"曾經" meaning in Chinese

See 曾經 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adverb

IPA: /t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /t͡sʰɐŋ²¹ kɪŋ⁵⁵/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /t͡sʰen¹¹ kin²⁴/ [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sinological-IPA, Sixian], /t͡sʰɛn¹¹ kin⁴⁴/ [Hakka, Meixian, Sinological-IPA], /t͡siɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /t͡siɪŋ²⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ⁴⁴/ [Hokkien, Xiamen], /t͡siɪŋ²³⁻³³ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /t͡sŋ̍²⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ³³/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ⁴⁴/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /t͡san⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung, Taipei], /t͡seŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ keŋ³³/ [Sinological-IPA, Teochew], /t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/, /t͡sʰɐŋ²¹ kɪŋ⁵⁵/, /t͡sʰen¹¹ kin²⁴/, /t͡sʰɛn¹¹ kin⁴⁴/, /t͡siɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡siɪŋ²⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡siɪŋ²³⁻³³ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡sŋ̍²⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ³³/, /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡san⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡seŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ keŋ³³/ Chinese transliterations: céngjīng [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄘㄥˊ ㄐㄧㄥ [Mandarin, bopomofo], cang⁴ ging¹ [Cantonese, Jyutping], chhèn-kîn [Hakka, PFS, Sixian], cên² gin¹ [Guangdong, Hakka, Meixian], chêng-keng [Hokkien, POJ], chn̂g-keng [Hokkien, POJ], cheng-keng [Hokkien, POJ], chan-keng [Hokkien, POJ], zêng⁵ gêng¹ [Peng'im, Teochew], céngjīng [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], céngjing [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], tsʻêng²-ching¹ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], tséng-jīng [Mandarin, Yale], tserngjing [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], цэнцзин [Mandarin, Palladius], cɛnczin [Mandarin, Palladius], chàhng gīng [Cantonese, Yale], tsang⁴ ging¹ [Cantonese, Pinyin], ceng⁴ ging¹ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], chhèn-kîn [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Phak-fa-su, Sixian], cenˇ gin´ [Hakka, Hakka-Romanization-System, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], cen² gin¹ [Hagfa-Pinyim, Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], tsîng-king [Hokkien, Tai-lo], zengkefng [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], tsn̂g-king [Hokkien, Tai-lo], zngkefng [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], tsing-king [Hokkien, Tai-lo], tsan-king [Hokkien, Tai-lo], zankefng [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], tsêng keng [POJ, Teochew]
Head templates: {{head|zh|adverb}} 曾經
  1. once; before; used to; in the past Categories (topical): Past
    Sense id: en-曾經-zh-adv-39cUxhLZ Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header, Elementary Mandarin Synonyms: 上早 [Hakka], 以前 (yǐqián), 先前 (xiānqián), 先行 (xiānxíng) [literary], 其先 (qíxiān) [literary], 前往 (qiánwǎng) [literary], 原在 [Hakka], 古者 (gǔzhě) [archaic], 向來 (xiànglái) [archaic], 向来 (xiànglái) [archaic], (cháng) (english: or used in compounds) [literary], (cháng) (english: or used in compounds) [literary], 在前 (zàiqián), 家先 [Hakka], 往擺 [Hakka, Hokkien], 往摆 [Hakka, Hokkien], 往擺仔 [Hokkien], 往摆仔 [Hokkien], 往者 (wǎngzhě) [literary], 往過 [Hokkien], 往过 [Hokkien], 往過仔 [Hokkien], 往过仔 [Hokkien], 從前 (cóngqián), 从前 (cóngqián), 早先 (zǎoxiān), 早年所 [Hokkien], 早時 [Hokkien], 早时 [Hokkien], 昔日 (xīrì) [literary], 昔時 (xīshí) [literary], 昔时 (xīshí) [literary], , 當初 (dāngchū), 当初 (dāngchū), 舊擺 [Hokkien, Singapore], 旧摆 [Hokkien, Singapore], 舊早 [Hokkien, Singapore], 旧早 [Hokkien, Singapore], 過前 [Hainanese], 过前 [Hainanese]

Download JSON data for 曾經 meaning in Chinese (6.5kB)

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adverb"
      },
      "expansion": "曾經",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Elementary Mandarin",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Past",
          "orig": "zh:Past",
          "parents": [
            "Time",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I used to be the teacher's most beloved student.",
          "ref": "我曾經是老師最心疼的學生。 [MSC, trad.]",
          "text": "我曾经是老师最心疼的学生。 [MSC, simp.]\nWǒ céngjīng shì lǎoshī zuì xīnténg de xuéshēng. [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "once; before; used to; in the past"
      ],
      "id": "en-曾經-zh-adv-39cUxhLZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "once",
          "once"
        ],
        [
          "before",
          "before"
        ],
        [
          "used to",
          "used to"
        ],
        [
          "past",
          "past"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hakka"
          ],
          "word": "上早"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yǐqián",
          "word": "以前"
        },
        {
          "roman": "xiānqián",
          "word": "先前"
        },
        {
          "roman": "xiānxíng",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "先行"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qíxiān",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "其先"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qiánwǎng",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "前往"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hakka"
          ],
          "word": "原在"
        },
        {
          "roman": "gǔzhě",
          "tags": [
            "archaic"
          ],
          "word": "古者"
        },
        {
          "roman": "xiànglái",
          "tags": [
            "archaic"
          ],
          "word": "向來"
        },
        {
          "roman": "xiànglái",
          "tags": [
            "archaic"
          ],
          "word": "向来"
        },
        {
          "english": "or used in compounds",
          "roman": "cháng",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "嘗"
        },
        {
          "english": "or used in compounds",
          "roman": "cháng",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "尝"
        },
        {
          "roman": "zàiqián",
          "word": "在前"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hakka"
          ],
          "word": "家先"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hakka",
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "往擺"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hakka",
