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Download JSON data for caltrop meaning in English (17.7kB)
{ "coordinate_terms": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "topics": [ "weaponry", "military", "tools", "engineering", "physical-sciences", "natural-sciences", "war", "government", "politics" ], "word": "spike strip" } ], "derived": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "english": "Zygophyllaceae", "word": "caltrop family" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "water caltrop" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "calcatrippe", "t": "plant that trips" }, "expansion": "Old English calcatrippe (“plant that trips”)", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ML.", "3": "calcatrippa", "t": "thistle" }, "expansion": "Medieval Latin calcatrippa (“thistle”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "calx" }, "expansion": "Latin calx", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "la", "2": "calcare" }, "expansion": "calcare", "name": "m" }, { "args": { "1": "la", "2": "trappa" }, "expansion": "trappa", "name": "m" } ], "etymology_text": "From Old English calcatrippe (“plant that trips”), from Medieval Latin calcatrippa (“thistle”), from Latin calx or calcare + trappa.", "forms": [ { "form": "caltrops", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "caltrop (plural caltrops)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "Heraldic charges", "orig": "en:Heraldic charges", "parents": [ "Heraldry", "History", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "Weapons", "orig": "en:Weapons", "parents": [ "Hunting", "Military", "Tools", "Human activity", "Society", "Technology", "Human behaviour", "All topics", "Human", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w" } ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1858, The journal of the British Archaeological Association", "text": "[…] her father, the emperor Alexius, who reigned AD 1081-1118, ordered caltrops to be cast in front of his archers […]", "type": "quotation" }, { "ref": "1954, Joseph Needham, Ling Wang, Science and civilisation in China", "text": "By Sung times, several different types of caltrops had been developed. As in earlier times, both caltrops could be made from both wood and iron...", "type": "quotation" }, { "ref": "2000, Alan Vick, Aerospace operations in urban environments: exploring new concepts", "text": "Caltrops, tetrahedrons, and similar devices are designed to puncture vehicle tires or limit foot traffic. The standard design has four points.", "type": "quotation" } ], "glosses": [ "A small, metal object with spikes arranged so that, when thrown onto the ground, one always faces up as a threat to pedestrians, horses, and vehicles (also used as a heraldic charge)." ], "id": "en-caltrop-en-noun-en:weaponry", "links": [ [ "weaponry", "weaponry" ], [ "spike", "spike" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(weaponry) A small, metal object with spikes arranged so that, when thrown onto the ground, one always faces up as a threat to pedestrians, horses, and vehicles (also used as a heraldic charge)." ], "senseid": [ "en:weaponry" ], "topics": [ "engineering", "government", "military", "natural-sciences", "physical-sciences", "politics", "tools", "war", "weaponry" ], "translations": [ { "_dis1": "79 12 10", "code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "kalʹčatka", "sense": "weaponry", "word": "кальчатка" }, { "_dis1": "79 12 10", "code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "čyčak", "sense": "weaponry", "word": "чычак" }, { "_dis1": "79 12 10", "code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "dracjany vóžyk", "sense": "weaponry", "word": "драцяны вожык" }, { "_dis1": "79 12 10", "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "obriülls" }, { "_dis1": "79 12 10", "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "jílí", "sense": "weaponry", "word": "蒺藜" }, { "_dis1": "79 12 10", "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "voetangel" }, { "_dis1": "79 12 10", "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "kraaienpoot" }, { "_dis1": "79 12 10", "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "weaponry", "word": "jalkapiikki" }, { "_dis1": "79 12 10", "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "weaponry", "word": "kavioansa" }, { "_dis1": "79 12 10", "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "weaponry", "word": "chausse-trape" }, { "_dis1": "79 12 10", "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "weaponry", "word": "pied de corbeau" }, { "_dis1": "79 12 10", "code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "abrollo" }, { "_dis1": "79 12 10", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "Krähenfuß" }, { "_dis1": "79 12 10", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "Fußangel" }, { "_dis1": "79 12 10", "code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "tríbolos", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "τρίβολος" }, { "_dis1": "79 12 10", "code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "weaponry", "word": "vassulyom" }, { "_dis1": "79 12 10", "code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "weaponry", "word": "lábtövis" }, { "_dis1": "79 12 10", "code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "grán catha" }, { "_dis1": "79 12 10", "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "tribolo" }, { "_dis1": "79 12 10", "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "piede di corvo" }, { "_dis1": "79 12 10", "alt": "てつびし", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "tetsubishi", "sense": "weaponry", "word": "鉄菱" }, { "_dis1": "79 12 10", "code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "mareumsoe", "sense": "weaponry", "word": "마름쇠" }, { "_dis1": "79 12 10", "code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "mūrex" }, { "_dis1": "79 12 10", "code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "tribulus" }, { "_dis1": "79 12 10", "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "abrolho" }, { "_dis1": "79 12 10", "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "estrepe" }, { "_dis1": "79 12 10", "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "modern" ], "word": "miguelito" }, { "_dis1": "79 12 10", "code": "ru", "english": "garlic", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "česnók", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "чесно́к" }, { "_dis1": "79 12 10", "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "próvoločnyj