See twarz on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cudna twarz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "męska twarz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "płażąca twarz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rodząca twarz"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "twarz"
},
"expansion": "Polish: twarz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: twarz"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "twŏrz"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: twŏrz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: twŏrz"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*tvarь",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *tvarь",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*tvarь"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tvarь",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+deverbal",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "tworzyć"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, deverbal from tworzyć",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fifteenth century"
},
"expansion": "the fifteenth century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fifteenth century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the fifteenth century",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tvarь. By surface analysis, deverbal from tworzyć. First attested in the fifteenth century.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "twarz f",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [Fifteenth century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXV, page 218:",
"text": "Werzimi, is czø wiszlusza then, ... gego wsza twarzsz slusza",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"creation (something created such as an invention or artwork)"
],
"id": "en-twarz-zlw-opl-noun-XIryPjGq",
"links": [
[
"creation",
"creation"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [1444], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXIII, page 310:",
"text": "Machina puschca albo twarz (ut trina rerum machina caelestium, terrestrium et inferorum condita flectat genu iam subdita)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"creation (all which exists)"
],
"id": "en-twarz-zlw-opl-noun-H7qkDZAt",
"links": [
[
"creation",
"creation"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “I Reg”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 28, 14:",
"text": "Y rzecze nyewyasta ku Saulowy: bogym (deos) wydzala gydøcze s zemye. Tedi Saul rzecze: Iaka twarz gego (qualis est forma eius)?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 44r:",
"text": "Egregia forma vyborna thwarz vel oblycze",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"form, shape, figure"
],
"id": "en-twarz-zlw-opl-noun-yLOWkO7a",
"links": [
[
"form",
"form"
],
[
"shape",
"shape"
],
[
"figure",
"figure"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) form, shape, figure"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Gen”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 24, 47:",
"text": "Ya gesm gey zawyeszyl navsznycze na okrassenye gey twarzi (ad ornandam faciem)",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1979 [c. 1500], Ladislas of Gielniów, “Rzepka Wojciech R. Pieśni Władysława z Gielniowa nowo odnalezione”, in Wiesław Wydra, editor, Studia Polonistyczne, volume 6, numbers 167-201, Gniezno, page 177:",
"text": "Veronica, pany szwyatha... thwarz Cristovą myecz sządala",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"face (front part of the head)"
],
"id": "en-twarz-zlw-opl-noun-mE56wmne",
"links": [
[
"face",
"face"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) face (front part of the head)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Gen”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 1, 2:",
"text": "Alye szemya bila... proszna a czmi bili na twarzy przepaszczy (super faciem abyssi)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"face (front or outer surface of an object)"
],
"id": "en-twarz-zlw-opl-noun-OnwFLxHX",
"links": [
[
"face",
"face"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Lev”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 19, 32:",
"text": "Przecziwko szadim glowam powstany a poczczi twarz starego (personam senis)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"face, person"
],
"id": "en-twarz-zlw-opl-noun-Rk43cPha",
"links": [
[
"face",
"face"
],
[
"person",
"person"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "człowiek"
},
{
"word": "osoba"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 1 1 1 2 87",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish deverbals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 5 3 2 2 4 80",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 10 5 2 2 4 52 3 3 1 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 11 3 2 2 3 60 2 2 1 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Gen”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 22, 17:",
"text": "Twe plemyø opwyte twarzy y grodi twich nyeprzyaczyelow *bodzesz myecz (possidebit semen tuum portas inimicorum suorum)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mistranslation of Old Czech and corruption of Old Polish twierdza"
],
"id": "en-twarz-zlw-opl-noun-LVgw5qzn",
"links": [
[
"twierdza",
"twierdza#Old_Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tfaːr̝/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/tfɒr̝/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "twarz"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bez twarzy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "z ludzką twarzą"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "twarzą w twarz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "w twarz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "kurza twarz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "blada twarz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "twarz pokerzysty"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "być do twarzy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "krew uderzyła do twarzy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "krew uderza do twarzy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "mieć wypisane na twarzy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "napluć w twarz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "pluć w twarz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "odpłynąć z twarzy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "odpływać z twarzy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "paść na twarz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "padać na twarz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "przywołać na twarz wyraz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "przywoływać na twarz wyraz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "przywołać uśmiech na twarz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "przywoływać uśmiech na twarz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "śmiać się w twarz"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "ine-bsl-pro",
"4": "ine-pro",
"inh": "3"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "twarz",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish twarz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "twarz"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish twarz",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+deverbal",
"2": "pl",
"3": "tworzyć"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, deverbal from tworzyć",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Displaced"
},
"expansion": "Displaced",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "lico",
"sl": "1"
},
"expansion": "Displaced lico",
