See brainwash in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for brainwash meaning in English (10.0kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "brain",
"3": "wash"
},
"expansion": "brain + wash",
"name": "compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "zh",
"3": "洗腦",
"nocap": "1",
"tr": "xǐnǎo"
},
"expansion": "calque of Chinese 洗腦／洗脑 (xǐnǎo)",
"name": "cal"
}
],
"etymology_text": "brain + wash, calque of Chinese 洗腦／洗脑 (xǐnǎo), literally \"to wash the brain\". Usage via U.S. military during Korean War.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "brainwashes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "brainwash (plural brainwashes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A distorting effect upon one's memory, belief, or ideas, as by propaganda."
],
"id": "en-brainwash-en-noun-hlSaxB-Z",
"links": [
[
"propaganda",
"propaganda"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɹeɪnwɒʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-brainwash.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/09/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-brainwash.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-brainwash.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"audio": "En-US-Brainwash.ogg",
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/En-US-Brainwash.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "brān'wŏsh"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brainwashing"
],
"word": "brainwash"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "brain",
"3": "wash"
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"expansion": "brain + wash",
"name": "compound"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "zh",
"3": "洗腦",
"nocap": "1",
"tr": "xǐnǎo"
},
"expansion": "calque of Chinese 洗腦／洗脑 (xǐnǎo)",
"name": "cal"
}
],
"etymology_text": "brain + wash, calque of Chinese 洗腦／洗脑 (xǐnǎo), literally \"to wash the brain\". Usage via U.S. military during Korean War.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "brainwashes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "brainwashing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brainwashed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "brainwashed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "brainwash (third-person singular simple present brainwashes, present participle brainwashing, simple past and past participle brainwashed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Psychology",
"orig": "en:Psychology",
"parents": [
"Social sciences",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "20 51 17 11",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Thinking",
"orig": "en:Thinking",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To affect one's mind by using extreme mental pressure or any other mind-affecting process. (e.g. hypnosis)"
],
"id": "en-brainwash-en-verb-eFHNYPUJ",
"links": [
[
"psychology",
"psychology"
],
[
"hypnosis",
"hypnosis"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(psychology) To affect one's mind by using extreme mental pressure or any other mind-affecting process. (e.g. hypnosis)"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"psychology",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḡasala l-muḵḵ",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "ّغَسَلَ المُخ"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḡasal id-dimāḡ",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic"
],
"word": "غَسَل الدِماغ"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "uġeġə lvanal",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "ուղեղը լվանալ"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "rentar el cervell"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "洗腦"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "sai² nou⁵",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "洗脑"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "洗腦"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xǐnǎo",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "洗脑"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "vymýt mozek"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "hjernevaske"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "hersenspoelen"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "aivopestä"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "décerveler"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "laver le cerveau"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "bourrer le crâne"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "einer Gehirnwäsche unterziehen"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "gehirnwaschen"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "shatáf móach",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "שָׁטַף מֹחַ"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "agymosást végez"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "heilaþvo"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "fare il lavaggio del cervello"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"alt": "せんのうする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sennō suru",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "洗脳する"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "senoehada",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "세뇌하다"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "lāng sa mǭng",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "ລ້າງສະໝອງ"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "tarxi ugaax",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "тархи угаах"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "prać mózg komu"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wyprać mózg komu"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "fazer lavagem cerebral em"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "spăla creier"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "promyvátʹ mozgí",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "промыва́ть мозги́"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "promýtʹ mozgí",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "промы́ть мозги́"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zombirovatʹ",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"perfective"
],
"word": "зомбировать"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "lavar el cerebro"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "fua bongo"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "hjärntvätta"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "láang-sà-mɔ̌ɔng",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "ล้างสมอง"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "beyin yıkamak"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "tẩy não"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 20 47 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 26 53 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To take from an electronically controlled machine its stored-up information; to erase a computer's programming. (1960)"
],
"id": "en-brainwash-en-verb-2apskOzY",
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively, dated) To take from an electronically controlled machine its stored-up information; to erase a computer's programming. (1960)"
],
"tags": [
"dated",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "The news media brainwashed many people."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To persuade completely and forcibly."
