See wilful on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for wilful meaning in All languages combined (7.9kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"word": "unwilful"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "unwillful"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"word": "wilfully"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "willfully"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"word": "wilfulness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "willfulness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"word": "wilful blindness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "willful blindness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "wilful homicide"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"word": "wilful ignorance"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "willful ignorance"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "wilful"
},
"expansion": "Middle English wilful",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "will",
"3": "ful",
"pos": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "will + -ful",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English wilful; equivalent to will + -ful.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more wilful",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "wilfuler",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "wilfuller",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most wilful",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "wilfulest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "wilfullest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "more",
"2": "er",
"3": "wilfuller"
},
"expansion": "wilful (comparative more wilful or wilfuler or wilfuller, superlative most wilful or wilfulest or wilfullest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"wil‧ful"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2005, Irvin D. Yalom with Molyn Leszcz, The Theory and Practice of Group Psychotherapy, page 182",
"text": "Knowingly or unknowingly, every therapist assumes that each client possesses the capacity to change through willful choice.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Intentional; deliberate."
],
"id": "en-wilful-en-adj-T6~1oJIa",
"links": [
[
"Intentional",
"intentional"
],
[
"deliberate",
"deliberate"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "volitional"
},
{
"word": "voluntary"
},
{
"word": "intentional"
}
],
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "umišlen",
"sense": "intentional",
"word": "умишлен"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "prednameren",
"sense": "intentional",
"word": "преднамерен"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "intentional",
"word": "tahallinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "intentional",
"word": "tarkoitettu"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "intentional",
"word": "harkittu"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "intentional",
"word": "tietoinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "intentional",
"word": "vorsätzlich"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "intentional",
"word": "absichtlich"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "intentional",
"word": "willentlich"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "intentional",
"word": "szándékos"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "intentional",
"word": "intencional"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "intentional",
"word": "voit"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "intentional",
"word": "deliberat"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "intentional",
"word": "intenționat"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "44 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English adjectives suffixed with -ful",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 70",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 81",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Personality",
"orig": "en:Personality",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Troponyms: spiteful, malicious"
},
{
"ref": "1893, Edwin Caskoden, When Knighthood Was in Flower, page 110",
"text": "Mary had taken the whim into her willful head, and Jane could not dissuade her.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1909, John M[illington] Synge, “Act I”, in Deirdre of the Sorrows: A Play, Churchtown: Cuala Press, published 1910, page 5",
"text": "Let you not be taking it bad, Conchubor, but you’ll get little good seeing her this night, for with all my talking it’s wilfuler she’s growing these two months or three.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1910, W[illiam] D[ean] Howells, chapter I, in My Mark Twain: Reminiscences and Criticisms, New York, N.Y., London: Harper & Brothers Publishers, part first (Memories), page 5",
"text": "He was a youth to the end of his days, the heart of a boy with the head of a sage; the heart of a good boy, or a bad boy, but always a wilful boy, and wilfulest to show himself out at every time for just the boy he was.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1995, Francine Rivers, As Sure as the Dawn, page 232",
"text": "\"He's as willful as you,\" Rizpah said. \"If you let him hurt himself again, so help me, I'll — \"",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Roger K. Thomas, Kinshu: Autumn Brocade, translation of original by Teru Miyamoto, page 136",
"text": "You had a pampered upbringing, and possessed enough of a willful streak that I wanted to slap you at times",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Stubborn and determined."
