"Gaul" meaning in English

See Gaul in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Proper name

IPA: /ɡɔːl/, /ɡɑl/ [cot-caught-merger] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-Gaul.wav
Rhymes: -ɔːl Etymology: Borrowed from French Gaule (“Gaul”), from Middle French Gaule (“Gaul”), from Old French Gaule, Waulle (“Gaul”, a term used to translate unrelated Latin Gallia (“Gaul”)), from Frankish *Walha(land) (“Gaul, Land of the Romans, foreigners”), from Proto-West Germanic *walh (“foreigner, Roman, Celt”), from Proto-Germanic *walhaz (“an outlander, foreigner, Celt”), probably of Celtic origin, from the same source as Latin Volcae (name of a Celtic tribe in South Germany, which later emigrated to Gaul). Akin to Old High German Walh, Walah (“a Celt, Roman, Gaul”), Old English Wealh, Walh (“a non-Germanic foreigner, Celt/Briton/Welshman”), Old Norse Valir (“Gauls, Frenchmen”). More at Wales/Welsh, Cornwall, Walloon, and Vlach/Wallachia. Despite their similar appearance, Latin Gallia is not the origin of French Gaule. During the evolution from Latin to French, stressed initial /ˈɡa-/ yielded /dʒa/ > /ʒa/ (cf. Latin gamba > French jambe), while unstressed final /-lia/ yielded /ʎə/ > /j/ (cf. Latin filia > French fille). Thus, the regular outcome of Latin Gallia is /ʒaj/ ⟨Jaille⟩, which is attested in several French toponyms: La Jaille-Yvon, Saint-Mars-la-Jaille, etc. Etymology templates: {{bor|en|fr|Gaule||Gaul}} French Gaule (“Gaul”), {{der|en|frm|Gaule||Gaul}} Middle French Gaule (“Gaul”), {{der|en|fro|Gaule|}} Old French Gaule, {{noncog|la|Gallia|t=Gaul}} Latin Gallia (“Gaul”), {{der|en|frk|*Walhaland|*Walha(land)|Gaul, Land of the Romans, foreigners}} Frankish *Walha(land) (“Gaul, Land of the Romans, foreigners”), {{der|en|gmw-pro|*walh||foreigner, Roman, Celt}} Proto-West Germanic *walh (“foreigner, Roman, Celt”), {{der|en|gem-pro|*walhaz||an outlander, foreigner, Celt}} Proto-Germanic *walhaz (“an outlander, foreigner, Celt”), {{der|en|cel}} Celtic, {{cog|la|Volcae||pos=name of a Celtic tribe in South Germany, which later emigrated to Gaul}} Latin Volcae (name of a Celtic tribe in South Germany, which later emigrated to Gaul), {{cog|goh|Walh}} Old High German Walh, {{cog|ang|Wealh}} Old English Wealh, {{cog|non|Valir||Gauls, Frenchmen}} Old Norse Valir (“Gauls, Frenchmen”), {{cog|la|Gallia}} Latin Gallia Head templates: {{en-proper noun}} Gaul
  1. (chiefly historical) A historical region roughly corresponding to modern France, Luxembourg, Belgium, most of Switzerland, and parts of Northern Italy (Lombardy), the Netherlands, and Germany west of the Rhine. Tags: historical Categories (place): Historical and traditional regions Translations (region): Gallië (Afrikaans), Γαλατία (Galatía) [feminine] (Ancient Greek), بِلَاد الْغَال (bilād al-ḡāl) [feminine, plural] (Arabic), Qalliya (Azerbaijani), Galia [feminine] (Breton), Gàl·lia [feminine] (Catalan), 高卢 (Gāolú) (Chinese Mandarin), Galie [feminine] (Czech), Gallien [neuter] (Danish), Gallië [neuter] (Dutch), Gaŭlio (Esperanto), Gaŭlujo (Esperanto), Gallia (Finnish), Gaule [feminine] (French), გალია (galia) (Georgian), Gallien [neuter] (German), Γαλατία (Galatía) [feminine] (Greek), גַּלִּיָּה (Gallía) [feminine] (Hebrew), An Ghaill [feminine] (Irish), Gall [masculine] (Irish), Gallia [feminine] (Italian), ガリア (garia) (Japanese), Gallia [feminine] (Latin), Gallija [feminine] (Latvian), Gallia [neuter] (Norwegian Bokmål), Gallia [neuter] (Norwegian Nynorsk), Gaulle [feminine] (Old French), گالیا (gâliyâ) (Persian), گال (gâl) (Persian), Galia [feminine] (Polish), Gália [feminine] (Portuguese), Galia [feminine] (Romanian), Га́ллия (Gállija) [feminine] (Russian), Galia [feminine] (Spanish), Gallien [neuter] (Swedish), Galya (Turkish), Га́лія (Hálija) [feminine] (Ukrainian), Galliya (Uzbek), Gâl [feminine] (Welsh)
    Sense id: en-Gaul-en-name-J5fvyStl

Noun

IPA: /ɡɔːl/, /ɡɑl/ [cot-caught-merger] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-Gaul.wav Forms: Gauls [plural]
Rhymes: -ɔːl Etymology: Borrowed from French Gaule (“Gaul”), from Middle French Gaule (“Gaul”), from Old French Gaule, Waulle (“Gaul”, a term used to translate unrelated Latin Gallia (“Gaul”)), from Frankish *Walha(land) (“Gaul, Land of the Romans, foreigners”), from Proto-West Germanic *walh (“foreigner, Roman, Celt”), from Proto-Germanic *walhaz (“an outlander, foreigner, Celt”), probably of Celtic origin, from the same source as Latin Volcae (name of a Celtic tribe in South Germany, which later emigrated to Gaul). Akin to Old High German Walh, Walah (“a Celt, Roman, Gaul”), Old English Wealh, Walh (“a non-Germanic foreigner, Celt/Briton/Welshman”), Old Norse Valir (“Gauls, Frenchmen”). More at Wales/Welsh, Cornwall, Walloon, and Vlach/Wallachia. Despite their similar appearance, Latin Gallia is not the origin of French Gaule. During the evolution from Latin to French, stressed initial /ˈɡa-/ yielded /dʒa/ > /ʒa/ (cf. Latin gamba > French jambe), while unstressed final /-lia/ yielded /ʎə/ > /j/ (cf. Latin filia > French fille). Thus, the regular outcome of Latin Gallia is /ʒaj/ ⟨Jaille⟩, which is