"Livonia" meaning in English

See Livonia in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Proper name

IPA: /lɪˈvoʊniə/
Etymology: From Latin Livonia, from Estonian liiv (“sand”). Etymology templates: {{bor|en|la|Livonia}} Latin Livonia, {{der|en|et|liiv||sand}} Estonian liiv (“sand”) Head templates: {{en-proper noun}} Livonia
  1. (historical) A historical region in the Baltic, south of the Gulf of Finland, now divided and constituting southern Estonia and northern Latvia. Tags: historical Categories (place): Estonia, Latvia Translations (historical region): Lyfland (Afrikaans), Liefland (Afrikaans), Λιουονίᾱ (Liouoníā) [feminine] (Ancient Greek), ليفونيا (lifunia) [feminine] (Arabic), Լիվոնիա (Livonia) (Armenian), Livonia (Basque), Лівонія (Livónija) [feminine] (Belarusian), Livônia [feminine] (Brazilian Portuguese), Ливония (Livonija) [feminine] (Bulgarian), Livònia [feminine] (Catalan), 立窝尼亚 (Lìwōníyǎ) (Chinese Mandarin), 利夫兰 (Lìfūlán) (Chinese Mandarin), Livonsko [neuter] (Czech), Livland (Danish), Lijfland [neuter] (Dutch), Livonio (Esperanto), Livlando (Esperanto), Liivimaa (Estonian), Livónia [feminine] (European Portuguese), Liivinmaa (Finnish), Livonie [feminine] (French), Livonia [feminine] (Galician), ლივონია (livonia) (Georgian), Livland [neuter] (German), Liefland [neuter] (German), Λιβονία (Livonía) [feminine] (Greek), Livónia (Hungarian), Lífland (Icelandic), Livonia [feminine] (Italian), リヴォニア (Rivonia) (Japanese), 리보니아 (ribonia) (Korean), Ливония (Livoniya) (Kyrgyz), Livonia [feminine] (Latin), Livonija [feminine] (Latvian), Livonnia [feminine] (Ligurian), Livonija [feminine] (Lithuanian), Līvõmō (Livonian), लिव्होनिया (livhoniyā) (Marathi), Lîvonya [feminine] (Northern Kurdish), Livlánda (Northern Sami), Livland [neuter] (Norwegian Bokmål), Livland [neuter] (Norwegian Nynorsk), Inflanty [nonvirile] (Polish), Livonia [feminine] (Romanian), Лифля́ндия (Lifljándija) [feminine] (Russian), Ливо́ния (Livónija) [feminine] (Russian), Лѝво̄нија [Cyrillic, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), Lìvōnija [Roman, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), Livónsko [neuter] (Slovak), Livonija [feminine] (Slovene), Livonia [feminine] (Spanish), Livland (Swedish), Livonya (Turkish), Ліво́нія (Livónija) [feminine] (Ukrainian), Ливония (Livoniya) [Cyrillic] (Uzbek), Livoniya [Roman] (Uzbek), Lyflân (West Frisian)
    Sense id: en-Livonia-en-name-PF69yN4T Disambiguation of Estonia: 66 4 29 Disambiguation of Latvia: 69 4 27 Disambiguation of 'historical region': 83 1 17
  2. Any of various towns that share this name in the USA:
    Sense id: en-Livonia-en-name-7WjrmI9W
  3. Any of various towns that share this name in the USA:
    A town in Pointe Coupee Parish, Louisiana.
