": [
[
"look",
"look"
],
[
"sideways",
"sideways"
],
[
"sexual",
"sexual"
],
[
"desire",
"desire"
],
[
"malicious",
"malicious"
],
[
"intent",
"intent"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To look sideways or obliquely; now especially with sexual desire or malicious intent."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To entice with a leer or leers."
],
"links": [
[
"entice",
"entice"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To entice with a leer or leers."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lɪə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lɪɹ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-leer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/77/En-uk-leer.ogg/En-uk-leer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/En-uk-leer.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-leer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/En-us-leer.ogg/En-us-leer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/En-us-leer.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "(chlípně) pošilhávat"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "lonken"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "wellustig bekijken"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "okulumaĉi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "sexually",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "silmäillä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "maliciously",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "mulkoilla"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "maliciously",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "mulkaista"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "lorgner"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "zieuter"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"english": "sexually",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "mater"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "anzüglich blicken"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "katillṓptō",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "κατιλλώπτω"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "pazál",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "פָּזַל"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "stírol"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "guardare di traverso"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "glūnēt"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "lūrēt"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "نگاه کج کردن"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "patrzeć pożądliwie"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "slantwise, with malicious intent",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kóso smotrétʹ",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "ко́со смотре́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"note": "with lust",
"roman": "smotrétʹ s voždelénijem",
"sense": "to look with sexual desire or malicious intent",
"word": "смотре́ть с вожделе́нием"
}
],
"word": "leer"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɪə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɪə(ɹ)/1 syllable",
"en:Facial expressions"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "*leer",
"4": "to make a face, look sideways"
},
"expansion": "*leer (“to make a face, look sideways”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "leer#Etymology_2",
"t": "cheek, face, profile"
},
"expansion": "leer (“cheek, face, profile”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Exact development uncertain, but apparently from a verb *leer (“to make a face, look sideways”), from leer (“cheek, face, profile”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "leers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "leer (plural leers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A significant side glance; a glance expressive of some passion, as malignity, amorousness, etc.; a sly or lecherous look."
],
"links": [
[
"glance",
"glance"
],
[
"malignity",
"malignity"
],
[
"amorousness",
"amorousness"
],
[
"sly",
"sly"
],
[
"lecherous",
"lecherous"
],
[
"look",
"look"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An arch or affected glance or cast of countenance."
],
"links": [
[
"countenance",
"countenance"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lɪə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lɪɹ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-leer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/77/En-uk-leer.ogg/En-uk-leer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/En-uk-leer.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-leer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/En-us-leer.ogg/En-us-leer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/En-us-leer.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pohotliv pogled",
"sense": "a sly or lecherous look",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "похотлив поглед"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a sly or lecherous look",
"word": "chlípný pohled"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a sly or lecherous look",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lüsterner Blick"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a sly or lecherous look",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "anzügliches Grinsen"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "a sly or lecherous look",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "claonfhéachaint"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "sidelong (unfriendly) glance",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kosój vzgljad",
"sense": "a sly or lecherous look",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "косо́й взгляд"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"note": "плотоя́дный взгляд m (plotojádnyj vzgljad) (lecherous glance, lit.: \"carnivorous\")",
"sense": "a sly or lecherous look"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "a sly or lecherous look",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cilwen"
}
],
"word": "leer"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:English/ɪə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɪə(ɹ)/1 syllable",
"en:Facial expressions"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "ler"
},
"expansion": "Middle English ler",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "leor",
"t": "face, cheek"
},
"expansion": "leor (“face, cheek”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hlēor",
"t": "face, cheek, profile"
},
"expansion": "Old English hlēor (“face, cheek, profile”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hleuʀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hleuʀ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hleuzą",
