"孝" meaning in Chinese

See in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Character

IPA: /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /haːu̯³³/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /hau³³/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA, Taicheng, Taishanese], /hau̯⁵⁵/ [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sinological-IPA, Sixian], /hau⁵³/ [Hakka, Meixian, Sinological-IPA], /hɑu²¹³/ [Fuzhou, Sinological-IPA], /hɑ²¹³/ [Fuzhou, Sinological-IPA], /hau²¹/ [Hokkien, Xiamen], /ha²¹/ [Hokkien, Xiamen], /hau⁴¹/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /ha⁴¹/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /hau²¹/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /ha²¹/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /hau¹¹/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /ha¹¹/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /hau²¹/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /ha²¹/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /hau²¹³/ [Sinological-IPA, Teochew], /ha²¹³/ [Sinological-IPA, Teochew], /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/, /haːu̯³³/, /hau³³/, /hau̯⁵⁵/, /hau⁵³/, /hɑu²¹³/, /hɑ²¹³/, /hau²¹/, /ha²¹/, /hau⁴¹/, /ha⁴¹/, /hau²¹/, /ha²¹/, /hau¹¹/, /ha¹¹/, /hau²¹/, /ha²¹/, /hau²¹³/, /ha²¹³/, /hɔ³⁴/, /ɕiɔ³⁴/ Chinese transliterations: xiào [Mandarin, Pinyin], xiao⁴ [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄒㄧㄠˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo], haau³ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Jyutping], hau¹ [Cantonese, Taishan, Wiktionary-specific], hau [Hakka, PFS, Sixian], hau⁴ [Guangdong, Hakka, Meixian], háu, há, hàu [Hokkien, POJ], hà [Hokkien, POJ], hao³ [Peng'im, Teochew], ha³ [Peng'im, Teochew], ⁵hau; ⁵shiau, xiào [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], siào [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], hsiao⁴ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], syàu [Mandarin, Yale], shiaw [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], сяо [Mandarin, Palladius], sjao [Mandarin, Palladius], haau³ [Cantonese, Jyutping], haau [Cantonese, Yale], haau³ [Cantonese, Pinyin], hao³ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], hau¹ [Cantonese, Taicheng, Taishanese, Wiktionary-specific], hau [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Phak-fa-su, Sixian], hau [Hakka, Hakka-Romanization-System, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], hau⁴ [Hagfa-Pinyim, Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], háu [Foochow-Romanized, Fuzhou], há [Foochow-Romanized, Fuzhou], hàu [Hokkien, Tai-lo], hà [Hokkien, Tai-lo], haux [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], hax [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], hàu [POJ, Teochew], hà [POJ, Teochew], ⁵hau; ⁵shiau [Wu], hau^去; shiau^去 [Wu], ²hau; ²xiau [Wu], /hɔ³⁴/ [Wu], /ɕiɔ³⁴/ [Wu], xaewH [Middle-Chinese], /*qʰˤuʔ-s/ [Baxter-Sagart, Old-Chinese], /*qʰruːs/ [Old-Chinese, Zhengzhang]
Etymology: Ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : 耂 (“an old man with long hair, bent over”) + 子 (“a child”) – an old man and a child, filial piety between generations. Compare top component to 老 (OC *ruːʔ, “old”). Etymology templates: {{m|zh|會意|tr=-}} 會意/会意, {{categorize|zh|Han ideogrammic compounds}}, {{liushu|ic|adj=|nocap=|pron=}} Ideogrammic compound (會意/会意), {{m|zh|耂//||an old man with long hair, bent over|tr=-}} 耂 (“an old man with long hair, bent over”), {{m|zh|子//||a child|tr=-}} 子 (“a child”), {{Han compound|耂|子|ls=ic|t1=an old man with long hair, bent over|t2=a child}} Ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : 耂 (“an old man with long hair, bent over”) + 子 (“a child”), {{och-l|老|old}} 老 (OC *ruːʔ, “old”) Head templates: {{head|zh|hanzi}} 孝
  1. to do one's filial duty; to show filial piety
    Sense id: en-孝-zh-character-iKFDcNXc
  2. filial piety; filial duty
    Sense id: en-孝-zh-character-aXaF98Gj Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 26 50 3 1 4 10 0 6
  3. mourning
    Sense id: en-孝-zh-character-rurUuPPr
  4. mourning dress
    Sense id: en-孝-zh-character-AOgI5IoK
  5. (Southern Min) to offer up sacrifices (to gods or ancestors) Tags: Min, Southern Categories (topical): Confucianism
    Sense id: en-孝-zh-character-I~NpaK4i Disambiguation of Confucianism: 9 18 12 7 23 14 0 16 Categories (other): Southern Min Chinese
  6. (Mainland China Hokkien) custom and etiquette to be observed after the death of one's seniors Tags: Hokkien, Mainland-China
    Sense id: en-孝-zh-character-XqUmgnVd Categories (other): Hokkien Chinese, Mainland China Chinese
  7. (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, vulgar, derogatory) to eat Tags: Taiwanese-Hokkien, Xiamen, Zhangzhou, derogatory, vulgar
    Sense id: en-孝-zh-character-Unr3wQmn Categories (other): Taiwanese Hokkien, Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien
  8. a surname
    Sense id: en-孝-zh-character-v2O7m9sM Categories (other): Chinese surnames
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: 孝敬 (xiàojìng) (english: to show filial respect), 孝順 (xiàoshùn), 孝顺 (xiàoshùn), 有孝 [Hokkien], 盡孝 (jìnxiào), 尽孝 (jìnxiào), 行孝 [Hakka], 孝心 (xiàoxīn), 孝悌 (xiàotì) (english: filial piety and fraternal duty), 孝情 (xiàoqíng) [literary], 孝義 (xiàoyì) (english: devotion to one's parents and loyalty to one's friends), 孝义 (xiàoyì) (english: devotion to one's parents and loyalty to one's friends), 孝行 (english: acts of filial piety), 孝道 (xiàodào) Derived forms: 不孝 (bùxiào), 不孝子, 事親至孝, 事亲至孝, 二十四孝 (Èrshísì Xiào), 仁孝, 做孝, 克敦孝行, 大逆不孝, 子孝孫賢, 子孝孙贤, 孝事, 孝先便腹, 孝南 (Xiàonán), 孝友, 孝呆 (hàu-tai) [Min-Nan], 孝堂, 孝女 (xiàonǚ), 孝子 (xiàozǐ), 孝子慈孫, 孝子慈孙, 孝子賢孫 (xiàozǐxiánsūn), 孝子贤孙 (xiàozǐxiánsūn), 孝家, 孝布, 孝幔, 孝廉 (xiàolián), 孝廉方正, 孝弟, 孝弟力田, 孝心 (xiàoxīn), 孝思, 孝悌 (xiàotì), 孝感 (xiàogǎn), 孝慈, 孝敬 (xiàojìng), 孝昌 (Xiàochāng), 孝服 (xiàofú), 孝滿, 孝满, 孝男 (xiàonán), 孝白, 孝經 (Xiàojīng), 孝经 (Xiàojīng), 孝經序, 孝经序, 孝行, 孝行可嘉, 孝衣, 孝袍, 孝親, 孝亲, 孝道 (xiàodào), 孝陵, 孝順 (xiàoshùn), 孝顺 (xiàoshùn), 孝養 (xiàoyàng), 孝养 (xiàoyàng), 孝鳥, 孝鸟, 守孝 (shǒuxiào), 帶孝 (dàixiào), 带孝 (dàixiào), 弔孝 (diàoxiào), 吊孝 (diàoxiào), 忠孝 (zhōngxiào), 忠孝兩全 (zhōngxiàoliǎngquán), 忠孝两全 (zhōngxiàoliǎngquán), 忠孝節烈, 忠孝节烈, 忠孝節義, 忠孝节义, 忠孝賢良, 忠孝贤良, 忠孝雙全, 忠孝双全, 忠臣孝子, 忤逆不孝 (wǔnì bùxiào), 愚孝 (yúxiào), 慈孫孝子, 慈孙孝子, 戴孝 (dàixiào), 披麻帶孝 (pīmádàixiào), 披麻带孝 (pīmádàixiào), 挂孝 (guàxiào), 掛孝 (guàxiào), 教孝月, 暖孝, 有孝 (yǒuxiào), 服孝, 母慈子孝, 滿孝, 满孝, 火山孝子 (huǒshān xiàozǐ), 熱孝, 热孝, 父嚴子孝, 父严子孝, 父慈子孝 (fùcízǐxiào), 盡孝 (jìnxiào), 尽孝 (jìnxiào), 秦孝公, 移孝作忠, 移孝為忠, 移孝为忠, 穿孝 (chuānxiào), 穿麻掛孝, 穿麻挂孝, 節孝 (jiéxiào), 节孝 (jiéxiào), 純孝, 纯孝, 脫孝, 脱孝, 至孝 (zhìxiào), 舉孝廉 (jǔ xiàolián), 举孝廉 (jǔ xiàolián), 行孝, 謝孝, 谢孝, 賢孝 (xiánxiào), 贤孝 (xiánxiào), 達孝, 达孝, 重孝, 除孝, 魏孝文帝