    Categories (place): Places in Louisiana, USA, Places in the United States, Towns in Louisiana, USA, Towns in the United States
    Sense id: en-Livonia-en-name-4YHvjxx~ Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English exonyms, English terms suffixed with -ia, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 4 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Afrikaans translations, Terms with Ancient Greek translations, Terms with Arabic translations, Terms with Armenian translations, Terms with Basque translations, Terms with Belarusian translations, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Esperanto translations, Terms with Estonian translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Galician translations, Terms with Georgian translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Icelandic translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Korean translations, Terms with Kyrgyz translations, Terms with Latin translations, Terms with Latvian translations, Terms with Ligurian translations, Terms with Lithuanian translations, Terms with Livonian translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Marathi translations, Terms with Northern Kurdish translations, Terms with Northern Sami translations, Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations, Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations, Terms with Slovak translations, Terms with Slovene translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Turkish translations, Terms with Ukrainian translations, Terms with Uzbek translations, Terms with West Frisian translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 14 7 79 Disambiguation of English exonyms: 13 7 80 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -ia: 14 7 78 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 11 6 82 Disambiguation of Pages with 4 entries: 12 8 80 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 13 8 80 Disambiguation of Terms with Afrikaans translations: 18 8 74 Disambiguation of Terms with Ancient Greek translations: 23 9 68 Disambiguation of Terms with Arabic translations: 17 10 73 Disambiguation of Terms with Armenian translations: 18 8 74 Disambiguation of Terms with Basque translations: 18 9 74 Disambiguation of Terms with Belarusian translations: 17 8 75 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 19 8 73 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 18 8 74 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 20 8 73 Disambiguation of Terms with Danish translations: 14 8 79 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 16 7 77 Disambiguation of Terms with Esperanto translations: 17 8 75 Disambiguation of Terms with Estonian translations: 24 7 69 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 21 8 72 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 16 7 77 Disambiguation of Terms with Galician translations: 19 8 73 Disambiguation of Terms with Georgian translations: 21 7 72 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 17 8 75 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 19 7 74 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 21 7 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Icelandic translations: 18 9 74 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 16 7 77 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 16 7 77 Disambiguation of Terms with Korean translations: 18 9 74 Disambiguation of Terms with Kyrgyz translations: 18 9 74 Disambiguation of Terms with Latin translations: 16 7 77 Disambiguation of Terms with Latvian translations: 24 7 68 Disambiguation of Terms with Ligurian translations: 18 9 74 Disambiguation of Terms with Lithuanian translations: 23 7 69 Disambiguation of Terms with Livonian translations: 18 8 74 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 23 7 69 Disambiguation of Terms with Marathi translations: 18 8 74 Disambiguation of Terms with Northern Kurdish translations: 14 8 78 Disambiguation of Terms with Northern Sami translations: 8 4 87 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations: 20 8 72 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations: 13 8 79 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 19 8 73 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 18 8 74 Disambiguation of Terms with Romanian translations: 19 8 73 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 15 7 78 Disambiguation of Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations: 18 8 74 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovak translations: 19 8 73 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovene translations: 18 8 74 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 14 7 79 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 18 8 74 Disambiguation of Terms with Turkish translations: 18 8 74 Disambiguation of Terms with Ukrainian translations: 18 9 74 Disambiguation of Terms with Uzbek translations: 18 8 74 Disambiguation of Terms with West Frisian translations: 20 9 72
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: Livonian
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "Livonian"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "Livonia"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin Livonia",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "et",
        "3": "liiv",
        "4": "",
        "5": "sand"
      },
      "expansion": "Estonian liiv (“sand”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin Livonia, from Estonian liiv (“sand”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "Livonia",
      "name": "en-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "66 4 29",
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Estonia",
          "orig": "en:Estonia",
          "parents": [
            "Europe",
            "Earth",
            "Eurasia",
            "Nature",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "69 4 27",
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Latvia",
          "orig": "en:Latvia",
          "parents": [
            "Europe",
            "Earth",
            "Eurasia",
            "Nature",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A historical region in the Baltic, south of the Gulf of Finland, now divided and constituting southern Estonia and northern Latvia."
