See Indo-European in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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"word": "IE" }, { "_dis1": "2 26 1 25 2 1 1 24 18 1", "tags": [ "abbreviation" ], "word": "IE." } ], "translations": [ { "_dis1": "52 48", "code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "hindūʔūrūbbiyya", "sense": "language family", "word": "هِنْدُوأُورُوبِّيَّة" }, { "_dis1": "52 48", "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "indoevroṗuli", "sense": "language family", "word": "ინდოევროპული" }, { "_dis1": "52 48", "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "indoevroṗuli enebi", "sense": "language family", "word": "ინდოევროპული ენები" }, { "_dis1": "52 48", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "language family", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "Indogermanisch" }, { "_dis1": "52 48", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "Indo-Yōroppa-gozoku", "sense": "language family", "word": "インド・ヨーロッパ語族" } ], "wikipedia": [ "Indo-European" ], "word": "Indo-European" } { "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "Q25820", "in": "1813" }, "expansion": "Coined by English polymath Thomas 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Sokal, N.L. Oden, B.A. Thomson, “Origins of the Indo-Europeans: genetic evidence”, in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, volume 89, →DOI, →PMID:", "text": "Two theories of the origins of the Indo-Europeans currently compete. M. Gimbutas believes that early Indo-Europeans entered southeastern Europe from the Pontic Steppes starting ca. 4500 B.C. and spread from there. C. Renfrew equates early Indo-Europeans with early farmers who entered southeastern Europe from Asia Minor ca. 7000 BC and spread through the continent.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1997, J. P. Mallory, Douglas Q. Adams, “ALDER”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, →ISBN, page 12:", "text": "Thus, although at least one term for ‘alder’ can be reconstructed to PIE, the wide distribution of this tree prevents it from being diagnostic of the earlier location of the Indo-Europeans.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "A member of the original ethnolinguistic group hypothesized to have spoken Proto-Indo-European and thus to have been the ancestor for most of India and Western Eurasia." ], "id": "en-Indo-European-en-noun-QTbm~og0", "links": [ [ "anthropology", "anthropology" ], [ "archaeology", "archaeology" ], [ "linguistics", "linguistics" ], [ "member", "member" ], [ "ethnolinguistic", "ethnolinguistic" ], [ "Proto-Indo-European", "Proto-Indo-European" ], [ "India", "India" ], [ "Eurasia", "Eurasia" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(anthropology, archaeology, linguistics) A member of the original ethnolinguistic group hypothesized to have spoken Proto-Indo-European and thus to have been the ancestor for most of India and Western Eurasia." ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "Proto-Indo-European" } ], "topics": [ "anthropology", "archaeology", "history", "human-sciences", "linguistics", "sciences" ], "translations": [ { "_dis1": "54 23 11 12", "code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "hndevropacʻi", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "word": "հնդեվրոպացի" }, { "_dis1": "54 23 11 12", "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "indoeuropeu" }, { "_dis1": "54 23 11 12", "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "indoeuropea" }, { "_dis1": "54 23 11 12", "code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "word": "indoeuropæisk" }, { "_dis1": "54 23 11 12", "code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "indoevropeari" }, { "_dis1": "54 23 11 12", "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "word": "indoeurooppalainen" }, { "_dis1": "54 23 11 12", "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "word": "indo-européen" }, { "_dis1": "54 23 11 12", "code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "indoeuropeo" }, { "_dis1": "54 23 11 12", "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "indoevroṗeli", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "word": "ინდოევროპელი" }, { "_dis1": "54 23 11 12", "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "indo-evroṗeli", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "word": "ინდო-ევროპელი" }, { "_dis1": "54 23 11 12", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "Indogermane" }, { "_dis1": "54 23 11 12", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "Indoeuropäer" }, { "_dis1": "54 23 11 12", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "Indogermanin" }, { "_dis1": "54 23 11 12", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "Indoeuropäerin" }, { "_dis1": "54 23 11 12", "code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "word": "הודו-אירופי" }, { "_dis1": "54 23 11 12", "code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "word": "indogermán" }, { "_dis1": "54 23 11 12", "code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "word": "indoeurópai" }, { "_dis1": "54 23 11 12", "code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "word": "Rumpun bahasa Indo-Eropa" }, { "_dis1": "54 23 11 12", "code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "word": "Rumpun bahasa India-Eropa" }, { "_dis1": "54 23 11 12", "code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "Ind-Eorpach" }, { "_dis1": "54 23 11 12", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "word": "インド・ヨーロッパ語族" }, { "_dis1": "54 23 11 12", "code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "word": "hîndûewropî" }, { "_dis1": "54 23 11 12", "code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "indoeiropietis" }, { "_dis1": "54 23 11 12", "code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "indoeiropiete" }, { "_dis1": "54 23 11 12", "code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "word": "Bahasa Indo-Eropah" }, { "_dis1": "54 23 11 12", "code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "tags": [ "masculine", "person" ], "word": "Indoeuropejczyk" }, { "_dis1": "54 23 11 12", "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "indo-europeu" }, { "_dis1": "54 23 11 12", "code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "word": "indo-european" }, { "_dis1": "54 23 11 12", "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "indojevropéjec", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "индоевропе́ец" }, { "_dis1": "54 23 11 12", "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "indojevropéjka", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "индоевропе́йка" }, { "_dis1": "54 23 11 12", "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "tags": [ "common-gender" ], "word": "indoeuropé" }, { "_dis1": "54 23 11 12", "code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "indojevropéjecʹ", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "індоєвропе́єць" }, { "_dis1": "54 23 11 12", "code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "indojevropéjka", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "індоєвропе́йка" }, { "_dis1": "54 