See crave in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "becrave"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "craveable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "craver"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "craving"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "cravingly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "cravingness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "uncraving"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "craven"
},
"expansion": "Middle English craven",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "crafian",
"t": "to crave, ask, implore, demand, summon"
},
"expansion": "Old English crafian (“to crave, ask, implore, demand, summon”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*krafōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *krafōn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*krafjaną",
"t": "to demand"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *krafjaną (“to demand”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "kræve",
"t": "to demand, require"
},
"expansion": "Danish kræve (“to demand, require”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kräva",
"t": "to crave, demand"
},
"expansion": "Swedish kräva (“to crave, demand”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "krefja",
"t": "to demand"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic krefja (“to demand”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "kreve",
"t": "to demand"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian kreve (“to demand”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English craven, from Old English crafian (“to crave, ask, implore, demand, summon”), from Proto-West Germanic *krafōn, from Proto-Germanic *krafjaną (“to demand”). Cognate with Danish kræve (“to demand, require”), Swedish kräva (“to crave, demand”), Icelandic krefja (“to demand”), Norwegian kreve (“to demand”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "craves",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "craving",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "craved",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "craved",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "crave (third-person singular simple present craves, present participle craving, simple past and past participle craved)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to crave for peace\nto crave after wealth\nto crave drugs",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To desire strongly, so as to satisfy an appetite; to long or yearn for."
],
"id": "en-crave-en-verb-KQKC-8cQ",
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
],
[
"long",
"long"
],
[
"yearn",
"yearn"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive) To desire strongly, so as to satisfy an appetite; to long or yearn for."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ištahā",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "اِشْتَهَى"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "aštaha",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic"
],
"word": "اشتهى"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "žaduvam",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "жадувам"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kopneja",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "копнея"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "mak",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "မက်"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "ansiar (valencià)"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "anhelar"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "delejar"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "asquosga",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "ᎠᏍᏉᏍᎦ"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "kěwàng",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "渴望"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "熱望"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "rèwàng",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "热望"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "crh",
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "tamşanmaq"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "žadonit"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dychtit"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "toužit po"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "verlangen"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "deziregi"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "haluta kovasti"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "himoita"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "souhaiter"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "désirer"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "arelar"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "degorar"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "devecer"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "sich sehnen"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "begehren"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hishtoqéq",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "הִשְׁתּוֹקֵק"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "vágyik"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "vágyódik"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "sóvárog"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "bramare"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "desiderare"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "setsubō suru",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "切望する"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "dēsīderō"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "avēo"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "alkt"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "kārot"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "geisti"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "trokšti"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "warawara"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "kaimomotu"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"note": "referring to food especially by pregnant women",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "kumama"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"note": "for food",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "kohekohe"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "matainaina"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "pīrangi"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "craven"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "havas kardan",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "هوس کردن"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "pożądać"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "pragnąć"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "ansiar"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "dori"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "jindui"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "žaždátʹ",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "жажда́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "žudjeti"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "anhelar"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "ansiar"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "amalayar"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "cuitarse"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "reventar"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "acezar"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "alamparse"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "sukta efter"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "can atmak"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 9 13",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "çok istemek"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I humbly crave your indulgence to read this letter until the end.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1596-97, William Shakespeare, The Merchant of Venice, act IV scene i:",
"text": "My deeds upon my head! I crave the law,\nThe penalty and forfeit of my bond.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1603-04, William Shakespeare, Measure for Measure, act II scene ii:",
"text": "I crave your honour's pardon.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Mark 15:43:",
"text": "Joseph […] went in boldly unto Pilate, and craved the body of Jesus.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To ask for earnestly; to beg; to claim."
],
"id": "en-crave-en-verb-SgPokPPl",
"links": [
[
"ask",
"ask"
],
[
"beg",
"beg"
],
[
"claim",
"claim"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To ask for earnestly; to beg; to claim."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 61 36",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "implorar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 36",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "implorer"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 36",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "pianchar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 36",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "croiñar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 36",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "deprecar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 36",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "pedichar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 36",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "erbitten"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 36",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "erflehen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 36",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kongan suru",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "懇願する"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 36",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "craven"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 36",
"code": "non",
"lang": "Old Norse",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "krefja"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 36",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "błagać"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 36",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "implora"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 36",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "implorar"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
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"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 10 33 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 7 31 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 11 29 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 7 29 58",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 11 30 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 11 30 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Iulius Cæsar”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i]:",
"text": "It is the bright day that brings forth the adder and that craves wary walking",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To call for; to require as a course of action."