Download JSON data for 孝 meaning in Chinese (17.5kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bùxiào",
      "word": "不孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "不孝子"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "事親至孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "事亲至孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "Èrshísì Xiào",
      "word": "二十四孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "仁孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "做孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "克敦孝行"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "大逆不孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "子孝孫賢"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "子孝孙贤"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "孝事"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "孝先便腹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "Xiàonán",
      "word": "孝南"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "孝友"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "hàu-tai",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan"
      ],
      "word": "孝呆"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "孝堂"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiàonǚ",
      "word": "孝女"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiàozǐ",
      "word": "孝子"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "孝子慈孫"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "孝子慈孙"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiàozǐxiánsūn",
      "word": "孝子賢孫"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiàozǐxiánsūn",
      "word": "孝子贤孙"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "孝家"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "孝布"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "孝幔"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiàolián",
      "word": "孝廉"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "孝廉方正"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "孝弟"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "孝弟力田"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiàoxīn",
      "word": "孝心"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "孝思"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiàotì",
      "word": "孝悌"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiàogǎn",
      "word": "孝感"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "孝慈"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiàojìng",
      "word": "孝敬"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "Xiàochāng",
      "word": "孝昌"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiàofú",
      "word": "孝服"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "孝滿"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "孝满"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiàonán",
      "word": "孝男"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "孝白"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "Xiàojīng",
      "word": "孝經"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "Xiàojīng",
      "word": "孝经"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "孝經序"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "孝经序"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "孝行"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "孝行可嘉"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "孝衣"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "孝袍"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "孝親"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "孝亲"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiàodào",
      "word": "孝道"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "孝陵"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiàoshùn",
      "word": "孝順"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiàoshùn",
      "word": "孝顺"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiàoyàng",
      "word": "孝養"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiàoyàng",
      "word": "孝养"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "孝鳥"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "孝鸟"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "shǒuxiào",
      "word": "守孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dàixiào",
      "word": "帶孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dàixiào",
      "word": "带孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "diàoxiào",
      "word": "弔孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "diàoxiào",
      "word": "吊孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zhōngxiào",
      "word": "忠孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zhōngxiàoliǎngquán",
      "word": "忠孝兩全"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zhōngxiàoliǎngquán",
      "word": "忠孝两全"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "忠孝節烈"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "忠孝节烈"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "忠孝節義"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "忠孝节义"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "忠孝賢良"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "忠孝贤良"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "忠孝雙全"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "忠孝双全"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "忠臣孝子"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "wǔnì bùxiào",
