See cole in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "coleseed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "coleslaw"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pig's cole"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sea cole"
}
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "",
"name": "wp"
},
{
"args": {
"intro": "Wikispecies has information on",
"link": "Brassica",
"logo": "Wikispecies-logo.svg",
"sisterclass": "wikispecies"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "interproject-box"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Brassica"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "wikispecies"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cabbage"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cole"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cole",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "cawel"
},
"expansion": "Old English cawel",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "caulis",
"4": "",
"5": "cabbage"
},
"expansion": "Latin caulis (“cabbage”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kool"
},
"expansion": "Dutch kool",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kohl"
},
"expansion": "German Kohl",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "kål"
},
"expansion": "Danish kål",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "kål"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål kål",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "kål"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk kål",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kål"
},
"expansion": "Swedish kål",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "caulis",
"3": "gobi",
"4": "kale"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of caulis, gobi, and kale",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English cole, col, from Old English cawel, an early Germanic borrowing from Latin caulis (“cabbage”). Cognate with Dutch kool, German Kohl, Danish kål, Norwegian Bokmål kål, Norwegian Nynorsk kål, Swedish kål. Doublet of caulis, gobi, and kale.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "coles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "s"
},
"expansion": "cole (usually uncountable, plural coles)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "borecole"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "cauliflower"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "colewort"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Cabbage."
],
"id": "en-cole-en-noun-SxmaTF1m",
"links": [
[
"Cabbage",
"cabbage"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 50 33 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 97",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 1 15 8 4 1 1 1 1 1 22 4 8 2 1 22 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 11 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 15 7 4 0 0 0 0 0 25 2 9 1 0 25 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 90",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 94",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 94",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 96",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 95",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 94",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 96",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 96",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 95",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 94",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 96",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 97",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 80 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Brassicas",
"orig": "en:Brassicas",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Brassica; a plant of the Brassica genus, especially those of Brassica oleracea (rape and coleseed)."
],
"id": "en-cole-en-noun-17bdk59Q",
"links": [
[
"Brassica",
"brassica"
],
[
"Brassica",
"Brassica#Translingual"
],
[
"Brassica oleracea",
"Brassica oleracea#Translingual"
],
[
"rape",
"rape"
],
[
"coleseed",
"coleseed"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "brassica",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "col"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "brassica",
"word": "kaali"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "brassica",
"word": "choux"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "krámvi",
"sense": "brassica",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κράμβη"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"roman": "gongulís",
"sense": "brassica",
"word": "γογγυλίς"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "brassica",
"word": "káposzta"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "brassica",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ravizzone"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "brassica",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ērūca"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "brassica",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "brassicácea"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "brassica",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "couve"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "brassica",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "varză"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "kapústa",
"sense": "brassica",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "капу́ста"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "brassica",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "col"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kəʊl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔʊl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɒl/",
"note": "doll–dole merger"
},
{
"ipa": "/koʊl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"homophone": "coal"
},
{
"homophone": "kohl"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊl"
}
],
"word": "cole"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hay"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "coles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cole (plural coles)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
95,
100
]
],
"ref": "1932, Lewis Grassic Gibbon, Sunset Song (A Scots Quair), Polygon, published 2006, page 39:",
"text": "Father saw the happening from high in a park where the hay was cut and they set the swathes in coles, and he swore out Damn't to hell! and started to run […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A stack or stook of hay."
],
"id": "en-cole-en-noun-en:hay",
"links": [
[
"stack",
"stack"
],
[
"stook",
"stook"
],
[
"hay",
"hay"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scotland) A stack or stook of hay."
],
"senseid": [
"en:hay"
],
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kəʊl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔʊl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɒl/",
"note": "doll–dole merger"
},
{
"ipa": "/koʊl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"homophone": "coal"
},
{
"homophone": "kohl"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊl"
}
],
"word": "cole"
}
{
"etymology_number": "3",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "coal"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "coles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "cole (countable and uncountable, plural coles)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "coal"
}
],
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Obsolete form of coal."
