See absolutism in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "antiabsolutism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
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{
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"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "absolutisme"
},
"expansion": "French absolutisme",
"name": "der"
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],
"etymology_text": "First attested in 1753 (in the theological sense); attested in 1830 in the political sense. From absolute + -ism, based after French absolutisme.",
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{
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"tags": [
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"word": "autocracy"
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"word": "dictatorship"
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"Doctrine of preordination; doctrine of absolute decrees; doctrine that God acts in an absolute manner."
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"id": "en-absolutism-en-noun-5VxaoTTy",
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[
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[
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[
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"(theology) Doctrine of preordination; doctrine of absolute decrees; doctrine that God acts in an absolute manner."
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"religion",
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"tags": [
"masculine"
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}
]
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{
"ref": "1859, John Gorham Palfrey, chapter IV, in History of New England, volume I, page 217:",
"text": "The element of absolutism and prelacy was more controlling in the counsels of the rival corporation.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2019, John Gascoigne, Science and the State, page 54:",
"text": "As absolutism became more consolidated in Europe, and particularly in France, such nonabsolutist states tended to define themselves in opposition to their absolutist rivals: hence, those features of their government which differed from absolutism tended to be given special prominence.",
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"The principles or practice of absolute or arbitrary government; Synonym of despotism."
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[
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"(political science, sociology) The principles or practice of absolute or arbitrary government; Synonym of despotism."
],
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"tags": [
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"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "7 66 13 6 8",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "absolyutizm",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"word": "աբսոլյուտիզմ"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 66 13 6 8",
"code": "bg",
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"roman": "absoljutízǎm",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "абсолюти́зъм"
},
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"tags": [
"masculine"
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"word": "absolutisme"
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"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"tags": [
"masculine"
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"word": "absolutismus"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 66 13 6 8",
"code": "da",
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"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
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"common-gender"
],
"word": "enevælde"
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"_dis1": "7 66 13 6 8",
"code": "da",
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"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
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"word": "absolutisme"
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"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"tags": [
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"word": "absolutisme"
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"_dis1": "7 66 13 6 8",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "alleenheerschappij"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 66 13 6 8",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"word": "absolutismo"
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"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"word": "absolutismi"
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{
"_dis1": "7 66 13 6 8",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"word": "absolutisme"
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{
"_dis1": "7 66 13 6 8",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Absolutismus"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 66 13 6 8",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "apolytarchía",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "απολυταρχία"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 66 13 6 8",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"word": "abszolutizmus"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 66 13 6 8",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"word": "absolutisme"
},
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"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "assolutismo"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 66 13 6 8",
"code": "mhr",
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"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"word": "абсолютизм"
},
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{
"_dis1": "7 66 13 6 8",
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"masculine"
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"tags": [
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],
"word": "absolutyzm"
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"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "absolutismo"
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"tags": [
"neuter"
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"word": "absolutism"
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"masculine"
],
"word": "абсолюти́зм"
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"_dis1": "7 66 13 6 8",
"code": "sh",
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"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"tags": [
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"masculine"
],
"word": "апсолутизам"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 66 13 6 8",
"code": "sh",
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"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
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"word": "apsolutizam"
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"_dis1": "7 66 13 6 8",
"code": "es",
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"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"tags": [
"masculine"
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"word": "absolutismo"
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{
"_dis1": "7 66 13 6 8",
"code": "sv",
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"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
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"common-gender"
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"word": "absolutism"
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{
"_dis1": "7 66 13 6 8",
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"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"tags": [
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"word": "envälde"
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],
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"Belief in a metaphysical absolute; belief in Absolute."
],
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],
[
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"metaphysical"
],
[
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[
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"Absolute"
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"(philosophy) Belief in a metaphysical absolute; belief in Absolute."
],
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],
"tags": [
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"uncountable"
],
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],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "8 3 80 4 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "belief in a metaphysical absolute",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "absolutisme"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 3 80 4 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "belief in a metaphysical absolute",
"word": "absolutismi"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 3 80 4 5",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "apolytokratía",
"sense": "belief in a metaphysical absolute",
"word": "απολυτοκρατία"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 3 80 4 5",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "belief in a metaphysical absolute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "absolutisme"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 3 80 4 5",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "belief in a metaphysical absolute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "absolutyzm"
}
]
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{
"_dis1": "6 5 10 74 6",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "apolytótita",
"sense": "the state of being absolute; the system or doctrine of the absolute or unconditional",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "απολυτότητα"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 5 10 74 6",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "apólyto",
"sense": "the state of being absolute; the system or doctrine of the absolute or unconditional",
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"neuter"
],
"word": "απόλυτο"
}
]
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{
"ref": "2003, Ruth R. Wisse, The Modern Jewish Canon: A Journey Through Language, →ISBN:",
"text": "It was the absolutism of his ambition to be a perfect writer (and perhaps also the perfect son) that imperiled him.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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"The characteristic of being absolute in nature or scope; absoluteness."
],
"id": "en-absolutism-en-noun-wJo2bK90",
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[
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"(rare) The characteristic of being absolute in nature or scope; absoluteness."