attested in several French toponyms: La Jaille-Yvon, Saint-Mars-la-Jaille, etc. Etymology templates: {{bor|en|fr|Gaule||Gaul}} French Gaule (“Gaul”), {{der|en|frm|Gaule||Gaul}} Middle French Gaule (“Gaul”), {{der|en|fro|Gaule|}} Old French Gaule, {{noncog|la|Gallia|t=Gaul}} Latin Gallia (“Gaul”), {{der|en|frk|*Walhaland|*Walha(land)|Gaul, Land of the Romans, foreigners}} Frankish *Walha(land) (“Gaul, Land of the Romans, foreigners”), {{der|en|gmw-pro|*walh||foreigner, Roman, Celt}} Proto-West Germanic *walh (“foreigner, Roman, Celt”), {{der|en|gem-pro|*walhaz||an outlander, foreigner, Celt}} Proto-Germanic *walhaz (“an outlander, foreigner, Celt”), {{der|en|cel}} Celtic, {{cog|la|Volcae||pos=name of a Celtic tribe in South Germany, which later emigrated to Gaul}} Latin Volcae (name of a Celtic tribe in South Germany, which later emigrated to Gaul), {{cog|goh|Walh}} Old High German Walh, {{cog|ang|Wealh}} Old English Wealh, {{cog|non|Valir||Gauls, Frenchmen}} Old Norse Valir (“Gauls, Frenchmen”), {{cog|la|Gallia}} Latin Gallia Head templates: {{en-noun}} Gaul (plural Gauls)
  1. A person from Gaul. Categories (topical): Celtic tribes, Demonyms Related terms: Gaulish Translations (person): Gallileër (Afrikaans), Γαλάτης (Galátēs) [masculine] (Ancient Greek), غَالِيّ (ḡāliyy) [masculine] (Arabic), غَالِيَّة (ḡāliyya) [feminine] (Arabic), qall (Azerbaijani), Galian [masculine] (Breton), gal [masculine] (Catalan), gal·la [feminine] (Catalan), 高卢人 (gāolúrén) (Chinese Mandarin), Gal [masculine] (Czech), galler [common-gender] (Danish), Galliër [masculine] (Dutch), Gallische [feminine] (Dutch), gaŭlo (Esperanto), gaŭlino [feminine] (Esperanto), galli [masculine] (Faroese), gallialainen (Finnish), Gaulois [masculine] (French), Gauloise [feminine] (French), გალელი (galeli) (Georgian), Gallier [masculine] (German), Gallierin [feminine] (German), Γαλάτης (Galátis) [masculine] (Greek), Γαλάτισσα (Galátissa) [feminine] (Greek), gall (Hungarian), Gallach [masculine] (Irish), Gallus [masculine] (Latin), Galla [feminine] (Latin), galls [masculine] (Latvian), galliete [feminine] (Latvian), galli [masculine, plural] (Latvian), galler [masculine] (Norwegian Bokmål), gallar [masculine] (Norwegian Nynorsk), Gall [masculine] (Old Irish), Gal [masculine] (Polish), Galijka [feminine] (Polish), gaulês [masculine] (Portuguese), gaulesa [feminine] (Portuguese), gal [masculine] (Romanian), галл (gall) [masculine] (Russian), galo [masculine] (Spanish), gala [feminine] (Spanish), galler [common-gender] (Swedish), Galyalı (Turkish), гал (hal) [masculine] (Ukrainian), gall (Uzbek), Galiad (Welsh)
    Sense id: en-Gaul-en-noun-fvSLV2oU Disambiguation of Demonyms: 19 81 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 5 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Afrikaans translations, Terms with Ancient Greek translations, Terms with Arabic translations, Terms with Azerbaijani translations, Terms with Breton translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Esperanto translations, Terms with Faroese translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Georgian translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Hebrew translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Irish translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Latin translations, Terms with Latvian translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations, Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations, Terms with Old French translations, Terms with Old Irish translations, Terms with Persian translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Turkish translations, Terms with Ukrainian translations, Terms with Uzbek translations, Terms with Welsh translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 38 62 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 16 84 Disambiguation of Pages with 5 entries: 19 60 3 18 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 18 61 3 17 Disambiguation of Terms with Afrikaans translations: 14 86 Disambiguation of Terms with Ancient Greek translations: 37 63 Disambiguation of Terms with Arabic translations: 18 82 Disambiguation of Terms with Azerbaijani translations: 14 86 Disambiguation of Terms with Breton translations: 14 86 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 21 79 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 24 76 Disambiguation of Terms with Danish translations: 12 88 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 11 89 Disambiguation of Terms with Esperanto translations: 16 84 Disambiguation of Terms with Faroese translations: 14 86 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 14 86 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 8 92 Disambiguation of Terms with Georgian translations: 16 84 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 17 83 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 15 85 Disambiguation of Terms with Hebrew translations: 18 82 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 13 87 Disambiguation of Terms with Irish translations: 21 79 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 8 