      "word": "忤逆不孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yúxiào",
      "word": "愚孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "慈孫孝子"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "慈孙孝子"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dàixiào",
      "word": "戴孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "pīmádàixiào",
      "word": "披麻帶孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "pīmádàixiào",
      "word": "披麻带孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "guàxiào",
      "word": "挂孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "guàxiào",
      "word": "掛孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "教孝月"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "暖孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yǒuxiào",
      "word": "有孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "服孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "母慈子孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "滿孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "满孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "huǒshān xiàozǐ",
      "word": "火山孝子"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "熱孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "热孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "父嚴子孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "父严子孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fùcízǐxiào",
      "word": "父慈子孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jìnxiào",
      "word": "盡孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jìnxiào",
      "word": "尽孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "秦孝公"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "移孝作忠"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "移孝為忠"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "移孝为忠"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "chuānxiào",
      "word": "穿孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "穿麻掛孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "穿麻挂孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jiéxiào",
      "word": "節孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jiéxiào",
      "word": "节孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "純孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "纯孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "脫孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "脱孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zhìxiào",
      "word": "至孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jǔ xiàolián",
      "word": "舉孝廉"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jǔ xiàolián",
      "word": "举孝廉"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "行孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "謝孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "谢孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiánxiào",
      "word": "賢孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiánxiào",
      "word": "贤孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "達孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "达孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "重孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "除孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "魏孝文帝"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "會意",
        "tr": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "會意/会意",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "Han ideogrammic compounds"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "categorize"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ic",
        "adj": "",
        "nocap": "",
        "pron": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Ideogrammic compound (會意/会意)",
      "name": "liushu"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "耂//",
        "3": "",
        "4": "an old man with long hair, bent over",
        "tr": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "耂 (“an old man with long hair, bent over”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "子//",
        "3": "",
        "4": "a child",
        "tr": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "子 (“a child”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "耂",
        "2": "子",
        "ls": "ic",
        "t1": "an old man with long hair, bent over",
        "t2": "a child"
      },
      "expansion": "Ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : 耂 (“an old man with long hair, bent over”) + 子 (“a child”)",
      "name": "Han compound"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "老",
        "2": "old"
      },
      "expansion": "老 (OC *ruːʔ, “old”)",
      "name": "och-l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : 耂 (“an old man with long hair, bent over”) + 子 (“a child”) – an old man and a child, filial piety between generations. Compare top component to 老 (OC *ruːʔ, “old”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "hanzi"
      },
      "expansion": "孝",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "He whom the circle of his relatives pronounce to be filial, whom his fellow villagers and neighbors pronounce to be fraternal.",
          "ref": "宗族稱孝焉,鄉黨稱弟焉。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
          "text": "宗族称孝焉,乡党称弟焉。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version\nZōngzú chēng xiào yān, xiāngdǎng chēng tì yān. [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to do one's filial duty; to show filial piety"
      ],
      "id": "en-孝-zh-character-iKFDcNXc",
      "links": [
        [
          "filial",
          "filial"
        ],