],
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"ipa": "/ˈæb.sə.luː.tɪz.m̩/",
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},
{
"ipa": "/ˈæb.səˌluˌtɪz.m̩/",
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},
"expansion": "absolutism (countable and uncountable, plural absolutisms)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "autocracy"
},
{
"word": "dictatorship"
},
{
"word": "strongman"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Theology"
],
"glosses": [
"Doctrine of preordination; doctrine of absolute decrees; doctrine that God acts in an absolute manner."
],
"links": [
[
"theology",
"theology"
],
[
"preordination",
"preordination"
],
[
"The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles",
"w:Shorter Oxford English Dictionary"
],
[
"Oxford University Press",
"w:Oxford University Press"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(theology) Doctrine of preordination; doctrine of absolute decrees; doctrine that God acts in an absolute manner."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"lifestyle",
"religion",
"theology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Political science",
"en:Sociology"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1859, John Gorham Palfrey, chapter IV, in History of New England, volume I, page 217:",
"text": "The element of absolutism and prelacy was more controlling in the counsels of the rival corporation.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2019, John Gascoigne, Science and the State, page 54:",
"text": "As absolutism became more consolidated in Europe, and particularly in France, such nonabsolutist states tended to define themselves in opposition to their absolutist rivals: hence, those features of their government which differed from absolutism tended to be given special prominence.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The principles or practice of absolute or arbitrary government; Synonym of despotism."
],
"links": [
[
"political science",
"political science"
],
[
"sociology",
"sociology"
],
[
"despotism",
"despotism#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(political science, sociology) The principles or practice of absolute or arbitrary government; Synonym of despotism."
],
"senseid": [
"en:politics"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"political-science",
"sciences",
"social-science",
"social-sciences",
"sociology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Philosophy"
],
"glosses": [
"Belief in a metaphysical absolute; belief in Absolute."
],
"links": [
[
"philosophy",
"philosophy"
],
[
"metaphysical",
"metaphysical"
],
[
"absolute",
"absolute"
],
[
"Absolute",
"Absolute"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(philosophy) Belief in a metaphysical absolute; belief in Absolute."
],
"senseid": [
"en:philosophy"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Positiveness; the state of being absolute."
],
"links": [
[
"Positiveness",
"positiveness"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2003, Ruth R. Wisse, The Modern Jewish Canon: A Journey Through Language, →ISBN:",
"text": "It was the absolutism of his ambition to be a perfect writer (and perhaps also the perfect son) that imperiled him.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The characteristic of being absolute in nature or scope; absoluteness."
],
"links": [
[
"absoluteness",
"absoluteness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) The characteristic of being absolute in nature or scope; absoluteness."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"rare",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈæb.sə.luː.tɪz.m̩/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈæb.sə.ljuː.tɪz.m̩/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈæb.səˌluˌtɪz.m̩/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈæb.səˌljuˌtɪz.m̩/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-absolutism.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c3/En-us-absolutism.ogg/En-us-absolutism.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/En-us-absolutism.ogg"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "theology: doctrine of preordination; doctrine of absolute decrees",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "predestinatieleer"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "absolyutizm",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"word": "աբսոլյուտիզմ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "absoljutízǎm",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "абсолюти́зъм"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "absolutisme"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "absolutismus"
},
{
"code": "da",
"english": "Danish history ca. 1660-1849",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "enevælde"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "absolutisme"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "absolutisme"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "alleenheerschappij"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"word": "absolutismo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"word": "absolutismi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"word": "absolutisme"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Absolutismus"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "apolytarchía",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "απολυταρχία"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"word": "abszolutizmus"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"word": "absolutisme"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "assolutismo"
},
{
"code": "mhr",
"lang": "Eastern Mari",
"roman": "absoĺutizm",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"word": "абсолютизм"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "absolutisme"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "enevelde"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "absolutisme"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "absolutyzm"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "absolutismo"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "absolutism"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "absoljutízm",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "абсолюти́зм"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "апсолутизам"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "apsolutizam"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "absolutismo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "absolutism"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "envälde"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "despotism"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "belief in a metaphysical absolute",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "absolutisme"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "belief in a metaphysical absolute",
"word": "absolutismi"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "apolytokratía",
"sense": "belief in a metaphysical absolute",
"word": "απολυτοκρατία"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "belief in a metaphysical absolute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "absolutisme"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "belief in a metaphysical absolute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "absolutyzm"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "apolytótita",
"sense": "the state of being absolute; the system or doctrine of the absolute or unconditional",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "απολυτότητα"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "apólyto",
"sense": "the state of being absolute; the system or doctrine of the absolute or unconditional",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "απόλυτο"
}
],
"word": "absolutism"
}
Download raw JSONL data for absolutism meaning in English (11.6kB)
{
"called_from": "page/2386",
"msg": "inconsistent language codes no vs nb in translation item: 't+' {1: 'nb', 2: 'enevelde', 3: 'n'}",
"path": [
"absolutism",
"Template:t+",
"TEMPLATE_FN"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "absolutism",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (bcd5c38 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.