See 堅持 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "fàngqì",
"sense": "antonym(s) of “to persist with”",
"word": "放棄"
},
{
"roman": "fàngqì",
"sense": "antonym(s) of “to persist with”",
"word": "放弃"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiānchíbùxiè",
"word": "堅持不懈"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiānchíbùxiè",
"word": "坚持不懈"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "坚持",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "堅持",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "bǎochí",
"word": "保持"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "wéichí",
"word": "維持"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "wéichí",
"word": "维持"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "to keep going; to carry on",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"roman": "jiānchí xiàqù",
"text": "堅持下去",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "to keep going; to carry on",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"roman": "jiānchí xiàqù",
"text": "坚持下去",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
3,
7
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
8,
15
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
2,
4
]
],
"english": "to keep working despite being ill",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"roman": "dàibìng jiānchí gōngzuò",
"text": "帶病堅持工作",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
3,
7
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
8,
15
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
2,
4
]
],
"english": "to keep working despite being ill",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"roman": "dàibìng jiānchí gōngzuò",
"text": "带病坚持工作",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
11
],
[
47,
58
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "Persistence is victory; Success belongs to the persevering.",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"roman": "Jiānchí jiùshì shènglì.",
"text": "堅持就是勝利。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
11
],
[
47,
58
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "Persistence is victory; Success belongs to the persevering.",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"roman": "Jiānchí jiùshì shènglì.",
"text": "坚持就是胜利。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to insist on; to persist with; to keep on (doing something); to stick to; to stick with; to persevere"
],
"id": "en-堅持-zh-verb-WkpJOKqK",
"links": [
[
"insist",
"insist"
],
[
"persist",
"persist"
],
[
"keep",
"keep"
],
[
"stick to",
"stick to"
],
[
"stick with",
"stick with"
],
[
"persevere",
"persevere"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 73",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Beginning Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 79",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 62 13 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 76 8 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
3,
9
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "to uphold the truth",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"roman": "jiānchí zhēnlǐ",
"text": "堅持真理",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
3,
9
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "to uphold the truth",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"roman": "jiānchí zhēnlǐ",
"text": "坚持真理",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
3,
9
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "to uphold principles",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"roman": "jiānchí yuánzé",
"text": "堅持原則",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
3,
9
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "to uphold principles",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"roman": "jiānchí yuánzé",
"text": "坚持原则",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
12,
18
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
17,
24
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
8
]
],
"english": "You need to assert yourself more.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"roman": "Nǐ xūyào jìnyībù jiānchí zìjǐ de xiǎngfǎ.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "你需要進一步堅持自己的想法。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
12,
18
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
17,
24
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
8
]
],
"english": "You need to assert yourself more.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"roman": "Nǐ xūyào jìnyībù jiānchí zìjǐ de xiǎngfǎ.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "你需要进一步坚持自己的想法。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to uphold; to assert; to stick up for; to safeguard; to protect; to maintain"
],
"id": "en-堅持-zh-verb-1Vds5ZPo",
"links": [
[
"uphold",
"uphold"
],
[
"assert",
"assert"
],
[
"stick up",
"stick up"
],
[
"safeguard",
"safeguard"
],
[
"protect",
"protect"
],
[
"maintain",
"maintain"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jiānchí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄢ ㄔˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gin¹ ci⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kiên-chhṳ̀"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kiân-chhṳ̀"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kian-chhî"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kian-tî"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "giang¹ ti⁵"
},
{
"zh-pron": "¹ci-zy₆"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jiānchí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄢ ㄔˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jianchíh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "chien¹-chʻih²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jyān-chŕ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jianchyr"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "цзяньчи"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "czjanʹči"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gīn chìh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gin¹ tsi⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gin¹ qi⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiːn⁵⁵ t͡sʰiː²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kiên-chhṳ̀"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gien^ˊ cii^ˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gian¹ ci²"
},
{
"ipa": "/ki̯en²⁴ t͡sʰɨ¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh-pron": "kiân-chhṳ̀"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "gian^ˊ cii^ˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka"