      ],
      "id": "en-Livonia-en-name-PF69yN4T",
      "links": [
        [
          "Baltic",
          "Baltic"
        ],
        [
          "Gulf of Finland",
          "Gulf of Finland"
        ],
        [
          "Estonia",
          "Estonia"
        ],
        [
          "Latvia",
          "Latvia"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical) A historical region in the Baltic, south of the Gulf of Finland, now divided and constituting southern Estonia and northern Latvia."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "af",
          "lang": "Afrikaans",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "word": "Lyfland"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "af",
          "lang": "Afrikaans",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "word": "Liefland"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "lifunia",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ليفونيا"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "Livonia",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "word": "Լիվոնիա"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "eu",
          "lang": "Basque",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "word": "Livonia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "Livónija",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Лівонія"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "Livonija",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Ливония"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Livònia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "Lìwōníyǎ",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "word": "立窝尼亚"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "Lìfūlán",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "word": "利夫兰"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Livonsko"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "word": "Livland"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Lijfland"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "word": "Livonio"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "word": "Livlando"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "et",
          "lang": "Estonian",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "word": "Liivimaa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "word": "Liivinmaa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Livonie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Livonia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "livonia",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "word": "ლივონია"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Livland"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Liefland"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "Livonía",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Λιβονία"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "Liouoníā",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Λιουονίᾱ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "word": "Livónia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "word": "Lífland"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Livonia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "Rivonia",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "word": "リヴォニア"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "ribonia",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "word": "리보니아"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "kmr",
          "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Lîvonya"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "ky",
          "lang": "Kyrgyz",
          "roman": "Livoniya",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "word": "Ливония"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Livonia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Livonija"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "lij",
          "lang": "Ligurian",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Livonnia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "lt",
          "lang": "Lithuanian",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Livonija"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "liv",
          "lang": "Livonian",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "word": "Līvõmō"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "mr",
          "lang": "Marathi",
          "roman": "livhoniyā",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "word": "लिव्होनिया"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "se",
          "lang": "Northern Sami",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "word": "Livlánda"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Livland"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Livland"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "tags": [
            "nonvirile"
          ],
          "word": "Inflanty"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Brazilian Portuguese",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Livônia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "European Portuguese",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Livónia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Livonia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "Lifljándija",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Лифля́ндия"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "Livónija",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Ливо́ния"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Лѝво̄нија"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Lìvōnija"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Livónsko"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Livonija"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Livonia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "word": "Livland"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "word": "Livonya"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "Livónija",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Ліво́нія"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "uz",
          "lang": "Uzbek",
          "roman": "Livoniya",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic"
          ],
          "word": "Ливония"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "uz",
          "lang": "Uzbek",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "tags": [
            "Roman"
          ],
          "word": "Livoniya"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 1 17",
          "code": "fy",
          "lang": "West Frisian",
          "sense": "historical region",
          "word": "Lyflân"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Any of various towns that share this name in the USA"
      ],
      "id": "en-Livonia-en-name-7WjrmI9W",
      "links": [
        [
          "USA",
          "USA"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "Any of various towns that share this name in the USA:"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Places in Louisiana, USA",
          "orig": "en:Places in Louisiana, USA",
          "parents": [
            "Places",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Places in the United States",
          "orig": "en:Places in the United States",
          "parents": [
            "Places",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Towns in Louisiana, USA",
          "orig": "en:Towns in Louisiana, USA",
          "parents": [
            "Towns",
            "Places",
            "Polities",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Towns in the United States",
          "orig": "en:Towns in the United States",
          "parents": [
            "Towns",
            "Places",
            "Polities",
            "Names",
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          "_dis": "17 8 75",
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          "_dis": "19 8 73",
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      "glosses": [
        "Any of various towns that share this name in the USA:",
        "A town in Pointe Coupee Parish, Louisiana."