"t": "ear, cheek"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hleuzą (“ear, cheek”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱlews-",
"t": "temple of the forehead, cheek"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱlews- (“temple of the forehead, cheek”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱlew-",
"4": "",
"5": "to hear"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱlew- (“to hear”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "lire"
},
"expansion": "Scots lire",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "lere",
"3": "",
"4": "face, appearance, complexion"
},
"expansion": "lere (“face, appearance, complexion”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "lier",
"3": "",
"4": "cheek"
},
"expansion": "Dutch lier (“cheek”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "lyra",
"3": "",
"4": "pout"
},
"expansion": "Swedish lyra (“pout”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "lia",
"3": "",
"4": "hillside"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian lia (“hillside”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "hlýr",
"3": "",
"4": "the face, cheek, countenance"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic hlýr (“the face, cheek, countenance”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hlyst",
"3": "",
"4": "sense of hearing, listening"
},
"expansion": "Old English hlyst (“sense of hearing, listening”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hlysnan",
"3": "",
"4": "to listen"
},
"expansion": "hlysnan (“to listen”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "list"
},
"expansion": "list",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "listen"
},
"expansion": "listen",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English ler, leor (“face, cheek”), from Old English hlēor (“face, cheek, profile”), from Proto-West Germanic *hleuʀ, from Proto-Germanic *hleuzą (“ear, cheek”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱlews- (“temple of the forehead, cheek”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱlew- (“to hear”). Cognate with Scots lire, lere (“face, appearance, complexion”), Dutch lier (“cheek”), Swedish lyra (“pout”), Norwegian lia (“hillside”), Icelandic hlýr (“the face, cheek, countenance”). Related to Old English hlyst (“sense of hearing, listening”) and hlysnan (“to listen”). More at list, listen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "leers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "leer (plural leers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"The cheek."
],
"links": [
[
"cheek",
"cheek"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) The cheek."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"The face."
],
"links": [
[
"face",
"face"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) The face."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"One's appearance; countenance."
],
"links": [
[
"appearance",
"appearance"
],
[
"countenance",
"countenance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) One's appearance; countenance."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Complexion; hue; colour."
],
"links": [
[
"Complexion",
"complexion"
],
[
"hue",
"hue"
],
[
"colour",
"colour"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Complexion; hue; colour."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Flesh; skin."
],
"links": [
[
"Flesh",
"flesh"
],
[
"skin",
"skin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Flesh; skin."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"The flank or loin."
],
"links": [
[
"flank",
"flank"
],
[
"loin",
"loin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK dialectal) The flank or loin."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lɪə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lɪɹ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-leer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/77/En-uk-leer.ogg/En-uk-leer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/En-uk-leer.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-leer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/En-us-leer.ogg/En-us-leer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/En-us-leer.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lyre"
},
{
"word": "lire"
},
{
"word": "lere"
}
],
"word": "leer"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:English/ɪə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɪə(ɹ)/1 syllable",
"en:Facial expressions"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "leerness"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lere"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lere",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ġelǣr"
},
"expansion": "Old English ġelǣr",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*lǣre",
"t": "empty, void, empty-handed"
},
"expansion": "*lǣre (“empty, void, empty-handed”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*lēziz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *lēziz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*lēzijaz",
"t": "empty"
},
"expansion": "*lēzijaz (“empty”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*les-",
"t": "to collect, pick"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *les- (“to collect, pick”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "laar",
"t": "a clearing in the woods"
},
"expansion": "Dutch laar (“a clearing in the woods”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "leer",
"t": "empty"
},
"expansion": "German leer (“empty”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "lesan",
"t": "to gather, collect"
},
"expansion": "Old English lesan (“to gather, collect”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lease"
},
"expansion": "lease",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English lere, from Old English ġelǣr, *lǣre (“empty, void, empty-handed”), from Proto-Germanic *lēziz, *lēzijaz (“empty”), from Proto-Indo-European *les- (“to collect, pick”). Cognate with Dutch laar (“a clearing in the woods”), German leer (“empty”). Related to Old English lesan (“to gather, collect”). More at lease.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more leer",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most leer",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "leer (comparative more leer, superlative most leer)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1591, John Harington, Orlando Furioso",
"text": "The horse runs leere away without the man.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Empty; unoccupied; clear."
],
"links": [
[
"Empty",
"empty"
],
[
"unoccupied",
"unoccupied"
],
[
"clear",
"clear"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Empty; unoccupied; clear."