92 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 8 92 Disambiguation of Terms with Latin translations: 8 92 Disambiguation of Terms with Latvian translations: 11 89 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 27 73 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations: 15 85 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations: 13 87 Disambiguation of Terms with Old French translations: 21 79 Disambiguation of Terms with Old Irish translations: 22 78 Disambiguation of Terms with Persian translations: 12 88 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 23 77 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 15 85 Disambiguation of Terms with Romanian translations: 13 87 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 8 92 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 8 92 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 18 82 Disambiguation of Terms with Turkish translations: 17 83 Disambiguation of Terms with Ukrainian translations: 18 82 Disambiguation of Terms with Uzbek translations: 14 86 Disambiguation of Terms with Welsh translations: 10 90

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "Gaule",
        "4": "",
        "5": "Gaul"
      },
      "expansion": "French Gaule (“Gaul”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "Gaule",
        "4": "",
        "5": "Gaul"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French Gaule (“Gaul”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "Gaule",
        "4": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old French Gaule",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "Gallia",
        "t": "Gaul"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin Gallia (“Gaul”)",
      "name": "noncog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "*Walhaland",
        "4": "*Walha(land)",
        "5": "Gaul, Land of the Romans, foreigners"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish *Walha(land) (“Gaul, Land of the Romans, foreigners”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*walh",
        "4": "",
        "5": "foreigner, Roman, Celt"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *walh (“foreigner, Roman, Celt”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*walhaz",
        "4": "",
        "5": "an outlander, foreigner, Celt"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *walhaz (“an outlander, foreigner, Celt”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "cel"
      },
      "expansion": "Celtic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "Volcae",
        "3": "",
        "pos": "name of a Celtic tribe in South Germany, which later emigrated to Gaul"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin Volcae (name of a Celtic tribe in South Germany, which later emigrated to Gaul)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "Walh"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German Walh",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "Wealh"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English Wealh",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "Valir",
        "3": "",
        "4": "Gauls, Frenchmen"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse Valir (“Gauls, Frenchmen”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "Gallia"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin Gallia",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French Gaule (“Gaul”), from Middle French Gaule (“Gaul”), from Old French Gaule, Waulle (“Gaul”, a term used to translate unrelated Latin Gallia (“Gaul”)), from Frankish *Walha(land) (“Gaul, Land of the Romans, foreigners”), from Proto-West Germanic *walh (“foreigner, Roman, Celt”), from Proto-Germanic *walhaz (“an outlander, foreigner, Celt”), probably of Celtic origin, from the same source as Latin Volcae (name of a Celtic tribe in South Germany, which later emigrated to Gaul).\nAkin to Old High German Walh, Walah (“a Celt, Roman, Gaul”), Old English Wealh, Walh (“a non-Germanic foreigner, Celt/Briton/Welshman”), Old Norse Valir (“Gauls, Frenchmen”). More at Wales/Welsh, Cornwall, Walloon, and Vlach/Wallachia.\nDespite their similar appearance, Latin Gallia is not the origin of French Gaule. During the evolution from Latin to French, stressed initial /ˈɡa-/ yielded /dʒa/ > /ʒa/ (cf. Latin gamba > French jambe), while unstressed final /-lia/ yielded /ʎə/ > /j/ (cf. Latin filia > French fille). Thus, the regular outcome of Latin Gallia is /ʒaj/ ⟨Jaille⟩, which is attested in several French toponyms: La Jaille-Yvon, Saint-Mars-la-Jaille, etc.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "Gaul",
      "name": "en-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Historical and traditional regions",
          "orig": "en:Historical and traditional regions",
          "parents": [
            "Places",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A historical region roughly corresponding to modern France, Luxembourg, Belgium, most of Switzerland, and parts of Northern Italy (Lombardy), the Netherlands, and Germany west of the Rhine."