jož", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "про́волочный ёж" }, { "_dis1": "79 12 10", "code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "Roman", "feminine" ], "word": "vranina nòga" }, { "_dis1": "79 12 10", "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "weaponry", "word": "abrojo" }, { "_dis1": "79 12 10", "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "common-gender" ], "word": "fotangel" }, { "_dis1": "79 12 10", "code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "kwàak", "sense": "weaponry", "word": "ขวาก" } ] }, { "categories": [], "glosses": [ "The starthistle, Centaurea calcitrapa, a plant with sharp thorns." ], "id": "en-caltrop-en-noun-4vTeObz-", "links": [ [ "starthistle", "starthistle" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(colloquial) The starthistle, Centaurea calcitrapa, a plant with sharp thorns." ], "synonyms": [ { "_dis1": "6 90 5", "sense": "starthistle", "word": "knapweed" } ], "tags": [ "colloquial" ], "translations": [ { "_dis1": "6 90 5", "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "bodliva metličina", "sense": "starthistle", "word": "бодлива метличина" }, { "_dis1": "6 90 5", "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "starthistle", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "obriülls" }, { "_dis1": "6 90 5", "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "starthistle", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "cagatripa" }, { "_dis1": "6 90 5", "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "starthistle", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "card vermell" }, { "_dis1": "6 90 5", "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "sense": "starthistle", "word": "紫星薊" }, { "_dis1": "6 90 5", "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "zǐxīngjì", "sense": "starthistle", "word": "紫星蓟" }, { "_dis1": "6 90 5", "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "starthistle", "tags": [ "common-gender" ], "word": "kalketrip" }, { "_dis1": "6 90 5", "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "starthistle", "word": "piikkikaunokki" }, { "_dis1": "6 90 5", "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "starthistle", "word": "centaurée chausse-trape" }, { "_dis1": "6 90 5", "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "starthistle", "word": "chardon étoilé" }, { "_dis1": "6 90 5", "code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "starthistle", "word": "úti imola" }, { "_dis1": "6 90 5", "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "starthistle", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "abrolho" }, { "_dis1": "6 90 5", "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "vasiljók koljučegolóvyj", "sense": "starthistle", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "василёк колючеголо́вый" }, { "_dis1": "6 90 5", "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "starthistle", "word": "encojaperros" }, { "_dis1": "6 90 5", "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "starthistle", "word": "garbanzo del cura" } ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "12 20 68", "kind": "lifeform", "langcode": "en", "name": "Caltrop family plants", "orig": "en:Caltrop family plants", "parents": [ "Plants", "Shrubs", "Trees", "Lifeforms", "All topics", "Life", "Fundamental", "Nature" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "15 28 57", "kind": "lifeform", "langcode": "en", "name": "Thistles", "orig": "en:Thistles", "parents": [ "Composites", "Asterales order plants", "Plants", "Lifeforms", "All topics", "Life", "Fundamental", "Nature" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "Any of a number of flowering plants in the family Zygophyllaceae, including several members of the genus Kallstroemia and the species Tribulus terrestris, native to warm temperate and tropical regions." ], "id": "en-caltrop-en-noun--3G2G~Yr", "links": [ [ "Zygophyllaceae", "Zygophyllaceae" ], [ "Tribulus terrestris", "Tribulus terrestris" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "puncturevine" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "cat's head" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "yellow vine" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "goathead" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "burra" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "gokharu" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "bindii" } ], "translations": [ { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ḥasak", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "حَسَك" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "tataš", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "տատաշ" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "code": "xcl", "lang": "Old Armenian", "roman": "tatask", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "տատասկ" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "dəmirtikan" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "babini zǎbi", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "бабини зъби" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "tríbol" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "jílí", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "蒺藜" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "okarennokki" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "tribule terrestre" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "abrollo" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "ḳurostavi", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "კუროსთავი" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "ṭaṭaši", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "ტატაში" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "királydinnye" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "tribulo comune" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "hamabishi", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "ハマビシ" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "code": "kbd", "lang": "Kabardian", "roman": "źɛnəpɛwuc", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "жьэныпэуц" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "xencere" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "tribulus" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "bábin záb", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "ба́бин за́б" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "code": "nv", "lang": "Navajo", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "shash