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "往摆"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "往擺仔"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "往摆仔"
        },
        {
          "roman": "wǎngzhě",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "往者"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "往過"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "往过"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "往過仔"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "往过仔"
        },
        {
          "roman": "cóngqián",
          "word": "從前"
        },
        {
          "roman": "cóngqián",
          "word": "从前"
        },
        {
          "roman": "zǎoxiān",
          "word": "早先"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "早年所"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "早時"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "早时"
        },
        {
          "roman": "xīrì",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "昔日"
        },
        {
          "roman": "xīshí",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "昔時"
        },
        {
          "roman": "xīshí",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "昔时"
        },
        {
          "word": "曾"
        },
        {
          "roman": "dāngchū",
          "word": "當初"
        },
        {
          "roman": "dāngchū",
          "word": "当初"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien",
            "Singapore"
          ],
          "word": "舊擺"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien",
            "Singapore"
          ],
          "word": "旧摆"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien",
            "Singapore"
          ],
          "word": "舊早"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien",
            "Singapore"
          ],
          "word": "旧早"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hainanese"
          ],
          "word": "過前"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hainanese"
          ],
          "word": "过前"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "céngjīng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄘㄥˊ ㄐㄧㄥ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cang⁴ ging¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "PFS",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chhèn-kîn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Guangdong",
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cên² gin¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chêng-keng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chn̂g-keng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cheng-keng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chan-keng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zêng⁵ gêng¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "céngjīng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "céngjing"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsʻêng²-ching¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tséng-jīng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tserngjing"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "цэнцзин"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cɛnczin"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chàhng gīng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsang⁴ ging¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ceng⁴ ging¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰɐŋ²¹ kɪŋ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chhèn-kîn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cenˇ gin´"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cen² gin¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰen¹¹ kin²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰɛn¹¹ kin⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsîng-king"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zengkefng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²³⁻³³ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsn̂g-king"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zngkefng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sŋ̍²⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsing-king"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsan-king"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zankefng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡san⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsêng keng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡seŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ keŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "other": "/ chn̂g-keng /"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰɐŋ²¹ kɪŋ⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰen¹¹ kin²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰɛn¹¹ kin⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²³⁻³³ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sŋ̍²⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡san⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡seŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ keŋ³³/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "曾經"
}
{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adverb"
      },
      "expansion": "曾經",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Cantonese adverbs",
        "Cantonese lemmas",
        "Chinese adverbs",
        "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Chinese lemmas",
        "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Elementary Mandarin",
        "Hakka adverbs",
        "Hakka lemmas",
        "Hokkien adverbs",
        "Hokkien lemmas",
        "Mandarin adverbs",
        "Mandarin lemmas",
        "Mandarin terms with audio links",
        "Mandarin terms with usage examples",
        "Teochew adverbs",
        "Teochew lemmas",
        "zh:Past"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I used to be the teacher's most beloved student.",
          "ref": "我曾經是老師最心疼的學生。 [MSC, trad.]",
          "text": "我曾经是老师最心疼的学生。 [MSC, simp.]\nWǒ céngjīng shì lǎoshī zuì xīnténg de xuéshēng. [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "once; before; used to; in the past"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "once",
          "once"
        ],
        [
          "before",
          "before"
        ],
        [
          "used to",
          "used to"
        ],
        [
          "past",