      ],
      "id": "en-Gaul-en-name-J5fvyStl",
      "links": [
        [
          "France",
          "France"
        ],
        [
          "Luxembourg",
          "Luxembourg"
        ],
        [
          "Belgium",
          "Belgium"
        ],
        [
          "Switzerland",
          "Switzerland"
        ],
        [
          "Lombardy",
          "Lombardy"
        ],
        [
          "Netherlands",
          "Netherlands"
        ],
        [
          "Germany",
          "Germany"
        ],
        [
          "Rhine",
          "Rhine"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(chiefly historical) A historical region roughly corresponding to modern France, Luxembourg, Belgium, most of Switzerland, and parts of Northern Italy (Lombardy), the Netherlands, and Germany west of the Rhine."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "code": "af",
          "lang": "Afrikaans",
          "sense": "region",
          "word": "Gallië"
        },
        {
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "bilād al-ḡāl",
          "sense": "region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "plural"
          ],
          "word": "بِلَاد الْغَال"
        },
        {
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "region",
          "word": "Qalliya"
        },
        {
          "code": "br",
          "lang": "Breton",
          "sense": "region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Galia"
        },
        {
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Gàl·lia"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "Gāolú",
          "sense": "region",
          "word": "高卢"
        },
        {
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Galie"
        },
        {
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "region",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Gallien"
        },
        {
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "region",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Gallië"
        },
        {
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "region",
          "word": "Gaŭlio"
        },
        {
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "region",
          "word": "Gaŭlujo"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "region",
          "word": "Gallia"
        },
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Gaule"
        },
        {
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "galia",
          "sense": "region",
          "word": "გალია"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "region",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Gallien"
        },
        {
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "Galatía",
          "sense": "region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Γαλατία"
        },
        {
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "Galatía",
          "sense": "region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Γαλατία"
        },
        {
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "roman": "Gallía",
          "sense": "region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "גַּלִּיָּה"
        },
        {
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "An Ghaill"
        },
        {
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "region",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Gall"
        },
        {
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Gallia"
        },
        {
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "garia",
          "sense": "region",
          "word": "ガリア"
        },
        {
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Gallia"
        },
        {
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Gallija"
        },
        {
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "region",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Gallia"
        },
        {
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "region",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Gallia"
        },
        {
          "code": "fro",
          "lang": "Old French",
          "sense": "region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Gaulle"
        },
        {
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "gâliyâ",
          "sense": "region",
          "word": "گالیا"
        },
        {
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "gâl",
          "sense": "region",
          "word": "گال"
        },
        {
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Galia"
        },
        {
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Gália"
        },
        {
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Galia"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "Gállija",
          "sense": "region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Га́ллия"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Galia"
        },
        {
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "region",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Gallien"
        },
        {
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "region",
          "word": "Galya"
        },
        {
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "Hálija",
          "sense": "region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Га́лія"
        },
        {
          "code": "uz",
          "lang": "Uzbek",
          "sense": "region",
          "word": "Galliya"
        },
        {
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Gâl"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡɔːl/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-Gaul.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Gaul.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Gaul.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Gaul.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Gaul.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡɑl/",
      "tags": [
        "cot-caught-merger"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔːl"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "gall"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Gaul"
  ],
  "word": "Gaul"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
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      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "Gaule",
        "4": "",
        "5": "Gaul"
      },
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      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "Gaule",
        "4": "",
        "5": "Gaul"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French Gaule (“Gaul”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "Gaule",
        "4": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old French Gaule",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "Gallia",
        "t": "Gaul"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin Gallia (“Gaul”)",
      "name": "noncog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "*Walhaland",
        "4": "*Walha(land)",
        "5": "Gaul, Land of the Romans, foreigners"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish *Walha(land) (“Gaul, Land of the Romans, foreigners”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*walh",
        "4": "",
        "5": "foreigner, Roman, Celt"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *walh (“foreigner, Roman, Celt”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*walhaz",
        "4": "",
        "5": "an outlander, foreigner, Celt"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *walhaz (“an outlander, foreigner, Celt”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "cel"
      },
      "expansion": "Celtic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "Volcae",
        "3": "",
        "pos": "name of a Celtic tribe in South Germany, which later emigrated to Gaul"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin Volcae (name of a Celtic tribe in South Germany, which later emigrated to Gaul)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "Walh"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German Walh",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "Wealh"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English Wealh",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "Valir",
        "3": "",