        [
          "duty",
          "duty"
        ],
        [
          "show",
          "show"
        ],
        [
          "filial piety",
          "filial piety"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "26 50 3 1 4 10 0 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "filial piety; filial duty"
      ],
      "id": "en-孝-zh-character-aXaF98Gj",
      "links": [
        [
          "filial piety",
          "filial piety"
        ],
        [
          "filial",
          "filial"
        ],
        [
          "duty",
          "duty"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "mourning"
      ],
      "id": "en-孝-zh-character-rurUuPPr",
      "links": [
        [
          "mourning",
          "mourning"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "mourning dress"
      ],
      "id": "en-孝-zh-character-AOgI5IoK",
      "links": [
        [
          "mourning",
          "mourning"
        ],
        [
          "dress",
          "dress"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Southern Min Chinese",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 18 12 7 23 14 0 16",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Confucianism",
          "orig": "zh:Confucianism",
          "parents": [
            "Chinese philosophy",
            "Religion",
            "Philosophy",
            "Culture",
            "All topics",
            "Society",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to offer up sacrifices (to gods or ancestors)"
      ],
      "id": "en-孝-zh-character-I~NpaK4i",
      "links": [
        [
          "offer",
          "offer"
        ],
        [
          "sacrifice",
          "sacrifice"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Southern Min) to offer up sacrifices (to gods or ancestors)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min",
        "Southern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Hokkien Chinese",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Mainland China Chinese",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "custom and etiquette to be observed after the death of one's seniors"
      ],
      "id": "en-孝-zh-character-XqUmgnVd",
      "links": [
        [
          "custom",
          "custom"
        ],
        [
          "etiquette",
          "etiquette"
        ],
        [
          "observed",
          "observed"
        ],
        [
          "death",
          "death"
        ],
        [
          "seniors",
          "seniors"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Mainland China Hokkien) custom and etiquette to be observed after the death of one's seniors"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Mainland-China"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Taiwanese Hokkien",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Xiamen Hokkien",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Zhangzhou Hokkien",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to eat"
      ],
      "id": "en-孝-zh-character-Unr3wQmn",
      "links": [
        [
          "derogatory",
          "derogatory"
        ],
        [
          "eat",
          "eat"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, vulgar, derogatory) to eat"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Taiwanese-Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "derogatory",
        "vulgar"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese surnames",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a surname"
      ],
      "id": "en-孝-zh-character-v2O7m9sM",
      "links": [
        [
          "surname",
          "surname"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "xiào"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "xiao⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄠˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "haau³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hau¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "PFS",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hau"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Guangdong",
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hau⁴"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "háu"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "há"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hàu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hao³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ha³"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "⁵hau; ⁵shiau"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "xiào"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "siào"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hsiao⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "syàu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "shiaw"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "сяо"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "sjao"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "haau³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "haau"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "haau³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hao³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/haːu̯³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taicheng",
        "Taishanese",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hau¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hau³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Taicheng",
