See crave on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for crave meaning in All languages combined (18.3kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "craving"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "cravingly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "cravingness"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "craven"
},
"expansion": "Middle English craven",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "crafian",
"t": "to crave, ask, implore, demand, summon"
},
"expansion": "Old English crafian (“to crave, ask, implore, demand, summon”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*krafōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *krafōn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*krafjaną",
"t": "to demand"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *krafjaną (“to demand”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "kræve",
"t": "to demand, require"
},
"expansion": "Danish kræve (“to demand, require”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kräva",
"t": "to crave, demand"
},
"expansion": "Swedish kräva (“to crave, demand”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "krefja",
"t": "to demand"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic krefja (“to demand”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "kreve",
"t": "to demand"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian kreve (“to demand”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English craven, from Old English crafian (“to crave, ask, implore, demand, summon”), from Proto-West Germanic *krafōn, from Proto-Germanic *krafjaną (“to demand”). Cognate with Danish kræve (“to demand, require”), Swedish kräva (“to crave, demand”), Icelandic krefja (“to demand”), Norwegian kreve (“to demand”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "craves",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "craving",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "craved",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "craved",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "crave (third-person singular simple present craves, present participle craving, simple past and past participle craved)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to crave for peace\nto crave after wealth\nto crave drugs",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To desire strongly, so as to satisfy an appetite; to long or yearn for."
],
"id": "en-crave-en-verb-KQKC-8cQ",
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
],
[
"long",
"long"
],
[
"yearn",
"yearn"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive) To desire strongly, so as to satisfy an appetite; to long or yearn for."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ištahā",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "اِشْتَهَى"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "aštaha",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic"
],
"word": "اشتهى"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "žaduvam",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "жадувам"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kopneja",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "копнея"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "mak",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "မက်"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "ansiar (valencià)"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "anhelar"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "delejar"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "asquosga",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "ᎠᏍᏉᏍᎦ"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "kěwàng",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "渴望"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "熱望"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "rèwàng",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "热望"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "crh",
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "tamşanmaq"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "žadonit"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dychtit"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "toužit po"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "verlangen"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "deziregi"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "haluta kovasti"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "himoita"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "souhaiter"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "désirer"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "arelar"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "degorar"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "devecer"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "sich sehnen"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "begehren"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hishtoqéq",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "הִשְׁתּוֹקֵק"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "vágyik"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "vágyódik"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "sóvárog"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "bramare"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "desiderare"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "setsubō suru",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "切望する"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "dēsīderō"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "avēo"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "alkt"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "kārot"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "geisti"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "trokšti"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "warawara"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "kaimomotu"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"note": "referring to food especially by pregnant women",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "kumama"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"note": "for food",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "kohekohe"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "matainaina"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "pīrangi"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "craven"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "havas kardan",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "هوس کردن"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "pożądać"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "pragnąć"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "ansiar"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "dori"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "jindui"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "žaždátʹ",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "жажда́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "žudjeti"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "anhelar"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "ansiar"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "sukta efter"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "can atmak"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 10 15",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "çok istemek"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I humbly crave your indulgence to read this letter until the end.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1596-97, William Shakespeare, The Merchant of Venice, act IV scene i",
"text": "My deeds upon my head! I crave the law,\nThe penalty and forfeit of my bond.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1603-04, William Shakespeare, Measure for Measure, act II scene ii",
"text": "I crave your honour's pardon.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To ask for earnestly; to beg; to claim."
],
"id": "en-crave-en-verb-SgPokPPl",
"links": [
[
"ask",
"ask"
],
[
"beg",
"beg"
],
[
"claim",
"claim"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To ask for earnestly; to beg; to claim."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 74 22",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "implorar"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 74 22",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "implorer"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 74 22",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "pianchar"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 74 22",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "croiñar"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 74 22",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "deprecar"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 74 22",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "pedichar"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 74 22",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "erbitten"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 74 22",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "erflehen"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 74 22",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kongan suru",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "懇願する"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 74 22",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "craven"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 74 22",
"code": "non",
"lang": "Old Norse",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "krefja"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 74 22",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "błagać"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 74 22",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "implora"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 74 22",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "implorar"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 3 31 58",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To call for; to require as a course of action."
],
"id": "en-crave-en-verb-h1XEDtPy",
"links": [
[
"call for",
"call for"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) To call for; to require as a course of action."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɹeɪv/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪv"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-crave.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/27/En-us-crave.ogg/En-us-crave.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/En-us-crave.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "krāv"
}
],
"word": "crave"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "craven"
},
"expansion": "Middle English craven",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "crafian",
"t": "to crave, ask, implore, demand, summon"
},
"expansion": "Old English crafian (“to crave, ask, implore, demand, summon”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*krafōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *krafōn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*krafjaną",
"t": "to demand"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *krafjaną (“to demand”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "kræve",
"t": "to demand, require"
},
"expansion": "Danish kræve (“to demand, require”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kräva",
"t": "to crave, demand"
},
"expansion": "Swedish kräva (“to crave, demand”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "krefja",
"t": "to demand"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic krefja (“to demand”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "kreve",
"t": "to demand"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian kreve (“to demand”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English craven, from Old English crafian (“to crave, ask, implore, demand, summon”), from Proto-West Germanic *krafōn, from Proto-Germanic *krafjaną (“to demand”). Cognate with Danish kræve (“to demand, require”), Swedish kräva (“to crave, demand”), Icelandic krefja (“to demand”), Norwegian kreve (“to demand”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "craves",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "crave (plural craves)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Scots law",
"orig": "en:Scots law",
"parents": [
"Law",
"Scotland",
"Justice",
"United Kingdom",
"Society",
"British Isles",
"Europe",
"All topics",
"Islands",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Fundamental",
"Places",
"Nature",
"Names",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A formal application to a court to make a particular order."