"name": "displaced"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish twarz. By surface analysis, deverbal from tworzyć. Displaced lico, now considered poetic.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "twarzyczka",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "twarzowy",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "twarz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twarze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twarzy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twarzy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twarzy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twarzom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twarz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twarze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twarzą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twarzami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twarzy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twarzach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twarzy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "twarze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"adj": "twarzowy",
"dim": "twarzyczka"
},
"expansion": "twarz f (diminutive twarzyczka, related adjective twarzowy)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"twarz"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "twarzowo"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 26 10 27 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 24 5 25 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 25 4 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 25 4 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 20 18 20 19",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Face",
"orig": "pl:Face",
"parents": [
"Head and neck",
"Body parts",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"Health"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"face (front part of head)"
],
"id": "en-twarz-pl-noun-U9YcoOLC",
"links": [
[
"face",
"face"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) face (front part of head)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "buzia"
},
{
"word": "dziób"
},
{
"word": "facjata"
},
{
"word": "gęba"
},
{
"word": "japa"
},
{
"word": "morda"
},
{
"word": "lico"
},
{
"word": "oblicze"
},
{
"word": "ryj"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 26 10 27 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 24 5 25 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 25 4 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 25 4 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 20 18 20 19",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Face",
"orig": "pl:Face",
"parents": [
"Head and neck",
"Body parts",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"Health"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 46 0 4 45",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "People",
"orig": "pl:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"face (aspect of the character or nature of someone)"
],
"id": "en-twarz-pl-noun-5jV-OVAy",
"links": [
[
"face",
"face"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) face (aspect of the character or nature of someone)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "oblicze"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 20 18 20 19",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Face",
"orig": "pl:Face",
"parents": [
"Head and neck",
"Body parts",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"Health"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"face (person)"
],
"id": "en-twarz-pl-noun-j5SOuFbj",
"links": [
[
"face",
"face"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) face (person)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "człowiek"
},
{
"word": "osoba"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 23 7 28 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish deverbals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 26 10 27 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 24 5 25 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 25 4 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 25 4 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 20 18 20 19",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Face",
"orig": "pl:Face",
"parents": [
"Head and neck",
"Body parts",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"Health"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"face (good reputation; standing, in the eyes of others)"
],
"id": "en-twarz-pl-noun-7gagZFGo",
"links": [
[
"face",
"face"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) face (good reputation; standing, in the eyes of others)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 26 10 27 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 24 5 25 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 25 4 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 25 4 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 20 18 20 19",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Face",
"orig": "pl:Face",
"parents": [
"Head and neck",
"Body parts",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"Health"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 46 0 4 45",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "People",
"orig": "pl:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"face (aspect of the character or nature of someone or something)"
],
"id": "en-twarz-pl-noun-xqRlrTYN",
"links": [
[
"face",
"face"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) face (aspect of the character or nature of someone or something)"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtfaʂ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tfɒr̝/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tfɒʂ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʂ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pl:Ida Kurcz"
],
"word": "twarz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish deverbals",
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish feminine nouns",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish nouns",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"pl:Face",
"pl:People",
"zlw-opl:Face"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cudna twarz"
},
{
"word": "męska twarz"
},
{
"word": "płażąca twarz"
},
{
"word": "rodząca twarz"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "twarz"
},
"expansion": "Polish: twarz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: twarz"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "twŏrz"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: twŏrz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: twŏrz"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*tvarь",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *tvarь",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*tvarь"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tvarь",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+deverbal",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "tworzyć"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, deverbal from tworzyć",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fifteenth century"
},
"expansion": "the fifteenth century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fifteenth century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the fifteenth century",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tvarь. By surface analysis, deverbal from tworzyć. First attested in the fifteenth century.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "twarz f",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [Fifteenth century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXV, page 218:",
"text": "Werzimi, is czø wiszlusza then, ... gego wsza twarzsz slusza",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"creation (something created such as an invention or artwork)"
],
"links": [
[
"creation",
"creation"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [1444], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXIII, page 310:",
"text": "Machina puschca albo twarz (ut trina rerum machina caelestium, terrestrium et inferorum condita flectat genu iam subdita)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"creation (all which exists)"
],
"links": [
[
"creation",
"creation"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “I Reg”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 28, 14:",
"text": "Y rzecze nyewyasta ku Saulowy: bogym (deos) wydzala gydøcze s zemye. Tedi Saul rzecze: Iaka twarz gego (qualis est forma eius)?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 44r:",