nátʼoh" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "xâr-xâsak", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "خارخاسک" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "abrolho" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "colții-babei" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "jákorec stéljuščijsja", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "я́корец сте́лющийся" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "jákorec nazémnyj", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "я́корец назе́мный" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "abrojo terrestre" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "cadillo" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "cuerno de chivo" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "tribulo" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "cruz maltesa" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "code": "ta", "lang": "Tamil", "roman": "neruñci", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "நெருஞ்சி" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "code": "ta", "lang": "Tamil", "roman": "neruñcil", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "நெருஞ்சில்" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "code": "ta", "lang": "Tamil", "roman": "kiṭṭiram", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "கிட்டிரம்" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "çobançökerten" }, { "_dis1": "0 9 90", "code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "demir dikeni" } ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈkæltɹəp/", "tags": [ "General-American" ] }, { "rhymes": "-æltɹəp" }, { "ipa": "/ˈkæltɹəp/", "tags": [ "UK" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈkɔːltɹəp/", "tags": [ "UK" ] }, { "rhymes": "-æltɹəp" }, { "rhymes": "-ɔːltɹəp" }, { "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-caltrop.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-caltrop.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-caltrop.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-caltrop.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-caltrop.wav.ogg", "tags": [ "US" ], "text": "Audio (US)" }, { "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-caltrop.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e0/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-caltrop.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-caltrop.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e0/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-caltrop.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-caltrop.wav.ogg", "tags": [ "Southern-England" ], "text": "Audio (Southern England)" }, { "enpr": "kăl'trəp" }, { "enpr": "kôl'trəp" } ], "synonyms": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "topics": [ "weaponry", "military", "tools", "engineering", "physical-sciences", "natural-sciences", "war", "government", "politics" ], "word": "caltrap" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "topics": [ "weaponry", "military", "tools", "engineering", "physical-sciences", "natural-sciences", "war", "government", "politics" ], "word": "galtrop" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "topics": [ "weaponry", "military", "tools", "engineering", "physical-sciences", "natural-sciences", "war", "government", "politics" ], "word": "cheval trap" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "topics": [ "weaponry", "military", "tools", "engineering", "physical-sciences", "natural-sciences", "war", "government", "politics" ], "word": "galthrap" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "topics": [ "weaponry", "military", "tools", "engineering", "physical-sciences", "natural-sciences", "war", "government", "politics" ], "word": "galtrap" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "topics": [ "weaponry", "military", "tools", "engineering", "physical-sciences", "natural-sciences", "war", "government", "politics" ], "word": "calthrop" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "topics": [ "weaponry", "military", "tools", "engineering", "physical-sciences", "natural-sciences", "war", "government", "politics" ], "word": "crow’s foot" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "topics": [ "weaponry", "military", "tools", "engineering", "physical-sciences", "natural-sciences", "war", "government", "politics" ], "word": "jackrock" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "caltrap" } ], "word": "caltrop" }
{ "categories": [ "en:Caltrop family plants", "en:Thistles" ], "coordinate_terms": [ { "topics": [ "weaponry", "military", "tools", "engineering", "physical-sciences", "natural-sciences", "war", "government", "politics" ], "word": "spike strip" } ], "derived": [ { "english": "Zygophyllaceae", "word": "caltrop family" }, { "word": "water caltrop" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "calcatrippe", "t": "plant that trips" }, "expansion": "Old English calcatrippe (“plant that trips”)", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ML.", "3": "calcatrippa", "t": "thistle" }, "expansion": "Medieval Latin calcatrippa (“thistle”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "calx" }, "expansion": "Latin calx", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "la", "2": "calcare" }, "expansion": "calcare", "name": "m" }, { "args": { "1": "la", "2": "trappa" }, "expansion": "trappa", "name": "m" } ], "etymology_text": "From Old English calcatrippe (“plant that trips”), from Medieval Latin calcatrippa (“thistle”), from Latin calx or calcare + trappa.", "forms": [ { "form": "caltrops", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "caltrop (plural caltrops)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned", "en:Heraldic charges", "en:Weapons" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1858, The journal of the British Archaeological Association", "text": "[…] her father, the emperor Alexius, who reigned AD 1081-1118, ordered caltrops to be cast in front of his archers […]", "type": "quotation" }, { "ref": "1954, Joseph Needham, Ling Wang, Science and civilisation in China", "text": "By Sung times, several different types of caltrops had been developed. As in earlier times, both caltrops could be made from both wood and iron...", "type": "quotation" }, { "ref": "2000, Alan Vick, Aerospace operations in urban environments: exploring new concepts", "text": "Caltrops, tetrahedrons, and similar devices are designed to puncture