23 11 12", "code": "ur", "lang": "Urdu", "roman": "hind yorapī", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "word": "ہند یورپی" } ] }, { "categories": [ { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "History", "orig": "en:History", "parents": [ "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w" }, { "_dis": "12 21 4 2 13 22 5 11 8 3", "kind": "other", "name": "English terms prefixed with Indo-", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1988, Thomas V. Gamkrelidze, “On the problem of an Asiatic original homeland of the Proto-Indo-Europeans”, in T.L. Markey and John A.C. Greppin, editors, When Worlds Collide: The Indo-Europeans and the Pre-Indo-Europeans, Ann Arbor: Karoma Publishers, Inc., published 1990, →ISBN, page 6:", "text": "To the same direction points a recent revelation made by Professor Henning who identifies the Gutians or Kutians and Tukres of the ancient Near East that occur in the cuneiform inscriptions of the end of the 3rd millennium B.C. with historical Kuchi-Tocharians, this being the earliest appearance of the Indo-Europeans in history (cf. W. Henning, the first Indo-Europeans in history, \"Society and History.\" […]).", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2015 December 18, Mark Damen, “The Indo-European Dual”, in TEDxUSU (video):", "text": "We Indo-Europeans are crazy about three! We see the world as earth, sky, water. We see things as having a beginning, a middle, and an end. Do you want a third example? Sure you do—you're Indo-European!", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "A speaker of any Indo-European language (though especially an ancient one), or a member of an Indo-European culture, who is regarded as a continuation of the Proto-Indo-Europeans in terms of language, ancestry, or cultural affinity." ], "id": "en-Indo-European-en-noun-YI6E3SSR", "links": [ [ "speaker", "speaker" ], [ "culture", "culture" ] ] }, { "categories": [], "examples": [ { "ref": "2020, Sujit Sivasandaram, Waves Across the South, William Collins, published 2021, page 236:", "text": "The sale of looted items persisted for a month, and quick profits were made by burghers and Indo-Europeans.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "A European living in India or the Indies." ], "id": "en-Indo-European-en-noun-ua543jLH", "links": [ [ "European", "European" ], [ "Indies", "Indies" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(rare) A European living in India or the Indies." ], "tags": [ "rare" ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "8 17 3 13 11 17 4 6 5 17", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Indonesian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "9 19 4 7 13 20 5 7 7 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Latvian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "A person of mixed European and Indian or Indonesian ancestry." ], "id": "en-Indo-European-en-noun-LBvqtFZS", "links": [ [ "Indian", "Indian" ], [ "Indonesian", "Indonesian" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(loosely, uncommon) A person of mixed European and Indian or Indonesian ancestry." ], "tags": [ "broadly", "uncommon" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˌɪndəʊˌjʊəɹəˈpiːən/" }, { "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-PerfectSoundWhatever-Indo-European.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/49/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-PerfectSoundWhatever-Indo-European.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-PerfectSoundWhatever-Indo-European.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/49/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-PerfectSoundWhatever-Indo-European.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-PerfectSoundWhatever-Indo-European.wav.ogg" } ], "synonyms": [ { "_dis1": "2 26 1 25 2 1 1 24 18 1", "word": "Indoeuropean" }, { "_dis1": "2 26 1 25 2 1 1 24 18 1", "word": "IE" }, { "_dis1": "2 26 1 25 2 1 1 24 18 1", "tags": [ "abbreviation" ], "word": "IE." } ], "wikipedia": [ "Indo-European" ], "word": "Indo-European" } { "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "Q25820", "in": "1813" }, "expansion": "Coined by English polymath Thomas Young in 1813", "name": "coin" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "Indo-", "3": "European" }, "expansion": "Indo- + European", "name": "af" } ], "etymology_text": "Coined by English polymath Thomas Young in 1813, from Indo- + European, relating to the geographical extremes in India and Europe (which was valid before the discovery of Tocharian languages in the early 20th century).", "forms": [ { "form": "more Indo-European", "tags": [ "comparative" ] }, { "form": "most Indo-European", "tags": [ "superlative" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "Indo-European (comparative more Indo-European, superlative most Indo-European)", "name": "en-adj" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "14 22 3 1 14 24 4 9 8 1", "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "12 21 4 2 13 22 5 11 8 3", "kind": "other", "name": "English terms prefixed with Indo-", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 22 1 1 15 24 5 6 9 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 22 2 1 15 24 4 7 9 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "13 21 3 3 14 23 6 8 7 3", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Arabic translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "11 20 3 5 14 21 5 8 8 6", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Catalan translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "10 25 2 3 13 27 4 6 6 4", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Danish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "11 23 3 2 14 26 3 8 9 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Dutch translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "13 21 3 3 15 24 4 7 7 3", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Esperanto translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "11 21 3 5 14 23 4 8 6 5", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Galician translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "11 23 2 3 13 24 6 9 7 3", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Hebrew translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "11 23 3 3 13 25 6 7 6 3", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Hindi translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "12 20 3 5 14 22 5 7 6 5", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Icelandic translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "12 20 3 5 14 22 5 8 6 5", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Irish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "11 24 3 1 14 27 3 8 8 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Italian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "11 24 3 1 14 27 3 8 8 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Japanese translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "10 19 4 6 14 20 5 7 6 9", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Kazakh translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "12 20 3 5 15 22 5 7 6 5", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Korean translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "11 24 3 1 14 27 3 8 8 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Latin translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "11 20 4 5 13 21 5 7 6 9", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Malay translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "11 22 3 3 14 25 5 8 7 3", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Mandarin translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "12 21 3 3 15 23 4 7 7 4", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Navajo translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "15 21 2 1 18 23 4 7 8 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "14 20 2 2 17 22 4 7 8 3", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "10 19 3 6 14 20 5 7 7 9", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "11 24 3 1 14 27 3 8 8 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Russian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "13 23 2 1 16 25 4 8 8 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Spanish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "12 20 3 5 14 22 5 7 6 6", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Swedish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "12 20 3 5 14 22 5 7 6 5", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Turkish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "11 19 3 6 14 21 4 7 8 7", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "13 21 3 3 15 23 5 7 7 3", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Urdu translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "11 21 2 3 20 24 4 7 6 3", "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "Language families", "orig": "en:Language families", "parents": [ "Language", "Names", "Communication", "All topics", "Proper nouns", "Terms by semantic function", "Fundamental", "Nouns", "Lemmas" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "Of or relating to the family of languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia." ], "id": "en-Indo-European-en-adj-ecQZ3uK1", "links": [ [ "language", "language" ], [ "spoken", "spoken" ], [ "Europe", "Europe" ], [ "Western Asia", "Western Asia" ] ], "translations": [ { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "hindiyy-ʔurūbiyy", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "هِنْدِيّ-أُورُوبِيّ" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "hndevropakan", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "հնդեվրոպական" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "indoeuropeu" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "印歐" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "Yìn-Ōu", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "印欧" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "indoeuropæisk" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "Indo-Europees" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "indoevropeiskur" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "indoeurooppalainen" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "indoeuropéen" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "indoeuropeo" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "indoevroṗuli", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "ინდოევროპული" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "indo-evroṗuli", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "ინდო-ევროპული" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "indogermanuli", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "ინდოგერმანული" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "indo-germanuli", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "ინდო-გერმანული" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "indogermanisch" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "indoeuropäisch" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "indoevropaïkós", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "ινδοευρωπαϊκός" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "הודו־אירופי" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "bhārat-yūropīya", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "भारत-यूरोपीय" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "bhāropīya", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "भारोपीय" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "hind-yūropīya", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "हिंद-यूरोपीय" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "indoeurópai" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "indóevrópskur" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "Ind-Eorpach" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "Ind-Eorpaise" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "indoeuropeo" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "Indoyōroppa", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "インドヨーロッパ" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "kk", "lang": "Kazakh", "roman": "ündıeuropalyq", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "үндіеуропалық" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "Indoyureob-ui", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "인도유럽의" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "Indo-Europaeus" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "indoeiropiešu" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "indoeiropeisks" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "nv", "lang": "Navajo", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "Naakáí dootłʼizhí dóó Bééshbichʼahii dabizaad ndahalinígíí" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "indoeuropeisk" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "indoeuropeisk" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "هندواروپایی" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "indoeuropejski" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "indo-europeu" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "indojevropéjskij", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "индоевропе́йский" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "indoeuropeo" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "indoeuropeisk" }, { "_dis1": "76 21 2 1", "code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "Hint-Avrupa" } ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "14 22 3 1 14 24 4 9 8 1", "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "12 21 4 2 13 22 5 11 8 3", "kind": "other", "name": "English terms prefixed with Indo-", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "9 31 2 1 9 34 3 4 6 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Entries with translation boxes", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 22 1 1 15 24 5 6 9 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 22 2 1 15 24 4 7 9 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "13 21 3 3 14 23 6 8 7 3", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Arabic translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "10 