        "4": "Gauls, Frenchmen"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse Valir (“Gauls, Frenchmen”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "Gallia"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin Gallia",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French Gaule (“Gaul”), from Middle French Gaule (“Gaul”), from Old French Gaule, Waulle (“Gaul”, a term used to translate unrelated Latin Gallia (“Gaul”)), from Frankish *Walha(land) (“Gaul, Land of the Romans, foreigners”), from Proto-West Germanic *walh (“foreigner, Roman, Celt”), from Proto-Germanic *walhaz (“an outlander, foreigner, Celt”), probably of Celtic origin, from the same source as Latin Volcae (name of a Celtic tribe in South Germany, which later emigrated to Gaul).\nAkin to Old High German Walh, Walah (“a Celt, Roman, Gaul”), Old English Wealh, Walh (“a non-Germanic foreigner, Celt/Briton/Welshman”), Old Norse Valir (“Gauls, Frenchmen”). More at Wales/Welsh, Cornwall, Walloon, and Vlach/Wallachia.\nDespite their similar appearance, Latin Gallia is not the origin of French Gaule. During the evolution from Latin to French, stressed initial /ˈɡa-/ yielded /dʒa/ > /ʒa/ (cf. Latin gamba > French jambe), while unstressed final /-lia/ yielded /ʎə/ > /j/ (cf. Latin filia > French fille). Thus, the regular outcome of Latin Gallia is /ʒaj/ ⟨Jaille⟩, which is attested in several French toponyms: La Jaille-Yvon, Saint-Mars-la-Jaille, etc.",
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      "form": "Gauls",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
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      "args": {},
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      "categories": [
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          "orig": "en:Celtic tribes",
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            "Earth",
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            "Proper nouns",
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            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
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          "source": "w"
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          "_dis": "38 62",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
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          "_dis": "16 84",
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          "_dis": "14 86",
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          "name": "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
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        {
          "_dis": "37 63",
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          "name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 82",
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          "name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 86",
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          "name": "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 86",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Breton translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 79",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 76",
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          "name": "Terms with Czech translations",
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        {
          "_dis": "12 88",
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          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
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          "_dis": "11 89",
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          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
          "_dis": "16 84",
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          "_dis": "14 86",
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          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 92",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with French translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
          "_dis": "16 84",
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          "name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 83",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with German translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
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          "_dis": "15 85",
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          "_dis": "18 82",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
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          "_dis": "13 87",
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        {
          "_dis": "21 79",
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          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
          "_dis": "8 92",
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          "_dis": "8 92",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
          "_dis": "8 92",
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          "name": "Terms with Latin translations",
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        {
          "_dis": "11 89",
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        {
          "_dis": "13 87",
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        },
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          "_dis": "21 79",
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          "name": "Terms with Old French translations",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 78",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Old Irish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 88",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Persian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 77",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Polish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 85",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 87",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 92",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Russian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 92",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 82",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 83",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 82",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 86",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Uzbek translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 90",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
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          "kind": "topical",
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          "name": "Demonyms",
          "orig": "en:Demonyms",
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            "People",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
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        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
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      ],
      "id": "en-Gaul-en-noun-fvSLV2oU",
      "links": [
        [
          "Gaul",
          "Gaul#Proper noun"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "Gaulish"
        }
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "code": "af",
          "lang": "Afrikaans",
          "sense": "person",
          "word": "Gallileër"
        },
        {
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ḡāliyy",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "غَالِيّ"
        },
        {
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ḡāliyya",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "غَالِيَّة"
        },
        {
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "person",
          "word": "qall"
        },
        {
          "code": "br",
          "lang": "Breton",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Galian"
        },
        {
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "gal"
        },
        {
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "gal·la"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "gāolúrén",
          "sense": "person",
          "word": "高卢人"
        },
        {
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Gal"
        },
        {
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "galler"
        },