      ],
      "id": "en-Livonia-en-name-4YHvjxx~",
      "links": [
        [
          "USA",
          "USA"
        ],
        [
          "Pointe Coupee Parish",
          "Pointe Coupee Parish#English"
        ],
        [
          "Louisiana",
          "Louisiana#English"
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    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/lɪˈvoʊniə/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Livonia"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English exonyms",
    "English lemmas",
    "English proper nouns",
    "English terms borrowed from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Estonian",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms suffixed with -ia",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
    "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
    "Terms with Arabic translations",
    "Terms with Armenian translations",
    "Terms with Basque translations",
    "Terms with Belarusian translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Danish translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with Estonian translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with Georgian translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Icelandic translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Korean translations",
    "Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Latvian translations",
    "Terms with Ligurian translations",
    "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
    "Terms with Livonian translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Marathi translations",
    "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
    "Terms with Northern Sami translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Terms with Slovak translations",
    "Terms with Slovene translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Turkish translations",
    "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
    "Terms with Uzbek translations",
    "Terms with West Frisian translations",
    "en:Estonia",
    "en:Latvia"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "Livonian"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "Livonia"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin Livonia",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "et",
        "3": "liiv",
        "4": "",
        "5": "sand"
      },
      "expansion": "Estonian liiv (“sand”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin Livonia, from Estonian liiv (“sand”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "Livonia",
      "name": "en-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with historical senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A historical region in the Baltic, south of the Gulf of Finland, now divided and constituting southern Estonia and northern Latvia."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Baltic",
          "Baltic"
        ],
        [
          "Gulf of Finland",
          "Gulf of Finland"
        ],
        [
          "Estonia",
          "Estonia"
        ],
        [
          "Latvia",
          "Latvia"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical) A historical region in the Baltic, south of the Gulf of Finland, now divided and constituting southern Estonia and northern Latvia."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Any of various towns that share this name in the USA"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "USA",
          "USA"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "Any of various towns that share this name in the USA:"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Places in Louisiana, USA",
        "en:Places in the United States",
        "en:Towns in Louisiana, USA",
        "en:Towns in the United States"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Any of various towns that share this name in the USA:",
        "A town in Pointe Coupee Parish, Louisiana."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "USA",
          "USA"
        ],
        [
          "Pointe Coupee Parish",
          "Pointe Coupee Parish#English"
        ],
        [
          "Louisiana",
          "Louisiana#English"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/lɪˈvoʊniə/"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "af",
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "word": "Lyfland"
    },
    {
      "code": "af",
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "word": "Liefland"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "lifunia",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ليفونيا"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "Livonia",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "word": "Լիվոնիա"
    },
    {
      "code": "eu",
      "lang": "Basque",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "word": "Livonia"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "Livónija",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Лівонія"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "Livonija",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Ливония"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Livònia"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "Lìwōníyǎ",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "word": "立窝尼亚"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "Lìfūlán",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "word": "利夫兰"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Livonsko"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "word": "Livland"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Lijfland"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "word": "Livonio"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "word": "Livlando"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "word": "Liivimaa"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "word": "Liivinmaa"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Livonie"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Livonia"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "livonia",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "word": "ლივონია"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Livland"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Liefland"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "Livonía",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Λιβονία"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "Liouoníā",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Λιουονίᾱ"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "word": "Livónia"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "word": "Lífland"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Livonia"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "Rivonia",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "word": "リヴォニア"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "ribonia",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "word": "리보니아"
    },
    {
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Lîvonya"
    },
    {
      "code": "ky",
      "lang": "Kyrgyz",
      "roman": "Livoniya",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "word": "Ливония"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Livonia"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Livonija"
    },
    {
      "code": "lij",
      "lang": "Ligurian",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Livonnia"
    },
    {
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Livonija"
    },
    {
      "code": "liv",
      "lang": "Livonian",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "word": "Līvõmō"
    },
    {
      "code": "mr",
      "lang": "Marathi",
      "roman": "livhoniyā",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "word": "लिव्होनिया"
    },
    {
      "code": "se",
      "lang": "Northern Sami",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "word": "Livlánda"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Livland"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Livland"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile"
      ],
      "word": "Inflanty"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Brazilian Portuguese",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Livônia"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "European Portuguese",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Livónia"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Livonia"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "Lifljándija",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Лифля́ндия"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "Livónija",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Ливо́ния"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Лѝво̄нија"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Lìvōnija"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Livónsko"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Livonija"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Livonia"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "word": "Livland"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "word": "Livonya"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "Livónija",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Ліво́нія"
    },
    {
      "code": "uz",
      "lang": "Uzbek",
      "roman": "Livoniya",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic"
      ],
      "word": "Ливония"
    },
    {
      "code": "uz",
      "lang": "Uzbek",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "tags": [
        "Roman"
      ],
      "word": "Livoniya"
    },
    {
      "code": "fy",
      "lang": "West Frisian",
      "sense": "historical region",
      "word": "Lyflân"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Livonia"
}

Download raw JSONL data for Livonia meaning in English (9.8kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.