20 3 6 13 19 6 7 7 9", "kind": "other", "name": 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[], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "11 21 3 5 14 23 4 8 6 5", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Galician translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "10 18 3 6 14 19 7 7 6 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Georgian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "10 26 3 1 12 29 3 7 7 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with German translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "10 24 3 1 13 26 5 9 8 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Greek translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "11 23 2 3 13 24 6 9 7 3", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Hebrew translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "11 23 3 3 13 25 6 7 6 3", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Hindi translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "8 21 3 6 12 22 5 8 6 9", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Hungarian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "12 20 3 5 14 22 5 7 6 5", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Icelandic translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "8 17 3 13 11 17 4 6 5 17", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Indonesian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "12 20 3 5 14 22 5 8 6 5", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Irish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "11 24 3 1 14 27 3 8 8 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Italian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "11 24 3 1 14 27 3 8 8 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Japanese translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "10 19 4 6 14 20 5 7 6 9", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Kazakh translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "12 20 3 5 15 22 5 7 6 5", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Korean translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "11 24 3 1 14 27 3 8 8 1", "kind": "other", "name": 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"fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "indoevropeiskur" }, { "_dis1": "13 82 4 1", "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "indoeurooppalainen" }, { "_dis1": "13 82 4 1", "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "indoeuropéen" }, { "_dis1": "13 82 4 1", "alt": "ენა", "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "indoevroṗuli", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "ინდოევროპული" }, { "_dis1": "13 82 4 1", "alt": "ენა", "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "indogermanuli", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "ინდოგერმანული" }, { "_dis1": "13 82 4 1", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "indogermanisch" }, { "_dis1": "13 82 4 1", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "urindogermanisch" }, { "_dis1": "13 82 4 1", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "indoeuropäisch" }, { "_dis1": "13 82 4 1", "code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "indóevrópskur" }, { "_dis1": "13 82 4 1", "code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "Ind-Eorpach" }, { "_dis1": "13 82 4 1", "code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "Ind-Eorpaise" }, { "_dis1": "13 82 4 1", "code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "indogermanicus" }, { "_dis1": "13 82 4 1", "code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "indoeiropiešu" }, { "_dis1": "13 82 4 1", "code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "indoeiropeisks" }, { "_dis1": "13 82 4 1", "code": "nv", "lang": "Navajo", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "Indo-Eudopaa bizaad" }, { "_dis1": "13 82 4 1", "code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "urindoeuropeisk" }, { "_dis1": "13 82 4 1", "code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "urindoeuropeisk" }, { "_dis1": "13 82 4 1", "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "indo-europeu" }, { "_dis1": "13 82 4 1", "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "indoeuropeisk" }, { "_dis1": "13 82 4 1", "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "urindoeuropeisk" } ] }, { "categories": [], "examples": [ { "ref": "2010, Robert S. P. Beekes, “κηρός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 690:", "text": "As there is no evidence for Indo-European apiculture, we have to reckon with foreign origin for κηρός […].", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "Of or relating to the hypothetical group of peoples that spread early Indo-European languages." ], "id": "en-Indo-European-en-adj-k6C8TeaI", "links": [ [ "hypothetical", "hypothetical" ], [ "group", "group" ], [ "peoples", "peoples" ], [ "Indo-European", "Indo-European" ], [ "language", "language" ] ], "translations": [ { "_dis1": "13 36 48 4", "code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "hndevropakan", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical group of peoples having spread Indo-European languages", "word": "հնդեվրոպական" }, { "_dis1": "13 36 48 4", "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical group of peoples having spread Indo-European languages", "word": "indoeuropeu" }, { "_dis1": "13 36 48 4", "code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical group of peoples having spread Indo-European languages", "word": "hindeŭropa" }, { "_dis1": "13 36 48 4", "code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical group of peoples having spread Indo-European languages", "word": "indoevropeiskur" }, { "_dis1": "13 36 48 4", "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical group of peoples having spread Indo-European languages", "word": "indoeurooppalainen" }, { "_dis1": "13 36 48 4", "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical group of peoples having spread Indo-European languages", "word": "indoeuropéen" }, { "_dis1": "13 36 48 4", "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "indoevroṗuli", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical group of peoples having spread Indo-European languages", "word": "ინდოევროპული" }, { "_dis1": "13 36 48 4", "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "indogermanuli", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical group of peoples having spread Indo-European languages", "word": "ინდოგერმანული" }, { "_dis1": "13 36 48 4", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical group of peoples having spread Indo-European languages", "word": "indogermanisch" }, { "_dis1": "13 36 48 4", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical group of peoples having spread Indo-European languages", "word": "indoeuropäisch" }, { "_dis1": "13 36 48 4", "code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical group of peoples having spread Indo-European languages", "word": "indóevrópskur" }, { "_dis1": "13 36 48 4", "code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical group of peoples having spread Indo-European languages", "word": "Ind-Eorpach" }, { "_dis1": "13 36 48 4", "code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical group of peoples having spread Indo-European languages", "word": "indoeiropiešu" }, { "_dis1": "13 36 48 4", "code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical group of peoples having spread Indo-European languages", "word": "indoeiropeisks" }, { "_dis1": "13 36 48 4", "code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical group of peoples having spread Indo-European languages", "word": "indoeuropeisk" }, { "_dis1": "13 36 48 4", "code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical group of peoples having spread Indo-European languages", "word": "indoeuropeisk" }, { "_dis1": "13 36 48 4", "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical group of peoples having spread Indo-European languages", "word": "indo-europeu" }, { "_dis1": "13 36 48 4", "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical 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{ "categories": [ "English adjectives", "English coinages", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English multiword terms", "English nouns", "English proper nouns", "English relational adjectives", "English terms coined by Thomas Young", "English terms prefixed with Indo-", "English uncountable nouns", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Hindi translations", "Requests for review of Persian translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Navajo translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "en:Indo-European studies", "en:Language families" ], "derived": [ { "word": "Indo-Europeanism" }, { "word": "Indo-Europeanist" }, { "word": "pre-Indo-European" }, { "word": "Proto-Indo-European" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "Q25820", "in": "1813" }, "expansion": "Coined by English polymath Thomas Young in 1813", "name": "coin" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "Indo-", "3": "European" }, "expansion": "Indo- + European", "name": "af" } ], "etymology_text": "Coined by English polymath Thomas Young in 1813, from Indo- + European, relating to the geographical extremes in India and Europe (which was valid before the discovery of Tocharian languages in the early 20th century).", "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "Indo-European", "name": "en-proper noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "name", "related": [ { "word": "PIE" } ], "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "A major language family which includes many of the native languages of Europe, Western Asia and India, with notable Indic, Iranian and European sub-branches." ], "links": [ [ "language", "language" ], [ "family", "family" ], [ "Europe", "Europe" ], [ "Western Asia", "Western Asia" ], [ "India", "India" ], [ "Indic", "Indic" ], [ "Iranian", "Iranian" ], [ "European", "European" ] ] }, { "glosses": [ "Proto-Indo-European: the hypothetical parent language of the Indo-European language family." ], "links": [ [ "Proto-Indo-European", "Proto-Indo-European" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˌɪndəʊˌjʊəɹəˈpiːən/" }, { "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-PerfectSoundWhatever-Indo-European.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/49/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-PerfectSoundWhatever-Indo-European.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-PerfectSoundWhatever-Indo-European.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/49/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-PerfectSoundWhatever-Indo-European.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-PerfectSoundWhatever-Indo-European.wav.ogg" } ], "synonyms": [ { "tags": [ "uncommon" ], "word": "Indo-Germanic" }, { "word": "Indoeuropean" }, { "word": "IE" }, { "tags": [ "abbreviation" ], "word": "IE." } ], "translations": [ { "code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "hindūʔūrūbbiyya", "sense": "language family", "word": "هِنْدُوأُورُوبِّيَّة" }, { "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "indoevroṗuli", "sense": "language family", "word": "ინდოევროპული" }, { "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "indoevroṗuli enebi", "sense": "language family", "word": "ინდოევროპული ენები" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "language family", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "Indogermanisch" }, { "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "Indo-Yōroppa-gozoku", "sense": "language family", "word": "インド・ヨーロッパ語族" }, { "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "ṗroṭoindoevroṗuli", "sense": "proto-language", "word": "პროტოინდოევროპული" }, { "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "ṗroṭoindoevroṗuli ena", "sense": "proto-language", "word": "პროტოინდოევროპული ენა" }, { "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣inareindoevroṗuli", "sense": "proto-language", "word": "წინარეინდოევროპული" }, { "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣inareindoevroṗuli ena", "sense": "proto-language", "word": "წინარეინდოევროპული ენა" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "proto-language", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "Indogermanisch" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "proto-language", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "Urindogermanisch" } ], "wikipedia": [ "Indo-European" ], "word": "Indo-European" } { "categories": [ "English adjectives", "English coinages", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English multiword terms", "English nouns", "English proper nouns", "English relational adjectives", "English terms coined by Thomas Young", "English terms prefixed with Indo-", "English uncountable nouns", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Hindi translations", "Requests for review of Persian translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Navajo translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "en:Indo-European studies", "en:Language families" ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "Q25820", "in": "1813" }, "expansion": "Coined by English polymath Thomas Young in 1813", "name": "coin" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "Indo-", "3": "European" }, "expansion": "Indo- + European", "name": "af" } ], "etymology_text": "Coined by English polymath Thomas Young in 1813, from Indo- + European, relating to the geographical extremes in India and Europe (which was valid before the discovery of Tocharian languages in the early 20th century).", "forms": [ { "form": "Indo-Europeans", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "Indo-European (plural Indo-Europeans)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "English terms with quotations", "en:Anthropology", "en:Archaeology", "en:Linguistics" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1992, R.R. Sokal, N.L. Oden, B.A. Thomson, “Origins of the Indo-Europeans: genetic evidence”, in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, volume 89, →DOI, →PMID:", "text": "Two theories of the origins of the Indo-Europeans currently compete. M. Gimbutas believes that early Indo-Europeans entered southeastern Europe from the Pontic Steppes starting ca. 4500 B.C. and spread from there. C. Renfrew equates early Indo-Europeans with early farmers who entered southeastern Europe from Asia Minor ca. 7000 BC and spread through the continent.