        {
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Galliër"
        },
        {
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Gallische"
        },
        {
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "person",
          "word": "gaŭlo"
        },
        {
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "gaŭlino"
        },
        {
          "code": "fo",
          "lang": "Faroese",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "galli"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "person",
          "word": "gallialainen"
        },
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Gaulois"
        },
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Gauloise"
        },
        {
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "galeli",
          "sense": "person",
          "word": "გალელი"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Gallier"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Gallierin"
        },
        {
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "Galátis",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Γαλάτης"
        },
        {
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "Galátissa",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Γαλάτισσα"
        },
        {
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "Galátēs",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Γαλάτης"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "person",
          "word": "gall"
        },
        {
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Gallach"
        },
        {
          "code": "sga",
          "lang": "Old Irish",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Gall"
        },
        {
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Gallus"
        },
        {
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Galla"
        },
        {
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "galls"
        },
        {
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "galliete"
        },
        {
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine",
            "plural"
          ],
          "word": "galli"
        },
        {
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "galler"
        },
        {
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "gallar"
        },
        {
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Gal"
        },
        {
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Galijka"
        },
        {
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "gaulês"
        },
        {
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "gaulesa"
        },
        {
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "gal"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "gall",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "галл"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "galo"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "gala"
        },
        {
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "galler"
        },
        {
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "person",
          "word": "Galyalı"
        },
        {
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "hal",
          "sense": "person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "гал"
        },
        {
          "code": "uz",
          "lang": "Uzbek",
          "sense": "person",
          "word": "gall"
        },
        {
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "person",
          "word": "Galiad"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡɔːl/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-Gaul.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Gaul.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Gaul.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Gaul.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Gaul.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡɑl/",
      "tags": [
        "cot-caught-merger"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔːl"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "gall"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Gauls"
  ],
  "word": "Gaul"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English proper nouns",
    "English terms borrowed from French",
    "English terms derived from Celtic languages",
    "English terms derived from Frankish",
    "English terms derived from French",
    "English terms derived from Middle French",
    "English terms derived from Old French",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "English terms with homophones",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 5 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/ɔːl",
    "Rhymes:English/ɔːl/1 syllable",
    "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
    "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
    "Terms with Arabic translations",
    "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
    "Terms with Breton translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Danish translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with Faroese translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Georgian translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Hebrew translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Irish translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Latvian translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
    "Terms with Old French translations",
    "Terms with Old Irish translations",
    "Terms with Persian translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Turkish translations",
    "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
    "Terms with Uzbek translations",
    "Terms with Welsh translations",
    "en:Demonyms"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "Gaule",
        "4": "",
        "5": "Gaul"
      },
      "expansion": "French Gaule (“Gaul”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "Gaule",
        "4": "",
        "5": "Gaul"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French Gaule (“Gaul”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "Gaule",
        "4": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old French Gaule",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "Gallia",
        "t": "Gaul"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin Gallia (“Gaul”)",
      "name": "noncog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "*Walhaland",
        "4": "*Walha(land)",
        "5": "Gaul, Land of the Romans, foreigners"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish *Walha(land) (“Gaul, Land of the Romans, foreigners”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*walh",
        "4": "",
        "5": "foreigner, Roman, Celt"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *walh (“foreigner, Roman, Celt”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*walhaz",
        "4": "",
        "5": "an outlander, foreigner, Celt"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *walhaz (“an outlander, foreigner, Celt”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "cel"
      },
      "expansion": "Celtic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "Volcae",
        "3": "",
        "pos": "name of a Celtic tribe in South Germany, which later emigrated to Gaul"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin Volcae (name of a Celtic tribe in South Germany, which later emigrated to Gaul)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "Walh"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German Walh",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "Wealh"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English Wealh",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "Valir",
        "3": "",