          "past"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "céngjīng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄘㄥˊ ㄐㄧㄥ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cang⁴ ging¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "PFS",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chhèn-kîn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Guangdong",
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cên² gin¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chêng-keng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chn̂g-keng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cheng-keng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chan-keng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zêng⁵ gêng¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "céngjīng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "céngjing"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsʻêng²-ching¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tséng-jīng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tserngjing"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "цэнцзин"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cɛnczin"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chàhng gīng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsang⁴ ging¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ceng⁴ ging¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰɐŋ²¹ kɪŋ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chhèn-kîn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cenˇ gin´"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cen² gin¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰen¹¹ kin²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰɛn¹¹ kin⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsîng-king"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zengkefng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²³⁻³³ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsn̂g-king"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zngkefng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sŋ̍²⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsing-king"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsan-king"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zankefng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡san⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsêng keng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡seŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ keŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "other": "/ chn̂g-keng /"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰɐŋ²¹ kɪŋ⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰen¹¹ kin²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰɛn¹¹ kin⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²³⁻³³ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sŋ̍²⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡san⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡seŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ keŋ³³/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka"
      ],
      "word": "上早"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yǐqián",
      "word": "以前"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiānqián",
      "word": "先前"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiānxíng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "先行"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qíxiān",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "其先"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiánwǎng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "前往"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka"
      ],
      "word": "原在"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gǔzhě",
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "古者"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiànglái",
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "向來"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiànglái",
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "向来"
    },
    {
      "english": "or used in compounds",
      "roman": "cháng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "嘗"
    },
    {
      "english": "or used in compounds",
      "roman": "cháng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "尝"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zàiqián",
      "word": "在前"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka"
      ],
      "word": "家先"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "往擺"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "往摆"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "往擺仔"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "往摆仔"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wǎngzhě",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "往者"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "往過"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "往过"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "往過仔"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "往过仔"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cóngqián",
      "word": "從前"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cóngqián",
      "word": "从前"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zǎoxiān",
      "word": "早先"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "早年所"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "早時"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "早时"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xīrì",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "昔日"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xīshí",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "昔時"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xīshí",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "昔时"
    },
    {
      "word": "曾"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dāngchū",
      "word": "當初"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dāngchū",
      "word": "当初"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Singapore"
      ],
      "word": "舊擺"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Singapore"
      ],
      "word": "旧摆"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Singapore"
      ],
      "word": "舊早"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Singapore"
      ],
      "word": "旧早"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hainanese"
      ],
      "word": "過前"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hainanese"
      ],
      "word": "过前"
    }
  ],
  "word": "曾經"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.