vehicle tires or limit foot traffic. The standard design has four points.", "type": "quotation" } ], "glosses": [ "A small, metal object with spikes arranged so that, when thrown onto the ground, one always faces up as a threat to pedestrians, horses, and vehicles (also used as a heraldic charge)." ], "links": [ [ "weaponry", "weaponry" ], [ "spike", "spike" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(weaponry) A small, metal object with spikes arranged so that, when thrown onto the ground, one always faces up as a threat to pedestrians, horses, and vehicles (also used as a heraldic charge)." ], "senseid": [ "en:weaponry" ], "topics": [ "engineering", "government", "military", "natural-sciences", "physical-sciences", "politics", "tools", "war", "weaponry" ] }, { "categories": [ "English colloquialisms", "Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)" ], "glosses": [ "The starthistle, Centaurea calcitrapa, a plant with sharp thorns." ], "links": [ [ "starthistle", "starthistle" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(colloquial) The starthistle, Centaurea calcitrapa, a plant with sharp thorns." ], "tags": [ "colloquial" ] }, { "categories": [ "Entries using missing taxonomic name (genus)" ], "glosses": [ "Any of a number of flowering plants in the family Zygophyllaceae, including several members of the genus Kallstroemia and the species Tribulus terrestris, native to warm temperate and tropical regions." ], "links": [ [ "Zygophyllaceae", "Zygophyllaceae" ], [ "Tribulus terrestris", "Tribulus terrestris" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈkæltɹəp/", "tags": [ "General-American" ] }, { "rhymes": "-æltɹəp" }, { "ipa": "/ˈkæltɹəp/", "tags": [ "UK" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈkɔːltɹəp/", "tags": [ "UK" ] }, { "rhymes": "-æltɹəp" }, { "rhymes": "-ɔːltɹəp" }, { "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-caltrop.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-caltrop.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-caltrop.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-caltrop.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-caltrop.wav.ogg", "tags": [ "US" ], "text": "Audio (US)" }, { "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-caltrop.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e0/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-caltrop.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-caltrop.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e0/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-caltrop.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-caltrop.wav.ogg", "tags": [ "Southern-England" ], "text": "Audio (Southern England)" }, { "enpr": "kăl'trəp" }, { "enpr": "kôl'trəp" } ], "synonyms": [ { "topics": [ "weaponry", "military", "tools", "engineering", "physical-sciences", "natural-sciences", "war", "government", "politics" ], "word": "caltrap" }, { "topics": [ "weaponry", "military", "tools", "engineering", "physical-sciences", "natural-sciences", "war", "government", "politics" ], "word": "galtrop" }, { "topics": [ "weaponry", "military", "tools", "engineering", "physical-sciences", "natural-sciences", "war", "government", "politics" ], "word": "cheval trap" }, { "topics": [ "weaponry", "military", "tools", "engineering", "physical-sciences", "natural-sciences", "war", "government", "politics" ], "word": "galthrap" }, { "topics": [ "weaponry", "military", "tools", "engineering", "physical-sciences", "natural-sciences", "war", "government", "politics" ], "word": "galtrap" }, { "topics": [ "weaponry", "military", "tools", "engineering", "physical-sciences", "natural-sciences", "war", "government", "politics" ], "word": "calthrop" }, { "topics": [ "weaponry", "military", "tools", "engineering", "physical-sciences", "natural-sciences", "war", "government", "politics" ], "word": "crow’s foot" }, { "topics": [ "weaponry", "military", "tools", "engineering", "physical-sciences", "natural-sciences", "war", "government", "politics" ], "word": "jackrock" }, { "sense": "starthistle", "word": "knapweed" }, { "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "puncturevine" }, { "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "cat's head" }, { "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "yellow vine" }, { "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "goathead" }, { "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "burra" }, { "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "gokharu" }, { "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "bindii" }, { "word": "caltrap" } ], "translations": [ { "code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "kalʹčatka", "sense": "weaponry", "word": "кальчатка" }, { "code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "čyčak", "sense": "weaponry", "word": "чычак" }, { "code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "dracjany vóžyk", "sense": "weaponry", "word": "драцяны вожык" }, { "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "obriülls" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "jílí", "sense": "weaponry", "word": "蒺藜" }, { "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "voetangel" }, { "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "kraaienpoot" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "weaponry", "word": "jalkapiikki" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "weaponry", "word": "kavioansa" }, { "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "weaponry", "word": "chausse-trape" }, { "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "weaponry", "word": "pied de corbeau" }, { "code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "abrollo" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "Krähenfuß" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "Fußangel" }, { "code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "tríbolos", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "τρίβολος" }, { "code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "weaponry", "word": "vassulyom" }, { "code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "weaponry", "word": "lábtövis" }, { "code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "grán catha" }, { "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "tribolo" }, { "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "piede di