        "4": "Gauls, Frenchmen"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse Valir (“Gauls, Frenchmen”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "Gallia"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin Gallia",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French Gaule (“Gaul”), from Middle French Gaule (“Gaul”), from Old French Gaule, Waulle (“Gaul”, a term used to translate unrelated Latin Gallia (“Gaul”)), from Frankish *Walha(land) (“Gaul, Land of the Romans, foreigners”), from Proto-West Germanic *walh (“foreigner, Roman, Celt”), from Proto-Germanic *walhaz (“an outlander, foreigner, Celt”), probably of Celtic origin, from the same source as Latin Volcae (name of a Celtic tribe in South Germany, which later emigrated to Gaul).\nAkin to Old High German Walh, Walah (“a Celt, Roman, Gaul”), Old English Wealh, Walh (“a non-Germanic foreigner, Celt/Briton/Welshman”), Old Norse Valir (“Gauls, Frenchmen”). More at Wales/Welsh, Cornwall, Walloon, and Vlach/Wallachia.\nDespite their similar appearance, Latin Gallia is not the origin of French Gaule. During the evolution from Latin to French, stressed initial /ˈɡa-/ yielded /dʒa/ > /ʒa/ (cf. Latin gamba > French jambe), while unstressed final /-lia/ yielded /ʎə/ > /j/ (cf. Latin filia > French fille). Thus, the regular outcome of Latin Gallia is /ʒaj/ ⟨Jaille⟩, which is attested in several French toponyms: La Jaille-Yvon, Saint-Mars-la-Jaille, etc.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "Gaul",
      "name": "en-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with historical senses",
        "en:Historical and traditional regions"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A historical region roughly corresponding to modern France, Luxembourg, Belgium, most of Switzerland, and parts of Northern Italy (Lombardy), the Netherlands, and Germany west of the Rhine."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "France",
          "France"
        ],
        [
          "Luxembourg",
          "Luxembourg"
        ],
        [
          "Belgium",
          "Belgium"
        ],
        [
          "Switzerland",
          "Switzerland"
        ],
        [
          "Lombardy",
          "Lombardy"
        ],
        [
          "Netherlands",
          "Netherlands"
        ],
        [
          "Germany",
          "Germany"
        ],
        [
          "Rhine",
          "Rhine"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(chiefly historical) A historical region roughly corresponding to modern France, Luxembourg, Belgium, most of Switzerland, and parts of Northern Italy (Lombardy), the Netherlands, and Germany west of the Rhine."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡɔːl/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-Gaul.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Gaul.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Gaul.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Gaul.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Gaul.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡɑl/",
      "tags": [
        "cot-caught-merger"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔːl"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "gall"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "af",
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "sense": "region",
      "word": "Gallië"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "bilād al-ḡāl",
      "sense": "region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ],
      "word": "بِلَاد الْغَال"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "region",
      "word": "Qalliya"
    },
    {
      "code": "br",
      "lang": "Breton",
      "sense": "region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Galia"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Gàl·lia"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "Gāolú",
      "sense": "region",
      "word": "高卢"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Galie"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "region",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Gallien"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "region",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Gallië"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "region",
      "word": "Gaŭlio"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "region",
      "word": "Gaŭlujo"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "region",
      "word": "Gallia"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Gaule"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "galia",
      "sense": "region",
      "word": "გალია"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "region",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Gallien"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "Galatía",
      "sense": "region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Γαλατία"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "Galatía",
      "sense": "region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Γαλατία"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "roman": "Gallía",
      "sense": "region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "גַּלִּיָּה"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "An Ghaill"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "region",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Gall"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Gallia"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "garia",
      "sense": "region",
      "word": "ガリア"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Gallia"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Gallija"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "region",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Gallia"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "region",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Gallia"
    },
    {
      "code": "fro",
      "lang": "Old French",
      "sense": "region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Gaulle"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "gâliyâ",
      "sense": "region",
      "word": "گالیا"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "gâl",
      "sense": "region",
      "word": "گال"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Galia"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Gália"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Galia"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "Gállija",
      "sense": "region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Га́ллия"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Galia"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "region",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Gallien"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "region",
      "word": "Galya"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "Hálija",
      "sense": "region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Га́лія"
    },
    {
      "code": "uz",
      "lang": "Uzbek",
      "sense": "region",
      "word": "Galliya"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Gâl"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Gaul"
  ],
  "word": "Gaul"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English proper nouns",
    "English terms borrowed from French",
    "English terms derived from Celtic languages",
    "English terms derived from Frankish",
    "English terms derived from French",
    "English terms derived from Middle French",
    "English terms derived from Old French",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "English terms with homophones",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 5 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/ɔːl",
    "Rhymes:English/ɔːl/1 syllable",
    "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
    "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
    "Terms with Arabic translations",
    "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
    "Terms with Breton translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Danish translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with Faroese translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Georgian translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Hebrew translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Irish translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Latvian translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
    "Terms with Old French translations",
    "Terms with Old Irish translations",
    "Terms with Persian translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Turkish translations",
    "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
    "Terms with Uzbek translations",
    "Terms with Welsh translations",
    "en:Demonyms"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "Gaule",