],
"id": "en-wilful-en-adj-VCW9SlY3",
"links": [
[
"Stubborn",
"stubborn"
],
[
"determined",
"determined"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "obstinate"
},
{
"word": "self-willed"
},
{
"word": "headstrong"
}
],
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "svoenraven",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "своенравен"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "itsepintainen"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "itsepäinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "jääräpäinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "joustamaton"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "omapäinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "eigenwillig"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "eigensinnig"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "akaratos"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "makacs"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "önfejű"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "ceanntréan"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "pokerenoa"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "whakangutungutu"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "persistente"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "obstinado"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "voluntarioso"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "încăpățânat"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "îndărătnic"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uprjamyj",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "упрямый"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈwɪlfʊl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈwɪlfəl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪlfəl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "willful"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "wilfull"
}
],
"word": "wilful"
}
{
"categories": [
"British English forms",
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English adjectives suffixed with -ful",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:English/ɪlfəl",
"Rhymes:English/ɪlfəl/2 syllables",
"en:Personality"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"word": "unwilful"
},
{
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "unwillful"
},
{
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"word": "wilfully"
},
{
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "willfully"
},
{
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"word": "wilfulness"
},
{
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "willfulness"
},
{
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"word": "wilful blindness"
},
{
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "willful blindness"
},
{
"word": "wilful homicide"
},
{
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"word": "wilful ignorance"
},
{
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "willful ignorance"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "wilful"
},
"expansion": "Middle English wilful",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "will",
"3": "ful",
"pos": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "will + -ful",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English wilful; equivalent to will + -ful.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more wilful",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "wilfuler",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "wilfuller",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most wilful",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "wilfulest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "wilfullest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "more",
"2": "er",
"3": "wilfuller"
},
"expansion": "wilful (comparative more wilful or wilfuler or wilfuller, superlative most wilful or wilfulest or wilfullest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"wil‧ful"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2005, Irvin D. Yalom with Molyn Leszcz, The Theory and Practice of Group Psychotherapy, page 182",
"text": "Knowingly or unknowingly, every therapist assumes that each client possesses the capacity to change through willful choice.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Intentional; deliberate."
],
"links": [
[
"Intentional",
"intentional"
],
[
"deliberate",
"deliberate"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "volitional"
},
{
"word": "voluntary"
},
{
"word": "intentional"
}
],
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Troponyms: spiteful, malicious"
},
{
"ref": "1893, Edwin Caskoden, When Knighthood Was in Flower, page 110",
"text": "Mary had taken the whim into her willful head, and Jane could not dissuade her.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1909, John M[illington] Synge, “Act I”, in Deirdre of the Sorrows: A Play, Churchtown: Cuala Press, published 1910, page 5",
"text": "Let you not be taking it bad, Conchubor, but you’ll get little good seeing her this night, for with all my talking it’s wilfuler she’s growing these two months or three.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1910, W[illiam] D[ean] Howells, chapter I, in My Mark Twain: Reminiscences and Criticisms, New York, N.Y., London: Harper & Brothers Publishers, part first (Memories), page 5",
"text": "He was a youth to the end of his days, the heart of a boy with the head of a sage; the heart of a good boy, or a bad boy, but always a wilful boy, and wilfulest to show himself out at every time for just the boy he was.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1995, Francine Rivers, As Sure as the Dawn, page 232",
"text": "\"He's as willful as you,\" Rizpah said. \"If you let him hurt himself again, so help me, I'll — \"",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Roger K. Thomas, Kinshu: Autumn Brocade, translation of original by Teru Miyamoto, page 136",
"text": "You had a pampered upbringing, and possessed enough of a willful streak that I wanted to slap you at times",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Stubborn and determined."
],
"links": [
[
"Stubborn",
"stubborn"
],
[
"determined",
"determined"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "obstinate"
},
{
"word": "self-willed"
},
{
"word": "headstrong"
}
],
"tags": [
"UK"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈwɪlfʊl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈwɪlfəl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪlfəl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "willful"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "wilfull"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "umišlen",
"sense": "intentional",
"word": "умишлен"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "prednameren",
"sense": "intentional",
"word": "преднамерен"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "intentional",
"word": "tahallinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "intentional",
"word": "tarkoitettu"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "intentional",
"word": "harkittu"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "intentional",
"word": "tietoinen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "intentional",
"word": "vorsätzlich"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "intentional",
"word": "absichtlich"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "intentional",
"word": "willentlich"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "intentional",
"word": "szándékos"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "intentional",
"word": "intencional"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "intentional",
"word": "voit"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "intentional",
"word": "deliberat"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "intentional",
"word": "intenționat"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "svoenraven",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "своенравен"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "itsepintainen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "itsepäinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "jääräpäinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "joustamaton"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "omapäinen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "eigenwillig"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "eigensinnig"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "akaratos"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "makacs"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "önfejű"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "ceanntréan"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "pokerenoa"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "whakangutungutu"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "persistente"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "obstinado"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "voluntarioso"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "încăpățânat"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "îndărătnic"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uprjamyj",
"sense": "stubborn",
"word": "упрямый"
}
],
"word": "wilful"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.