],
"zh-pron": "gian¹ ci²"
},
{
"ipa": "/ki̯an²⁴ t͡sʰɨ¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kian-tshî"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kienchii"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰi²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn³³ t͡sʰi²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰi¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰi²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰi²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Min-Nan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kian-tî"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kiendii"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² ti¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kiang thî"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiaŋ³³⁻²³ tʰi⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Wugniu"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹ci-zy₆"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"MiniDict"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "ci^平 zy^去"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹ji-zr₃"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ zz̩²¹/",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Wu"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiːn⁵⁵ t͡sʰiː²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ki̯en²⁴ t͡sʰɨ¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ki̯an²⁴ t͡sʰɨ¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰi²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn³³ t͡sʰi²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰi¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰi²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰi²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² ti¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiaŋ³³⁻²³ tʰi⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ zz̩²¹/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "bǎo",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "保"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "保庇"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "bǎohù",
"word": "保護"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "bǎohù",
"word": "保护"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "bǎozhàng",
"word": "保障"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yǎnhù",
"word": "掩護"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yǎnhù",
"word": "掩护"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "wéichí",
"word": "維持"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "wéichí",
"word": "维持"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "wéihù",
"word": "維護"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "wéihù",
"word": "维护"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "bìhù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "蔽護"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "bìhù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "蔽护"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "hù",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "護"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "hù",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "护"
}
],
"word": "堅持"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "fàngqì",
"sense": "antonym(s) of “to persist with”",
"word": "放棄"
},
{
"roman": "fàngqì",
"sense": "antonym(s) of “to persist with”",
"word": "放弃"
}
],
"categories": [
"Beginning Mandarin",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms spelled with 堅",
"Chinese terms spelled with 持",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "jiānchíbùxiè",
"word": "堅持不懈"
},
{
"roman": "jiānchíbùxiè",
"word": "坚持不懈"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "坚持",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "堅持",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"roman": "bǎochí",
"word": "保持"
},
{
"roman": "wéichí",
"word": "維持"
},
{
"roman": "wéichí",
"word": "维持"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "to keep going; to carry on",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"roman": "jiānchí xiàqù",
"text": "堅持下去",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "to keep going; to carry on",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"roman": "jiānchí xiàqù",
"text": "坚持下去",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
3,
7
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
8,
15
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
2,
4
]
],
"english": "to keep working despite being ill",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"roman": "dàibìng jiānchí gōngzuò",
"text": "帶病堅持工作",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
3,
7
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
8,
15
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
2,
4
]
],
"english": "to keep working despite being ill",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"roman": "dàibìng jiānchí gōngzuò",
"text": "带病坚持工作",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
11
],
[
47,
58
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "Persistence is victory; Success belongs to the persevering.",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"roman": "Jiānchí jiùshì shènglì.",
"text": "堅持就是勝利。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
11
],
[
47,
58
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "Persistence is victory; Success belongs to the persevering.",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"roman": "Jiānchí jiùshì shènglì.",
"text": "坚持就是胜利。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to insist on; to persist with; to keep on (doing something); to stick to; to stick with; to persevere"
],
"links": [
[
"insist",
"insist"
],
[
"persist",
"persist"
],
[
"keep",
"keep"
],
[
"stick to",
"stick to"
],
[
"stick with",
"stick with"
],
[
"persevere",
"persevere"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
3,
9
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "to uphold the truth",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"roman": "jiānchí zhēnlǐ",
"text": "堅持真理",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
3,
9
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "to uphold the truth",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"roman": "jiānchí zhēnlǐ",
"text": "坚持真理",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
3,
9
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "to uphold principles",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"roman": "jiānchí yuánzé",
"text": "堅持原則",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