        "Taishanese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hau"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hau"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hau⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hau̯⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hau⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Foochow-Romanized",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "háu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Foochow-Romanized",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "há"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hɑu²¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hɑ²¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hàu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "haux"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hax"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hau²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ha²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hau⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ha⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hau²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ha²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hau¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ha¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hau²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ha²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hàu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hà"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hau²¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ha²¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "⁵hau; ⁵shiau"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hau^去; shiau^去"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "²hau; ²xiau"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/hɔ³⁴/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/ɕiɔ³⁴/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "xaewH"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Baxter-Sagart",
        "Old-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*qʰˤuʔ-s/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*qʰruːs/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/haːu̯³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hau³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hau̯⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hau⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hɑu²¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hɑ²¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hau²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ha²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hau⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ha⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hau²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ha²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hau¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ha¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hau²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ha²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hau²¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ha²¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hɔ³⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɕiɔ³⁴/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*qʰˤuʔ-s/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*qʰruːs/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to show filial respect",
      "roman": "xiàojìng",
      "word": "孝敬"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiàoshùn",
      "word": "孝順"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiàoshùn",
      "word": "孝顺"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "有孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jìnxiào",
      "word": "盡孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jìnxiào",
      "word": "尽孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka"
      ],
      "word": "行孝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiàoxīn",
      "word": "孝心"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "filial piety and fraternal duty",
      "roman": "xiàotì",
      "word": "孝悌"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiàoqíng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "孝情"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "devotion to one's parents and loyalty to one's friends",
      "roman": "xiàoyì",
      "word": "孝義"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "devotion to one's parents and loyalty to one's friends",
      "roman": "xiàoyì",
      "word": "孝义"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "acts of filial piety",
      "word": "孝行"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiàodào",
      "word": "孝道"
    }
  ],
  "word": "孝"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Chinese Han characters",
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese nouns",
    "Chinese proper nouns",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Chinese verbs",
    "Eastern Min lemmas",
    "Eastern Min nouns",
    "Eastern Min proper nouns",
    "Eastern Min verbs",
    "Middle Chinese lemmas",
    "Old Chinese lemmas",
    "Pages with raw sortkeys",
    "zh:Confucianism"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "bùxiào",
      "word": "不孝"
    },
    {
      "word": "不孝子"
    },
    {
      "word": "事親至孝"
    },
    {
      "word": "事亲至孝"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Èrshísì Xiào",
      "word": "二十四孝"
    },
    {
      "word": "仁孝"
    },
    {
      "word": "做孝"
    },
    {
      "word": "克敦孝行"
    },
    {
      "word": "大逆不孝"
    },
    {
      "word": "子孝孫賢"
    },
    {
      "word": "子孝孙贤"
    },
    {
      "word": "孝事"
    },
    {
      "word": "孝先便腹"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Xiàonán",
      "word": "孝南"
    },
    {
      "word": "孝友"
    },
    {
      "roman": "hàu-tai",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan"
      ],
      "word": "孝呆"
    },
    {
      "word": "孝堂"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiàonǚ",
      "word": "孝女"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiàozǐ",
      "word": "孝子"
    },
    {