"text": "Egregia forma vyborna thwarz vel oblycze",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"form, shape, figure"
],
"links": [
[
"form",
"form"
],
[
"shape",
"shape"
],
[
"figure",
"figure"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) form, shape, figure"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Gen”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 24, 47:",
"text": "Ya gesm gey zawyeszyl navsznycze na okrassenye gey twarzi (ad ornandam faciem)",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1979 [c. 1500], Ladislas of Gielniów, “Rzepka Wojciech R. Pieśni Władysława z Gielniowa nowo odnalezione”, in Wiesław Wydra, editor, Studia Polonistyczne, volume 6, numbers 167-201, Gniezno, page 177:",
"text": "Veronica, pany szwyatha... thwarz Cristovą myecz sządala",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"face (front part of the head)"
],
"links": [
[
"face",
"face"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) face (front part of the head)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Gen”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 1, 2:",
"text": "Alye szemya bila... proszna a czmi bili na twarzy przepaszczy (super faciem abyssi)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"face (front or outer surface of an object)"
],
"links": [
[
"face",
"face"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Lev”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 19, 32:",
"text": "Przecziwko szadim glowam powstany a poczczi twarz starego (personam senis)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"face, person"
],
"links": [
[
"face",
"face"
],
[
"person",
"person"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "człowiek"
},
{
"word": "osoba"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Gen”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 22, 17:",
"text": "Twe plemyø opwyte twarzy y grodi twich nyeprzyaczyelow *bodzesz myecz (possidebit semen tuum portas inimicorum suorum)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mistranslation of Old Czech and corruption of Old Polish twierdza"
],
"links": [
[
"twierdza",
"twierdza#Old_Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tfaːr̝/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/tfɒr̝/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "twarz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish deverbals",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish feminine nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/aʂ",
"Rhymes:Polish/aʂ/1 syllable",
"pl:Face",
"pl:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bez twarzy"
},
{
"word": "z ludzką twarzą"
},
{
"word": "twarzą w twarz"
},
{
"word": "w twarz"
},
{
"word": "kurza twarz"
},
{
"word": "blada twarz"
},
{
"word": "twarz pokerzysty"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "być do twarzy"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "krew uderzyła do twarzy"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "krew uderza do twarzy"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "mieć wypisane na twarzy"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "napluć w twarz"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "pluć w twarz"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "odpłynąć z twarzy"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "odpływać z twarzy"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "paść na twarz"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "padać na twarz"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "przywołać na twarz wyraz"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "przywoływać na twarz wyraz"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "przywołać uśmiech na twarz"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "przywoływać uśmiech na twarz"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "śmiać się w twarz"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "ine-bsl-pro",
"4": "ine-pro",
"inh": "3"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "twarz",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish twarz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "twarz"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish twarz",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+deverbal",
"2": "pl",
"3": "tworzyć"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, deverbal from tworzyć",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Displaced"
},
"expansion": "Displaced",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "lico",
"sl": "1"
},
"expansion": "Displaced lico",
"name": "displaced"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish twarz. By surface analysis, deverbal from tworzyć. Displaced lico, now considered poetic.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "twarzyczka",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "twarzowy",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "twarz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twarze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twarzy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twarzy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twarzy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twarzom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twarz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twarze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twarzą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twarzami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twarzy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twarzach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twarzy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "twarze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"adj": "twarzowy",
"dim": "twarzyczka"
},
"expansion": "twarz f (diminutive twarzyczka, related adjective twarzowy)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"twarz"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "twarzowo"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish countable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"face (front part of head)"
],
"links": [
[
"face",
"face"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) face (front part of head)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "buzia"
},
{
"word": "dziób"
},
{
"word": "facjata"
},
{
"word": "gęba"
},
{
"word": "japa"
},
{
"word": "morda"
},
{
"word": "lico"
},
{
"word": "oblicze"
},
{
"word": "ryj"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish countable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"face (aspect of the character or nature of someone)"
],
"links": [
[
"face",
"face"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) face (aspect of the character or nature of someone)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "oblicze"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish countable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"face (person)"
],
"links": [
[
"face",
"face"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) face (person)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "człowiek"
},
{
"word": "osoba"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish uncountable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"face (good reputation; standing, in the eyes of others)"
],
"links": [
[
"face",
"face"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) face (good reputation; standing, in the eyes of others)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish countable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"face (aspect of the character or nature of someone or something)"
],
"links": [
[
"face",
"face"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) face (aspect of the character or nature of someone or something)"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtfaʂ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tfɒr̝/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tfɒʂ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʂ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pl:Ida Kurcz"
],
"word": "twarz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for twarz meaning in All languages combined (12.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.