3,
9
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "to uphold principles",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"roman": "jiānchí yuánzé",
"text": "坚持原则",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
12,
18
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
17,
24
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
8
]
],
"english": "You need to assert yourself more.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"roman": "Nǐ xūyào jìnyībù jiānchí zìjǐ de xiǎngfǎ.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "你需要進一步堅持自己的想法。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
12,
18
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
17,
24
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
8
]
],
"english": "You need to assert yourself more.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"roman": "Nǐ xūyào jìnyībù jiānchí zìjǐ de xiǎngfǎ.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "你需要进一步坚持自己的想法。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to uphold; to assert; to stick up for; to safeguard; to protect; to maintain"
],
"links": [
[
"uphold",
"uphold"
],
[
"assert",
"assert"
],
[
"stick up",
"stick up"
],
[
"safeguard",
"safeguard"
],
[
"protect",
"protect"
],
[
"maintain",
"maintain"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jiānchí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄢ ㄔˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gin¹ ci⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kiên-chhṳ̀"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kiân-chhṳ̀"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kian-chhî"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kian-tî"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "giang¹ ti⁵"
},
{
"zh-pron": "¹ci-zy₆"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jiānchí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄢ ㄔˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jianchíh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "chien¹-chʻih²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jyān-chŕ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jianchyr"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "цзяньчи"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "czjanʹči"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gīn chìh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gin¹ tsi⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gin¹ qi⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiːn⁵⁵ t͡sʰiː²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kiên-chhṳ̀"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gien^ˊ cii^ˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gian¹ ci²"
},
{
"ipa": "/ki̯en²⁴ t͡sʰɨ¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh-pron": "kiân-chhṳ̀"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "gian^ˊ cii^ˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka"
],
"zh-pron": "gian¹ ci²"
},
{
"ipa": "/ki̯an²⁴ t͡sʰɨ¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kian-tshî"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kienchii"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰi²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn³³ t͡sʰi²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰi¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰi²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰi²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Min-Nan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kian-tî"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kiendii"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² ti¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kiang thî"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiaŋ³³⁻²³ tʰi⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Wugniu"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹ci-zy₆"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"MiniDict"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "ci^平 zy^去"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹ji-zr₃"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ zz̩²¹/",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Wu"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiːn⁵⁵ t͡sʰiː²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ki̯en²⁴ t͡sʰɨ¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ki̯an²⁴ t͡sʰɨ¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰi²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn³³ t͡sʰi²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰi¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰi²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰi²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² ti¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiaŋ³³⁻²³ tʰi⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ zz̩²¹/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "bǎo",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "保"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "保庇"
},
{
"roman": "bǎohù",
"word": "保護"
},
{
"roman": "bǎohù",
"word": "保护"
},
{
"roman": "bǎozhàng",
"word": "保障"
},
{
"roman": "yǎnhù",
"word": "掩護"
},
{
"roman": "yǎnhù",
"word": "掩护"
},
{
"roman": "wéichí",
"word": "維持"
},
{
"roman": "wéichí",
"word": "维持"
},
{
"roman": "wéihù",
"word": "維護"
},
{
"roman": "wéihù",
"word": "维护"
},
{
"roman": "bìhù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "蔽護"
},
{
"roman": "bìhù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "蔽护"
},
{
"roman": "hù",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "護"
},
{
"roman": "hù",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "护"
}
],
"word": "堅持"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 堅持 meaning in Chinese (9.5kB)
{
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"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)'",
"path": [
"堅持"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "堅持",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"堅持"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "堅持",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu)'",
"path": [
"堅持"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "堅持",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/2196",
"msg": "parse_linkage_recurse unhandled NodeKind.URL: <URL(['https://wiki.local/w/index.php?action=edit&title=Thesaurus%3A%E7%B6%AD%E8%AD%B7'], ['edit']){} >",
"path": [
"堅持"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "堅持",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-07-20 using wiktextract (ed078bd and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.