See free will in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for free will meaning in English (11.4kB)
{
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"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "fre will"
},
"expansion": "Middle English fre will",
"name": "inh"
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{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fre wil"
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{
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{
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"2": "free",
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],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English fre will, fre wil, fre wille, equivalent to free + will.",
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"pos": "noun",
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{
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{
"ref": "1839, Charles Dickens, Nicholas Nickleby",
"text": "I am impelled to this course by no one, but follow it of my own free-will.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1965, Harry S. Truman, 2:02 from the start, in MP2002-442 Former President Truman Discusses Problems Faced During the Potsdam Conference, Harry S. Truman Presidential Library and Museum, National Archives Identifier: 595162",
"text": "We were faced with a great many problems at Potsdam. The most troublesome one was the refugee problem. They were coming- German refugees were coming from Czechoslovakia and then from Poland into Germany. And Stalin said they weren't coming. We explained to him that they were coming, and they were coming from the countries which he occupied. And then he said they were coming of their own free will and accord. Well, if they came of their own free will- he was just lying about it because they were not coming of their own free will. The same kind of free will affected my grandmother when the Federals ran off with her farm and the goods and things on it, and forced her to move off the farm. These people were forced to move and the Russians were doing it.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1983, “Owner of a Lonely Heart”, in 90125, performed by Yes",
"text": "Don't deceive your free will at all / Owner of a lonely heart",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
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"A person's natural inclination; unforced choice"
],
"id": "en-free_will-en-noun-T7ZD-Fpw",
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[
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[
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"tags": [
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"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "natural inclination",
"word": "自願"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
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"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zìyuàn",
"sense": "natural inclination",
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{
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"code": "da",
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"sense": "natural inclination",
"word": "fri vilje"
},
{
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"sense": "natural inclination",
"word": "vapaa tahto"
},
{
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"sense": "natural inclination",
"tags": [
"feminine"
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"word": "voluntas"
},
{
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{
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{
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"word": "egen vilja"
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{
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{
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{
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"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Free Will Baptist"
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{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "free-willer"
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{
"ref": "1869, Emmanuel Swedenborg, translated by R Norman Foster, The True Christian Religion",
"text": "What is free will but the power of volition and action, and of thought and speech, to all appearance as of one's self?",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2012 January 12, “Free will and politics”, in The Economist",
"text": "The new challenge to free will comes from a different direction: neuroscience's discovery that people's brains are a collection of diversely oriented modules, and that our understanding of our own intentionality is to a great degree a legitimating fiction which one module in the left hemisphere of the brain retroactively imposes over the decisions different modules make.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
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"The ability to choose one's actions, or determine what reasons are acceptable motivation for actions, without predestination, fate etc."
],
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[
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[
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"choose"
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[
"action",
"action"
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[
"determine",
"determine"
],
[
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"reason"
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[
"acceptable",
"acceptable"
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[
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[
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[
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"(philosophy) The ability to choose one's actions, or determine what reasons are acceptable motivation for actions, without predestination, fate etc."
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "determinism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "existentialism"
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{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "agency"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "freewil"
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{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "freewill"
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"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḥurriyyat al-ʔirāda",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "حُرِّيَّة الْإِرَادَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "azat kamkʻ",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"word": "ազատ կամք"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "ixtıyar",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"word": "ихтыяр"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "ixtıyar irke",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"word": "ихтыяр ирке"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "svobodna volja",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "свободна воля"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lliure albir"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "franc arbitri"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zìyóu yìzhì",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"word": "自由意志"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "svobodná vůle"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vrije wil"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"word": "vapaa tahto"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "libre arbitre"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "libre arbitrio"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "freier Wille"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "b'khirá khofshít",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "בחירה חפשית"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "libero arbitrio"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"alt": "じゆういし",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "jiyū ishi",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"word": "自由意志"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"alt": "自由意志",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jayuuiji",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"word": "자유의지"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "spōns"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "liberum arbitrium"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "slobodna volja",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "слободна волја"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aigney seyr"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "extiyâr",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"word": "اختیار"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "âzâdkâmi",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"word": "آزادکامی"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "wolna wola"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "livre-arbítrio"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "liber arbitru"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "svobódnaja vólja",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "свобо́дная во́ля"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "saor-thoil"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "slobodná vôľa"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "libre albedrío"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "fri vilja"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"word": "malayang loob"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"word": "เจตจำนงเสรี"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"word": "özgür irade"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "svobóda vóli",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "свобо́да во́лі"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"word": "ý chí tự do"