      "word": "孝子慈孫"
    },
    {
      "word": "孝子慈孙"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiàozǐxiánsūn",
      "word": "孝子賢孫"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiàozǐxiánsūn",
      "word": "孝子贤孙"
    },
    {
      "word": "孝家"
    },
    {
      "word": "孝布"
    },
    {
      "word": "孝幔"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiàolián",
      "word": "孝廉"
    },
    {
      "word": "孝廉方正"
    },
    {
      "word": "孝弟"
    },
    {
      "word": "孝弟力田"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiàoxīn",
      "word": "孝心"
    },
    {
      "word": "孝思"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiàotì",
      "word": "孝悌"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiàogǎn",
      "word": "孝感"
    },
    {
      "word": "孝慈"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiàojìng",
      "word": "孝敬"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Xiàochāng",
      "word": "孝昌"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiàofú",
      "word": "孝服"
    },
    {
      "word": "孝滿"
    },
    {
      "word": "孝满"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiàonán",
      "word": "孝男"
    },
    {
      "word": "孝白"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Xiàojīng",
      "word": "孝經"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Xiàojīng",
      "word": "孝经"
    },
    {
      "word": "孝經序"
    },
    {
      "word": "孝经序"
    },
    {
      "word": "孝行"
    },
    {
      "word": "孝行可嘉"
    },
    {
      "word": "孝衣"
    },
    {
      "word": "孝袍"
    },
    {
      "word": "孝親"
    },
    {
      "word": "孝亲"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiàodào",
      "word": "孝道"
    },
    {
      "word": "孝陵"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiàoshùn",
      "word": "孝順"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiàoshùn",
      "word": "孝顺"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiàoyàng",
      "word": "孝養"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiàoyàng",
      "word": "孝养"
    },
    {
      "word": "孝鳥"
    },
    {
      "word": "孝鸟"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shǒuxiào",
      "word": "守孝"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dàixiào",
      "word": "帶孝"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dàixiào",
      "word": "带孝"
    },
    {
      "roman": "diàoxiào",
      "word": "弔孝"
    },
    {
      "roman": "diàoxiào",
      "word": "吊孝"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhōngxiào",
      "word": "忠孝"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhōngxiàoliǎngquán",
      "word": "忠孝兩全"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhōngxiàoliǎngquán",
      "word": "忠孝两全"
    },
    {
      "word": "忠孝節烈"
    },
    {
      "word": "忠孝节烈"
    },
    {
      "word": "忠孝節義"
    },
    {
      "word": "忠孝节义"
    },
    {
      "word": "忠孝賢良"
    },
    {
      "word": "忠孝贤良"
    },
    {
      "word": "忠孝雙全"
    },
    {
      "word": "忠孝双全"
    },
    {
      "word": "忠臣孝子"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wǔnì bùxiào",
      "word": "忤逆不孝"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yúxiào",
      "word": "愚孝"
    },
    {
      "word": "慈孫孝子"
    },
    {
      "word": "慈孙孝子"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dàixiào",
      "word": "戴孝"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pīmádàixiào",
      "word": "披麻帶孝"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pīmádàixiào",
      "word": "披麻带孝"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guàxiào",
      "word": "挂孝"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guàxiào",
      "word": "掛孝"
    },
    {
      "word": "教孝月"
    },
    {
      "word": "暖孝"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yǒuxiào",
      "word": "有孝"
    },
    {
      "word": "服孝"
    },
    {
      "word": "母慈子孝"
    },
    {
      "word": "滿孝"
    },
    {
      "word": "满孝"
    },
    {
      "roman": "huǒshān xiàozǐ",
      "word": "火山孝子"
    },
    {
      "word": "熱孝"
    },
    {
      "word": "热孝"
    },
    {
      "word": "父嚴子孝"
    },
    {
      "word": "父严子孝"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fùcízǐxiào",
      "word": "父慈子孝"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jìnxiào",
      "word": "盡孝"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jìnxiào",
      "word": "尽孝"
    },
    {
      "word": "秦孝公"
    },
    {
      "word": "移孝作忠"
    },
    {
      "word": "移孝為忠"
    },
    {
      "word": "移孝为忠"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chuānxiào",
      "word": "穿孝"
    },
    {
      "word": "穿麻掛孝"
    },
    {
      "word": "穿麻挂孝"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiéxiào",
      "word": "節孝"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiéxiào",
      "word": "节孝"
    },
    {
      "word": "純孝"
    },
    {
      "word": "纯孝"
    },
    {
      "word": "脫孝"
    },
    {
      "word": "脱孝"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhìxiào",
      "word": "至孝"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jǔ xiàolián",
      "word": "舉孝廉"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jǔ xiàolián",
      "word": "举孝廉"
    },
    {
      "word": "行孝"
    },
    {
      "word": "謝孝"
    },
    {
      "word": "谢孝"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiánxiào",
      "word": "賢孝"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiánxiào",
      "word": "贤孝"
    },
    {
      "word": "達孝"
    },
    {
      "word": "达孝"
    },
    {
      "word": "重孝"
    },
    {
      "word": "除孝"
    },
    {
      "word": "魏孝文帝"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "會意",
        "tr": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "會意/会意",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "Han ideogrammic compounds"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "categorize"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ic",