],
"id": "en-crave-en-noun-vLasNwQw",
"qualifier": "Scots law",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scots law) A formal application to a court to make a particular order."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɹeɪv/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪv"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-crave.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/27/En-us-crave.ogg/En-us-crave.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/En-us-crave.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "krāv"
}
],
"word": "crave"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "crave",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "craven"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of craven"
],
"id": "en-crave-enm-verb-7iQ~eYch",
"links": [
[
"craven",
"craven#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "crave"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "crave",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cra‧ve"
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "65 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "cravar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of cravar:\n## first/third-person singular present subjunctive\n## third-person singular imperative",
"first/third-person singular present subjunctive"
],
"id": "en-crave-pt-verb-bSLdp~eK",
"links": [
[
"cravar",
"cravar#Portuguese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of cravar:\n"
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "cravar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of cravar:\n## first/third-person singular present subjunctive\n## third-person singular imperative",
"third-person singular imperative"
],
"id": "en-crave-pt-verb-YWVjUscz",
"links": [
[
"cravar",
"cravar#Portuguese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of cravar:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɾa.vi/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɾa.vi/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɾa.ve/",
"tags": [
"Southern-Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɾa.vɨ/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɾa.vɨ/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɾa.bɨ/",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkɾa.βɨ]",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-avi"
},
{
"rhymes": "-avɨ"
}
],
"word": "crave"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "enm",
"3": "craven"
},
"expansion": "Middle English craven",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "ang",
"3": "crafian"
},
"expansion": "Old English crafian",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*krafōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *krafōn",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English craven, from Old English crafian, from Proto-West Germanic *krafōn.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "crave",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Yola entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "beg leave at this favourable opportunity to approach your Excellency,",
"ref": "1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, lines 4-5",
"text": "crave na dicke luckie acte t'uck neicher th' Eccellencie,",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to beg"
],
"id": "en-crave-yol-verb-XQ31nnU1",
"links": [
[
"beg",
"beg"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɾɔːv/"
}
],
"word": "crave"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/eɪv",
"Rhymes:English/eɪv/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "craving"
},
{
"word": "cravingly"
},
{
"word": "cravingness"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "craven"
},
"expansion": "Middle English craven",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "crafian",
"t": "to crave, ask, implore, demand, summon"
},
"expansion": "Old English crafian (“to crave, ask, implore, demand, summon”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*krafōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *krafōn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*krafjaną",
"t": "to demand"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *krafjaną (“to demand”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "kræve",
"t": "to demand, require"
},
"expansion": "Danish kræve (“to demand, require”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kräva",
"t": "to crave, demand"
},
"expansion": "Swedish kräva (“to crave, demand”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "krefja",
"t": "to demand"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic krefja (“to demand”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "kreve",
"t": "to demand"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian kreve (“to demand”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English craven, from Old English crafian (“to crave, ask, implore, demand, summon”), from Proto-West Germanic *krafōn, from Proto-Germanic *krafjaną (“to demand”). Cognate with Danish kræve (“to demand, require”), Swedish kräva (“to crave, demand”), Icelandic krefja (“to demand”), Norwegian kreve (“to demand”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "craves",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "craving",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "craved",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "craved",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "crave (third-person singular simple present craves, present participle craving, simple past and past participle craved)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to crave for peace\nto crave after wealth\nto crave drugs",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To desire strongly, so as to satisfy an appetite; to long or yearn for."
],
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
],
[
"long",
"long"
],
[
"yearn",
"yearn"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive) To desire strongly, so as to satisfy an appetite; to long or yearn for."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I humbly crave your indulgence to read this letter until the end.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1596-97, William Shakespeare, The Merchant of Venice, act IV scene i",
"text": "My deeds upon my head! I crave the law,\nThe penalty and forfeit of my bond.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1603-04, William Shakespeare, Measure for Measure, act II scene ii",
"text": "I crave your honour's pardon.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To ask for earnestly; to beg; to claim."
],
"links": [
[
"ask",
"ask"
],
[
"beg",
"beg"
],
[
"claim",
"claim"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To ask for earnestly; to beg; to claim."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To call for; to require as a course of action."