],
"id": "en-crave-en-verb-h1XEDtPy",
"links": [
[
"call for",
"call for"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) To call for; to require as a course of action."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "krāv"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹeɪv/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪv"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-crave.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/27/En-us-crave.ogg/En-us-crave.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/En-us-crave.ogg"
}
],
"word": "crave"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "craven"
},
"expansion": "Middle English craven",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "crafian",
"t": "to crave, ask, implore, demand, summon"
},
"expansion": "Old English crafian (“to crave, ask, implore, demand, summon”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*krafōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *krafōn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*krafjaną",
"t": "to demand"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *krafjaną (“to demand”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "kræve",
"t": "to demand, require"
},
"expansion": "Danish kræve (“to demand, require”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kräva",
"t": "to crave, demand"
},
"expansion": "Swedish kräva (“to crave, demand”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "krefja",
"t": "to demand"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic krefja (“to demand”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "kreve",
"t": "to demand"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian kreve (“to demand”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English craven, from Old English crafian (“to crave, ask, implore, demand, summon”), from Proto-West Germanic *krafōn, from Proto-Germanic *krafjaną (“to demand”). Cognate with Danish kræve (“to demand, require”), Swedish kräva (“to crave, demand”), Icelandic krefja (“to demand”), Norwegian kreve (“to demand”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "craves",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "crave (plural craves)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Scots law",
"orig": "en:Scots law",
"parents": [
"Law",
"Scotland",
"Justice",
"United Kingdom",
"Society",
"British Isles",
"Europe",
"All topics",
"Islands",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Fundamental",
"Places",
"Nature",
"Names",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A formal application to a court to make a particular order."
],
"id": "en-crave-en-noun-vLasNwQw",
"qualifier": "Scots law",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scots law) A formal application to a court to make a particular order."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "krāv"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹeɪv/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪv"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-crave.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/27/En-us-crave.ogg/En-us-crave.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/En-us-crave.ogg"
}
],
"word": "crave"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Esperanto translations",
"Rhymes:English/eɪv",
"Rhymes:English/eɪv/1 syllable",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Burmese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Cherokee translations",
"Terms with Crimean Tatar translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Middle English translations",
"Terms with Old Norse translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "becrave"
},
{
"word": "craveable"
},
{
"word": "craver"
},
{
"word": "craving"
},
{
"word": "cravingly"
},
{
"word": "cravingness"
},
{
"word": "uncraving"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "craven"
},
"expansion": "Middle English craven",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "crafian",
"t": "to crave, ask, implore, demand, summon"
},
"expansion": "Old English crafian (“to crave, ask, implore, demand, summon”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*krafōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *krafōn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*krafjaną",
"t": "to demand"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *krafjaną (“to demand”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "kræve",
"t": "to demand, require"
},
"expansion": "Danish kræve (“to demand, require”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kräva",
"t": "to crave, demand"
},
"expansion": "Swedish kräva (“to crave, demand”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "krefja",
"t": "to demand"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic krefja (“to demand”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "kreve",
"t": "to demand"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian kreve (“to demand”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English craven, from Old English crafian (“to crave, ask, implore, demand, summon”), from Proto-West Germanic *krafōn, from Proto-Germanic *krafjaną (“to demand”). Cognate with Danish kræve (“to demand, require”), Swedish kräva (“to crave, demand”), Icelandic krefja (“to demand”), Norwegian kreve (“to demand”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "craves",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "craving",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "craved",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "craved",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "crave (third-person singular simple present craves, present participle craving, simple past and past participle craved)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to crave for peace\nto crave after wealth\nto crave drugs",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To desire strongly, so as to satisfy an appetite; to long or yearn for."
],
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
],
[
"long",
"long"
],
[
"yearn",
"yearn"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive) To desire strongly, so as to satisfy an appetite; to long or yearn for."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I humbly crave your indulgence to read this letter until the end.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1596-97, William Shakespeare, The Merchant of Venice, act IV scene i:",
"text": "My deeds upon my head! I crave the law,\nThe penalty and forfeit of my bond.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1603-04, William Shakespeare, Measure for Measure, act II scene ii:",
"text": "I crave your honour's pardon.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Mark 15:43:",
"text": "Joseph […] went in boldly unto Pilate, and craved the body of Jesus.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To ask for earnestly; to beg; to claim."