],
"id": "en-cole-en-noun-orhU6ohJ",
"links": [
[
"coal",
"coal#English"
]
],
"related": [
{
"english": "etymologically unrelated",
"translation": "etymologically unrelated",
"word": "cole-prophet"
}
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kəʊl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔʊl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɒl/",
"note": "doll–dole merger"
},
{
"ipa": "/koʊl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"homophone": "coal"
},
{
"homophone": "kohl"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊl"
}
],
"word": "cole"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/əʊl",
"Rhymes:English/əʊl/1 syllable",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"en:Brassicas"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "coleseed"
},
{
"word": "coleslaw"
},
{
"word": "pig's cole"
},
{
"word": "sea cole"
}
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "",
"name": "wp"
},
{
"args": {
"intro": "Wikispecies has information on",
"link": "Brassica",
"logo": "Wikispecies-logo.svg",
"sisterclass": "wikispecies"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "interproject-box"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Brassica"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "wikispecies"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cabbage"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cole"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cole",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "cawel"
},
"expansion": "Old English cawel",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "caulis",
"4": "",
"5": "cabbage"
},
"expansion": "Latin caulis (“cabbage”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kool"
},
"expansion": "Dutch kool",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kohl"
},
"expansion": "German Kohl",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "kål"
},
"expansion": "Danish kål",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "kål"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål kål",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "kål"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk kål",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kål"
},
"expansion": "Swedish kål",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "caulis",
"3": "gobi",
"4": "kale"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of caulis, gobi, and kale",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English cole, col, from Old English cawel, an early Germanic borrowing from Latin caulis (“cabbage”). Cognate with Dutch kool, German Kohl, Danish kål, Norwegian Bokmål kål, Norwegian Nynorsk kål, Swedish kål. Doublet of caulis, gobi, and kale.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "coles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "s"
},
"expansion": "cole (usually uncountable, plural coles)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "borecole"
},
{
"word": "cauliflower"
},
{
"word": "colewort"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Cabbage."
],
"links": [
[
"Cabbage",
"cabbage"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Brassica; a plant of the Brassica genus, especially those of Brassica oleracea (rape and coleseed)."
],
"links": [
[
"Brassica",
"brassica"
],
[
"Brassica",
"Brassica#Translingual"
],
[
"Brassica oleracea",
"Brassica oleracea#Translingual"
],
[
"rape",
"rape"
],
[
"coleseed",
"coleseed"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kəʊl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔʊl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɒl/",
"note": "doll–dole merger"
},
{
"ipa": "/koʊl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"homophone": "coal"
},
{
"homophone": "kohl"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊl"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "brassica",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "col"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "brassica",
"word": "kaali"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "brassica",
"word": "choux"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "krámvi",
"sense": "brassica",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κράμβη"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"roman": "gongulís",
"sense": "brassica",
"word": "γογγυλίς"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "brassica",
"word": "káposzta"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "brassica",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ravizzone"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "brassica",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ērūca"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "brassica",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "brassicácea"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "brassica",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "couve"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "brassica",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "varză"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "kapústa",
"sense": "brassica",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "капу́ста"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "brassica",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "col"
}
],
"word": "cole"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/əʊl",
"Rhymes:English/əʊl/1 syllable",
"en:Brassicas"
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hay"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "coles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cole (plural coles)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Scottish English"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
95,
100
]
],
"ref": "1932, Lewis Grassic Gibbon, Sunset Song (A Scots Quair), Polygon, published 2006, page 39:",
"text": "Father saw the happening from high in a park where the hay was cut and they set the swathes in coles, and he swore out Damn't to hell! and started to run […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A stack or stook of hay."
],
"links": [
[
"stack",
"stack"
],
[
"stook",
"stook"
],
[
"hay",
"hay"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scotland) A stack or stook of hay."
],
"senseid": [
"en:hay"
],
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kəʊl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔʊl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɒl/",
"note": "doll–dole merger"
},
{
"ipa": "/koʊl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"homophone": "coal"
},
{
"homophone": "kohl"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊl"
}
],
"word": "cole"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/əʊl",
"Rhymes:English/əʊl/1 syllable",
"en:Brassicas"
],
"etymology_number": "3",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "coal"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "coles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "cole (countable and uncountable, plural coles)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "etymologically unrelated",
"translation": "etymologically unrelated",
"word": "cole-prophet"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "coal"
}
],
"categories": [
"English obsolete forms"
],
"glosses": [
"Obsolete form of coal."
],
"links": [
[
"coal",
"coal#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kəʊl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔʊl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɒl/",
"note": "doll–dole merger"
},
{
"ipa": "/koʊl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"homophone": "coal"
},
{
"homophone": "kohl"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊl"
}
],
"word": "cole"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cole meaning in English (8.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.