        "4": "",
        "5": "Gaul"
      },
      "expansion": "French Gaule (“Gaul”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "Gaule",
        "4": "",
        "5": "Gaul"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French Gaule (“Gaul”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "Gaule",
        "4": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old French Gaule",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "Gallia",
        "t": "Gaul"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin Gallia (“Gaul”)",
      "name": "noncog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "*Walhaland",
        "4": "*Walha(land)",
        "5": "Gaul, Land of the Romans, foreigners"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish *Walha(land) (“Gaul, Land of the Romans, foreigners”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*walh",
        "4": "",
        "5": "foreigner, Roman, Celt"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *walh (“foreigner, Roman, Celt”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*walhaz",
        "4": "",
        "5": "an outlander, foreigner, Celt"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *walhaz (“an outlander, foreigner, Celt”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "cel"
      },
      "expansion": "Celtic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "Volcae",
        "3": "",
        "pos": "name of a Celtic tribe in South Germany, which later emigrated to Gaul"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin Volcae (name of a Celtic tribe in South Germany, which later emigrated to Gaul)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "Walh"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German Walh",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "Wealh"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English Wealh",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "Valir",
        "3": "",
        "4": "Gauls, Frenchmen"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse Valir (“Gauls, Frenchmen”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "Gallia"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin Gallia",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French Gaule (“Gaul”), from Middle French Gaule (“Gaul”), from Old French Gaule, Waulle (“Gaul”, a term used to translate unrelated Latin Gallia (“Gaul”)), from Frankish *Walha(land) (“Gaul, Land of the Romans, foreigners”), from Proto-West Germanic *walh (“foreigner, Roman, Celt”), from Proto-Germanic *walhaz (“an outlander, foreigner, Celt”), probably of Celtic origin, from the same source as Latin Volcae (name of a Celtic tribe in South Germany, which later emigrated to Gaul).\nAkin to Old High German Walh, Walah (“a Celt, Roman, Gaul”), Old English Wealh, Walh (“a non-Germanic foreigner, Celt/Briton/Welshman”), Old Norse Valir (“Gauls, Frenchmen”). More at Wales/Welsh, Cornwall, Walloon, and Vlach/Wallachia.\nDespite their similar appearance, Latin Gallia is not the origin of French Gaule. During the evolution from Latin to French, stressed initial /ˈɡa-/ yielded /dʒa/ > /ʒa/ (cf. Latin gamba > French jambe), while unstressed final /-lia/ yielded /ʎə/ > /j/ (cf. Latin filia > French fille). Thus, the regular outcome of Latin Gallia is /ʒaj/ ⟨Jaille⟩, which is attested in several French toponyms: La Jaille-Yvon, Saint-Mars-la-Jaille, etc.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Gauls",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "Gaul (plural Gauls)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "Gaulish"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Celtic tribes"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A person from Gaul."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Gaul",
          "Gaul#Proper noun"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡɔːl/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-Gaul.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Gaul.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Gaul.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Gaul.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Gaul.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡɑl/",
      "tags": [
        "cot-caught-merger"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔːl"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "gall"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "af",
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "sense": "person",
      "word": "Gallileër"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ḡāliyy",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "غَالِيّ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ḡāliyya",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "غَالِيَّة"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "person",
      "word": "qall"
    },
    {
      "code": "br",
      "lang": "Breton",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Galian"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gal"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "gal·la"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "gāolúrén",
      "sense": "person",
      "word": "高卢人"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Gal"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "galler"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Galliër"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Gallische"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "person",
      "word": "gaŭlo"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "gaŭlino"
    },
    {
      "code": "fo",
      "lang": "Faroese",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "galli"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "person",
      "word": "gallialainen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Gaulois"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Gauloise"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "galeli",
      "sense": "person",
      "word": "გალელი"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Gallier"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Gallierin"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "Galátis",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Γαλάτης"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "Galátissa",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Γαλάτισσα"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "Galátēs",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Γαλάτης"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "person",
      "word": "gall"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Gallach"
    },
    {
      "code": "sga",
      "lang": "Old Irish",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Gall"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Gallus"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Galla"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "galls"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "galliete"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ],
      "word": "galli"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "galler"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gallar"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Gal"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Galijka"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gaulês"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "gaulesa"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gal"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "gall",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "галл"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "galo"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "gala"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "galler"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "person",
      "word": "Galyalı"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "hal",
      "sense": "person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "гал"
    },
    {
      "code": "uz",
      "lang": "Uzbek",
      "sense": "person",
      "word": "gall"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "person",
      "word": "Galiad"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Gauls"
  ],
  "word": "Gaul"
}

Download raw JSONL data for Gaul meaning in English (20.5kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.