],
"links": [
[
"ask",
"ask"
],
[
"beg",
"beg"
],
[
"claim",
"claim"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To ask for earnestly; to beg; to claim."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Iulius Cæsar”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i]:",
"text": "It is the bright day that brings forth the adder and that craves wary walking",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To call for; to require as a course of action."
],
"links": [
[
"call for",
"call for"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) To call for; to require as a course of action."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "krāv"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹeɪv/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪv"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-crave.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/27/En-us-crave.ogg/En-us-crave.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/En-us-crave.ogg"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ištahā",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "اِشْتَهَى"
},
{
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "aštaha",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic"
],
"word": "اشتهى"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "žaduvam",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "жадувам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kopneja",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "копнея"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "mak",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "မက်"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "ansiar (valencià)"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "anhelar"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "delejar"
},
{
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "asquosga",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "ᎠᏍᏉᏍᎦ"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "kěwàng",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "渴望"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "熱望"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "rèwàng",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "热望"
},
{
"code": "crh",
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "tamşanmaq"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "žadonit"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dychtit"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "toužit po"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "verlangen"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "deziregi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "haluta kovasti"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "himoita"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "souhaiter"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "désirer"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "arelar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "degorar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "devecer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "sich sehnen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "begehren"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hishtoqéq",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "הִשְׁתּוֹקֵק"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "vágyik"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "vágyódik"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "sóvárog"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "bramare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "desiderare"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "setsubō suru",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "切望する"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "dēsīderō"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "avēo"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "alkt"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "kārot"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "geisti"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "trokšti"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "warawara"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "kaimomotu"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"note": "referring to food especially by pregnant women",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "kumama"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"note": "for food",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "kohekohe"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "matainaina"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "matainaina"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "pīrangi"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "craven"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "havas kardan",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "هوس کردن"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "pożądać"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "pragnąć"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "ansiar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "dori"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "jindui"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "žaždátʹ",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "жажда́ть"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "žudjeti"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "anhelar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "ansiar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "amalayar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "cuitarse"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "reventar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "acezar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "alamparse"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "sukta efter"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "can atmak"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "çok istemek"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "implorar"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "implorer"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "pianchar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "croiñar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "deprecar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "pedichar"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "erbitten"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "erflehen"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kongan suru",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "懇願する"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "craven"
},
{
"code": "non",
"lang": "Old Norse",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "krefja"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "błagać"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "implora"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "implorar"
}
],
"word": "crave"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Esperanto translations",
"Rhymes:English/eɪv",
"Rhymes:English/eɪv/1 syllable",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Burmese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Cherokee translations",
"Terms with Crimean Tatar translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Middle English translations",
"Terms with Old Norse translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "craven"
},
"expansion": "Middle English craven",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "crafian",
"t": "to crave, ask, implore, demand, summon"
},
"expansion": "Old English crafian (“to crave, ask, implore, demand, summon”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*krafōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *krafōn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*krafjaną",
"t": "to demand"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *krafjaną (“to demand”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "kræve",
"t": "to demand, require"
},
"expansion": "Danish kræve (“to demand, require”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kräva",
"t": "to crave, demand"
},
"expansion": "Swedish kräva (“to crave, demand”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "krefja",
"t": "to demand"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic krefja (“to demand”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "kreve",
"t": "to demand"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian kreve (“to demand”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English craven, from Old English crafian (“to crave, ask, implore, demand, summon”), from Proto-West Germanic *krafōn, from Proto-Germanic *krafjaną (“to demand”). Cognate with Danish kræve (“to demand, require”), Swedish kräva (“to crave, demand”), Icelandic krefja (“to demand”), Norwegian kreve (“to demand”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "craves",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "crave (plural craves)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Scots law"
],
"glosses": [
"A formal application to a court to make a particular order."
],
"qualifier": "Scots law",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scots law) A formal application to a court to make a particular order."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "krāv"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹeɪv/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪv"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-crave.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/27/En-us-crave.ogg/En-us-crave.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/En-us-crave.ogg"
}
],
"word": "crave"
}
Download raw JSONL data for crave meaning in English (17.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.