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1997, J. P. Mallory, Douglas Q. Adams, “ALDER”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, →ISBN, page 12:", "text": "Thus, although at least one term for ‘alder’ can be reconstructed to PIE, the wide distribution of this tree prevents it from being diagnostic of the earlier location of the Indo-Europeans.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "A member of the original ethnolinguistic group hypothesized to have spoken Proto-Indo-European and thus to have been the ancestor for most of India and Western Eurasia." ], "links": [ [ "anthropology", "anthropology" ], [ "archaeology", "archaeology" ], [ "linguistics", "linguistics" ], [ "member", "member" ], [ "ethnolinguistic", "ethnolinguistic" ], [ "Proto-Indo-European", "Proto-Indo-European" ], [ "India", "India" ], [ "Eurasia", "Eurasia" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(anthropology, archaeology, linguistics) A member of the original ethnolinguistic group hypothesized to have spoken Proto-Indo-European and thus to have been the ancestor for most of India and Western Eurasia." ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "Proto-Indo-European" } ], "topics": [ "anthropology", "archaeology", "history", "human-sciences", "linguistics", "sciences" ] }, { "categories": [ "English terms with quotations", "en:History" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1988, Thomas V. Gamkrelidze, “On the problem of an Asiatic original homeland of the Proto-Indo-Europeans”, in T.L. Markey and John A.C. Greppin, editors, When Worlds Collide: The Indo-Europeans and the Pre-Indo-Europeans, Ann Arbor: Karoma Publishers, Inc., published 1990, →ISBN, page 6:", "text": "To the same direction points a recent revelation made by Professor Henning who identifies the Gutians or Kutians and Tukres of the ancient Near East that occur in the cuneiform inscriptions of the end of the 3rd millennium B.C. with historical Kuchi-Tocharians, this being the earliest appearance of the Indo-Europeans in history (cf. W. Henning, the first Indo-Europeans in history, \"Society and History.\" […]).", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2015 December 18, Mark Damen, “The Indo-European Dual”, in TEDxUSU (video):", "text": "We Indo-Europeans are crazy about three! We see the world as earth, sky, water. We see things as having a beginning, a middle, and an end. Do you want a third example? Sure you do—you're Indo-European!", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "A speaker of any Indo-European language (though especially an ancient one), or a member of an Indo-European culture, who is regarded as a continuation of the Proto-Indo-Europeans in terms of language, ancestry, or cultural affinity." ], "links": [ [ "speaker", "speaker" ], [ "culture", "culture" ] ] }, { "categories": [ "English terms with quotations", "English terms with rare senses" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "2020, Sujit Sivasandaram, Waves Across the South, William Collins, published 2021, page 236:", "text": "The sale of looted items persisted for a month, and quick profits were made by burghers and Indo-Europeans.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "A European living in India or the Indies." ], "links": [ [ "European", "European" ], [ "Indies", "Indies" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(rare) A European living in India or the Indies." ], "tags": [ "rare" ] }, { "categories": [ "English terms with uncommon senses" ], "glosses": [ "A person of mixed European and Indian or Indonesian ancestry." ], "links": [ [ "Indian", "Indian" ], [ "Indonesian", "Indonesian" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(loosely, uncommon) A person of mixed European and Indian or Indonesian ancestry." ], "tags": [ "broadly", "uncommon" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˌɪndəʊˌjʊəɹəˈpiːən/" }, { "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-PerfectSoundWhatever-Indo-European.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/49/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-PerfectSoundWhatever-Indo-European.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-PerfectSoundWhatever-Indo-European.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/49/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-PerfectSoundWhatever-Indo-European.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-PerfectSoundWhatever-Indo-European.wav.ogg" } ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "Indoeuropean" }, { "word": "IE" }, { "tags": [ "abbreviation" ], "word": "IE." } ], "translations": [ { "code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "hndevropacʻi", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "word": "հնդեվրոպացի" }, { "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "indoeuropeu" }, { "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "indoeuropea" }, { "code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "word": "indoeuropæisk" }, { "code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "indoevropeari" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "word": "indoeurooppalainen" }, { "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "word": "indo-européen" }, { "code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "indoeuropeo" }, { "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "indoevroṗeli", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "word": "ინდოევროპელი" }, { "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "indo-evroṗeli", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "word": "ინდო-ევროპელი" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "Indogermane" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "Indoeuropäer" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "Indogermanin" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "Indoeuropäerin" }, { "code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "word": "הודו-אירופי" }, { "code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "word": "indogermán" }, { "code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "word": "indoeurópai" }, { "code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "word": "Rumpun bahasa Indo-Eropa" }, { "code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "word": "Rumpun bahasa India-Eropa" }, { "code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "Ind-Eorpach" }, { "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "word": "インド・ヨーロッパ語族" }, { "code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "word": "hîndûewropî" }, { "code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "indoeiropietis" }, { "code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "indoeiropiete" }, { "code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "word": "Bahasa