See clitic in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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"2": "grc",
"3": "κλιτικός",
"4": "",
"5": "inflexional"
},
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"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek κλιτικός (klitikós, “inflexional”).",
"forms": [
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"form": "clitics",
"tags": [
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}
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],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "affix"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "autoclitic"
},
{
"word": "clitichood"
},
{
"word": "cliticization"
},
{
"word": "cliticize"
},
{
"word": "heteroclitic"
},
{
"word": "oikoclitic"
},
{
"word": "postclitic"
},
{
"word": "proclitic"
},
{
"word": "xenoclitic"
}
],
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{
"ref": "1997, Raffaella Zanuttini, Negation and Clausal Structure, Oxford Studies in Comparative Syntax, page 29",
"text": "In fact, even within the northern Italian dialects, subject clitics do not constitute a syntactically uniform class, as has been convincingly argued in Poletto's work."
},
{
"ref": "2006, Olga Mišeska Tomić, Balkan Sprachbund Morpho-Syntactic Features, page 242:",
"text": "In Macedonian, clitic-doubling is a fully-fledged phenomenon. The Macedonian Dat and Acc pronominal clitics, which originate in agreement phrases and move to preverbal position,¹⁰ where they cluster with other clausal clitics, are on their way to becoming mere case markers, which formally distinguish direct and indirect objects from subjects.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2009, Philippe Prévost, The Acquisition of French, Language Acquisition and Language Disorders: 51, page 196",
"text": "Here, we will see that they also have problems with overt pronouns, especially object clitics, whose emergence is more delayed than in typically developing children."
}
],
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],
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{
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"sciences"
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"sciences"
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],
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{
"word": "endoclisis"
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{
"word": "mesoclisis"
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{
"word": "proclisis"
}
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{
"code": "be",
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"roman": "klítyka",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
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],
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},
{
"code": "br",
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"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
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},
{
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"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
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},
{
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"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
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},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"word": "附著詞素"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fùzhuó císù",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"word": "附着词素"
},
{
"code": "cs",
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"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
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},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "klitikon"
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{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "cliticum"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"word": "kliitik"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"word": "liidik"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"word": "liidepartikkel"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"word": "liitepartikkeli"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clitique"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ḳliṭiḳa",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"word": "კლიტიკა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Klitikon"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "egklitikó",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "εγκλιτικό"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "nitmákh",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "נתמך"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"word": "simulószó"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"word": "klitikum"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"word": "függőszó"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sníkill"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"word": "klitik"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clitico"
},
{
"alt": "せつご",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "setsugo",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"word": "接語"
},
{
"alt": "接語",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jeobeo",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"word": "접어"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "klitika",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "клитика"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "klitikon"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "klitikon"
},
{
"code": "fa-ira",
"lang": "Iranian Persian",
"roman": "vâže-bast",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"word": "واژِهبَسْت"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "klityka"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clítico"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "clitic"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "klítika",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кли́тика"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "клѝтика"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "klìtika"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "príklonka"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "breznaglasnica"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "naslonka"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "klitika"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clítico"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "klitikon"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"word": "ingklitik"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "klítyka",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "клі́тика"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gogwyddair"
}
]
}
],
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{
"rhymes": "-ɪtɪk"
}
],
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{
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{
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{
"word": "cliticize"
},
{
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},
{
"word": "oikoclitic"
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{
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"name": "der"
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"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
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"Terms with French translations",
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"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
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"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
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{
"ref": "1997, Raffaella Zanuttini, Negation and Clausal Structure, Oxford Studies in Comparative Syntax, page 29",
"text": "In fact, even within the northern Italian dialects, subject clitics do not constitute a syntactically uniform class, as has been convincingly argued in Poletto's work."
},
{
"ref": "2006, Olga Mišeska Tomić, Balkan Sprachbund Morpho-Syntactic Features, page 242:",
"text": "In Macedonian, clitic-doubling is a fully-fledged phenomenon. The Macedonian Dat and Acc pronominal clitics, which originate in agreement phrases and move to preverbal position,¹⁰ where they cluster with other clausal clitics, are on their way to becoming mere case markers, which formally distinguish direct and indirect objects from subjects.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2009, Philippe Prévost, The Acquisition of French, Language Acquisition and Language Disorders: 51, page 196",
"text": "Here, we will see that they also have problems with overt pronouns, especially object clitics, whose emergence is more delayed than in typically developing children."
}
],
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],
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[
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],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
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},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪtɪk"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "klítyka",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "клі́тыка"
},
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "stagadenn"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "klítika",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кли́тика"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clític"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"word": "附著詞素"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fùzhuó císù",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"word": "附着词素"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "příklonka"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "klitikon"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "cliticum"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"word": "kliitik"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"word": "liidik"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"word": "liidepartikkel"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"word": "liitepartikkeli"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clitique"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ḳliṭiḳa",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"word": "კლიტიკა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Klitikon"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "egklitikó",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "εγκλιτικό"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "nitmákh",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "נתמך"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"word": "simulószó"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"word": "klitikum"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"word": "függőszó"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sníkill"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"word": "klitik"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clitico"
},
{
"alt": "せつご",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "setsugo",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"word": "接語"
},
{
"alt": "接語",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jeobeo",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"word": "접어"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "klitika",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "клитика"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "klitikon"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "klitikon"
},
{
"code": "fa-ira",
"lang": "Iranian Persian",
"roman": "vâže-bast",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"word": "واژِهبَسْت"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "klityka"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clítico"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "clitic"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "klítika",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кли́тика"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "клѝтика"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "klìtika"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "príklonka"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "breznaglasnica"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "naslonka"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "klitika"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clítico"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "klitikon"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"word": "ingklitik"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "klítyka",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "клі́тика"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "morpheme attached to another word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gogwyddair"
}
],
"word": "clitic"
}
Download raw JSONL data for clitic meaning in English (10.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.