See infringe in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "infringement"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "infringed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "infringer"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰreg-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "infringere",
"4": "",
"5": "to break off, break, bruise, weaken, destroy"
},
"expansion": "Latin infringere (“to break off, break, bruise, weaken, destroy”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin infringere (“to break off, break, bruise, weaken, destroy”), from in (“in”) + frangere (“to break”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "infringes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "infringing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "infringed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "infringed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "infringe (third-person singular simple present infringes, present participle infringing, simple past and past participle infringed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "infraction"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1951, T. S. Lascelles, “British Railway Signalling Since 1925”, in Railway Magazine, number 600, page 226:",
"text": "The patent situation, too, played a part in this, as often a firm sought to produce something which would achieve a given result, and yet not infringe a patent held by another; or a railway engineer would think of a device of his own that would free him of obligation to some manufacturer.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013 June 8, “Obama goes troll-hunting”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8839, page 55:",
"text": "According to this saga of intellectual-property misanthropy, these creatures [patent trolls] roam the business world, buying up patents and then using them to demand extravagant payouts from companies they accuse of infringing them. Often, their victims pay up rather than face the costs of a legal battle.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To break or violate a treaty, a law, a right, etc."
],
"id": "en-infringe-en-verb-hUQqhgm1",
"links": [
[
"break",
"break"
],
[
"violate",
"violate"
],
[
"treaty",
"treaty"
],
[
"law",
"law"
],
[
"right",
"right"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To break or violate a treaty, a law, a right, etc."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "93 6 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "narušavam",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "нарушавам"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 6 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "infringir"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 6 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "schenden"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 6 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "kontraŭi"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 6 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "malobei"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 6 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "malobservi"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 6 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "enfreindre"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 6 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "verletzen"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 6 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "übertreten"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 6 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "verstoßen"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 6 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "derromper"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 6 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "britar"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 6 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "crebar"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 6 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "infrinxir"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 6 1",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "uzurpar"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 6 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "infrangere"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 6 1",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "wibanhada",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "위반(違反)하다"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 6 1",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "chimhaehada",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "침해(侵害)하다"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 6 1",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "eogida",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "어기다"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 6 1",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "enfrànher"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 6 1",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "naqz kardan",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "نقض کردن"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 6 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "naruszać"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 6 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "infringir"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 6 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "transgredir"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 6 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "încălca"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 6 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "narušatʹ",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "нарушать"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 6 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "infringir"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 6 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "ihlal etmek"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Near-synonym: impinge"
},
{
"ref": "1789, Second Amendment to the United States Constitution:",
"text": "A well regulated Militia, being neceſsary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To break in or encroach on something."
],
"id": "en-infringe-en-verb-dWUHg3B7",
"links": [
[
"break in",
"break in"
],
[
"encroach",
"encroach"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To break in or encroach on something."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 24 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 29 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 20 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 20 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 28 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 21 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 28 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 20 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 24 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 22 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ido translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 23 58",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 20 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 21 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Occitan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 20 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 24 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 17 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 20 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 23 58",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 26 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 20 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To furnish or embellish with a fringe."
],
"id": "en-infringe-en-verb-cU-L3vB3",
"links": [
[
"furnish",
"furnish"
],
[
"embellish",
"embellish"
],
[
"fringe",
"fringe"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, dated) To furnish or embellish with a fringe."
],
"tags": [
"dated",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪnˈfɹɪnd͡ʒ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vininn126-infringe.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ef/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-infringe.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-infringe.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪndʒ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "enfringe"
}
],
"word": "infringe"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰreg-",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɪndʒ",
"Rhymes:English/ɪndʒ/2 syllables",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "infringement"
},
{
"word": "infringed"
},
{
"word": "infringer"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰreg-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "infringere",
"4": "",
"5": "to break off, break, bruise, weaken, destroy"
},
"expansion": "Latin infringere (“to break off, break, bruise, weaken, destroy”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin infringere (“to break off, break, bruise, weaken, destroy”), from in (“in”) + frangere (“to break”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "infringes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "infringing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "infringed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "infringed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "infringe (third-person singular simple present infringes, present participle infringing, simple past and past participle infringed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "infraction"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1951, T. S. Lascelles, “British Railway Signalling Since 1925”, in Railway Magazine, number 600, page 226:",
"text": "The patent situation, too, played a part in this, as often a firm sought to produce something which would achieve a given result, and yet not infringe a patent held by another; or a railway engineer would think of a device of his own that would free him of obligation to some manufacturer.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013 June 8, “Obama goes troll-hunting”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8839, page 55:",
"text": "According to this saga of intellectual-property misanthropy, these creatures [patent trolls] roam the business world, buying up patents and then using them to demand extravagant payouts from companies they accuse of infringing them. Often, their victims pay up rather than face the costs of a legal battle.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To break or violate a treaty, a law, a right, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"break",
"break"
],
[
"violate",
"violate"
],
[
"treaty",
"treaty"
],
[
"law",
"law"
],
[
"right",
"right"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To break or violate a treaty, a law, a right, etc."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Near-synonym: impinge"
},
{
"ref": "1789, Second Amendment to the United States Constitution:",
"text": "A well regulated Militia, being neceſsary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To break in or encroach on something."
],
"links": [
[
"break in",
"break in"
],
[
"encroach",
"encroach"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To break in or encroach on something."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English dated terms",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To furnish or embellish with a fringe."
],
"links": [
[
"furnish",
"furnish"
],
[
"embellish",
"embellish"
],
[
"fringe",
"fringe"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, dated) To furnish or embellish with a fringe."
],
"tags": [
"dated",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪnˈfɹɪnd͡ʒ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vininn126-infringe.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ef/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-infringe.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-infringe.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪndʒ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "enfringe"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "narušavam",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "нарушавам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "infringir"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "schenden"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "kontraŭi"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "malobei"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "malobservi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "enfreindre"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "verletzen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "übertreten"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "verstoßen"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "derromper"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "britar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "crebar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "infrinxir"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "uzurpar"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "infrangere"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "wibanhada",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "위반(違反)하다"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "chimhaehada",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "침해(侵害)하다"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "eogida",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "어기다"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "enfrànher"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "naqz kardan",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "نقض کردن"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "naruszać"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "infringir"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "transgredir"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "încălca"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "narušatʹ",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "нарушать"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "infringir"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.",
"word": "ihlal etmek"
}
],
"word": "infringe"
}
Download raw JSONL data for infringe meaning in English (8.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.