        "adj": "",
        "nocap": "",
        "pron": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Ideogrammic compound (會意/会意)",
      "name": "liushu"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "耂//",
        "3": "",
        "4": "an old man with long hair, bent over",
        "tr": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "耂 (“an old man with long hair, bent over”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "子//",
        "3": "",
        "4": "a child",
        "tr": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "子 (“a child”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "耂",
        "2": "子",
        "ls": "ic",
        "t1": "an old man with long hair, bent over",
        "t2": "a child"
      },
      "expansion": "Ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : 耂 (“an old man with long hair, bent over”) + 子 (“a child”)",
      "name": "Han compound"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "老",
        "2": "old"
      },
      "expansion": "老 (OC *ruːʔ, “old”)",
      "name": "och-l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : 耂 (“an old man with long hair, bent over”) + 子 (“a child”) – an old man and a child, filial piety between generations. Compare top component to 老 (OC *ruːʔ, “old”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "hanzi"
      },
      "expansion": "孝",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Literary Chinese terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "He whom the circle of his relatives pronounce to be filial, whom his fellow villagers and neighbors pronounce to be fraternal.",
          "ref": "宗族稱孝焉,鄉黨稱弟焉。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
          "text": "宗族称孝焉,乡党称弟焉。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version\nZōngzú chēng xiào yān, xiāngdǎng chēng tì yān. [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to do one's filial duty; to show filial piety"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "filial",
          "filial"
        ],
        [
          "duty",
          "duty"
        ],
        [
          "show",
          "show"
        ],
        [
          "filial piety",
          "filial piety"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "filial piety; filial duty"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "filial piety",
          "filial piety"
        ],
        [
          "filial",
          "filial"
        ],
        [
          "duty",
          "duty"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "mourning"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mourning",
          "mourning"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "mourning dress"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mourning",
          "mourning"
        ],
        [
          "dress",
          "dress"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Southern Min Chinese"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to offer up sacrifices (to gods or ancestors)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "offer",
          "offer"
        ],
        [
          "sacrifice",
          "sacrifice"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Southern Min) to offer up sacrifices (to gods or ancestors)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min",
        "Southern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Hokkien Chinese",
        "Mainland China Chinese"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "custom and etiquette to be observed after the death of one's seniors"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "custom",
          "custom"
        ],
        [
          "etiquette",
          "etiquette"
        ],
        [
          "observed",
          "observed"
        ],
        [
          "death",
          "death"
        ],
        [
          "seniors",
          "seniors"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Mainland China Hokkien) custom and etiquette to be observed after the death of one's seniors"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Mainland-China"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Chinese derogatory terms",
        "Chinese vulgarities",
        "Taiwanese Hokkien",
        "Xiamen Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou Hokkien"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to eat"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "derogatory",
          "derogatory"
        ],
        [
          "eat",
          "eat"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, vulgar, derogatory) to eat"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Taiwanese-Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "derogatory",
        "vulgar"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Chinese surnames"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a surname"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "surname",
          "surname"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "xiào"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "xiao⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄠˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "haau³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hau¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "PFS",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hau"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Guangdong",