],
"senseid": [
"en:empty"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Destitute; lacking; wanting."
],
"links": [
[
"Destitute",
"destitute"
],
[
"lacking",
"lacking"
],
[
"wanting",
"wanting"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Destitute; lacking; wanting."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Faint from lack of food; hungry."
],
"links": [
[
"hungry",
"hungry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Faint from lack of food; hungry."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English dialectal terms",
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Thin; faint."
],
"links": [
[
"Thin",
"thin"
],
[
"faint",
"faint"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK dialectal, obsolete) Thin; faint."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"dialectal",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Having no load or burden; free; without a rider."
],
"links": [
[
"load",
"load"
],
[
"burden",
"burden"
],
[
"free",
"free"
],
[
"rider",
"rider"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Having no load or burden; free; without a rider."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "leer words",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Lacking sense or seriousness; trifling; frivolous."
],
"links": [
[
"trifling",
"trifling"
],
[
"frivolous",
"frivolous"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Lacking sense or seriousness; trifling; frivolous."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lɪə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lɪɹ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-leer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/77/En-uk-leer.ogg/En-uk-leer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/En-uk-leer.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-leer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/En-us-leer.ogg/En-us-leer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/En-us-leer.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lear"
}
],
"word": "leer"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɪə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɪə(ɹ)/1 syllable",
"en:Facial expressions"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "leren"
},
"expansion": "Middle English leren",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lǣran",
"t": "to teach, instruct, guide, enjoin, advise, persuade, urge, preach, hand down"
},
"expansion": "Old English lǣran (“to teach, instruct, guide, enjoin, advise, persuade, urge, preach, hand down”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*laiʀijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *laiʀijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*laizijaną",
"t": "to teach"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *laizijaną (“to teach”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*leys-",
"t": "track, footprint, furrow, trace"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *leys- (“track, footprint, furrow, trace”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "leren",
"t": "to teach, to learn"
},
"expansion": "Dutch leren (“to teach, to learn”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "lehren",
"t": "to teach"
},
"expansion": "German lehren (“to teach”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "lära",
"t": "to teach"
},
"expansion": "Swedish lära (“to teach”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "lār",
"t": "lore, learning, science, art of teaching, preaching, doctrine, study, precept, exhortation, advice, instigation, history, story, cunning"
},
"expansion": "Old English lār (“lore, learning, science, art of teaching, preaching, doctrine, study, precept, exhortation, advice, instigation, history, story, cunning”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English leren, from Old English lǣran (“to teach, instruct, guide, enjoin, advise, persuade, urge, preach, hand down”), from Proto-West Germanic *laiʀijan, from Proto-Germanic *laizijaną (“to teach”), from Proto-Indo-European *leys- (“track, footprint, furrow, trace”). Cognate with Dutch leren (“to teach, to learn”), German lehren (“to teach”), Swedish lära (“to teach”). Related to Old English lār (“lore, learning, science, art of teaching, preaching, doctrine, study, precept, exhortation, advice, instigation, history, story, cunning”). See lore.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "leers",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "leering",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "leered",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "leered",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "leer (third-person singular simple present leers, present participle leering, simple past and past participle leered)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To teach."
],
"links": [
[
"teach",
"teach"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) To teach."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To learn."
],
"links": [
[
"learn",
"learn"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) To learn."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lɪə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lɪɹ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-leer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/77/En-uk-leer.ogg/En-uk-leer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/En-uk-leer.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-leer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/En-us-leer.ogg/En-us-leer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/En-us-leer.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "leer"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:English/ɪə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɪə(ɹ)/1 syllable",
"en:Facial expressions"
],
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lehr"
},
"expansion": "lehr",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See lehr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "leers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "leer (plural leers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "lehr"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of lehr"
],
"links": [
[
"lehr",
"lehr#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lɪə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lɪɹ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-leer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/77/En-uk-leer.ogg/En-uk-leer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/En-uk-leer.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-leer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/En-us-leer.ogg/En-us-leer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/En-us-leer.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "leer"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (4d5d0bb and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.