corvo" }, { "alt": "てつびし", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "tetsubishi", "sense": "weaponry", "word": "鉄菱" }, { "code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "mareumsoe", "sense": "weaponry", "word": "마름쇠" }, { "code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "mūrex" }, { "code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "tribulus" }, { "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "abrolho" }, { "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "estrepe" }, { "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "modern" ], "word": "miguelito" }, { "code": "ru", "english": "garlic", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "česnók", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "чесно́к" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "próvoločnyj jož", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "про́волочный ёж" }, { "code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "Roman", "feminine" ], "word": "vranina nòga" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "weaponry", "word": "abrojo" }, { "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "weaponry", "tags": [ "common-gender" ], "word": "fotangel" }, { "code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "kwàak", "sense": "weaponry", "word": "ขวาก" }, { "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "bodliva metličina", "sense": "starthistle", "word": "бодлива метличина" }, { "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "starthistle", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "obriülls" }, { "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "starthistle", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "cagatripa" }, { "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "starthistle", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "card vermell" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "sense": "starthistle", "word": "紫星薊" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "zǐxīngjì", "sense": "starthistle", "word": "紫星蓟" }, { "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "starthistle", "tags": [ "common-gender" ], "word": "kalketrip" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "starthistle", "word": "piikkikaunokki" }, { "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "starthistle", "word": "centaurée chausse-trape" }, { "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "starthistle", "word": "chardon étoilé" }, { "code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "starthistle", "word": "úti imola" }, { "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "starthistle", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "abrolho" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "vasiljók koljučegolóvyj", "sense": "starthistle", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "василёк колючеголо́вый" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "starthistle", "word": "encojaperros" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "starthistle", "word": "garbanzo del cura" }, { "code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ḥasak", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "حَسَك" }, { "code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "tataš", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "տատաշ" }, { "code": "xcl", "lang": "Old Armenian", "roman": "tatask", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "տատասկ" }, { "code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "dəmirtikan" }, { "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "babini zǎbi", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "бабини зъби" }, { "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "tríbol" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "jílí", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "蒺藜" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "okarennokki" }, { "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "tribule terrestre" }, { "code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "abrollo" }, { "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "ḳurostavi", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "კუროსთავი" }, { "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "ṭaṭaši", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "ტატაში" }, { "code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "királydinnye" }, { "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "tribulo comune" }, { "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "hamabishi", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "ハマビシ" }, { "code": "kbd", "lang": "Kabardian", "roman": "źɛnəpɛwuc", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "жьэныпэуц" }, { "code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "xencere" }, { "code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "tribulus" }, { "code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "bábin záb", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "ба́бин за́б" }, { "code": "nv", "lang": "Navajo", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "shash nátʼoh" }, { "code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "xâr-xâsak", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "خارخاسک" }, { "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "abrolho" }, { "code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "colții-babei" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "jákorec stéljuščijsja", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "я́корец сте́лющийся" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "jákorec nazémnyj", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "я́корец назе́мный" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "abrojo terrestre" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "cadillo" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "cuerno de chivo" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "tribulo" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "cruz maltesa" }, { "code": "ta", "lang": "Tamil", "roman": "neruñci", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "நெருஞ்சி" }, { "code": "ta", "lang": "Tamil", "roman": "neruñcil", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "நெருஞ்சில்" }, { "code": "ta", "lang": "Tamil", "roman": "kiṭṭiram", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "கிட்டிரம்" }, { "code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "çobançökerten" }, { "code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "Tribulus terrestris", "word": "demir dikeni" } ], "word": "caltrop" }
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