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hau⁴"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "háu"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "há"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hàu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hao³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ha³"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "⁵hau; ⁵shiau"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "xiào"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "siào"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hsiao⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "syàu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "shiaw"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "сяо"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "sjao"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "haau³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "haau"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "haau³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hao³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/haːu̯³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taicheng",
        "Taishanese",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hau¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hau³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Taicheng",
        "Taishanese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hau"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hau"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hau⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hau̯⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hau⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Foochow-Romanized",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "háu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Foochow-Romanized",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "há"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hɑu²¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hɑ²¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hàu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "haux"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hax"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hau²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ha²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hau⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ha⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hau²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ha²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hau¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ha¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hau²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ha²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hàu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hà"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hau²¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ha²¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "⁵hau; ⁵shiau"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hau^去; shiau^去"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "²hau; ²xiau"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/hɔ³⁴/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/ɕiɔ³⁴/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "xaewH"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Baxter-Sagart",
        "Old-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*qʰˤuʔ-s/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*qʰruːs/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/haːu̯³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hau³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hau̯⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hau⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hɑu²¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hɑ²¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hau²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ha²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hau⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ha⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hau²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ha²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hau¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ha¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hau²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ha²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hau²¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ha²¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hɔ³⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɕiɔ³⁴/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*qʰˤuʔ-s/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*qʰruːs/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "english": "to show filial respect",
      "roman": "xiàojìng",
      "word": "孝敬"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiàoshùn",
      "word": "孝順"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiàoshùn",
      "word": "孝顺"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "有孝"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jìnxiào",
      "word": "盡孝"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jìnxiào",
      "word": "尽孝"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka"
      ],
      "word": "行孝"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiàoxīn",
      "word": "孝心"
    },
    {
      "english": "filial piety and fraternal duty",
      "roman": "xiàotì",
      "word": "孝悌"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiàoqíng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "孝情"
    },
    {
      "english": "devotion to one's parents and loyalty to one's friends",
      "roman": "xiàoyì",
      "word": "孝義"
    },
    {
      "english": "devotion to one's parents and loyalty to one's friends",
      "roman": "xiàoyì",
      "word": "孝义"
    },
    {
      "english": "acts of filial piety",
      "word": "孝行"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiàodào",
      "word": "孝道"
    }
  ],
  "word": "孝"
}
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.