],
"id": "en-brainwash-en-verb-x6dMGh7r"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɹeɪnwɒʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-brainwash.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/09/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-brainwash.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-brainwash.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"audio": "En-US-Brainwash.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ed/En-US-Brainwash.ogg/En-US-Brainwash.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/En-US-Brainwash.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "brān'wŏsh"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brainwashing"
],
"word": "brainwash"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English compound terms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms calqued from Chinese",
"English terms derived from Chinese",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"en:Thinking"
],
"etymology_templates": [
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"2": "brain",
"3": "wash"
},
"expansion": "brain + wash",
"name": "compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "zh",
"3": "洗腦",
"nocap": "1",
"tr": "xǐnǎo"
},
"expansion": "calque of Chinese 洗腦／洗脑 (xǐnǎo)",
"name": "cal"
}
],
"etymology_text": "brain + wash, calque of Chinese 洗腦／洗脑 (xǐnǎo), literally \"to wash the brain\". Usage via U.S. military during Korean War.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "brainwashes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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"args": {},
"expansion": "brainwash (plural brainwashes)",
"name": "en-noun"
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A distorting effect upon one's memory, belief, or ideas, as by propaganda."
],
"links": [
[
"propaganda",
"propaganda"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɹeɪnwɒʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-brainwash.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/09/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-brainwash.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-brainwash.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"audio": "En-US-Brainwash.ogg",
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/En-US-Brainwash.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
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"text": "Audio (US)"
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"enpr": "brān'wŏsh"
}
],
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],
"word": "brainwash"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English compound terms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms calqued from Chinese",
"English terms derived from Chinese",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"en:Thinking"
],
"etymology_templates": [
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"2": "brain",
"3": "wash"
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"expansion": "brain + wash",
"name": "compound"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "zh",
"3": "洗腦",
"nocap": "1",
"tr": "xǐnǎo"
},
"expansion": "calque of Chinese 洗腦／洗脑 (xǐnǎo)",
"name": "cal"
}
],
"etymology_text": "brain + wash, calque of Chinese 洗腦／洗脑 (xǐnǎo), literally \"to wash the brain\". Usage via U.S. military during Korean War.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "brainwashes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "brainwashing",
"tags": [
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"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brainwashed",
"tags": [
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"past"
]
},
{
"form": "brainwashed",
"tags": [
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]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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"args": {},
"expansion": "brainwash (third-person singular simple present brainwashes, present participle brainwashing, simple past and past participle brainwashed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Psychology"
],
"glosses": [
"To affect one's mind by using extreme mental pressure or any other mind-affecting process. (e.g. hypnosis)"
],
"links": [
[
"psychology",
"psychology"
],
[
"hypnosis",
"hypnosis"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(psychology) To affect one's mind by using extreme mental pressure or any other mind-affecting process. (e.g. hypnosis)"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"psychology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English dated terms"
],
"glosses": [
"To take from an electronically controlled machine its stored-up information; to erase a computer's programming. (1960)"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively, dated) To take from an electronically controlled machine its stored-up information; to erase a computer's programming. (1960)"
],
"tags": [
"dated",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "The news media brainwashed many people."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To persuade completely and forcibly."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɹeɪnwɒʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-brainwash.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/09/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-brainwash.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-brainwash.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/09/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-brainwash.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-brainwash.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"audio": "En-US-Brainwash.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ed/En-US-Brainwash.ogg/En-US-Brainwash.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/En-US-Brainwash.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "brān'wŏsh"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḡasala l-muḵḵ",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "ّغَسَلَ المُخ"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḡasal id-dimāḡ",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic"
],
"word": "غَسَل الدِماغ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "uġeġə lvanal",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "ուղեղը լվանալ"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "rentar el cervell"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "洗腦"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "sai² nou⁵",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "洗脑"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "洗腦"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xǐnǎo",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "洗脑"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "vymýt mozek"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "hjernevaske"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "hersenspoelen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "aivopestä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "décerveler"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "laver le cerveau"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "bourrer le crâne"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "einer Gehirnwäsche unterziehen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "gehirnwaschen"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "shatáf móach",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "שָׁטַף מֹחַ"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "agymosást végez"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "heilaþvo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "fare il lavaggio del cervello"
},
{
"alt": "せんのうする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sennō suru",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "洗脳する"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "senoehada",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "세뇌하다"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "lāng sa mǭng",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "ລ້າງສະໝອງ"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "tarxi ugaax",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "тархи угаах"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "prać mózg komu"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wyprać mózg komu"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "fazer lavagem cerebral em"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "spăla creier"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "promyvátʹ mozgí",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "промыва́ть мозги́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "promýtʹ mozgí",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "промы́ть мозги́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zombirovatʹ",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"perfective"
],
"word": "зомбировать"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "lavar el cerebro"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "fua bongo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "hjärntvätta"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "láang-sà-mɔ̌ɔng",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "ล้างสมอง"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "beyin yıkamak"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to affect one's mind",
"word": "tẩy não"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brainwashing"
],
"word": "brainwash"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.