],
"links": [
[
"call for",
"call for"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) To call for; to require as a course of action."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɹeɪv/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪv"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-crave.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/27/En-us-crave.ogg/En-us-crave.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/En-us-crave.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "krāv"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ištahā",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "اِشْتَهَى"
},
{
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "aštaha",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic"
],
"word": "اشتهى"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "žaduvam",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "жадувам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kopneja",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "копнея"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "mak",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "မက်"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "ansiar (valencià)"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "anhelar"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "delejar"
},
{
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "asquosga",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "ᎠᏍᏉᏍᎦ"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "kěwàng",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "渴望"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "熱望"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "rèwàng",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "热望"
},
{
"code": "crh",
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "tamşanmaq"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "žadonit"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dychtit"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "toužit po"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "verlangen"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "deziregi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "haluta kovasti"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "himoita"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "souhaiter"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "désirer"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "arelar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "degorar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "devecer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "sich sehnen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "begehren"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hishtoqéq",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "הִשְׁתּוֹקֵק"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "vágyik"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "vágyódik"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "sóvárog"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "bramare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "desiderare"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "setsubō suru",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "切望する"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "dēsīderō"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "avēo"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "alkt"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "kārot"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "geisti"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "trokšti"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "warawara"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "kaimomotu"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"note": "referring to food especially by pregnant women",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "kumama"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"note": "for food",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "kohekohe"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "matainaina"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "matainaina"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "pīrangi"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "craven"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "havas kardan",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "هوس کردن"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "pożądać"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "pragnąć"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "ansiar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "dori"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "jindui"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "žaždátʹ",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "жажда́ть"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "žudjeti"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "anhelar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "ansiar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "sukta efter"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "can atmak"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to want strongly",
"word": "çok istemek"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "implorar"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "implorer"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "pianchar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "croiñar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "deprecar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "pedichar"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "erbitten"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "erflehen"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kongan suru",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "懇願する"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "craven"
},
{
"code": "non",
"lang": "Old Norse",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "krefja"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "błagać"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "implora"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to ask earnestly",
"word": "implorar"
}
],
"word": "crave"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/eɪv",
"Rhymes:English/eɪv/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "craven"
},
"expansion": "Middle English craven",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "crafian",
"t": "to crave, ask, implore, demand, summon"
},
"expansion": "Old English crafian (“to crave, ask, implore, demand, summon”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*krafōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *krafōn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*krafjaną",
"t": "to demand"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *krafjaną (“to demand”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "kræve",
"t": "to demand, require"
},
"expansion": "Danish kræve (“to demand, require”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kräva",
"t": "to crave, demand"
},
"expansion": "Swedish kräva (“to crave, demand”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "krefja",
"t": "to demand"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic krefja (“to demand”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "kreve",
"t": "to demand"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian kreve (“to demand”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English craven, from Old English crafian (“to crave, ask, implore, demand, summon”), from Proto-West Germanic *krafōn, from Proto-Germanic *krafjaną (“to demand”). Cognate with Danish kræve (“to demand, require”), Swedish kräva (“to crave, demand”), Icelandic krefja (“to demand”), Norwegian kreve (“to demand”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "craves",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "crave (plural craves)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Scots law"
],
"glosses": [
"A formal application to a court to make a particular order."
],
"qualifier": "Scots law",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scots law) A formal application to a court to make a particular order."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɹeɪv/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪv"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-crave.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/27/En-us-crave.ogg/En-us-crave.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/En-us-crave.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "krāv"
}
],
"word": "crave"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "crave",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "craven"
}
],
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of craven"
],
"links": [
[
"craven",
"craven#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "crave"
}
{
"categories": [
"Portuguese 2-syllable words",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese non-lemma forms",
"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Portuguese verb forms",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/avi",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/avɨ"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "crave",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cra‧ve"
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "cravar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of cravar:\n## first/third-person singular present subjunctive\n## third-person singular imperative",
"first/third-person singular present subjunctive"
],
"links": [
[
"cravar",
"cravar#Portuguese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of cravar:\n"
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "cravar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of cravar:\n## first/third-person singular present subjunctive\n## third-person singular imperative",
"third-person singular imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"cravar",
"cravar#Portuguese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of cravar:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɾa.vi/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɾa.vi/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɾa.ve/",
"tags": [
"Southern-Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɾa.vɨ/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɾa.vɨ/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɾa.bɨ/",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkɾa.βɨ]",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-avi"
},
{
"rhymes": "-avɨ"
}
],
"word": "crave"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "enm",
"3": "craven"
},
"expansion": "Middle English craven",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "ang",
"3": "crafian"
},
"expansion": "Old English crafian",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*krafōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *krafōn",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English craven, from Old English crafian, from Proto-West Germanic *krafōn.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "crave",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Yola entries with incorrect language header",
"Yola lemmas",
"Yola terms derived from Middle English",
"Yola terms derived from Old English",
"Yola terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Yola terms inherited from Middle English",
"Yola terms inherited from Old English",
"Yola terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Yola terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Yola terms with quotations",
"Yola verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "beg leave at this favourable opportunity to approach your Excellency,",
"ref": "1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, lines 4-5",
"text": "crave na dicke luckie acte t'uck neicher th' Eccellencie,",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to beg"
],
"links": [
[
"beg",
"beg"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɾɔːv/"
}
],
"word": "crave"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.