Indo-Eropah" }, { "code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "tags": [ "masculine", "person" ], "word": "Indoeuropejczyk" }, { "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "indo-europeu" }, { "code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "word": "indo-european" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "indojevropéjec", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "индоевропе́ец" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "indojevropéjka", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "индоевропе́йка" }, { "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "tags": [ "common-gender" ], "word": "indoeuropé" }, { "code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "indojevropéjecʹ", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "індоєвропе́єць" }, { "code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "indojevropéjka", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "індоєвропе́йка" }, { "code": "ur", "lang": "Urdu", "roman": "hind yorapī", "sense": "member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group", "word": "ہند یورپی" } ], "wikipedia": [ "Indo-European" ], "word": "Indo-European" } { "categories": [ "English adjectives", "English coinages", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English multiword terms", "English nouns", "English proper nouns", "English relational adjectives", "English terms coined by Thomas Young", "English terms prefixed with Indo-", "English uncountable nouns", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Hindi translations", "Requests for review of Persian translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Navajo translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "en:Indo-European studies", "en:Language families" ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "Q25820", "in": "1813" }, "expansion": "Coined by English polymath Thomas Young in 1813", "name": "coin" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "Indo-", "3": "European" }, "expansion": "Indo- + European", "name": "af" } ], "etymology_text": "Coined by English polymath Thomas Young in 1813, from Indo- + European, relating to the geographical extremes in India and Europe (which was valid before the discovery of Tocharian languages in the early 20th century).", "forms": [ { "form": "more Indo-European", "tags": [ "comparative" ] }, { "form": "most Indo-European", "tags": [ "superlative" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "Indo-European (comparative more Indo-European, superlative most Indo-European)", "name": "en-adj" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adj", "related": [ { "word": "Aryan" } ], "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "Of or relating to the family of languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia." ], "links": [ [ "language", "language" ], [ "spoken", "spoken" ], [ "Europe", "Europe" ], [ "Western Asia", "Western Asia" ] ] }, { "glosses": [ "Of or relating to the hypothetical parent language of the Indo-European language family." ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "Proto-Indo-European" }, { "word": "PIE" } ] }, { "categories": [ "English terms with quotations" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "2010, Robert S. P. Beekes, “κηρός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 690:", "text": "As there is no evidence for Indo-European apiculture, we have to reckon with foreign origin for κηρός […].", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "Of or relating to the hypothetical group of peoples that spread early Indo-European languages." ], "links": [ [ "hypothetical", "hypothetical" ], [ "group", "group" ], [ "peoples", "peoples" ], [ "Indo-European", "Indo-European" ], [ "language", "language" ] ] }, { "categories": [ "English terms with uncommon senses" ], "glosses": [ "Of or relating to persons of mixed European and Indian or Indonesian ancestry." ], "raw_glosses": [ "(loosely, uncommon) Of or relating to persons of mixed European and Indian or Indonesian ancestry." ], "tags": [ "broadly", "uncommon" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˌɪndəʊˌjʊəɹəˈpiːən/" }, { "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-PerfectSoundWhatever-Indo-European.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/49/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-PerfectSoundWhatever-Indo-European.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-PerfectSoundWhatever-Indo-European.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/49/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-PerfectSoundWhatever-Indo-European.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-PerfectSoundWhatever-Indo-European.wav.ogg" } ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "Indoeuropean" }, { "word": "IE" }, { "tags": [ "abbreviation" ], "word": "IE." } ], "translations": [ { "code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "hindiyy-ʔurūbiyy", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "هِنْدِيّ-أُورُوبِيّ" }, { "code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "hndevropakan", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "հնդեվրոպական" }, { "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "indoeuropeu" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "印歐" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "Yìn-Ōu", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "印欧" }, { "code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "indoeuropæisk" }, { "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "Indo-Europees" }, { "code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "indoevropeiskur" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "indoeurooppalainen" }, { "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "indoeuropéen" }, { "code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "indoeuropeo" }, { "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "indoevroṗuli", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "ინდოევროპული" }, { "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "indo-evroṗuli", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "ინდო-ევროპული" }, { "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "indogermanuli", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "ინდოგერმანული" }, { "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "indo-germanuli", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "ინდო-გერმანული" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "indogermanisch" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "indoeuropäisch" }, { "code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "indoevropaïkós", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "ινδοευρωπαϊκός" }, { "code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "הודו־אירופי" }, { "code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "bhārat-yūropīya", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "भारत-यूरोपीय" }, { "code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "bhāropīya", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "भारोपीय" }, { "code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "hind-yūropīya", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "हिंद-यूरोपीय" }, { "code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "indoeurópai" }, { "code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "indóevrópskur" }, { "code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "Ind-Eorpach" }, { "code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "Ind-Eorpaise" }, { "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "indoeuropeo" }, { "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "Indoyōroppa", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "インドヨーロッパ" }, { "code": "kk", "lang": "Kazakh", "roman": "ündıeuropalyq", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "үндіеуропалық" }, { "code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "Indoyureob-ui", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "인도유럽의" }, { "code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "Indo-Europaeus" }, { "code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "indoeiropiešu" }, { "code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "indoeiropeisks" }, { "code": "nv", "lang": "Navajo", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "Naakáí dootłʼizhí dóó Bééshbichʼahii dabizaad ndahalinígíí" }, { "code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "indoeuropeisk" }, { "code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "indoeuropeisk" }, { "code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "هندواروپایی" }, { "code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "indoeuropejski" }, { "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "indo-europeu" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "indojevropéjskij", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "индоевропе́йский" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "indoeuropeo" }, { "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "indoeuropeisk" }, { "code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia", "word": "Hint-Avrupa" }, { "code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "hndevropakan", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "հնդեվրոպական" }, { "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "indoeuropeu" }, { "code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "hindeŭropa" }, { "code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "indoevropeiskur" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "indoeurooppalainen" }, { "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "indoeuropéen" }, { "alt": "ენა", "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "indoevroṗuli", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "ინდოევროპული" }, { "alt": "ენა", "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "indogermanuli", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "ინდოგერმანული" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "indogermanisch" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "urindogermanisch" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "indoeuropäisch" }, { "code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "indóevrópskur" }, { "code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "Ind-Eorpach" }, { "code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "Ind-Eorpaise" }, { "code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "indogermanicus" }, { "code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "indoeiropiešu" }, { "code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "indoeiropeisks" }, { "code": "nv", "lang": "Navajo", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "Indo-Eudopaa bizaad" }, { "code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "urindoeuropeisk" }, { "code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "urindoeuropeisk" }, { "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "indo-europeu" }, { "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "indoeuropeisk" }, { "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical parent language of Indo-European language family — see also Proto-Indo-European", "word": "urindoeuropeisk" }, { "code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "hndevropakan", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical group of peoples having spread Indo-European languages", "word": "հնդեվրոպական" }, { "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical group of peoples having spread Indo-European languages", "word": "indoeuropeu" }, { "code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical group of peoples having spread Indo-European languages", "word": "hindeŭropa" }, { "code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical group of peoples having spread Indo-European languages", "word": "indoevropeiskur" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical group of peoples having spread Indo-European languages", "word": "indoeurooppalainen" }, { "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical group of peoples having spread Indo-European languages", "word": "indoeuropéen" }, { "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "indoevroṗuli", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical group of peoples having spread Indo-European languages", "word": "ინდოევროპული" }, { "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "indogermanuli", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical group of peoples having spread Indo-European languages", "word": "ინდოგერმანული" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical group of peoples having spread Indo-European languages", "word": "indogermanisch" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical group of peoples having spread Indo-European languages", "word": "indoeuropäisch" }, { "code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical group of peoples having spread Indo-European languages", "word": "indóevrópskur" }, { "code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical group of peoples having spread Indo-European languages", "word": "Ind-Eorpach" }, { "code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical group of peoples having spread Indo-European languages", "word": "indoeiropiešu" }, { "code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical group of peoples having spread Indo-European languages", "word": "indoeiropeisks" }, { "code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical group of peoples having spread Indo-European languages", "word": "indoeuropeisk" }, { "code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical group of peoples having spread Indo-European languages", "word": "indoeuropeisk" }, { "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical group of peoples having spread Indo-European languages", "word": "indo-europeu" }, { "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "of or relating to hypothetical group of peoples having spread Indo-European languages", "word": "indoeuropeisk" } ], "wikipedia": [ "Indo-European" ], "word": "Indo-European" }
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.