}
]
}
],
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"audio": "en-us-free-will.ogg",
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"tags": [
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"wikipedia": [
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"word": "free will"
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{
"categories": [
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"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English multiword terms",
"English nouns",
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"English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
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],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Free Will Baptist"
},
{
"word": "free-willer"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
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"3": "fre will"
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"expansion": "Middle English fre will",
"name": "inh"
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"name": "m"
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"etymology_text": "From Middle English fre will, fre wil, fre wille, equivalent to free + will.",
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"pos": "noun",
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"word": "determinism"
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{
"word": "existentialism"
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{
"categories": [
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{
"ref": "1839, Charles Dickens, Nicholas Nickleby",
"text": "I am impelled to this course by no one, but follow it of my own free-will.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1965, Harry S. Truman, 2:02 from the start, in MP2002-442 Former President Truman Discusses Problems Faced During the Potsdam Conference, Harry S. Truman Presidential Library and Museum, National Archives Identifier: 595162",
"text": "We were faced with a great many problems at Potsdam. The most troublesome one was the refugee problem. They were coming- German refugees were coming from Czechoslovakia and then from Poland into Germany. And Stalin said they weren't coming. We explained to him that they were coming, and they were coming from the countries which he occupied. And then he said they were coming of their own free will and accord. Well, if they came of their own free will- he was just lying about it because they were not coming of their own free will. The same kind of free will affected my grandmother when the Federals ran off with her farm and the goods and things on it, and forced her to move off the farm. These people were forced to move and the Russians were doing it.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1983, “Owner of a Lonely Heart”, in 90125, performed by Yes",
"text": "Don't deceive your free will at all / Owner of a lonely heart",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person's natural inclination; unforced choice"
],
"links": [
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{
"ref": "1869, Emmanuel Swedenborg, translated by R Norman Foster, The True Christian Religion",
"text": "What is free will but the power of volition and action, and of thought and speech, to all appearance as of one's self?",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2012 January 12, “Free will and politics”, in The Economist",
"text": "The new challenge to free will comes from a different direction: neuroscience's discovery that people's brains are a collection of diversely oriented modules, and that our understanding of our own intentionality is to a great degree a legitimating fiction which one module in the left hemisphere of the brain retroactively imposes over the decisions different modules make.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The ability to choose one's actions, or determine what reasons are acceptable motivation for actions, without predestination, fate etc."
],
"links": [
[
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],
[
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[
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[
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[
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"raw_glosses": [
"(philosophy) The ability to choose one's actions, or determine what reasons are acceptable motivation for actions, without predestination, fate etc."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
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}
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{
"audio": "en-us-free-will.ogg",
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"tags": [
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"synonyms": [
{
"word": "agency"
},
{
"word": "freewil"
},
{
"word": "freewill"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "natural inclination",
"word": "自願"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zìyuàn",
"sense": "natural inclination",
"word": "自愿"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "natural inclination",
"word": "fri vilje"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "natural inclination",
"word": "vapaa tahto"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "natural inclination",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "voluntas"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "natural inclination",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "própria vontade"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "natural inclination",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "libre albedrío"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "natural inclination",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "egen vilja"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḥurriyyat al-ʔirāda",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "حُرِّيَّة الْإِرَادَة"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "azat kamkʻ",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"word": "ազատ կամք"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "ixtıyar",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"word": "ихтыяр"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "ixtıyar irke",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"word": "ихтыяр ирке"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "svobodna volja",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "свободна воля"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lliure albir"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "franc arbitri"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zìyóu yìzhì",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"word": "自由意志"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "svobodná vůle"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vrije wil"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"word": "vapaa tahto"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "libre arbitre"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "libre arbitrio"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "freier Wille"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "b'khirá khofshít",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "בחירה חפשית"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "libero arbitrio"
},
{
"alt": "じゆういし",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "jiyū ishi",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"word": "自由意志"
},
{
"alt": "自由意志",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jayuuiji",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"word": "자유의지"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "spōns"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "liberum arbitrium"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "slobodna volja",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "слободна волја"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aigney seyr"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "extiyâr",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"word": "اختیار"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "âzâdkâmi",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"word": "آزادکامی"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "wolna wola"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "livre-arbítrio"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "liber arbitru"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "svobódnaja vólja",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "свобо́дная во́ля"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "saor-thoil"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "slobodná vôľa"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "libre albedrío"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "fri vilja"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"word": "malayang loob"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"word": "เจตจำนงเสรี"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"word": "özgür irade"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "svobóda vóli",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "свобо́да во́лі"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "ability to choose one's actions",
"word": "ý chí tự do"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"free will"
],
"word": "free will"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.