See grapheme in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for grapheme meaning in English (11.3kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "grapheme-color"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "γράφω",
"4": "",
"5": "write"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek γράφω (gráphō, “write”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-eme"
},
"expansion": "-eme",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-gram"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of -gram",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek γράφω (gráphō, “write”) + -eme. Doublet of -gram.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "graphemes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grapheme (plural graphemes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gra‧pheme‧graph‧eme"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 40 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 28 31",
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"name": "Writing",
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"Language",
"Human",
"Communication",
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}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2000, Richard Sproat, A Computational Theory of Writing Systems, Cambridge University Press, page 28",
"text": "For instance, it is convenient to refer to a single Chinese character as being a grapheme in some contexts.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A fundamental unit of a writing system, corresponding to (for example) letters in the English alphabet or jamo in Korean Hangeul."
],
"id": "en-grapheme-en-noun-OEab4RB0",
"links": [
[
"writing system",
"writing system"
],
[
"letters",
"letters"
],
[
"alphabet",
"alphabet"
],
[
"jamo",
"jamo"
],
[
"Hangeul",
"Hangeul"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "gruytʿ",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "գրույթ"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grafema"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "ban",
"lang": "Balinese",
"roman": "aksarabaga",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "ᬳᬓ᭄ᬲᬭᬩᬕ"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "hrafjéma",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "графе́ма"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "graféma",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "графе́ма"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grafema"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zìsù",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "字素"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zìwèi",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "字位"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grafém"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "grafeem"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "grafemo"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "grafeemi"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "graphème"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grafema"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "grapema",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "გრაფემა"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Graphem"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "gráfima",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "γράφημα"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "גְּרָפֶמָה"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "graféma"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grafema"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"alt": "しょきそ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shokiso",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "書記素"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"alt": "じそ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "jiso",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "字素"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"alt": "もじそ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "mojiso",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "文字素"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"alt": "ずけいそ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "zukeiso",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "図形素"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "grafema",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "графема"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jaso",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "자소"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "munjaso",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "문자소"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "seogiso",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "서기소"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "grafema",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "графема"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "grafem"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grafem"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grafema"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "grafem"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "graféma",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "графе́ма"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "гра̀фе̄м"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "gràfēm"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grafima"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "graféma"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grafema"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "grafem"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "nùai-àk-kà-rà",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "หน่วยอักขระ"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "hraféma",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "графе́ма"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 29 15",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "tự vị"
}
]
},
{
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{
"_dis": "45 40 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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{
"text": "Coordinate term: glyph"
},
{
"ref": "2003, Richard Gillam, chapter 4, in Unicode Demystified: A Practical Programmer's Guide to the Encoding Standard, Addison-Wesley Professional, page 118",
"text": "Even so, it's important for Unicode-friendly applications to deal with text in their user interfaces as a series of graphemes and not as a series of Unicode code points […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sequence of one or more code points that are processed and displayed as a single graphical unit of a writing system."
],
"id": "en-grapheme-en-noun-Yroa2uyr",
"links": [
[
"Unicode",
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],
[
"code point",
"code point"
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"writing system",
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"(Unicode) A sequence of one or more code points that are processed and displayed as a single graphical unit of a writing system."
],
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"word": "grapheme cluster"
}
]
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{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
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"orig": "en:Linguistics",
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"Communication",
"Sciences",
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{
"_dis": "45 40 15",
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"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "[1987, David Caplan, Neurolinguistics and Linguistic Aphasiology: An Introduction, Cambridge University Press, page 234",
"text": "The term for a letter or combination of letters which represents a particular sound is a “grapheme”. Languages like Italian and Serbo-Croatian have very simple “grapheme–phoneme conversion” rules.]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2019, Flavia Belpoliti, Encarna Bermejo, Spanish Heritage Learners' Emerging Literacy: Empirical Research and Classroom Practice, Routledge",
"text": "In terms of specific graphemes, Table 2.5 identifies the most frequent inconsistent phoneme-to-grapheme patterns.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In alphabetic writing, the shortest group of letters composing a phoneme."
],
"id": "en-grapheme-en-noun-5H5-COCz",
"links": [
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"linguistics",
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],
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"letters",
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],
[
"phoneme",
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]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics) In alphabetic writing, the shortest group of letters composing a phoneme."
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹæ.fiːm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹæ.fim/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-grapheme.wav",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "grapheme"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Requests for review of Urdu translations",
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{
"word": "grapheme-color"
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"name": "bor"
},
{
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{
"args": {
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],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek γράφω (gráphō, “write”) + -eme. Doublet of -gram.",
"forms": [
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"tags": [
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{
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],
"glosses": [
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],
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{
"ref": "2003, Richard Gillam, chapter 4, in Unicode Demystified: A Practical Programmer's Guide to the Encoding Standard, Addison-Wesley Professional, page 118",
"text": "Even so, it's important for Unicode-friendly applications to deal with text in their user interfaces as a series of graphemes and not as a series of Unicode code points […]",
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],
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"type": "quotation"
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{
"ref": "2019, Flavia Belpoliti, Encarna Bermejo, Spanish Heritage Learners' Emerging Literacy: Empirical Research and Classroom Practice, Routledge",
"text": "In terms of specific graphemes, Table 2.5 identifies the most frequent inconsistent phoneme-to-grapheme patterns.",
"type": "quotation"
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],
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"In alphabetic writing, the shortest group of letters composing a phoneme."
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],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹæ.fiːm/",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹæ.fim/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
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"tags": [
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],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "gruytʿ",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "գրույթ"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grafema"
},
{
"code": "ban",
"lang": "Balinese",
"roman": "aksarabaga",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "ᬳᬓ᭄ᬲᬭᬩᬕ"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "hrafjéma",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "графе́ма"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "graféma",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "графе́ма"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grafema"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zìsù",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "字素"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zìwèi",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "字位"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grafém"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "grafeem"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "grafemo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "grafeemi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "graphème"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grafema"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "grapema",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "გრაფემა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Graphem"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "gráfima",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "γράφημα"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "גְּרָפֶמָה"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "graféma"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grafema"
},
{
"alt": "しょきそ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shokiso",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "書記素"
},
{
"alt": "じそ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "jiso",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "字素"
},
{
"alt": "もじそ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "mojiso",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "文字素"
},
{
"alt": "ずけいそ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "zukeiso",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "図形素"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "grafema",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "графема"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jaso",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "자소"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "munjaso",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "문자소"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "seogiso",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "서기소"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "grafema",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "графема"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "grafem"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grafem"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grafema"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "grafem"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "graféma",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "графе́ма"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "гра̀фе̄м"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "gràfēm"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grafima"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "graféma"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grafema"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "grafem"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "nùai-àk-kà-rà",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "หน่วยอักขระ"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "hraféma",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "графе́ма"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "fundamental unit of a writing system",
"word": "tự vị"
}
],
"word": "grapheme"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.